CN103799985A - Microwave CT device - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种微波CT装置。将微波对被测物某部位按一定厚度的层面进行扫描，由探测器接收探测出透过生物体该层面的微波的渗透值μ和衰减值α。再经模/数转换器转换为数字，输入计算机系统，将扫描收集到的信息数据进行贮存运算及处理，即对选定层面分成若干个体积相同的体素。经计算而获得每个体素的介电常数ε和电导率σ再排列成矩阵。并存贮于磁盘或光盘中。经对比增强器和数字/模拟转换器把数字矩阵中的每个数字转为由黑到白不等灰度的小方块，即象素，并按矩阵排列，即数字矩阵。处理后构成微波CT图像。本发明的微波CT装置，分辨能力强，无损成像，具有较高的安全性，造价低廉，容易推广，适应性强。可广泛应用于医用临床成像及其他领域。
A microwave CT device. The microwave is scanned on a certain part of the measured object at a certain thickness, and the detector receives and detects the penetration value μ and attenuation value α of the microwave that passes through this layer of the organism. Then it is converted into numbers by an analog-to-digital converter and input into the computer system, and the information data collected by scanning is stored, calculated and processed, that is, the selected layer is divided into several voxels with the same volume. The permittivity ε and conductivity σ of each voxel obtained through calculation are then arranged into a matrix. and stored on disk or CD. Through contrast intensifier and digital/analog converter, each number in the digital matrix is converted into small squares with gray scales ranging from black to white, that is, pixels, and arranged in a matrix, that is, a digital matrix. Microwave CT images are formed after processing. The microwave CT device of the present invention has strong resolving power, non-destructive imaging, high safety, low cost, easy popularization and strong adaptability. It can be widely used in medical clinical imaging and other fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave CT imaging technique, refer to especially a kind of device that can realize to the muscle in soft tissue, fat and so on permeability to microwave and the visibly different tissue of Decay Rate microwave CT low-power detection imaging.
Background technology
At present, medical and clinical imaging field is mainly X ray CT, nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR CT and ultrasound computed tomography.Although these CT have advantages of separately, have obvious shortcoming, as to human body radiation harm, it is found that and use X ray to cause patient's alopecia, skin burn, staff's visual disorder, the problem of the radiohazards such as leukemia; Can manage it expensive etc.This microwave CT device of the present invention has following advantage compared with X ray CT, nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR CT, ultrasound computed tomography: the electrical conductivity that 1, depends primarily on tissue due to the absorption of microwave, for this reason, with x-ray, CT compares, and this microwave CT has more identification ability to the muscle in soft tissue, fat and so on the visibly different tissue of electrical conductivity; 2, because the difference of the Microwave Attenuation Constant of cancerous tissue and normal structure is far longer than the poor of X-ray absorption coefficient, this microwave CT is more easily told cancerous tissue compared with X ray CT; 3,, compared with ultrasound computed tomography, because ultrasound wave decay in the many tissues of air is very large, generally can not obtain lung internal image, and the aerial decay of microwave is very little, easily obtains lung internal image; 4, its technology of microwave imaging comes from mechanics of communication, adopts low-power probe radiation, belongs to Non-ionizing radiation, has stronger damagingly unlike X ray, belongs to noninvasive imaging, has higher safety; 5,, compared with nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR, except having the safety of noninvasive imaging, it cheap, easily promotes.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a kind of microwave CT device, to solve the shortcoming in above-mentioned background technology.
Technical problem solved by the invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of microwave CT device, comprises microwave tube, waveguide, μ detector, alpha detection device, gantry, A/D converter, computer system, contrast booster, D/A converter, display, photographing unit.
Sweep test is made up of microwave tube, waveguide, detector and gantry; Microwave is scanned by certain thickness aspect measured object a part, under selected scan mode (translation/rotation, rotation/rotation, rotation/fixing and spiral).Received the osmotic value μ and the pad value α that detect through the microwave of this aspect of organism by detector.Be converted to numeral through analog/digital converter again, input computer system, the information data that scanning is collected is stored computing; The processing that computer forms image is just like selected aspect is divided into the cuboid that several volumes are identical (voxel).
The DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε that scanning gained information obtains each voxel as calculated rearranges into matrix with conductivityσ.And be stored in disk or CD.Through contrast booster and digital/analog converter, the each numeral in character matrix is transferred to by the black blockage to the white gray scale such as not, i.e. pixel, and press matrix arrangement, i.e. character matrix.After processing, form microwave CT image.Image is presented on television screen.
In the present invention, the power that microwave tube produces meets microwave CT imaging requirements and is human body firm power density.
In the present invention, described gantry can be freely flexible, and scan mode can be used translation/rotation, rotation/rotation, rotation/fixing and spiral way.
In the present invention, microwave tube generates the microwave frequency of the 8～20GHz scope that is suitable for imaging in biological tissues.
In the present invention, A/D converter adopts a ADAS1128,128 passages, 24 digit current numeral analog-digital converters (ADC).Built-in 128 low-power consumption, low noise, low input current integrator, synchronized sampling keep, have two high speeds, the high resolution A/D C of configurable sampling rate and the highest 24 bit resolutions.All ALT-CH alternate channel results are all exported on a LVDS self-clock serial line interface, can reduce external hardware.The compatible serial line interface of SPI can be realized the configuration that ADC adopts SDI to input.SDO output allows several ADC to be connected in a three-wire type bus with daisy chain form.It adopts independent current source VIO, can reduce the digital noise impact on conversion.ADAS1128 adopts the small-sized BGA encapsulation of 10mmx10mm.
In the present invention, computer system processor and infiltration coefficient, attenuation quotient, dielectric constant and the electrical conductivity of calculating each voxel.And be transformed to character matrix.
In the present invention, D/A converter adopts a AD5791 single channel, 20, without buffer voltagc output DAC, adopts the bipolar power supply power supply of the highest 33V.Positive benchmark input voltage range is 5V to VDD-2.5V, and negative reference voltage input range is VSS+2.5V to 0V.Relative accuracy maximum is ± 1LSB, guarantees job note tonality, and DNL (DNL) maximum is ± 1LSB.And adopt multi-functional three-wire type serial line interface, can be with the clock rate work of the highest 35MHz, and with standard SPI, QSPI
tM, MICROWIRE
tM, dsp interface standard compatibility.Its built-in electrify restoration circuit, guarantees to export 0V to and keep known output impedance state after DAC powers on, until this device is carried out once to effectively write operation.Output clamp characteristic can be placed in output defined load condition.
In the present invention, display employing model is MYC-2010; Screen size is 408x306mm; Screen diagonal is 20.1 "; Visible angle is 170 ° of H/V; Normal brightness is 300cd/m2; Original resolution is 1600*1200/1200*1600; Pixel is apart from 0.270 (H) * 0.270 (V) mm; Overall dimensions 355x460x65mm and 30bit color, meet the requirement of dicom standard GTG explicit function.
In the present invention, photographing unit adopts the imaging of CT dry laser camera scanning.Print resolution is greater than 508DPI; Output image GTG is greater than 14BIT.
In the present invention, described fixture is screw, nuts and bolt.
Beneficial effect: microwave CT device of the present invention, resolution capability is strong, and noninvasive imaging has higher safety, cheap, easily promotes strong adaptability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 microwave CT device schematic diagram
Fig. 2 scans aspect voxel and pixel
Fig. 3 character matrix
The CT of Fig. 4 soma value (Hu)
Fig. 5 A/D converter ADAS1128 functional block diagram
Fig. 6 D/A converter AD5791 functional block diagram
Wherein: 1 power power-supply, 2 microwave tubes, 3 waveguides, 4 gantrys, 5 μ detectors, 6 alpha detection devices, 7 A/D converters, 8 computer systems, 9 contrast booster, 10 D/A converters, 11 display, 12 photographing units, 13 scanning aspect voxels, 14 scanning aspect pixels, 15 character matrixs, 16 pixel character matrixs, 17 CT of soma value (Hu) scales, 18 air bodies organize CT value (Hu) 19 fat-bodies to organize CT value (Hu), 20 water bodys are organized CT value (Hu), the 21 source of disease body CT of soma value (Hu) signals, 22 CT of skeleton soma values (Hu).
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth patent of the present invention.
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, microwave CT device is fixed on gantry 4, and gantry, also can translation and rotation except rising fixation.Sweep test is made up of power power-supply 1, microwave tube 2, waveguide 3, μ detector 5, alpha detection device 6; Microwave tube generates the microwave frequency (2 π f=ω) of the 8～20GHz scope that is suitable for imaging in biological tissues.Microwave is scanned by certain thickness aspect measured object a part, and structural design makes scan mode can use translation/rotation, rotation/rotation, rotation/fixing and spiral way.When concrete employing from the easier to the more advanced.Receive and detect osmotic value μ and pad value α through the microwave of this aspect of organism by detector, according to survey need to be designed to 4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18, more than 20 detector set.In figure, drawn 4 detectors and be the schematic diagram of a group, the osmotic value μ and the pad value α that survey change through analog/digital converter again.
A/D converter 7 is completed by ADAS1128 electric current/digital converter chip, take 24 digit currents/digital converter, make high-layer CT system catch real-time mobile picture signal with high accuracy and abundant information amount, and can process a large amount of signals, the dynamic range that tool is vast and the linearity, very high sampling rate, size is little, low in energy consumption.Device provides 128 data ALT-CH alternate channels, and speed is brought up to 20kSPS from 6kSPS (hits per second), and the port number of its support is 4 times (128 to 32) of existing any integrated transducer solution.Under full-speed state, the power (4.5 milliwatts/passage) that ADAS1128 consumes is less than the half of other solution (10 milliwatts/passage).It can also provide superior overall performance specification, as selected and ultra-low noise without loss of charge, more full range.
ADAS1128 electric current/digital converter, by the digital signal converting to.Input computer system 8, stores computing by information data; The processing that computer forms image is just like selected aspect is divided into the cuboid that several volumes are identical (voxel).Solve DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε and the conductivityσ of each voxel according to two formula below
The DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε that scanning gained information obtains each voxel as calculated rearranges into character matrix with conductivityσ.Can be stored in disk or CD.Be sent to digital/analog converter 10 through contrast booster 9.
D/A converter 10 is completed by AD5791, is a single channel, 20, Voltage-output type DAC.For realizing HDR, this device must adopt high power supply voltage work, because supply voltage is higher, more easily away from making an uproar at the end.Therefore, the scope of its supply voltage VDD is 7.5V to 16.5V, and the scope of VCC is-and 7.5V is to-16.5V.The framework of this DAC is made up of the voltage mode R2R ladder network of a calibration.Can provide outstanding matching capacity and degree of stability for the film resistor that builds transducer kernel.For realizing high linearity, R2R resistor ladder is divided into two sections.14 R2R ladder networks produce low 14 (SO to S13).6 of its reinforcements of 20 digit numeric codes are used for driving independently 6 DAC, and it controls the reference voltage of low 14.A multiplication DAC main body that performance is outstanding of the common formation of these two parts.High-performance digital to analog converter (DAC) AD5791 can improve application performance out and out, and the each numeral in character matrix is transferred to by the black blockage to the white gray scale such as not, i.e. pixel, forms microwave CT image after processing.
Microwave CT image is arranged institute by the black pixel to white different gray scales by matrix according to some and is formed.The pixel size of image and number can be different.Size can be 1.0 × 1.0mm, and 0.5 × 0.5mm is not etc.; Number can be 256 × 256, and 65536, or 512 × 512,262144 not etc.Pixel is less, and number is more, and composing images is more careful, and spatial resolution is high.The gray scale of microwave CT image simultaneously, infiltration and the attenuation degree of reflection Organ and tissue to microwave.The black-and-white image of image is expressed as: shadow represents high infiltration low attenuation range, i.e. low density area, as pulmonary; Bai Ying represents the high decay area of hyposmosis, i.e. high density area, as skeleton.In the time describing the density of a certain tissue image, not only can represent by high density or low-density, and available their degree just of CT value explanation density.Unit is Hu (Hounsfield unit).Water is decided to be to 0Hu as standard CT value, the be decided to be+1000Hu of Bone CT value that in human body, density is the highest, and atmospheric density is minimum, is decided to be-1000Hu.In human body between 2000 calibration of the arrive+1000Hu of occupy-1000Hu of CT value of the different and various tissues of density.
So microwave CT image is image reconstruction.Image shows and storage system is presented at the image of machine processing as calculated, reconstruction on television screen.
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.That in above-described embodiment and description, describes just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, and the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a microwave CT device, is characterized in that: adopt microwave property, utilize computer system and relevant the information data that scanning is collected is set stores computing, after processing, form microwave CT image.Image is presented on display screen.
2. microwave CT device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: propped up by gantry 4, gantry, also can translation and rotation except rising fixation.Make scan mode can use translation/rotation, rotation/rotation, rotation/fixing and spiral way.
3. microwave CT device according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise microwave tube, waveguide, μ detector, alpha detection device, gantry, A/D converter, computer system, contrast booster, D/A converter, display, photographing unit; Its model, specification, size except this patent clear and definite, can adjust arbitrarily according to the needs of development.
4. sweep test according to claim 3, is characterized in that: be fixed on gantry 4 by power power-supply 1, microwave tube 2, waveguide 3, μ detector 5, alpha detection device 6; Microwave tube generates the microwave frequency of the 8～20GHz scope that is suitable for imaging in biological tissues, receive and detect osmotic value μ and pad value α through the microwave of this aspect of organism by detector, according to the needs of surveying can have 4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18, more than 20 detector set.
5. scan according to claim 4 gained information, it is characterized in that: the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε that obtains as calculated each voxel rearranges into matrix with conductivityσ.And be stored in disk or CD.Through contrast booster and digital/analog converter, the each numeral in character matrix is transferred to by the black blockage to the white gray scale such as not, i.e. pixel, and press matrix arrangement, i.e. character matrix.
6. A/D converter according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: A/D converter 7 is completed by ADAS1128 electric current/digital converter chip, take 24 digit currents/digital converter, make high-layer CT system catch real-time mobile picture signal with high accuracy and abundant information amount, and can process a large amount of signals, the dynamic range that tool is vast and the linearity, very high sampling rate, size is little, low in energy consumption.Device provides 128 data ALT-CH alternate channels, speed 20kSPS, and under full-speed state, the power that ADAS1128 consumes is 4.5 milliwatts/passage.
7. computer processing system according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the processing that image is formed is just like selected aspect is divided into the cuboid that several volumes are identical (voxel).Solve DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε and the conductivityσ of each voxel according to two formula.And the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε of each voxel is rearranged into character matrix with conductivityσ.Can be stored in disk or CD.Be sent to digital/analog converter 10 through contrast booster 9.
8. D/A converter according to claim 3, is characterized in that: D/A converter 10 is completed by AD5791, is single channel, 20, Voltage-output type DAC.This device adopts high power supply voltage work and solves away from making an uproar at the end.The scope that is supply voltage VDD is 7.5V to 16.5V, and the scope of VCC is-and 7.5V is to-16.5V.
According to claim 3,4,5,6,7,8, described in, it is characterized in that: microwave CT image according to some by the black pixel to white different gray scales by matrix arrange institute form.The pixel size of image can be 1.0 × 1.0mm, and 0.5 × 0.5mm is not etc.; Number can be 256 × 256, and 65536, or 512 × 512,262144 not etc.Pixel is less, and number is more, and composing images is more careful, and spatial resolution is high.The gray scale of microwave CT image simultaneously, infiltration and the attenuation degree of reflection Organ and tissue to microwave.The black-and-white image of image is expressed as: shadow represents high infiltration low attenuation range, i.e. low density area, as pulmonary; Bai Ying represents the high decay area of hyposmosis, i.e. high density area, as skeleton.In the time describing the density of a certain tissue image, not only can represent by high density or low-density, and available their degree just of CT value explanation density.2000 calibration of arrive+1000Hu of be divided into-1000Hu, unit is Hu (Hounsfield unit).Water is decided to be to 0Hu as standard CT value, be decided to be+1000Hu of Bone CT value, be decided to be-1000Hu of air.
10. display according to claim 3, is characterized in that: it is MYC-2010 that display adopts model; Screen size is 408x306mm; Screen diagonal is 20.1 "; Visible angle is 170 ° of H/V; Normal brightness is 300cd/m2; Original resolution is 1600*1200/1200*1600; Pixel is apart from 0.270 (H) * 0.270 (V) mm; Overall dimensions 355x460x65mm and 30bit color.Photographing unit adopts the imaging of CT dry laser camera scanning.Print resolution is greater than 508DPI; Output image GTG is greater than 14BIT.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108387594A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-10 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of method and system of non-destructive testing stack type lithium ion battery |
| CN113490847A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2021-10-08 | 伊耐斯克泰克-计算机科学与技术系统工程研究所 | Device for measuring the water present in vegetation and agricultural device and method for operating the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN203083952U (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-07-24 | 清华大学 | CT (computed tomography) equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN203083952U (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-07-24 | 清华大学 | CT (computed tomography) equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108387594A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-10 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of method and system of non-destructive testing stack type lithium ion battery |
| CN113490847A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2021-10-08 | 伊耐斯克泰克-计算机科学与技术系统工程研究所 | Device for measuring the water present in vegetation and agricultural device and method for operating the same |
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Application publication date: 20140521 |