CN103812553A - Method for calibrating time-delay asymmetry of high-accuracy optical fibre bidirectional time comparison devices - Google Patents
Method for calibrating time-delay asymmetry of high-accuracy optical fibre bidirectional time comparison devices Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calibrating the time-delay asymmetry of high-accuracy optical fibre bidirectional time comparison devices. The method comprises the following steps: (1) establishing a time-delay calibration system for the optical fibre bidirectional time comparison devices; (2) calibrating a reception chain time-delay difference between the optical fibre bidirectional time comparison devices; (3) calibrating a reception chain time-delay difference between the optical fibre bidirectional time comparison devices; (4) calibrating time-delay asymmetry between the optical fibre bidirectional time comparison devices. The method disclosed by the invention is capable of simply and conveniently calibrating the asymmetry between the optical fibre bidirectional time comparison devices, and calibrating the time-delay asymmetry between random time-frequency devices, thus effectively overcoming the influence of the different time delays of optical fibres or cables on the time-delay accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a calibration method of equipment time delay in the field of optical fiber time synchronization, in particular to a calibration method of equipment time delay asymmetry through high-precision optical fiber bidirectional time comparison.
Background
The device delay refers to the additional delay generated when a signal passes through the device, and is the inherent characteristic of the device. The high-precision optical fiber bidirectional time comparison is used for carrying out time synchronization by sending and receiving timing signals through an optical fiber link, and accurate clock error can be obtained only by deducting the time delay asymmetry of the optical fiber time comparison equipment when the accurate time synchronization precision is obtained. Therefore, the calibration precision of the time delay asymmetry of the optical fiber time synchronization equipment directly influences the precision of the optical fiber time synchronization system, and the method is a key technology of the optical fiber time synchronization system.
At present, in time synchronization based on satellites and cables, system calibration is mainly used for calibrating time delay of a system by measuring electrical time delay, and adopted equipment time delay measuring methods mainly comprise a vector network analyzer method, an oscilloscope method, a time interval counter method and the like. German federal physical technology research institute (federal physical technology research institute) proposes a method for comparing the Time delay of a device based on the bidirectional Time of an optical fiber of a satellite device (rot, m., et al, "Time transfer through optical fibers over attachment of73km with an unlimited availability of below100ps." rolling 49.6(2012): 772.), but the influence of the optical fiber and the cable on the accuracy of the device cannot be deducted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high-precision calibration method for the time delay asymmetry of the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment.
Device latency refers to the time delay required for a signal to travel from an input port to an output port of a device. Dividing the time delay of the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment into a transmitting link time delay and a receiving link time delay: the starting point of the transmitting link time delay is an input port of a transmitted timing signal on the equipment, and the end point of the transmitting link time delay is an optical signal output port carrying the transmitted timing signal on the equipment; the starting point of the receive link delay is the input port on the device that receives the optical signal carrying the timing signal of the other party, and the ending point is the output port of the timing signal received from the other party.
The delay of the transmitting equipment comes from the following two links of introducing the delay: time coding processing delay
Time delay introduced by electro-optical conversion and optical fiber duplexers (e.g. circulators, WDM, etc.)
Thus, the transmit link delay can be expressed as:
similar to the delay of the transmitting device, the delay of the receiving device comes from two delay-introducing links, that of the photoelectric conversion and the optical fiber duplexer (e.g. circulator, WDM, etc.)
Time delay of time decoding circuit
Thus, the receive link delay can be expressed as: <math>
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<mi>τ</mi>
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<msubsup>
<mi>τ</mi>
<mi>Ti</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>.</mo>
</mrow>
</math>
the invention measures the asymmetry of the receiving link delay of the equipment (marked as equipment A and equipment B) at two ends of the two-way time comparison system respectively by a combined delay measurement method (namely, the delay difference of the receiving link between the two equipment,
and transmit link latency asymmetry (i.e.: the difference in transmit link latency between two devices,
on the basis, the asymmetry of the time delay of the two-fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment is further calibrated <math>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>Δτ</mi>
<mi>AB</mi>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>Δτ</mi>
<mi>AB</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>-</mo>
<msubsup>
<mi>Δτ</mi>
<mi>AB</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
</msubsup>
<mo>.</mo>
</mrow>
</math>
The specific technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a calibration method for time delay asymmetry of high-precision optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, establishing an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment time delay calibration system by adopting a time frequency reference, a cable, an optical fiber and optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment, high-precision time delay test equipment, first equipment to be calibrated and second equipment to be calibrated;
calibrating a receiving link time delay difference between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices;
calibrating the receiving link time delay difference between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices;
and fourthly, calibrating the time delay asymmetry between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices.
The method comprises the following steps of firstly, establishing an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment time delay calibration system which comprises a first time frequency reference, a second time frequency reference, a plurality of cables, a plurality of optical fibers, first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment, second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment, first high-precision time delay test equipment, second high-precision time delay test equipment and optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i (i = A, B) to be calibrated;
the first output end of the first time frequency reference is connected with the first input end of a first high-precision time delay testing device through a cable, the second output end of the first time frequency reference is connected with the input end of a first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device through a cable, the output end of the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device is connected with the input end of an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = A, B) to be calibrated through an optical fiber, and the output end of the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = A, B) to be calibrated is connected with the second input end of the first high-precision time delay testing device through a cable;
the first output end of the second time-frequency reference is connected with the first input end of the second high-precision time delay testing device through a cable, the second output end of the first time-frequency reference is connected with the input end of the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = A, B) to be calibrated through a cable, the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = A, B) to be calibrated is connected with the input end of the second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibrating device through an optical fiber, and the output end of the second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibrating device is connected with the second input end of the second high-precision time delay testing device through a cable.
Calibrating the time delay difference of a receiving link between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment, and specifically comprising the following steps;
step 2-1, dividing the timing information output by the first time frequency reference into two paths: one path of timing information is input into the high-precision time delay testing equipment through a cable; the other path of timing information is input into a first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device through a cable, an optical signal which carries the timing information and is output by the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device is input into an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = A, B) to be calibrated through an optical fiber, and the timing information output by the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i to be calibrated is input into a high-precision time delay test device through the cable;
step 2-2, when the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is first equipment to be calibrated:
the timing information output by the first time frequency reference and measured by the first high-precision time delay test equipment is input to the time delay difference of the high-precision time delay test equipment through the cable, the transmission link of the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment, the unidirectional time transmission link formed by the optical fiber, the receiving link of the first equipment to be calibrated and the cable, and the timing information output by the first time frequency reference
Step 2-3, when the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is second equipment to be calibrated:
the timing information output by the first time frequency reference and measured by the first high-precision time delay test equipment is input to the time delay difference of the high-precision time delay test equipment through the cable, the transmission link of the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment, the unidirectional time transmission link formed by the optical fiber, the receiving link of the second equipment to be calibrated and the cable, and the timing information output by the first time frequency reference
Step 2-4, calculating the time delay difference of the receiving link between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices
The formula is as follows:
the step of calibrating the time delay difference of the receiving link between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, the timing information output by the second time frequency reference is divided into two paths: one path of timing information is input into second high-precision time delay testing equipment through a cable, the other path of timing information is input into optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i (i = A, B) to be calibrated through the cable, an optical signal carrying the timing information and output by the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is input into the second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibrating equipment through an optical fiber, and the timing information output by the second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibrating equipment is input into the second high-precision time delay testing equipment through the cable;
step 3-2, when the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i to be calibrated is a first device to be calibrated, the second high-precision time delay test device measures the time delay difference of the timing information output by the second time frequency reference, which is input to the second high-precision time delay test device through the cable, the transmission link of the first device to be calibrated, the optical fiber, the receiving link of the second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device and the cable to form a unidirectional time transmission link, and the timing signal output by the second time frequency reference is input to the second high-precision time delay test device through the cable
Step 3-3, when the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is second equipment to be calibrated,the second high-precision time delay test equipment measures the time delay difference of the timing information output by the second time frequency reference, which is input to the second high-precision time delay test equipment through the cable, the transmitting link of the second equipment to be calibrated, the optical fiber, the receiving link of the second optical fiber two-way time comparison calibration equipment and the cable to form a one-way time transmission link, and the timing signal output by the second time frequency reference is input to the second high-precision time delay test equipment through the cable
4) Calculating the receiving link time delay difference between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices
The formula is as follows:
the step four of calibrating the time delay asymmetry Delta tau between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devicesABThe formula is as follows
Wherein,
in order to transmit the delay difference of the link,is the delay difference of the receiving link.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device can simply and conveniently calibrate the asymmetry of the time delay between the optical fiber two-way time comparison devices, calibrate the asymmetry of the time delay of any time-frequency device, and effectively overcome the influence of different time delays of optical fibers or cables on the accuracy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a receive chain delay difference calibration;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of link delay difference calibration.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention is given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific workflow are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of calibrating delay inequality of a receiving link, which is mainly based on a first time-frequency reference H1First optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment C1The device comprises an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = A, B) to be calibrated and a first high-precision time delay measuring device M1Cables and optical fibers. First time frequency reference H1The timing information output by (such as various atomic clocks) is divided into two paths. One path of timing information is input into a first high-precision time delay testing device M through a cable 1-11(e.g., time interval measuring instruments, oscilloscopes, etc.); the other path of timing information is input into the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment C through the cable 1-21The first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment C1The output optical signal carrying timing information is input to an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = A, B) to be calibrated through optical fibers 1-3, and the timing information output by the device i is input to a first high-precision time delay measuring device M through cables 1-42. When the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is equipment A, first high-precision time delay testing equipment M1Measuring a first time-frequency reference H1The output timing information (such as 1 pps) passes through the cable 1-2 and the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device C1The transmission link, the optical fibers 1-3, the receiving link of the device A and the cables 1-4 form a unidirectional time transfer link and a first time-frequency reference H1The output timing signal (e.g. 1 pps) is input to the first high-precision delay testing device M via the cable 1-11Delay difference of (2):
when the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is equipment B, a first time-frequency reference H is measured1The output timing information (such as 1 pps) passes through the cable 1-2 and the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device C1The transmission link of (1), the optical fiber (1-3), the receiving link of the device (B) and the unidirectional time transmission link formed by the cable (1-4) and the first time-frequency reference (H)1The output timing signal (e.g. 1 pps) is input to the first high-precision delay testing device M via the cable 1-11Delay difference of (2):
will be provided with
Andsubtracting the measured results to obtain the time delay difference of the receiving links of the equipment A and the B
FIG. 2 is a diagram of delay difference of transmission linkA fixed diagram mainly composed of a second time frequency reference H2Second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment C2The device for comparing the two-way time of the optical fiber to be calibrated i (i = A, B) and the second high-precision time delay measuring device M2Cables and optical fibers. Second time frequency reference H2The timing information output by (such as various atomic clocks) is divided into two paths of timing information and one path of timing information, and the two paths of timing information are input into a second high-precision time delay testing device M through a cable 2-12(e.g., time interval measuring instruments, oscilloscopes, etc.). The other path of timing information is input to an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = A, B) to be calibrated through a cable 2-2, and an optical signal carrying the timing information output by the i is input to a second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device C through an optical fiber 2-32。C2The output timing information is input into a second high-precision time delay testing device M through cables 2-42. When the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is equipment A, second high-precision time delay testing equipment M2Measuring a second time-frequency reference H2The output timing information (such as 1 pps) passes through a cable 2-2, a transmission link of the equipment A, an optical fiber 2-3 and a second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment C2The receiving link and the cables 2-4 form a one-way time transmission link and a second time frequency reference H2The output timing signal (e.g. 1 pps) is input to the second high-precision time delay test device M through the cable 2-12Delay difference of (2):
when the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is B, the second high-precision time delay testing equipment M2Measuring a second time-frequency reference H2The output timing information (such as 1 pps) passes through a cable 2-2, a transmission link of the equipment B, an optical fiber 2-3 and a second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment C2The receiving link and the cables 2-4 form a one-way time transmission link and a second time frequency reference H2The output timing signal (e.g. 1 pps) is input to the second high-precision time delay test device M through the cable 2-12Delay difference of (2):
mixing the aboveAnd
the result of the measurement is subtracted to obtain the time delay difference of the sending links of the equipment A and the B
Time delay difference of sending link is calibratedDelay difference of sum receiving link
The asymmetry of the two-way time comparison equipment time delay of the two optical fibers is obtained by subtraction
Claims (5)
1. A calibration method for time delay asymmetry of high-precision optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, establishing an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment time delay calibration system by adopting a time frequency reference, a cable, an optical fiber and optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment, high-precision time delay test equipment, first equipment to be calibrated and second equipment to be calibrated;
calibrating a receiving link time delay difference between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices;
calibrating the receiving link time delay difference between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices;
and fourthly, calibrating the time delay asymmetry between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices.
2. The method for calibrating the time delay asymmetry of the high-precision optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step (i) of establishing the time delay calibration system of the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment comprises a first time frequency reference, a second time frequency reference, a plurality of cables, a plurality of optical fibers, first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment, second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment, first high-precision time delay test equipment, second high-precision time delay test equipment and optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i (i = A, B) to be calibrated;
said first time-frequency reference (H)1) Is connected with a first high-precision time delay test device (M) through a cable (1-1)1) Is connected to said first input, said first time-frequency reference (H)1) The second output end of the optical fiber is compared with the first optical fiber bidirectional time by the cable (1-2) to calibrate the equipment (C)1) Is connected with the input end of the first optical fiber, and the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment (C)1) Is connected with the input end of an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = a, B) to be calibrated through an optical fiber (1-3), and the output end of the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = a, B) to be calibrated is connected with a first high-precision time delay test device (M) through a cable (1-4)1) Is connected with the second input end;
said second time-frequency reference (H)2) The first output end of the first high-precision time delay testing device (M) is connected with a second high-precision time delay testing device (M) through a cable (2-1)2) Is connected to said first input, said first time-frequency reference (H)1) Is connected via a cable (2-2) to the input of a device i (i = a, B) for bidirectional time comparison of the optical fiber to be calibrated, which device i (i = a, B) for bidirectional time comparison of the optical fiber to be calibrated is connected via an optical fiber (2-3) to a calibration device (C) for bidirectional time comparison of the second optical fiber2) Is connected with the input end of the second optical fiber, and the second optical fiber is used for bidirectional time comparison and calibration equipment (C)2) Is connected with the second through a cable (2-4)High-precision time delay test equipment (M)2) Is connected to the second input terminal.
3. The calibration method of time delay asymmetry of high-precision optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the step (II) of calibrating the receiving link time delay difference between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment comprises the following steps;
step 2-1, first time frequency reference (H)1) The output timing information is divided into two paths: one path of timing information is input into high-precision time delay testing equipment (M) through a cable (1-1)1) (ii) a The other path of timing information is input into the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment (C) through the cable (1-2)1) The first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment (C)1) The output optical signal carrying timing information is input to an optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i (i = A, B) to be calibrated through an optical fiber (1-3), and the timing information output by the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison device i to be calibrated is input to a high-precision time delay test device (M) through a cable (1-4)1）；
Step 2-2, when the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is first equipment (A) to be calibrated:
first high-precision time delay test equipment (M)1) Measuring a first time frequency reference (H)1) The output timing information passes through the cable (1-2) and the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment (C)1) A unidirectional time transfer link formed by the transmitting link, the optical fiber (1-3), the receiving link of the first device (A) to be calibrated and the cable (1-4) and a first time-frequency reference (H)1) The output timing information is input into a high-precision time delay testing device (M) through a cable (1-1)1) Time delay difference of
Step 2-3, when the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is second equipment (B) to be calibrated:
first high-precision time delay test equipment (M)1) Measuring a first time frequency reference (H)1) The output timing information passes through the cable (1-2) and the first optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment (C)1) A unidirectional time transfer link formed by the transmitting link, the optical fiber (1-3), the receiving link of the second device (B) to be calibrated and the cable (1-4) and a first time-frequency reference (H)1) The output timing information is input into a high-precision time delay testing device (M) through a cable (1-1)1) Time delay difference of
Step 2-4, calculating the time delay difference of the receiving link between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices
The formula is as follows:
4. the method for calibrating time delay asymmetry of high-precision optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment according to claim 1, wherein said step (c) of calibrating the time delay difference of the receiving link between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, second time frequency reference (H)2) The output timing information is divided into two paths: one path of timing information is input into a second high-precision time delay testing device (M) through a cable (2-1)2) The other path of timing information is input into the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i (i = A, B) to be calibrated through a cable (2-2), and the other path of timing information is to be calibratedThe optical signal carrying timing information output by the fixed optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i is input into second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment (C) through optical fibers (2-3)2) Second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration equipment (C)2) The output timing information is input to a second high-precision time delay test device (M) through cables (2-4)2）；
Step 3-2, when the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i to be calibrated is first equipment (A) to be calibrated:
second high precision time delay test equipment (M)2) Measuring a second time-frequency reference (H)2) The output timing information passes through a cable (2-2), a transmission link of a first device to be calibrated (A), an optical fiber (2-3) and a second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device (C)2) The receiving link and the cables (2-4) form a unidirectional time transfer link and a second time frequency reference (H)2) The output timing signal is input to a second high-precision time delay test device (M) through a cable (2-1)2) Time delay difference of
3-3, when the to-be-calibrated optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment i is first to-be-calibrated equipment (B):
second high precision time delay test equipment (M)2) Measuring a second time-frequency reference (H)2) The output timing information passes through a cable (2-2), a transmission link of a second device to be calibrated (B), an optical fiber (2-3) and a second optical fiber bidirectional time comparison calibration device (C)2) The receiving link and the cables (2-4) form a unidirectional time transfer link and a second time frequency reference (H)2) The output timing signal is input to a second high-precision time delay test device (M) through a cable (2-1)2) Time delay difference of
Step 3-4, calculating the time delay difference of the receiving link between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison devices
The formula is as follows:
5. the method for calibrating time delay asymmetry of high-precision optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step (d) calibrates the time delay asymmetry Δ τ between the optical fiber bidirectional time comparison equipmentABThe formula is as follows
Wherein,
in order to transmit the delay difference of the link,
is the delay difference of the receiving link.
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