CN103798064A - Method for fast manual disease attack of tobacco bacterial wilt disease - Google Patents
Method for fast manual disease attack of tobacco bacterial wilt disease Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for fast manual disease attack of tobacco bacterial wilt disease. The method includes the following steps that first, tobacco seedlings are cultivated and prepared; second, bacteria solution for inoculation is cultivated and prepared; third, the tobacco seedlings are processed before being inoculated; fourth, bacterial wilt bacteria inoculation is performed; fifth, the tobacco seedlings are processed after inoculation. The method has the advantages that an inoculation system is miniature, inoculation is performed on miniature seedlings in miniature space, and the test cycle is short; the technological system is simple in process, convenient to operate, small in technical difficulty and high in working efficiency; the whole process is completed in a common laboratory, greenhouse equipment does not need to be arranged, local conditions of the disease attack can be controlled easily, interference is small, and standardization of a technological method can be achieved easily.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agrotechnique and biotechnology.Specifically a kind of tobacco bacterial wilt artificial onset's quick method
Background technology
Tobacco bacterial wilt generally occurs in the whole world, it is the destructive disease that tobacco produces, many basic research relevant with diseases prevention pest controlling and major theoretical research all be unable to do without this basic means of inoculation germ artificial onset, particularly the pathogen of this disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) is one of current modular system of studying in the world plant pathogenetic bacteria mechanism of causing a disease, the relevant research that this pathogen is carried out, to, frequently through the link of pathogenic detection, to implement the work of artificial infection morbidity.The work in the present age of high rhythm often needs means and methods energy high efficiency, high flux, high accuracy used, thereby artificial onset's method of efficient quick is many researchers' joint demand.The artificial onset of tobacco bacterial wilt is existing many technical methods so far, sum up and get up can comprise that soil hinders root inoculation, basal part of stem injection inoculation, axil injection inoculation and blade face injection inoculation etc.Effectively and widely apply although these method and technologies are very ripe, more or less there is the following deficiency but should use: 1) test period is longer, in the practical application of these method and technologies, so far conventionally adopt larger cigarette seedling, because tobacco early growth is slow, cultivate preparation cigarette seedling and need to expend longer period, generally need more than 2 months, thereby cause the test period longer.2) cultivate the good cigarette seedling of long condition, often needing has well-equipped seedling cultivation greenhouse.3) technical requirement is higher, as takes injection inoculation, and General Requirements is by strain pointwise calibrated shot, often needs operator's technology to reach a standard and careful operation, implements operating efficiency on the low side.4) some local conditions relevant with morbidity controls are difficult, as inoculate rear requirement and create the humidity that is beneficial to morbidity, and this still has larger difficulty under some common laboratory equipment conditions; Adopt soil to hinder root inoculation and be easily subject to the impact of other microorganism in soil, although some small tests can adopt sterilizing or the soil of sterilizing is grown seedlings, but between nursery stage, current common laboratory is still difficult to provide the condition of omnidistance asepticize, and the micropopulation in soil is still uncontrollable.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of tobacco bacterial wilt artificial onset's quick method.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
Tobacco bacterial wilt artificial onset's a quick method, to the effect that utilizes ralstonia solanacearum can infect tobacco to cause the characteristic of cellular tissure necrosis, and in culture dish, the not immature cigarette seedling with soil of inoculation, causes cigarette seedling to show fast disease symptom clearly.The step of artificial onset's method is as follows:
1. tobacco seedling is cultivated and is prepared: with the common better and loose soil of tray appliances splendid attire fertility, use conventional method, at indoor culture cigarette seedling, is grown to after 3~4 vanelets for subsequent use.
2. inoculation is prepared with the cultivation of bacterium liquid: tobacco ralstonia solanacearum is transplanted on the general bacteria culture media flat boards such as NA, the composition of NA medium: 3 grams of beef extracts, 10 grams of peptones, 18 grams, agar, 10 grams of sucrose, water 1000ml, cultivate after 48 hours for 30 ℃, the bacterial clump washing of growing on culture medium flat plate is suspended with sterile water, and this bacterial suspension is proceeded in clean container, be deployed into 2.5 × 10 with sterile water
8the bacterium liquid of cfu/ml, makes inoculation bacterium liquid.
3. before tobacco seedling inoculation, dispose: get the applicable seedling that step 1 cultivates, the moistening softening soil of growing seedlings that first waters before inoculation, so that lift seedlings.Take out clean culture dish and scissors; Choose the seedling that has 3~4 vanelets, gently pull up and forward in clear water rock gently with have gentle hands, the soil in wash-out seedlings root, wipes out the part root system of seedling with clean scissors; The seedling of cutting after root is sidelong in culture dish, and root system is placed by culture dish limit, then culture dish is forwarded on ordinary desktop or culturing rack face, and slant setting, has one side of root system in the lowest part on inclined plane.
4. inoculation ralstonia solanacearum: get the inoculation bacterium liquid that step 2 is got ready, implantation step 3 operates in complete band seedling culture dish gently, is advisable with root system and the basal part of stem of liquid level submergence seedling, covers culture dish lid.
Inoculation after dispose: step 4 operate complete after, inoculation after seedling material directly stay original place cultivate observe, cultivate temperature maintain 25~30 ℃.After inoculation, to testing complete whole process without humidification or watering etc. that other is disposed, note avoiding direct sunlight according to shining, maintain daily scattered light.
Inoculation result causes seedling to occur downright bad, listless vertical symptom, and last whole seedling is downright bad rotting all.Under normal circumstances, inoculate visible obviously downright bad performance in latter 4 days, after 6~7 days, complete stool is rotted.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) inoculation system microminiaturization, is mainly manifested in small seedling, in small space, inoculates, and consumes the very short test period.
2) technical system process is simple, easy to operate, and technical difficulty is little, and operating efficiency is high.
3) omnidistancely in common lab, complete, without supporting greenhouse equipment, morbidity local condition easily controls, and is disturbed littlely, easily realizes technical method standardization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the tobacco seedling schematic diagram that the present invention cultivates in common lab.
In figure, A portion cultivates with common enamel square tray; B portion cultivates with culture dish, has been applicable to using.
Fig. 2 is shown in the postvaccinal seedling of placing on culturing rack face and inoculates the slant setting state with culture dish.
Fig. 3 is the sample 1 of same group of seedling inoculation ralstonia solanacearum morbidity performance process of the present invention.
In figure, A~D portion is inoculation ralstonia solanacearum, and wherein A is at that time postvaccinal, and B is after inoculating 4 days, and C is after inoculating 5 days, and D is that inoculation is after 6 days.E and F are inoculation clear water blanks, wherein E portion and A portion same period, F portion and D portion same period.
Fig. 4 is the sample 2 of same group of seedling inoculation ralstonia solanacearum morbidity performance process of the present invention.
In figure, A~D portion is inoculation ralstonia solanacearum, and wherein A is at that time postvaccinal, and B is after inoculating 4 days, and C is after inoculating 5 days, and D is that inoculation is after 6 days.E and F are inoculation clear water blanks, wherein E portion and A portion same period, F portion and D portion same period.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Cigarette seedling of the present invention is cultivated and inoculation morbidity whole process is all implemented in common lab, and it is to the south that laboratory only need to possess window, and printing opacity is good, and is equipped with common air-conditioning at once.According to a conventional method at the other cigarette seedling of cultivating of indoor nearly window.What inoculation adopted is the small cigarette seedling that grows 3~4 vanelets, as shown in Figure 1, conventionally need to cultivate 3~4 weeks.
In order to eliminate the impact of edaphon, be designed to adopt and inoculate without the seedling of earthy state, this need to pull up seedling wash away soil; The wound of being completely cured causing while lifting seedlings can become the invasion approach of ralstonia solanacearum, in order to guarantee the unified wound that forms, to the unified part root system of wiping out of seedling.
Inoculation operates in culture dish and implements, and without injection system, germ is imported to tobacco plant, and the cigarette shoot root that only ralstonia solanacearum need to be added in simply to wound is at once, and bacterium invades and in plant body, shifts and cause a disease from wound voluntarily.
After inoculation, cigarette seedling is retained in culture dish, is placed at 25~30 ℃ of temperature and cultivates, and possesses the stable moisture condition that is applicable to morbidity in culture dish, provides without extra establishment in laboratory the damp condition that is applicable to morbidity.
Morbidity first first occurs at root system and young basal part of stem conventionally, shows as the necrosis of water stain shape browning, as shown in the B portion of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and progressively upwards and to blade expands; After necrosis, progressively rot to soften and bleach, seedling is listless to hang down, and last complete stool is downright bad rotten, as shown in the C of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and D portion.
Under normal circumstances, inoculate visible obviously downright bad performance in latter 4 days, after 6~7 days, complete stool is rotted.Ralstonia solanacearum bacterial strain difference, inoculation cause the speed of morbidity or degree variant.After the bacterial concentration of inoculated bacteria liquid and inoculation, the temperature of environment has impact to weight or the speed of morbidity.Result can represent the speed of state of an illness weight or PD by the strain incidence of disease or the 50% cigarette strain indexs such as spent time of falling ill.
Embodiment 1
Tobacco bacterial wilt artificial onset's a quick method is inoculated tobacco bacterial wilt bacteria strain Rso-1 on the small seedling of tobacco bred cloud and mist 87, as follows operation:
1. tobacco seedling is cultivated and is prepared: with the common better and loose soil of enamel square tray splendid attire fertility, sow tobacco bred cloud and mist 87 seeds, cultivate cigarette seedling at indoor edge of window, and Routine Management, for subsequent use after seedling grows 3~4 vanelets as shown in Figure 1B portion.
2. inoculation is prepared with the cultivation of bacterium liquid: the present embodiment bacterial strain is transplanted on NA culture medium flat plate, (the composition of NA medium: 3 grams of beef extracts, 10 grams of peptones, 18 grams, agar, 10 grams of sucrose, water 1000ml), cultivate after 48 hours for 30 ℃, the bacterial clump washing of growing on culture medium flat plate is suspended with sterile water, and this bacterial suspension is proceeded in clean triangular flask, be deployed into 2.5 × 10 with sterile water
8cfu/ml(colony-forming units/ml) bacterium liquid, do inoculation and use bacterium liquid.
3. tobacco seedling is disposed before inoculating: this step is mainly to pull up cigarette seedling, remove mud and do to hinder root disposal, and operation is all implemented in the general room of growing seedlings; Concrete operations are as follows: the soil of cultivating cigarette seedling was watered in 0.5~1 hour before lifting seedlings fully moistening, make loose soil soft stool in pulling up cigarette seedling; Take out 9cm culture dish after sterilizing used in everyday and clean scissors for subsequent use; Get 2 clean plastic basin and fill with clear water, the standby seedling of washing in side that is placed in the operation that lifts seedlings is used; Choose the seedling that has 3~4 vanelets, gently pull up with have gentle hands, forward in the clear water basin on side and rock gently, wash-out seedlings root with soil, then wipe out 1/3rd of seedlings root front end with scissors; The seedling of cutting after root is sidelong in culture dish, and root system is placed by culture dish limit; And culture dish is forwarded on ordinary desktop or culturing rack face, slant setting, has one side of root system in the lowest part on inclined plane, as shown in the A portion of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
4. inoculation ralstonia solanacearum: get the inoculation bacterium liquid 10ml that step 2 is got ready, implantation step 3 operates in complete band seedling culture dish gently, and root system and the basal part of stem of liquid level submergence seedling, as shown in the A portion of Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, cover culture dish lid.
Inoculation after dispose: step 4 operate complete after, the cigarette seedling materials behavior of inoculation as shown in Figure 2, directly stay original place cultivate observe, cultivate temperature maintain 26~29 ℃.After inoculation, to testing complete whole process without humidification or watering etc. that other is disposed, note avoiding direct sunlight according to shining, maintain daily scattered light.
Inoculation result causes as the necrosis of Fig. 3 clearly seedling the same as Fig. 4, listless hanging down and rotten symptom; Inoculate 60% seedling after 4 days and show obvious downright bad symptom.
Embodiment 2
Tobacco bacterial wilt artificial onset's a quick method is inoculated tobacco bacterial wilt bacteria strain Rso-2 on the small seedling of tobacco bred cloud and mist 87, implements by the step 1 of embodiment 1 to step 5 operation.
Inoculation result causes as the necrosis of Fig. 3 clearly seedling the same as Fig. 4, listless hanging down and rotten symptom; Inoculate 80% seedling after 4 days and show obvious downright bad symptom.
Embodiment 3
Tobacco bacterial wilt artificial onset's a quick method is inoculated tobacco bacterial wilt bacteria strain Rso-3 on the small seedling of tobacco bred cloud and mist 87, implements by the step 1 of embodiment 1 to step 5 operation.
Inoculation result causes as the necrosis of Fig. 3 clearly seedling the same as Fig. 4, listless hanging down and rotten symptom; Inoculate 100% seedling after 4 days and show obvious downright bad symptom.
Embodiment 4
Tobacco bacterial wilt artificial onset's a quick method is inoculated tobacco bacterial wilt bacteria strain Rso-4 on the small seedling of tobacco bred cloud and mist 87, implements by the step 1 of embodiment 1 to step 5 operation.
Inoculation result causes as the necrosis of Fig. 3 clearly seedling the same as Fig. 4, listless hanging down and rotten symptom; Inoculate 80% seedling after 4 days and show obvious downright bad symptom.
Claims (1)
1. tobacco bacterial wilt artificial onset's a quick method, is characterized in that, utilizes ralstonia solanacearum can infect tobacco to cause the characteristic of cellular tissure necrosis, and in culture dish, the not immature cigarette seedling with soil of inoculation, causes cigarette seedling to show fast disease symptom clearly;
The step of method is as follows:
1) tobacco seedling is cultivated and is prepared:
With the common better and loose soil of tray appliances splendid attire fertility, at indoor culture cigarette seedling, grow to after 3~4 vanelets for subsequent use by conventional method;
2) inoculation is prepared with the cultivation of bacterium liquid:
Tobacco ralstonia solanacearum is transplanted on the general bacteria culture media flat board of NA, the composition of NA medium: 3 grams of beef extracts, 10 grams of peptones, 18 grams, agar, 10 grams of sucrose, water 1000ml, cultivate after 48 hours for 30 ℃, the bacterial clump washing of growing on culture medium flat plate is suspended with sterile water, and this bacterial suspension is proceeded in clean container, be deployed into 2.5 × 10 with sterile water
8the bacterium liquid of cfu/ml, makes inoculation bacterium liquid;
3) before tobacco seedling inoculation, dispose: get the applicable seedling that step 1) cultivates, the moistening softening soil of growing seedlings that first waters before inoculation, so that lift seedlings, takes out clean culture dish and scissors; Choose the seedling that has 3~4 vanelets, gently pull up and forward in clear water rock gently with have gentle hands, the soil in wash-out seedlings root, wipes out the part root system of seedling with clean scissors; The seedling of cutting after root is sidelong in culture dish, and root system is placed by culture dish limit, then culture dish is forwarded on ordinary desktop or culturing rack face, and slant setting, has one side of root system in the lowest part on inclined plane;
4) inoculation ralstonia solanacearum: get step 2) the inoculation bacterium liquid got ready, implantation step 3 gently) operate in complete band seedling culture dish, be advisable with root system and the basal part of stem of liquid level submergence seedling, cover culture dish lid;
5) after inoculation, dispose: after step 4) operation is complete, after inoculation, seedling material is directly stayed original place and is cultivated observation, cultivate temperature and maintain 25~30 ℃, after inoculation to testing complete whole process without humidification or other disposal such as water, note avoiding direct sunlight according to shining, maintain daily scattered light;
Inoculation result causes seedling to occur downright bad, listless vertical symptom, and last whole seedling is downright bad rotting all.Under normal circumstances, inoculate visible obviously downright bad performance in latter 4 days, after 6~7 days, complete stool is rotted.
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CN105557343A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-11 | 中国烟草总公司福建省公司 | Method for quickly identifying tobacco variety resistance to bacterial wilt |
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CN101496481A (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2009-08-05 | 云南省烟草科学研究所 | Method for identifying resistance to tobacco bacterial wilt during seedling stage |
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CN105557343A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-11 | 中国烟草总公司福建省公司 | Method for quickly identifying tobacco variety resistance to bacterial wilt |
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