CN103812294B - A kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines - Google Patents
A kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines Download PDFInfo
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- CN103812294B CN103812294B CN201410007947.5A CN201410007947A CN103812294B CN 103812294 B CN103812294 B CN 103812294B CN 201410007947 A CN201410007947 A CN 201410007947A CN 103812294 B CN103812294 B CN 103812294B
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines, including rotor core, axle, stator core, magnet exciting coil, armature coil and motor casing, stator core and rotor core use salient pole type structure, the stator poles of stator core is 10i, pole embrace is 0.333, the rotor number of poles of rotor core is 12i, pole embrace is 0.4 or 0.5, i is the integral multiple natural number of 2 or 3, armature coil uses centralized winding method to be wound in the stator poles of stator core, a phase armature winding is formed after the series connection of synchronous armature coil, 72 ° of electrical angles of the phase of each phase armature winding, magnet exciting coil is uniformly wound in the stator poles of stator core, coiling direction is consistent with the armature coil magnetic field of institute's linkage, the magnetic direction that adjacent magnet exciting coil produces is contrary.The present invention has five phase windings, and fault freedom is good；Each emf phase amplitude is equal, can realize current-sharing output；Rotor number of poles is many, is particularly suitable as the electromotor higher to reliability requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to specific type of electric machine body design technical field, particularly relate to a kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines.
Background technology
Motor is the critical component of a kind of energy converting between mechanical, and along with industry developments such as aviation, automobile, wind-power electricity generations, system is more and more higher to the reliability requirement of motor.
Double salient-pole electric machine is a kind of new-type motor being made up of the motor body of electronic power converter, permanent magnetism or electromagnetism Energizing unit, controller and salient pole stator and rotor sructure.As a kind of novel variable reluctance motor, its magnetic resistance maximum and minima ratio are big, have preferable energy converting between mechanical characteristic.Double salient-pole electric machine is divided into electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine, doubly salient permanent magnet motor and mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T.Wherein electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine rotor is without winding, and reliability is high；Can regulate the size of exciting current, voltage-regulation performance is good, therefore has preferable application prospect in wind-power electricity generation, aviation and automobile and other industries.The unit motor of traditional double salient-pole electric machine uses the 6N/4N electrode structure of internal rotor, and stator poles is 6N, rotor number of poles be 4N, N be natural number, represent unit motor number.Have five phase redundancy windings double salient-pole electric machine by using polyphase windings, after single-phase or many phase fault occur, still can realize certain output, there is higher fault-tolerant ability, be the effective ways improving motor reliability.
In current existing technology, the double salient-pole electric machine for three-phase 6N/4N structure of most study.Also there are some other new-type double salient-pole electric machine researchs, the such as Chinese invention patent of Application No. 200810024684: five phase 10k/8Nk structure biconvex pole fault tolerant electricity generators, stator poles is 10k, rotor number of poles is 8Nk, wherein N is the natural number in addition to the multiple of 5 and 5, stator poles is away from for 2N times of stator poles arc length, and the arc length of rotor pole is equal to or more than the arc length of stator poles.
The paper " five mutually fault-tolerant electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine failure tolerances are analyzed " that " Proceedings of the CSEE " the 24th phase in 2013 delivers, this paper indicates that five phase Fielding-winding doubly salient generator have preferable failure tolerance, is suitable for the wind-driven generator higher to reliability requirement.The object of study of this paper is the 10/8 mutually fault-tolerant electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine in pole five, the each Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of this motor is across 5 stator poles coilings, cause each phase magnetic circuit reluctance size unequal, the electromotive force size of the most each phase is the most inconsistent, and each emf phase emulating in paper and testing shows this feature.Further, since the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine and armature winding are all located on stator, the stator slot area that therefore winding takies is relatively big, which has limited winding wire diameter, adds the electric current density of copper cash, causes winding copper loss bigger.The pole embrace reducing stator can increase stator slot area, thus can reduce the electric current density of enamel-covered wire.Owing to the pole embrace of rotor determines the inductance characteristic curve of double salient-pole electric machine, pole embrace is retrained by number of poles again, it is impossible to arbitrarily select.Motor will be caused to produce location torque and excitation back-emf if pole embrace design is improper.Accordingly, it would be desirable to propose a kind of novel low pole embrace motor on the basis of the parameters such as further investigation double salient-pole electric machine number of poles, pole embrace are to motor characteristic affecting laws.
Not yet retrieve 10i/12i pole five phase double salient-pole electric machine involved in the present invention both at home and abroad at present.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is the defect for background technology, it is provided that the 10i/12i pole five phase double salient-pole electric machine that a kind of each phase inductance amplitude is equal in magnitude, stator slot space is big, copper wastage is low, fault freedom is good, reliability is high.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the following technical solutions:
A kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines, including rotor core, axle, stator core, magnet exciting coil, armature coil and motor casing, described motor casing is provided with bearing, and described axle is fixed on motor casing by described bearing, and described rotor core is fixing on the shaft；
The stator poles of described stator core is 10i, the rotor number of poles of rotor core be 12i, i be the integral multiple natural number of 2 or 3, described stator core and rotor core all use salient pole type structure；
When 10i can be divided exactly by 8, often across one magnet exciting coil of 4 stator poles coilings in stator core, when 10i can be divided exactly by 6, often across one magnet exciting coil of 3 stator poles coilings in stator core, when 10i can be divided exactly by 4 but can not be divided exactly by 8, often across one magnet exciting coil of 2 stator poles coilings in stator core, the magnetic direction that adjacent magnet exciting coil produces is contrary；
Described armature coil uses centralized winding method to be wound in the stator poles of stator core, forms a phase armature winding, 72 ° of electrical angles of the phase of each phase armature winding after the series connection of synchronous armature coil；
The coiling direction of described armature winding is consistent with the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of institute's linkage；
The pole embrace of described stator core is 0.333, and the pole embrace of described rotor core is 0.4 or 0.5.
As a kind of five further prioritization schemes of phase double salient-pole electric machine of the present invention, described magnet exciting coil is replaced by permanent magnet, and the magnetic direction that each permanent magnet produces is identical with the magnetic direction that corresponding magnet exciting coil produces.
The present invention uses above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
1. there are five phase windings, 72 ° of electrical angles of each phase phase, externally export electric current while that synchronization having heterogeneous, there is higher fault-tolerant ability；
2. there is non-brushing structure and stablizing of output voltage can be realized by regulation exciting current；
3., compared with traditional 10/8 pole five phase Fielding-winding doubly salient generator, each phase inductance amplitude is equal in magnitude, it is achieved that the current-sharing of each phase；
4., under identical volume, generator unit stator slot space of the present invention is big, and armature winding internal resistance is little, and copper wastage is low；
5. rotor number of poles is many, and low speed power generation performance is good, is particularly suitable as the low-speed direct driving wind-driven generator higher to reliability requirement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is drawing in side sectional elevation when a kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines employing electrical excitation windings of the present invention and i=3；
Fig. 2 is drawing in side sectional elevation when a kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines employing electrical excitation windings of the present invention and i=4；
Fig. 3 be a kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machine rotor pole arc coefficients of the present invention be five emf phase oscillograms when 0.4；
Fig. 4 be a kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machine rotor pole arc coefficients of the present invention be five phase magnetic linkage figures when 0.4；
Fig. 5 is that a kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines of the present invention are connected figure as armature winding, commutator during generator operation with load；
Fig. 6 is that a kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines of the present invention are connected figure as armature winding during motor running with inverter.
In figure, 1, rotor core；2, axle；3, stator core；4, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection；5, A phase armature winding；6, B phase armature winding；7, C phase armature winding；8, D phase armature winding；9, E phase armature winding.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings technical scheme is described in further detail:
The invention discloses a kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines, including rotor core, axle, stator core, magnet exciting coil, armature coil and motor casing, described motor casing is provided with bearing, and described axle is fixed on motor casing by described bearing, and described rotor core is fixing on the shaft；
The stator poles of described stator core is 10i, the rotor number of poles of rotor core be 12i, i be the integral multiple natural number of 2 or 3, described stator core and rotor core all use salient pole type structure；
When 10i can be divided exactly by 8, often across one magnet exciting coil of 4 stator poles coilings in stator core, when 10i can be divided exactly by 6, often across one magnet exciting coil of 3 stator poles coilings in stator core, when 10i can be divided exactly by 4 but can not be divided exactly by 8, often across one magnet exciting coil of 2 stator poles coilings in stator core, the magnetic direction that adjacent magnet exciting coil produces is contrary；
Described armature coil uses centralized winding method to be wound in the stator poles of stator core, forms a phase armature winding, 72 ° of electrical angles of the phase of each phase armature winding after the series connection of synchronous armature coil；
The coiling direction of described armature winding is consistent with the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of institute's linkage；
The pole embrace of described stator core is 0.333, and the pole embrace of described rotor core is 0.4 or 0.5.
Preferably i is the integral multiple of 3.
As it is shown in figure 1, during i=3, the stator core of described motor and rotor core use salient pole type structure and stator poles to be 10i=30, and rotor number of poles is 12i=36, and stator pole embrace is 0.333, and rotor pole arc coefficient is 0.4；nullMagnet exciting coil and the armature coil of described motor are all located on stator，Owing to 30 can be divided exactly by 6，The most each magnet exciting coil is across 3 stator poles coilings，The coiling of adjacent magnet exciting coil is in opposite direction，Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is formed after magnet exciting coil serial or parallel connection，The armature coil of coiling in stator poles uses centralized winding method,Coiling direction is consistent with the magnet exciting coil of institute's linkage，Synchronous armature coil A1、A2、A3、A4、A phase armature winding is formed after A5 and A6 series connection，Synchronous armature coil B1、B2、B3、B4、B phase armature winding is formed after B5 and B6 series connection，Synchronous armature coil C1、C2、C3、C4、C phase armature winding is formed after C5 and C6 series connection，Synchronous armature coil D1、D2、D3、D4、D phase armature winding is formed after D5 and D6 series connection，Synchronous armature coil E1、E2、E3、E4、E phase armature winding is formed after E5 and E6 series connection，72 ° of electrical angles of each phase phase.
Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is wound in stator core by electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine, it is achieved that the non-brushing of excitation.Aliving on motor excitation winding, now can set up magnetic field at motor internal, the magnetic flux of generation will form closed-loop path through the stator yoke of each phase, stator teeth, air-gap, rotor teeth portion, rotor yoke.
Rotor rotates under the effect of external force in certain direction, and the magnetic linkage of five phase armature winding linkages changes along with rotor-position and changes, thus produces the induced potential of five phase alternations.When it is as DC generator, supplies various electrical loads by five external phase full-bridge converter rectification DC power outputs or charge to accumulator.
Owing to having five phase windings when described motor is as generator operation, electric current is externally exported the while that synchronization having heterogeneous, when a wherein phase occur open fault or caused by short-circuit fuse open fault time, remaining each phase still possesses certain voltage fan-out capability, therefore has higher fault freedom.Different from traditional 10/8 pole five phase Fielding-winding doubly salient generator, the each magnet exciting coil of this wind-driven generator is around being not about 5 stator poles coilings, the most each armature coil is different relative to the position of magnet exciting coil, the equal of each phase inductance amplitude is achieved, so that each phase current more equalizes after the series connection of each armature coil.
If installing position sensor to described motor, and pass to different electric currents to each phase winding according to the direction of each opposite potential, then motor can also be with motor-operation, and its control principle is similar with traditional double salient-pole machine.
Fig. 2 is drawing in side sectional elevation when 10i/12i pole five of the present invention phase double salient-pole electric machine employing electrical excitation winding and i=4.The stator of motor and rotor use salient pole type structure and stator poles to be 10i=40, and rotor number of poles is 12i=48.Owing to 40 can be divided exactly by 8, the most each magnet exciting coil is across 4 stator poles coilings, and stator pole embrace is 0.333, and rotor pole arc coefficient is 0.4.In like manner, it is also possible to the rotor number of poles of the embodiment releasing i=2 is 20/16, each magnet exciting coil is across 2 stator poles coilings, but the copper material that this generator excitation winding consumes is many, and therefore use value is not as Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is across the embodiment of 3 or 4 stator poles coilings.
Fig. 3 be 10i/12i pole five of the present invention phase double salient-pole electric machine rotor pole arc coefficient be five emf phase oscillograms when 0.4.Can be seen that 72 ° of electrical angles of each phase phase, and each emf phase amplitude is in the same size.
Fig. 4 be 10i/12i pole five of the present invention phase double salient-pole electric machine rotor pole arc coefficient be five phase magnetic linkage figures when 0.4.Can be seen that between each phase magnetic linkage 72 ° of electrical angles of difference, and variation tendency and amplitude in the same size.
Fig. 5 is that 10i/12i pole five of the present invention phase double salient-pole electric machine is connected figure as armature winding, commutator during generator operation with load.Five phase windings use star connection, externally export unidirectional current after five phase full-bridge rectification bridge rectifications.In order to improve trouble isolation serviceability, it would however also be possible to employ five H bridge commutators are to externally output in parallel again after five phase current rectifications.
Fig. 6 is that 10i/12i pole five of the present invention phase double salient-pole electric machine is connected figure as armature winding during motor running with inverter.In order to improve trouble isolation serviceability, use five H bridge inverters respectively to five phase winding energisings, make motor externally export torque.
Described magnet exciting coil can be replaced by permanent magnet, and the magnetic direction that each permanent magnet produces should be identical with the magnetic direction that corresponding magnet exciting coil produces.
It is to be noted; the above; it is only the detailed description of the invention of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any those familiar with the art is in the technical scope that the invention discloses; the variations and alternatives that can readily occur in, all should contain within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with described scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. a phase double salient-pole electric machine, including rotor core, axle, stator core, magnet exciting coil, armature coil and motor casing, described motor casing is provided with bearing, and described axle is fixed on motor casing by described bearing, described rotor core is fixing on the shaft, it is characterised in that:
The stator poles of described stator core is 10i, the rotor number of poles of rotor core be 12i, i be the integral multiple natural number of 2 or 3, described stator core and rotor core all use salient pole type structure；
In stator core, the winding method of magnet exciting coil is as follows:
First, when 10i can be divided exactly by 8, often across one magnet exciting coil of 4 stator poles coilings in stator core；
Secondly, when 10i can be divided exactly by 6, often across one magnet exciting coil of 3 stator poles coilings in stator core；
Finally, when 10i can be divided exactly by 4 but can not be divided exactly by 8, often across one magnet exciting coil of 2 stator poles coilings in stator core；
The magnetic direction that in stator core, adjacent magnet exciting coil produces is contrary；
Described armature coil uses centralized winding method to be wound in the stator poles of stator core, forms a phase armature winding, 72 ° of electrical angles of the phase of each phase armature winding after the series connection of synchronous armature coil；
The coiling direction of described armature winding is consistent with the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of institute's linkage；
The pole embrace of described stator core is 0.333, and the pole embrace of described rotor core is 0.4 or 0.5.
A kind of five phase double salient-pole electric machines the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described magnet exciting coil is replaced by permanent magnet, the magnetic direction that each permanent magnet produces is identical with the magnetic direction that corresponding magnet exciting coil produces.
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| CN103812294B true CN103812294B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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| CN104600881B (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2017-01-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Motor for directly driving electric drum |
| CN106374662A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏申港电磁线有限公司 | 2MW flux-switching type doubly-salient electro-magnetic wind power coil and manufacturing technology thereof |
| CN106655688B (en) * | 2017-01-14 | 2019-01-15 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of reluctance motor that edge effect offsets each other |
| CN106655676B (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2018-09-04 | 山东理工大学 | Five mutually fault-tolerant automobile current generators being respectively isolated |
| CN107681802B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2024-01-12 | 泰豪科技股份有限公司 | Five-phase generator and power generation system |
| WO2020092522A1 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | Optiphase Drive Systems, Inc. | Electric machine with permanent magnet rotor |
| CN110365131B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-05-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | Three-phase symmetric electro-magnetic doubly salient motor |
| CN110323853A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-11 | 上海电力大学 | The five fault-tolerant electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machines of phase 5N/4N Polar armature excitation distributing |
| CN112636490B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2023-04-28 | 上海电力大学 | Three-phase 24/14-pole distributed electro-magnetic doubly salient wind driven generator |
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| CN100585987C (en) * | 2008-03-26 | 2010-01-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Direct-driving electric excitation double-salient pole fault-tolerance aerogenerator |
| CN201910679U (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-07-27 | 上海电机学院 | Permanent magnetic outer rotor double-salient-pole motor |
| CN103187846B (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2015-04-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Four-phase and double-salient brushless direct current motor with symmetrical phase inductances |
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