CN103807421B - Gearbox operating mechanism and automobile - Google Patents

Gearbox operating mechanism and automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103807421B
CN103807421B CN201210448716.9A CN201210448716A CN103807421B CN 103807421 B CN103807421 B CN 103807421B CN 201210448716 A CN201210448716 A CN 201210448716A CN 103807421 B CN103807421 B CN 103807421B
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China
Prior art keywords
shift
rocking arm
gear
selecting
gearbox
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CN201210448716.9A
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CN103807421A (en
Inventor
丁盛
陈祥
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Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
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Beiqi Foton Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201210448716.9A priority Critical patent/CN103807421B/en
Publication of CN103807421A publication Critical patent/CN103807421A/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H59/00Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/02Selector apparatus
    • F16H59/0278Constructional features of the selector lever, e.g. grip parts, mounting or manufacturing

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of gearbox operating mechanism and automobile, operating mechanism includes the shifter assembly being arranged on bottom plate of driving cab, it is arranged on the shift bar on shifter assembly, shift bar one end connects control crank, the other end connects gear selecting connecting rod and gear shift connecting rod, gear selecting connecting rod and gear shift connecting rod side by side and connects gearbox gear-shift pulling axis by shift selecting rocking arm and gear shifting rocking arm respectively;It is provided with spring support on gearbox body, regulation spring is set between spring support and shift selecting rocking arm.The present invention is by being arranged on spring support on gearbox body, regulation spring is fixed between spring support and shift selecting rocking arm, the installation achieving regulation spring is not affected by part position on bottom plate of driving cab during entrucking, the two ends of regulation spring are each attached on automobile frame, its position is the most accurately arranged, can effectively ensure that the initial elongation amount of regulation spring, it is achieved the regulation spring active balance to gearbox operating mechanism gear selecting equilibrant force.

Description

Gearbox operating mechanism and automobile
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicular field, particularly relate to a kind of gearbox operating mechanism and automobile.
Background technology
At present in terms of gearbox gear-shift manipulation, have and directly handle and two kinds of forms of indirect operation.Directly handling is directly to be connected with transmission internal gear shift pulling axis by shift bar, directly controls transforming gear in gearbox by controlling shift bar.Indirect operation is to arrange connecting rod and gear shifting rocking arm between shift bar and gear shift pulling axis, connecting rod two ends are connected with shift bar and gear shifting rocking arm respectively, gear shifting rocking arm is connected with gear shift pulling axis, the transmission of power is carried out, it is achieved by handling shift bar to reach the purpose of transforming gear in gearbox by connecting rod and gear shifting rocking arm.
During manipulation of physical, before and after the shift selecting rocking arm part of gearbox indirect operation, gear selecting power is uneven, is found by actual measurement on shift selecting rocking arm, select 5, R shelves time (gear shifting rocking arm moves towards headstock), power size is 76N;When selecting 1,2 grades (motion of gear shifting rocking arm facing tailstock), power size is 0N;Feeding back to, on the control crank that is connected with shift bar, result in driver's gear selecting power uneven, feel is bad.
By adding a regulation spring on operating mechanism in prior art, regulation spring initial elongation is a certain amount of, gear selecting power before and after balance.For ensureing that regulation spring is initially elongation state, bottom plate of driving cab welds a spring support and is used for fixing regulation spring, referring specifically to shown in Fig. 1, before not loading regulation spring, former operating mechanism includes the shifter assembly 9 being arranged in driver's cabin, on described shifter assembly 9, shift bar 11 is set, shift bar 11 one end connects control crank 10, the other end connects gear selecting connecting rod 4 and gear shift connecting rod 5, gear selecting connecting rod 4 is connected with shift selecting rocking arm 1, gear shift connecting rod 5 is connected with gear shifting rocking arm 2, shift selecting rocking arm 1 and gear shifting rocking arm 2 are simultaneously connected with the gear shift pulling axis of gearbox, the position of gear shift pulling axis can refer to the position rough estimate of gearbox body 3 in figure, by control crank 10 is operated, by means of shift bar, connecting rod and shift selecting rocking arm, realize transforming gear in gearbox.In order to balance before and after's gear selecting power, welding spring support 7 on bottom plate of driving cab 8, regulation spring 6 two ends connect spring support 7 and shifter assembly 9 respectively.
Above-mentioned regulation spring 6 structure is set, spring support 7 is welded on bottom plate of driving cab 8, and its relative position is easily affected by welding procedure, vehicle body sheet metal dimensioned error own.In a word, existing balance gear selecting power mode is affected bigger by other spare parts logistics of vehicle body, particularly as follows: owing to regulation spring 6 two ends connect shifter assembly 9 and spring support 7 respectively, shifter assembly 9 is fixed in driver's cabin, original state is neutral gear, and relative position is affected by gearbox installation site, shifter assembly 9 installation site;Spring support 7 is welded on bottom plate of driving cab 8, and relative position is affected by base plate size.When being linked into regulation spring 6 between spring support 7 and shifter assembly 9, affected by the welding position of spring support 7 and the installation site of follow-up shifter assembly 9, the initial elongation amount of regulation spring 6 is it cannot be guaranteed that identical with design load, and the effect of regulation spring 6 cannot obtain effective guarantee.
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is how to realize regulating the spring active balance to gearbox operating mechanism gear selecting equilibrant force.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of gearbox operating mechanism, including: the shifter assembly being arranged on bottom plate of driving cab, it is arranged on the shift bar on described shifter assembly, described shift bar one end connects control crank, the other end connects gear selecting connecting rod and gear shift connecting rod side by side, and described gear selecting connecting rod and gear shift connecting rod connect gearbox gear-shift pulling axis by shift selecting rocking arm and gear shifting rocking arm respectively;It is provided with mounting bracket on gearbox body, between described mounting bracket and shift selecting rocking arm, elastomeric element is set, described elastomeric element initial state between described mounting bracket and shift selecting rocking arm is stretching state, and the pulling force of described elastomeric element is perpendicular to the component of described shift selecting rocking arm and is designated as F0.
Wherein, described shift selecting rocking arm offering the first installing hole, one end of described elastomeric element is arranged in described first installing hole;Offering the second installing hole in described mounting bracket, the other end of described elastomeric element is arranged in described second installing hole.
Wherein, described shift selecting rocking arm is Long Circle, the two ends of its arc-shaped offer the first through hole and second through hole of circle respectively, and described shift selecting rocking arm is connected with described gear selecting connecting rod by described first through hole, is connected with described gearbox gear-shift pulling axis by described second through hole.
Wherein, described first installing hole is arranged near described first through hole.
Wherein, when described operating mechanism is in original state, and the most described shift selecting rocking arm is in neutral state, when described shift selecting rocking arm moves forwards or backwards gear selecting at described first installing hole, minimum gear selecting pulling force is designated as F1, F1=2F0.
Wherein, during described shift selecting rocking arm the reached the limit of position of rearward movement gear selecting, the pulling force of described regulation spring is perpendicular to the component of described shift selecting rocking arm and is designated as F2;Described shift selecting rocking arm travel forward gear selecting reached the limit of position time, the pulling force of described regulation spring is perpendicular to the component of described shift selecting rocking arm and is designated as F3, F2-F0=F0-F3.
Wherein, described spring support includes that orthogonal first installing plate and the second installing plate, described first installing plate are fixed on described gearbox body, and described second installing plate is offered described second installing hole.
Present invention also offers a kind of automobile, it includes the gearbox operating mechanism described in any of the above-described item.
(3) beneficial effect
Gearbox operating mechanism that technique scheme is provided and corresponding automobile, by spring support being arranged on gearbox body, regulation spring is fixed between spring support and shift selecting rocking arm, the installation achieving regulation spring is not affected by part position on bottom plate of driving cab during entrucking, the two ends of regulation spring are each attached on automobile frame, its position is the most accurately arranged, can effectively ensure that the initial elongation amount of regulation spring, it is achieved the regulation spring active balance to gearbox operating mechanism gear selecting equilibrant force.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of gearbox operating mechanism in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1 gearbox operating mechanism;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of shift selecting rocking arm in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of spring support in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of shift selecting rocking arm rearward movement gear selecting in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 6 is force analysis figure during shift selecting rocking arm rearward movement gear selecting;
Fig. 7 is force analysis figure during shift selecting rocking arm rearward movement gear selecting;
Fig. 8 is that in the embodiment of the present invention 1, shift selecting rocking arm travels forward the schematic diagram of gear selecting;
Fig. 9 be shift selecting rocking arm travel forward gear selecting time force analysis figure.
Wherein, 1: shift selecting rocking arm;2: gear shifting rocking arm;3: gearbox body;4: gear selecting connecting rod;5: gear shift connecting rod;6: regulation spring;7: spring support;8: bottom plate of driving cab;9: shifter assembly;10: control crank;11: shift bar;71: the first installing plates;72: the second installing plates;101: the first installing holes;102: the second installing holes;103: fixing hole;104: the first through holes;105: the second through holes.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail.Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, being described as a example by the design being moved forward and backward in prior art routine of shift selecting rocking arm, particularly as follows: travel forward as towards headstock spor ts choice 5, R shelves, rearward movement is facing tailstock spor ts choice 1,2 grades.Certainly, the set-up mode of the gearbox operating mechanism of the present embodiment is not exclusively confined to above-mentioned setting, it is also possible to be designed as shift selecting rocking arm travel forward selection 1,2 grades, rearward movement select 5, R shelves, its specific implementation is similar to following.
Fig. 2 shows the structural representation of the present embodiment gearbox operating mechanism, this operating mechanism includes the shifter assembly 9 being arranged on bottom plate of driving cab 8, it is arranged on the shift bar 11 on described shifter assembly 9, described shift bar 11 one end connects control crank 10, the other end connects gear selecting connecting rod 4 and gear shift connecting rod 5 side by side, and described gear selecting connecting rod 4 and gear shift connecting rod 5 connect gearbox gear-shift pulling axis by shift selecting rocking arm 1 and gear shifting rocking arm 2 respectively.In the present embodiment, by arranging spring support 7 on gearbox body 3 as mounting bracket, regulation spring 6 is set between described spring support 7 and shift selecting rocking arm 1 as elastomeric element, realize regulating the spring 6 balance to operating mechanism gear selecting power, the regulation spring 6 initial state between described spring support 7 and shift selecting rocking arm 1 is stretching state, and the pulling force of described regulation spring 6 is perpendicular to the component of described shift selecting rocking arm 1 and is designated as F0.
Specifically, with reference to shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, described shift selecting rocking arm 1 is Long Circle, the two ends of its arc-shaped offer the first through hole 104 and the second through hole 105 of circle respectively, described shift selecting rocking arm 1 is connected with described gear selecting connecting rod 4 by described first through hole 104, is connected with described gearbox gear-shift pulling axis by described second through hole 105;On described shift selecting rocking arm 1, described first through hole 104 being provided with the first installing hole 101, one end of described regulation spring 6 is arranged in described first installing hole 101.Described spring support 7 includes orthogonal first installing plate 71 and the second installing plate 72, described first installing plate 71 is fixed on described gearbox body 3, offering the second installing hole 102 on described second installing plate 72, the other end of described regulation spring 6 is arranged in described second installing hole 102.
For realizing the regulation spring 6 balance to operating mechanism berth-changing strength, when described operating mechanism is in original state, when the most described shift selecting rocking arm 1 is in neutral state, described shift selecting rocking arm 1 travel forward at described first installing hole 101 gear selecting time minimum gear selecting pulling force be designated as the half that F1, F0 are F1.This arranges role: operating mechanism in a state of nature time, regulation spring 6 has initial elongation amount, pulling force produced by this initial elongation amount is perpendicular to the component of described shift selecting rocking arm 1 and is F0, existence because of this power, when operating mechanism is in initial position, the power that shift selecting rocking arm 1 travels forward required for gear selecting is F0;F0 is the half of F1, it is capable of operating mechanism when being in initial position, power required for shift selecting rocking arm 1 rearward movement gear selecting is F1-F0=F0, therefore, it is possible to realize operating mechanism when being in initial position, the shift selecting rocking arm 1 power forward, required for rearward movement gear selecting is equal, tentatively realizes operating mechanism gear selecting dynamic balance.
Further, when setting described shift selecting rocking arm 1 the reached the limit of position of rearward movement gear selecting, the pulling force of described regulation spring 6 is perpendicular to the component of described shift selecting rocking arm 1 and is designated as F2;Described shift selecting rocking arm 1 travel forward gear selecting reached the limit of position time, the pulling force of described regulation spring 6 is perpendicular to the component of described shift selecting rocking arm 1 and is designated as F3, F2-F0=F0-F3.This arranges role: during shift selecting rocking arm 1 rearward movement gear selecting, needs to overcome the pulling force of regulation regulation spring 6, this gear selecting to operate when reaching capacity position, and F2 is the power that driver needs to be applied by gear selecting;Shift selecting rocking arm 1 travel forward gear selecting time, because regulation spring 6 has initial elongation amount, now the pulling force of regulation spring 6 plays power-assisted effect, the pulling force of regulation spring 6 is perpendicular to the component F3 of described shift selecting rocking arm 1 and is power-assisted, because of shift selecting rocking arm 1 travel forward at described first installing hole 101 gear selecting time minimum gear selecting pulling force be F1, so now needing driver is F1-F3 by the power that gear selecting is applied, when F2-F0=F0-F3, can learn that the power that shift selecting rocking arm 1 is applied at different gear selection position is identical, it is achieved that the balance of operating mechanism gear selecting power.
For realizing said structure and function, introduce the setting of regulation spring 6 below with a concrete example.
First, the structure about shift selecting rocking arm 1 is arranged.With reference to shown in Fig. 3, on oblong shift selecting rocking arm 1, distance between the center of circle and the center of circle of the second through hole 105 of the first through hole 104 is 100mm, and the distance between the projection on shift selecting rocking arm 1 length direction of the center of circle of the first installing hole 101 and the center of circle of the second through hole 105 is 80mm;For adapting to the needs of regulation spring 6 mounting hook, the internal diameter of the first installing hole 101 is set to φ 4, and the distance on the distance long limit, shift selecting rocking arm 1 side, the center of circle of the first installing hole 101 is 10mm.At the first through hole 104 of shift selecting rocking arm 1, recording and pulling the minimum force of shift selecting rocking arm 1 is 76N, and now the radius of gyration with the second through hole 105 as the centre of gyration is as 100mm;In the first installing hole 101 position, the radius of gyration is 80mm, according to Newton's law, shift selecting rocking arm 1 lowest pull F1=76N herein × 100mm ÷ 80mm=95N.
Secondly, about the selection of regulation spring 6, select spring constant k=2N/mm, spring original length 173mm.For balance gear selecting power, spring is in elongation state all the time, regulates spring 6 amount of tension Δ x=33mm during original state.
Fig. 5 shows that shift selecting rocking arm 1 rearward movement selects to regulate spring 6 when 1,2 grades and is in the schematic diagram of pulled out condition.As it can be seen, regulating spring 6 pulling force during initial position is F4, when selecting 1,2 grades of extreme positions, regulation spring 6 pulling force is F5.Spring 6 and shift selecting rocking arm 1 center line (the first through hole 104 and circle center line connecting of the second through hole 105 in shift selecting rocking arm 1) angle α=46 ° are regulated during initial position, therefore the pulling force of initial position regulation spring 6 is perpendicular to the component F0=F4 Sin α of described shift selecting rocking arm 1, F4=2N/mm*33mm=66N, so F0=47.5N, as shown in Figure 6.
When selecting 1,2 grades, the pulling force of regulation spring 6 is resistance, gear selecting is L1=17.3mm to shift selecting rocking arm during extreme position 1 displacement, regulation spring 6 and shift selecting rocking arm 1 centerlines α=41 °, regulation spring 6 integrally stretching amount is 50mm, now regulation spring 6 pulling force F5=2N/mm*50mm=100N, the component being perpendicular to shift selecting rocking arm 1 is F2=F5 Sin α=65N, as it is shown in fig. 7, operation when selecting 1,2 grades human pilot need to apply 65N power and could promote shift selecting rocking arm 1.
Fig. 8 show shift selecting rocking arm 1 travel forward selection 5, R shelves time regulation spring 6 be in the schematic diagram of pulled out condition.As shown in the figure, select 5, R shelves time regulation spring 6 pulling force be power-assisted, this stage regulation spring 6 is compressed, it is L2=18mm to displacement backward during extreme position, regulation spring 6 and shift selecting rocking arm 1 centerlines α=56 °, regulation spring 6 integrally stretching amount is 18mm, now regulation spring 6 pulling force F6=2N/mm*18mm=36N, the component being perpendicular to shift selecting rocking arm 1 is F3=F6 Sin α=30N, as shown in Figure 9.Owing to pulling the power of rocking arm to be F1=95N, so human pilot also needs the power applied to be 65N during operation.
As from the foregoing: at initial position, shift selecting rocking arm 1 forward, power required backward be 47.5N;Selecting the power required for 1,2 file locations is 65N, selects 5, power required for R file location is 65N, and gearbox uses this kind of operating mechanism can reach dynamic balance.
Operating mechanism mounting structure according to the present embodiment, gearbox operating mechanism carrys out goods state and ensure that gear selecting power is balance, it is not necessary to the most additionally increase mechanism, need not consider to select welding spring support in position on bottom plate of driving cab;The present embodiment regulates spring easy for installation, choose suitable spring and be linked into rack mounting apertures;Different spring constants chosen by different gearboxes, can accomplish to balance gear selecting power.
Embodiment 2
Present invention also offers a kind of automobile, the automobile of the present embodiment uses the gearbox operating mechanism described in above-described embodiment 1, this automobile can be by regulating arranging position and arranging the improvement of structure of spring in gearbox operating mechanism, realize force when driver carries out gear selecting by operation handle to balance, while improving complete vehicle quality, also be able to improve the comfort level of driver automobile.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and replacement, these improve and replace and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a gearbox operating mechanism, including: it is arranged on changing on bottom plate of driving cab (8) Gear mechanism assembly (9), is arranged on the shift bar (11) on described shifter assembly (9), Described shift bar (11) one end connects control crank (10), and the other end connects gear selecting even side by side Bar (4) and gear shift connecting rod (5), described gear selecting connecting rod (4) and gear shift connecting rod (5) are respectively Gearbox gear-shift pulling axis is connected by shift selecting rocking arm (1) and gear shifting rocking arm (2);Its feature exists In, gearbox body (3) is provided with mounting bracket, described mounting bracket and shift selecting rocking arm (1) arranging elastomeric element between, described elastomeric element is at described mounting bracket and shift selecting rocking arm (1) initial state between is stretching state, and the pulling force of described elastomeric element is perpendicular to described gear selecting The component of rocking arm (1) is designated as F0;
The first installing hole (101), described elastomeric element is offered on described shift selecting rocking arm (1) One end be arranged on described first installing hole (101) in;Is offered in described mounting bracket Two installing holes (102), the other end of described elastomeric element is arranged on described second installing hole (102) In;
When described operating mechanism is in original state, the most described shift selecting rocking arm (1) is in neutral gear During state, described shift selecting rocking arm (1) is at described first installing hole (101) place forward or backward During motion gear selecting, minimum gear selecting pulling force is designated as F1, F1=2F0.
2. gearbox operating mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described choosing Shelves rocking arm (1) are Long Circle, and the two ends of its arc-shaped offer the first through hole of circle respectively (104) and the second through hole (105), described shift selecting rocking arm (1) passes through described first through hole (104) It is connected with described gear selecting connecting rod (4), by described second through hole (105) and described gearbox Gear shift pulling axis connects.
3. gearbox operating mechanism as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described the One installing hole (101) is arranged near described first through hole (104).
4. gearbox operating mechanism as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described bullet Property parts for regulation spring (6), the arrived pole of described shift selecting rocking arm (1) rearward movement gear selecting During extreme position, the pulling force of described regulation spring (6) is perpendicular to dividing of described shift selecting rocking arm (1) Power is designated as F2;Described shift selecting rocking arm (1) travel forward gear selecting reached the limit of position time, institute State the pulling force of regulation spring (6) to be perpendicular to the component of described shift selecting rocking arm (1) and be designated as F3, F2-F0=F0-F3.
5. gearbox operating mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described peace Dress support is spring support (7), and described spring support (7) includes orthogonal first peace Dress plate (71) and the second installing plate (72), described first installing plate (71) is fixed on described On gearbox body (3), described second installing plate (72) offers described second installing hole (102)。
6. an automobile, it is characterised in that include institute any one of the claims 1-5 The gearbox operating mechanism stated.
CN201210448716.9A 2012-11-09 2012-11-09 Gearbox operating mechanism and automobile Active CN103807421B (en)

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CN201210448716.9A CN103807421B (en) 2012-11-09 2012-11-09 Gearbox operating mechanism and automobile

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CN201210448716.9A CN103807421B (en) 2012-11-09 2012-11-09 Gearbox operating mechanism and automobile

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CN103807421A CN103807421A (en) 2014-05-21
CN103807421B true CN103807421B (en) 2016-09-07

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109488756A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-19 安徽华菱汽车有限公司 A kind of flexible axle speed-changing operator and automobile
CN113978704A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-01-28 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 Steering engine installation device

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61143825A (en) * 1984-12-18 1986-07-01 Isuzu Motors Ltd Shift lever locking device of automatic speed change gear
JPH03134367A (en) * 1989-10-20 1991-06-07 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Transmission for vehicle
CN2263598Y (en) * 1996-06-12 1997-10-01 四川开创电子有限公司 Vehicle gearshift
EP1380774A2 (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-14 Textron Inc. Selector system for vehicle
CN201487184U (en) * 2009-08-24 2010-05-26 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Variable speed transmission device
CN201753025U (en) * 2010-07-30 2011-03-02 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Operating mechanism for speed changer

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61143825A (en) * 1984-12-18 1986-07-01 Isuzu Motors Ltd Shift lever locking device of automatic speed change gear
JPH03134367A (en) * 1989-10-20 1991-06-07 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Transmission for vehicle
CN2263598Y (en) * 1996-06-12 1997-10-01 四川开创电子有限公司 Vehicle gearshift
EP1380774A2 (en) * 2002-07-11 2004-01-14 Textron Inc. Selector system for vehicle
CN201487184U (en) * 2009-08-24 2010-05-26 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Variable speed transmission device
CN201753025U (en) * 2010-07-30 2011-03-02 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Operating mechanism for speed changer

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