Background technology
The motor type driving as electric automobile at present has asynchronous motor, permanent magnetic brushless and switched reluctance machines.Induction motors torque fluctuation is less, but efficiency is lower, especially at low-speed stage; Permanent magnetic brushless efficiency is higher, but manufacturing process complexity has demagnetization problem, and reliability is not high, therefore also undesirable; TM motor is the motor growing up on switched reluctance machines architecture basics, have firm in structure, reliability is high, full operating range internal efficiency is high, the advantage of low starting current and high start torque, these are all that the motor of other type is incomparable.On fuel-engined vehicle, brake power-assisted technology is relatively ripe, the vacuum servo valve of vacuum booster is by the vacuum admission line of access engine, after engine start, the vacuum degree at the inlet manifold place of engine rises, thereupon, the vacuum degree of the vacuum room of vacuum booster, application air chamber all rises, and standby condition in working at any time.In the time braking, step on brake pedal, pedal force acts on control valve push rod after lever amplification, reaches the object of brake power-assisted.And pure electric automobile will solve brake power-assisted and can only outerly add electric brake power-assisted vacuum pump and realize, also to increase pressure time delay switch.The present invention is combined simple mechanical centrifugal formula brake power-assisted vacuum pump to have formed many power assemblies driving motor of pure electric automobile with TM high efficiency motor.
The rotation of TM high efficiency motor be unable to do without position transducer, and existing position transducer volume is larger, due to the limited space of electric automobile, to the volume of motor and the big or small electrocar that has certain restriction, especially forerunner.The present invention is in conjunction with the design feature of TM motor, high precision position encoder and motor are carried out to Integrated design, position transducer is taken up room little, coding disk position detecting circuit plate is easy to install, regulate, realize the structural design of encoder and TM motor integration, vacateed enough spaces and realize electric automobile brake vacuum assist.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of efficient TM motor of electric vehicle-mounted complete closed liquid-cooled of strap brake power-assisted vacuum pump, it is integrated high precision position transducer, motor is energy-efficient, torque is large, dynamic property is good, reliability is high, the life-span is long.This technology can solve the problem that problem, drive motors waterproof problem and other types drive motors that the brake of vehicle-mounted pure electric automobile loses power-assisted are short of power.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Electric vehicle-mounted complete closed liquid-cooled TM motor waterproof, heat dissipation design:
As shown in Figure 1, TM motor is by double-salient-pole structure stator 1, rotor 2, multifunctional axial 3, front end housing 4, rear end cap 5, 6, motor housing 7, stator jackscrew 8, connection jaws cover plate 9, bearing 10 and 11, fore bearing chamber cap and coding disk mounting seat 12, liquid cooling agent imports and exports 13 and 14, grating coding disk 15, luminous tube installing hole 16, grating encoder circuit board 17, vacuum brake boost pump base 18, vacuum brake boost pump oil sealing chamber 19, vacuum brake boost pump 20, vacuum brake boost pump seal groove 21, vacuum brake boost pump gear shaft 22, the sealing ring 23 of multiple positions, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29, rear bearing chamber cap 30, connect ring flange 31 and the TM electric motor end cap bolt 32 of gearbox, 33, 34, 35 compositions such as grade.Wherein there is sealing ring 24 and 26 front and rear cover 4,5,6 and motor housing 7 junctions; Between fore bearing chamber cap 4, bearing chamber cap and coding disk mounting seat 11 and vacuum booster pump 16, there is sealing ring 26 and 27; Between bearing chamber cap and coding disk mounting seat 12 and vacuum brake boost pump 20, on axle, there iing double oil seal, can be along axial wall seepage with the oil that guarantees to brake in boost pump.Two axle heads, terminal box cover for electric machine periphery and incoming line, Inlet and outlet water port, closed position transducer place at motor interface cover plate 9, rotor are equipped with sealing gasket, sealing ring, water proof ring.More than design has guaranteed the totally-enclosed of TM motor and waterproof.
The heat dissipation design of TM motor is in Fig. 1, on front end housing 4, to have designed cooling agent as shown in Figure 2 to import and export 13,14, these import and export are led directly to cooling duct 37 by pipeline, cooling duct is designed to U font and distributes on shell, distribute consistent with motor winding, be conducive to like this leaving of winding position heat, cooling agent 36 in cooling duct 37 enters coolant pump through pipeline from cooling liquid outlet is discharged, delivery port by coolant pump enters cooling water tank, and the size of cooling water tank is calculated design according to the requirement of TM motor radiating.So just complete the heat dissipation design of TM motor.
With TM motor integration high precision position sensor design:
Grating encoder is made up of grating encoder mounting seat 12, grating encoder bearing, grating coding disk 15, grating encoder testing circuit plate 17, luminous tube and phase disk etc. in Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is grating encoder bearing, be connected with TM motor front axle by grating encoder dead eye 40, fixing by grating encoder bearing keyway 39, the grating coding disk shown in Fig. 4 15 is sticked on grating encoder base 38 through precision optical machinery, and with jump ring clamping, in order to avoid get loose.As shown in Figure 4, grating encoder is made up of rotating speed grating 41 and position grating 42 two parts, the circulation binary system grating of rotating speed grating and increment type grating just as, be all to be formed by circle-shaped being arranged in order by very meticulous equidistant grating grid, therefore can reach very high accuracy of detection; Position grating is to have the equidistant gratings strips of longer light and shade to become circle-shaped being arranged in order to form, the quantity of light and shade striped is identical with the stator poles of TM motor, such as for 12/8 utmost point TM motor, position grating just has 8 printing opacity gratings strips and 8 shading gratings strips to be arranged in order to form, and the arc length of two kinds of gratings strips equates.Three-phase TM motor just has three layers of 8 printing opacity gratings strips.The grating encoder that the present invention adopts is according to 12/8 utmost point TM design of electrical motor, and rotating speed grating has reached 1024 gratings, and resolution is 0.175 °, and minimum grating space is 0.1mm.By position transducer bearing, by Fig. 5 testing circuit plate, photoelectric tube mounting seat be arranged on bearing shown in Fig. 4 41 on, photoelectric tube embeds Fig. 5 photoelectric tube installing hole 45, encoder testing circuit plate shown in Fig. 6 is fixed by circuit board installing hole 48,49,50, by base and the front end housing of adjusting stator and rotor relative position being fixed with front end housing installing hole 46,47.The left view of front end housing as shown in Figure 7.When adjusting in encoder process consistent with TM motor rotor position, photoelectric tube is can be in the interior slip of photoelectric tube turnover zone 51, after adjustment by installing hole 52 and Fig. 6 with front end housing installing hole 46,47 use bolted, position transducer is fixed.
Brake vacuum assist design:
Pure electric automobile does not have fuel engines, wants to realize brake power-assisted, need to realize brake power-assisted by the digital electric vacuum assistance system shown in Fig. 8.Unavoidably to use electric vacuum pump, and will be equipped with vacuum pressure alarm.Application machine formula vacuum booster pump of the present invention and TM motor organic assembling, generate braking vacuum servo force system, simple in structure, reliable and stable.Mechanical vacuum boost pump is mainly made up of parts such as the pump housing, rotor, slide block, pump cover, gear, sealing rings.Fig. 9 is the front view of vacuum servo pump frame, on it, there are two off- centre operations 54,55 of size, rotor in vacuum booster pump is through TM motor vacuum servo gear shaft 22, drive four slide blocks to rotate along the boss 54 and 55 on off-centre operation in Figure 10 in the direction of pressing motor rotation, slide block is under the effect of self centrifugal force, being close to pump housing inwall slides, air-breathing operating room constantly expands, pumped gas is opened unidirectional valve (the in-built unidirectional valve of pump, plays pressure maintaining effect to system) by air intake duct and is entered vacuum air storage tank.In the time that slide block goes to certain position, air-breathing complete.Now, the gas of suction is isolated, and rotor continues rotation, and segregate gas is gradually reduced---and pressure raises.When operating room goes to while communicating with venthole, gas is discharged from venthole, sends in vacuum booster and produces power-assisted in order to brake.On vacuum servo pump frame, have seal groove 21, embedding sealing circle 23 can prevent that pump internal gear oil from leaking outside.
Embodiment
1-10 describe with reference to the accompanying drawings below:
TM motor is by double-salient-pole structure stator 1, rotor 2, multifunctional axial 3, front end housing 4, rear end cap 5, 6, motor housing 7, stator jackscrew 8, connection jaws cover plate 9, bearing 10 and 11, fore bearing chamber and end cap and coding disk mounting seat 12, liquid cooling agent imports and exports 13 and 14, grating coding disk 15, luminous tube installing hole 16, grating encoder circuit board 17, vacuum brake boost pump base 18, vacuum brake boost pump oil sealing chamber 19, vacuum brake boost pump 20, vacuum brake boost pump seal groove 21, vacuum brake boost pump gear shaft 22, the sealing ring 23 of multiple positions, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29, rear bearing chamber cap 30, connect ring flange 31 and the TM electric motor end cap bolt 32 of gearbox, 33, 34, 35 compositions such as grade.TM electricity fore bearing chamber and end cap and coding disk mounting seat 12 are as shown in Figure 7, after fastening to end cap 12 and motor stator casing 7, testing circuit plate, photoelectric tube is arranged on the base shown in Fig. 5, and connect at sensor bearing base 41 places, position, then grating coding disk 15 use precision instruments are bonded on position transducer bearing grating encoder base 38, will be with testing circuit plate, photoelectric tube mounting seat 12, the bearing of optical code disk 15 is through on motor shaft, adjust position sensor base 12, make it to align with rotor, base 12 is fixing with end cap 4, then vacuum brake boost pump base 18 is installed, install sealing ring, vacuum booster pump 20 and boost pump base 18 are bolted fastening, so just form the TM high efficiency motor of strap brake vacuum servo and high-precision encoder.