CN103792858B - Flexible Controlling model system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of flexible Controlling model system and method.A kind of control for including automatic controller and monitoring system are provided.The system includes the distributed model being stored on automatic controller.Increment script via the change for only limiting model is providing the change of distributed model.Additionally, control is included based on the trigger event for determining in systems come exectorial distributed execution engine with monitoring system 24.Multiple automatic control component networkings are networked together and with automatic controller, and wherein above-mentioned multiple automatic control components can carry out load balance in response to the performance requirement of control and monitoring system between above-mentioned multiple automatic control components.Control makes it possible to carry out load balance, data in control with monitoring system with these features of monitoring system and processes redundancy and Collaborative Design.

Description

Flexible Controlling model system and method

The application is entitled " the Extensible Control ModelSystem and that on November 11st, 2011 submits to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/559 of Method ", 008 non-provisional application are incorporated into herein by quoting.

Technical field

The embodiment of present disclosure relates generally to automatically control the field with monitoring system.More specifically, this public affairs The embodiment for opening content is related to dynamic and the technology that adaptive can be automatically controlled.

Background technology

For the application that there is wide scope with monitoring system is automatically controlled, especially in industrial setting.Such application can Data collection with the power supply of the actuator valve including wide scope, motor etc. and via sensor.Typical automatic Control can include one or more parts with monitoring system, for example：Program terminal, automatic controller, input/output（I/ O）Module and/or man-machine interface（HMI）Terminal.

Man-machine interface or " HMI " are generally used for monitoring or controlling various process.HMI can read from specific depositor Specific depositor is taken or is write so that they can reflect the mode of operation of various machines, sensor, process etc..Interface Depositor and memorizer can also be write so that they to a certain extent can be with the function of control process.Individually in monitoring In function, execute seldom or do not execute actual control.In many other settings, using similar equipment, for example automobile, In aircraft, business setting and many other applications.In numerous applications, interface can not be logical with remote equipment or process Letter, but can be operated in an independent way.

In these interface equipments, with object in the interface can be from industrial automation equipment different control, prison Depending on or any other parameter associated.Some objects in these objects may have visual representation on interface equipment, and Other objects may not visually be represented but may be easy to be configured by user and programmed.User may expect for example By creating new object, replicating object, edit object etc. operating these objects to create and custom interface.

Automatically control one or more objects that control and monitoring system can be utilized with each part in monitoring system （For example, control program, label, module configuration and HMI screen）Status information.Sometimes, part can be used for changing right The status information of elephant.Therefore, part may need for the change of state to convey to control and monitoring system, so that miscellaneous part The state change of control and the object of monitoring system can be learned.Actually sometimes state change can include add or Delete control and the special object in monitoring system.For example, the traditional method bag of control and the state of monitoring system object is passed on Include and the whole state of object has been supplied to control and monitoring system.It is now appreciated that such method often efficiency is low, there is provided Than more information needed for the variable condition of the object in description control and monitoring system.The whole state for providing object may Cause to pass on bandwidth inefficiency rate in status data and consumption and using data in process inefficient.Additionally, recognizing now To such provide total state data method there may come a time when increase because of carelessness to be arranged on control with monitoring system in its The probability override by his state change.

Additionally, traditional method is by centralized Control and monitoring.For example, traditional control is controlled by description with monitoring system The centralized data model of system.The dependence of centralized data model may be caused to process inefficient and increase to trustship The part of centralized data model（For example, controller）Dependence.

Content of the invention

Some embodiments suitable with initial claimed invention scope outlined below.These embodiments are not intended to The scope of claimed invention is limited, these embodiments are intended merely to provide the brief of possible form of the invention on the contrary Summary.In fact, the present invention can include can be similar to from embodiment set forth below or different various forms.

Present embodiment is provided and is automatically controlling the new of between the part in the monitoring system state change of conveyed object The method of grain husk.As state change occurs in control with monitoring system, thus the data for simply changing be communicated to control with Miscellaneous part in monitoring system.For example, control with monitoring system object can include control program, label, module control with And the figure for HMI screen.When the factor change of these objects, the key element of change can be carried in the way of data-driven The part of the status information of supply storage object.By only providing the key element of change, rather than the key element of a complete set for offer object, The data volume for being delivered to part can be significantly decreased.Additionally, when object is deleted, it may not be necessary to the whole shape of object State.On the contrary, the instruction of the object of deletion can be only provided, and thus data to be transmitted be reduced in the case where object is deleted Amount.Additionally, providing change in the way of data-driven so that reception and registration is unknowable, or may be not dependent on specific programming Technology.

Additionally, the present invention provides the change for applying to pass on using the enforcement engine being distributed with monitoring system throughout control And/or distribution order with based on change come the method for the novelty of asynchronous execution order.For example, the part of control and monitoring system In one or more parts（For example, intelligent I/O equipment, program terminal, PLC and HMI etc.）Each can include being embedded in Formula enforcement engine.Enforcement engine can be stored on the medium of the tangible, nonvolatile of part, embodied on computer readable.When When being triggered（For example, by receiving the status information for changing）, embedded holding in control with the various parts of monitoring system Row engine can be asynchronously responded based on the execution time of trigger or arrangement.For example, the order of distribution can be user And/or command script state change reacted in one or more of modes of system definition.By by means of being embedded in Control allows to execute control logic with the enforcement engine on the part of monitoring system, can produce more effectively process.For example, Such carrying into execution a plan can better profit from multiple central authorities' process lists by logic is distributed across control with monitoring system Unit（CPU）Core.

Description of the drawings

When reading described further below referring to the drawings, the these and other feature of present embodiment, aspect and advantage will Become better understood, in whole accompanying drawings, same labelling represents same part,

In accompanying drawing：

Fig. 1 is the general overview automatically controlled with the framework of the part of monitoring system according to certain aspects of the invention Figure；

Fig. 2 is the diagram overview automatically controlled with monitoring system according to the embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the overview of some of interface according to the embodiment of the present invention and program terminal functional part；

Fig. 4 is some views of equipment key element according to the embodiment of the present invention or the overview of container；

Fig. 5 is the figure of control and the monitoring system of Fig. 1, shows according to embodiment for passing on holding for state change The use of longization object model；

Fig. 6 shows the instrument of the change according to embodiment, the state between the moderator of change and audience members The process that change is passed on；

Fig. 7 shows the process not completed according to the state change of embodiment；

Fig. 8 shows the process for making external change during uncertain editor according to embodiment；

Fig. 9 shows the process for stopping uncertain change according to embodiment；

Figure 10 shows the process for uncertain change being compressed into one group of change according to embodiment；

Figure 11 show according to embodiment executed using distributed execution engine control command automatically control with Monitoring system；

Figure 12 shows the processing cycle executed by enforcement engine according to embodiment；And

Figure 13 shows the process for traffic order according to embodiment.

Specific embodiment

Generally, when state change is communicated, control relies heavily on automatic controller with monitoring system, for example, may be programmed Logic controller（PLC）And automatic controller programming（For example, PLC programmings）To affect control and monitoring system.Automatically control Device programming depend heavily on task and/or logic based on event and/or the execution based on program（For example, programming language is used The machine-readable instruction that speech is write, such as relay ladder logic）To affect to control the change with monitoring system.Automatic controller The all of input data of consumption is often used in, is calculated and is distributed output data, the change of processing data and data are divided Cloth is to control and the part of monitoring system.Unfortunately, such part to by control and monitoring system（For example, automatically control Device and automatic controller programming）The heavy dependence with the centralized data model of trustship is affected to provide some poor efficiency.For example, As the number of the task for the predetermined of centralized model and based on event increases, as being permitted for single model may be caused Many additional changes are it may occur that the performance of degeneration.Additionally, a large amount of uses of centralized model（For example, via control automatically Device processed）The method that more concentrates of processing controls logic is generated, causes execution, the single node failure of the poor efficiency of control logic （For example, when automatic controller breaks down, whole control may be broken down with monitoring system）, and be likely to result in certainly The processing pressure of movement controller（processing strain）.

According to present embodiment, pass on and distributed life by using distributed data model, distributions change Order is executed, and control can become more flexible with monitoring system.For example, by providing increase in entirely control and monitoring system Collaboration capabilities, increased data redundancy and process load balance, present embodiment illustrate more robust and flexible automatically Control and monitoring environment.

Robust control and monitoring system

Many aspects, part and process will be described by following discussion.By introduction, overall system summary purpose exists In these innovations are placed in text.Fig. 1 is control and the monitoring software for interface of the embodiment according to present disclosure The graphic representation of framework 10.Framework 10 is conducive to by using the interconnection mechanism 12 based on module come constructing function software, and this is mutual Even mechanism 12 inherently supports dynamic operation and configuration.The dynamic operation and allocative abilities are beneficial to be effectively configurable interface The configuration surroundings of feature rich are provided.That is, as described below, individual equipment key element is configured to be programmed individually Independent operation code, prewrite when in storehouse to use, be customized in its function and in terms of the outward appearance in screen, And interconnect to supply information to user and control and function for monitoring.

Framework 10 includes may belong to individual system（For example, computer）Two related software environments.Specifically, transport During row, environment 14 makes operator（For example, personal user）Can interact with the application, such as in run duration（For example, using connecing During mouthful, generally during interacting with the process in operation or during the process in observation operation）Process.If timing ring Border 16 allows designer to configure interface and its part.For example, system graphically can exist via runtime environment 14 Display（For example, computer or interface equipment screen）On operation information is presented to operator.Additionally, system can include For receiving the device of the operator that can be detected via runtime environment 14 and manage input（For example, keypad）.Environment Interact as described in detail below, in an innovative way providing the use and programming of very enhanced interface.

Runtime environment 14 includes or provides the access to equipment key element 18.Equipment key element 18 is software part, can wrap Include any may have access in software environment or configurable key element.For example, equipment key element 18 is included by runtime environment 14 Come the software part for managing, such as " ActiveX " control or " .NET " part." ActiveX " and " .NET " refer to towards The concept of object, technology and instrument.Generally those skilled in the art is by very familiar such programmed method.Herein, Such standard should be considered merely as being example, and " equipment key element " be construed as including can as quasi-independent will Any substantially similar part or self-sustaining of element operation（self-sufficient）Program, sometimes referred to as " object ". There are other standards and platform for such key element, generally supported by different companies or industrial colony.

Because such equipment key element is basic for some of concept set forth herein concept, prepare Some introductions.Equipment key element generally includes four features：Property, method, connection（Or junction point）And communication interface.? Herein, property is can be for example used for defining expression or image of the key element in screen view with controlled attribute, and The position of key element on screen etc..Herein, method is executable function（Sometimes be referred herein as key element " feature " or Person's " state engine "）, and define by executing the operation carried out by key element.Herein, connection is the link between key element, And can be used for making data（Read from memorizer or write memorizer）It is sent to another key element.

The specific example of equipment key element 18 can include software push buttons, timer, gauge table, plc communication server, visual Change（For example illustrate and automatically controlling the screen with the state of the part in monitoring system）And application.Generally, substantially any Discernible function can be configured to such key element.Additionally, as discussed below, such key element can be mutual Communicate to carry out various displays, monitoring operation and control function.It should be noted that equipment key element 18 need not be used for supporting The particular restriction of design pattern.And, although the key element associated with image is highly useful, in particular for visualization, but is permitted Many key elements can not have visual representation, but can execute the function in HMI, for example, calculate, or even management and Data exchange between other key elements.

Runtime environment 14 is usually used communication subsystem 20 to be operated.Communication subsystem 20 is suitable to and equipment key element 18 interconnect.In fact, communication subsystem 20 can be considered the connection for including equipment key element 18.However, communication subsystem 20 can include sending data to external circuit and from a series of softwares of external circuit receiving data, hardware and firmware, Such as automatic controller, other computers, network, satellite, sensor, actuator etc..

Runtime environment 14 is usually used behavior subsystem 22 to be operated, and behavior subsystem 22 is suitable to management equipment The behavior of key element 18.For example, the responsibility of behavior subsystem 22 can include as follows：Place and mobile device key element, modification equipment Key element, in commutative screen upper set equipment key element, preserve and recover screen layout, management security, preserve and recover Connection list, and remote access is provided to runtime environment 14.In fact, here again the behavior can be defined as per The profile of individual equipment key element（profile）（That is, " method " or " state engine "）A part.

During design, environment 16 includes the high realization of behavior subsystem 22, the high realization profit of behavior subsystem 22 Runtime environment 14 is directly or indirectly operated in the case of the behavior in without prejudice to or infringement runtime environment 16.? That is, even if can also design in the case of interfaces and reconfigure equipment key element 18.In some cases, behavior Subsystem 22 can extend the access to runtime environment 14 via the long-range supply of environment 16 during design, such as in routine In browser.Behavior subsystem 22 allows designer to pass through environment 16 during design via long-range program terminal or set timing ring The aspect in border 16 interacts and changes the operation of HMI in terms of HMI offers come with the runtime environment 14 of HMI to program terminal When environment 14 aspect.For example, can be by specifically designing via network via the HMI of network-coupled to kneetop computer When environment 16 be supplied to kneetop computer to provide the user with configuration powers and functions.

The details and example for how completing the operation presented below.In the present embodiment, during design, environment 16 can be with It is to combine Dynamic Hyper Text Makeup Language（DHTML）And Active Server Pages（ASP）Dynamic content is carried by server script The product of supply browser.ASP scripts are the codes of bespoke, are included in before the page is sent to user in server （For example, the webserver）One or more scripts of upper process（That is, little embedded program）.Generally, in conventional application In, such script prompt server is made a change from database access data and in data base.Next, by the page Before being sent to requestor, script typically sets up or the self-defined page.As discussed below, such script is very Differently it is used in this framework, such as comes in the case of the prior knowledge of the feature without equipment key element or its mutual relation Set up visualization.

By promoting the change of equipment key element, during design, environment 16 allows designer to carry out the special reality of behavior subsystem 22 Existing or make and tradable set timing model.The specific example that realizes during the design of behavior subsystem 22 includes network setting Timing environment 16, during the network design, TCP/IP connection of the environment 16 between HMI and remote equipment is right to extend The access of the runtime environment 14 on HMI.During network design environment 16 contribute to do not endanger run time behaviour or Management equipment key element in the case of safety.In a special realization, behavior subsystem 22 gives designer's ability to use It is able to access that the web browser of relevant interface or HMI to operate the aspect of runtime environment 14.As described above, and such as with As lower detailed description, this by using the configuration of dynamic content, script and equipment key element property combination realizing.

Fig. 2 is the control for being for example used for industrial automation for realizing said frame of the embodiment according to present disclosure Graphic representation with monitoring system 24.System 24 includes HMI 26, and the HMI26 is suitable to be connected with networked components and configuration equipment. System 24 is shown as including being suitable to by control/supervision equipment 30（For example, remote computer, automatic controller, for example, may be programmed Logic controller（PLC）, or other controllers）Carry out the HMI 26 with the part cooperation for processing 28.HMI 26 can be physically It is similar to existing hardware, such as panel, monitor or stand-alone device.

The cooperation between the part of HMI 26 and process 28 can be promoted by using any appropriate network strategy.Real On border, industry standard network can be adopted, such as DeviceNet, to allow to carry out data transfer.Such network allows root Data exchange is carried out according to predefined agreement, and the ability for operation networking key element can be provided.As mentioned above, although Networked system is with reference in being currently discussed and including controller and the system of other equipments, described HMI 26 and programming Technology can be equally applicable to non-networked part（For example, GPS display, game display, mobile telephone display, flat faced display Deng）And suitable for the networked system outside industrial automation.For example, can use in facilities management described below Arrangement and process：The interface of automobile and vehicle, computer numerical control（CNC）Machine, point of sale（POS）System, be used for commercial market （For example, elevator, enter door system）Control interface etc., above only enumerate.

Stored and resided in HMI by the operation or operating environment 14 of corresponding behavior management subsystem and construction On 26.For example, such behavior subsystem is may be adapted to for example during the initial manufacture or setting of HMI 26 from storage position Put loading application programs Configuration Framework（For example, 10）.When loaded, the application framework of storage may be adapted to create screen And in screen location user interface device key element（Actual image corresponding with key element or picture are represented）.These applications Program, screen and user interface key element are each the types of equipment key element.As is described below, HMI 26 includes The application program for being stored of the interaction of specified layout and equipment key element.Timing ring is set based on the network of engine during operation Border 16 is also loaded and resides on HMI 26.During design, environment 16 is may be adapted to as environment during design and runtime environment To process high feature（For example, safety management）.

HMI 26 may be adapted to allow user to interact with substantially any process.For example, process can include：Compressor station, Oil plant, for manufacturing food item（food items）Batch operation, the assembly line of mechanization etc..Therefore, processing 28 can With include various functional units, such as motor, valve, actuator, sensor, or countless manufactures, processing, Feedstock treating and Other application.Additionally, process 28 can include for by automatization and/or the control and monitoring observing to adjust process variable Equipment.The process 28 for illustrating includes sensor 34 and actuator 36.Sensor 34 can include being adapted to provide for regard to treatment conditions Information any number of equipment.Actuator 36 can be similarly included and be adapted for input signal to carry out mechanical action Any number of equipment.

As shown, these sensors 34 and actuator 36 and control/supervision equipment 30（For example, automatically control Device）Particular address in the control/supervision equipment 30 for communicating and being assigned to be accessed by HMI 26.34 He of sensor Actuator 36 can directly be communicated with HMI 26.These equipment can be used for operating processing equipment.In fact, they can To be used in processing cycle, the processing cycle by controlling/supervision equipment 30 and/or HMI 26 controlled and monitor.Can be based on Process is input into（For example, from the input of sensor 34）Or directly input（For example, it is input into by the operator that HMI 26 is received） To activate such processing cycle.

Server software on interface allows to check development environment, and directly reconfigures interface（Especially equipment will Element and its outward appearance and function of association）, without specially checking or configuration software.The benefit comes from following facts, should True is that equipment key element is resided in HMI 26 with environment itself during design, and gives program terminal 46 by HMI 26 " offer " On browser or other general readers.In other words, can reduce or eliminate to outside computer workstation（Example Such as, kneetop computer and desktop computer）Necessary support.It is noted that to being used for " browsing for the configuration for checking and changing interface Referring to for device " is not limited to web browser or any specific browser.To browser refer to be intended that exemplary.One As in fact, term " browser " is used in herein to refer to the software including any general reader.

By programming to equipment key element as is described below, HMI 26 is may be considered that including for presentation one Or more screen views or visual instruction, and by reference to screen view（For example, press the button, Touch screen Position etc.）The equipment key element executed during interacting with HMI 26.Any desired software or software kit can be passed through To define screen view and equipment key element.For example, screen view and equipment key element can be called by operating system 38 or be executed.Such as Upper described, the equipment key element according to present embodiment can be the object for meeting " .NET " or " ActiveX " standard.Operation system System itself can be based on any appropriate platform, such as Window CE, OS-X etc..As cited herein, equipment key element and Instrument is supported in network（For example, the Internet）The upper network service for sending data or technology.Therefore as described below As, these equipment key elements follow with regard to information sharing set of rule and by transformation with various scripts and programming language It is used together.Such equipment key element allows to for interaction content to be supplied to external application, such as LAN, WAN, Intranet, Extranet or even WWW.Therefore, operating system 38 and various equipment key elements are beneficial to by means of browser 48 by allowing to arriving The configuration access of browser 48（access）（For example, which is provided）Dynamically to configure HMI 26.

For example, such include for illustrating the entrance of equipment key element with posting port.In other words, can essentially be from clear Device 48 is look at creating and execute new equipment key element.Further, it is noted that browser 48 does not need actual functional entrance.Actual On, in one embodiment, cause based in equipment key element in data functionality and container via the request of browser 48 " the board turning of the operation of appearance（draw）" sequence, equipment key element table is allowed in the case that thus function aspects are not actually provided The access for illustrating and which being configured that shows.This permission need not to the technical support of remote work station in the case of via long-range Work station is configured.

Except as described above（And as illustrated in more detail herembelow）Operating system 38 and equipment key element outside, HMI 26 includes application or application layer 40.Can with itself include equipment key element application beneficial to access and from each of HMI 26 The equipment of kind key element obtains information.Specifically, it can be in the multilevel device key element that can be enumerated for execution that application 40 is represented The first order.Application 40 can include applying with the user of XML page face form in practical implementations.Then user application with user or Person operator and interact with designer, as illustrated in more detail herembelow.

Screen view and equipment key element can be described as independent executable software.In the present implementation, by with mark Note language（For example, HTML or HTML）The appropriate code that writes is defining screen view.Therefore, it can Carry out converse routine is not used in the case of the configuration of the graphic interface screen of HMI26.Additionally, by compiling to equipment key element Journey, can be via following resident server softwares（Referred to as server 42）Directly on HMI 26, to develop screen view, The resident server software makes resident development environment can be used to remotely access.Specifically, in one embodiment, some The expression of equipment key element（For example, ActiveX controls）Browser 48 is provided to without providing software part itself.Because can Environment during accessing exploitation via browser 48 or design, therefore can eliminate and download to screen by change and update remote The needs of journey configuration software application.

As described above, equipment key element can include feature, by the feature they from generally in other equipment（But Being can also be in HMI）Concrete memorizer or storage register read or write.For example, specific function can be right Should read in the depositor 32 of write control/supervision equipment 30 or from the depositor 32 of control/supervision equipment 30.Simple In the case of, for example, object accesses one piece of data（For example, the state of the part for such as being determined by sensor）, and generate output letter Number for writing the value of state corresponding to different networked devices.As will be discussed in more detail like that, such Status information can be via state increment（state delta）43 passing on.For example, in the embodiment for describing in fig. 2, control System/supervision equipment 30 and HMI 26 can pass on status information with use state increment 43.Additionally, program terminal 46 can also make The reception and registration of status information is carried out with control/supervision equipment 30 and HMI 26 with state increment 43.

It is of course possible to configure more complicated function.For example, in Industry Control with monitoring environment, such equipment key element The operation of series of physical part can be emulated, such as momentary contact button, the button with delay output, switch Deng.The equipment key element of many pre-programmed can be used for HMI 26.Such functional module can via network access, Or may reside within HMI 26, or reside in and be directly linked on the single equipment of HMI 26.In this way, HMI supplier or software vendor can provide many possible structure blocks, according to above-mentioned structure block can to screen and Complicated control is programmed with function for monitoring.In fact, the storehouse 44 of available equipment key element is may reside within HMI 26 It is beneficial to configuration HMI 26, as described below.Screen command can be called for executing the phase based on operator's input The equipment key element of the function of prestige, and these instructions can be programmed to the version of pre-programmed key element.For example, operator can be led to The key that crosses on the position or pressure keyboard touched on touch screen is providing initial input.Be then based on screen command and with instruction The equipment key element of association（For example, pre-configured equipment key element is called or is executed with specific location triggered）The phase can be executed The function of prestige.Therefore, operator can be interacted with process, generally in order to changing screen view, write depositor or life Order generates other outputs or control signal.In unit is realized, interaction can simply be recalled or data storage, change Become screen etc..

In the case where some HMI have many such screens and substantial amounts of equipment key element, one or more can be adopted Multiple single interface screens.Each equipment key element further uniquely can be programmed to consider specific input, execute concrete Function and generate signal for specifically exporting.As is described below, multiple such equipment key elements can be by Load and be hosted in single software " container "（For example, ActiveX containers）In.

Can pass through directly with HMI 26 in itself（If there is one）On screen or panel interact to match somebody with somebody HMI 26 is put, but configuration will be executed from long-range program terminal 46 in many cases.For example, via browser 48 or class As application directly providing the access to being resident storehouse 44 and/or operating system 30 and application 40.In the present implementation, in programming Other special softwares are not needed at terminal 46.In fact, during the server 42 resided on HMI 26 can be provided to storehouse 44 Equipment key element access.By equipment key element directly in thesauruss 44 on HMI 26, version is eliminate or reduced The risk of conflict etc..In addition, HMI 26 can be connected directly to program terminal 46, or by reference to distributing to HMI's 26 IP address（Internet protocol address）Accessed.

Access control scheme can be used to limit the ability for changing screen and equipment key element.For example, it may be desirable to password or User's access state is obtaining the access.Additionally, in the embodiment that conceives at present, program terminal automatically recognizes HMI 26 Or following terminals, HMI 26 is used as being couple to program terminal 46 on the terminal（For example, similar to external memory storage or drive Dynamic）Equipment be resident.Therefore, program terminal is once connected to, and HMI 26 simply can be " recognized " as can be accessed for Equipment（Following configuration screens and instrument are provided）.

Once it is that program terminal 46 is addressable to reside in the equipment key element on HMI 26, then can be via carrying out self-programming The communication link of terminal 46 is directly changed on HMI 26 or updates the aspect of HMI 26.For example, user may want to more New specific HMI figures to provide data, for example historical data or with the information phase received from the sensor 34 that reinstalls The trend of pass.Therefore, user is may be found that with off-line mode（For example, change is not immediately performed）In the case of update for table The HMI figures for showing such data are desired or easily.In this case, user can be via 46 chain of program terminal It is connected to the storehouse 44 of available equipment key element and uses it to modification HMI figures or function in development environment.

It is noted that additional equipment key element can be added to storehouse 44.For example, if trend equipment key element is not resident in On HMI 26, such element can be downloaded to HMI 26 from the repository 50 resided in program terminal 46 by user.Or, User can be from can be via network（For example, the Internet）The resources bank 52 of access directly arrives HMI 26 or by program terminal 46 accessing trend equipment key element.This can be with particularly advantageous, this is because new and improved equipment key element can individually simultaneously And it is downloaded to HMI 26 on a regular basis, thus in the converse routine or HMI operating systems for not needing regular release new, Or increase new function in the case of environment software during operation or when designing.Development environment can be provided to the chain in such storehouse Connect.Additionally, in the embodiment using embedded code（For example, operating system, server software, device object etc.）, due to Embedded code is resided on HMI 26, it is possible to avoid with the version conflict of embedded code and can to eliminate program terminal soft The necessity of part upgrading.

For Tracing Control and the status information of one or more parts of monitoring system 24, control and monitoring system 24 Part can use the distributed data model for representing control and the various aspects of monitoring system 24.For example, distributed data Model can enable the copy of the multiple cache of the data model of representative control and monitoring system 24 be present in control with In monitoring system 24（For example, at the one or more parts in the part in control with monitoring system 24）.As following will more As describing in detail, distributed data model can be in conjunction with increment（delta）Script and distributed command are processed and carry out work. Increment script can make one or more parts of control and monitoring system 24 can determine the state change of data model, raw Control is supplied to prison into the only increment script of the change comprising data model and/or whole data model and by increment script The miscellaneous part of viewing system 24.The data that miscellaneous part can consume increment script and will be contained in increment script are applied to The copy of the local cache of data model（For example, it is distributed with one of the part of monitoring system 24 place that control is included in Copy）.Additionally, as will be discussed in more detail like that, control can be utilized with some parts of monitoring system 24 and be enabled The distributed execution engine of distributed command process is enough carried out.Such distributed command is processed makes control with monitoring system 24 Distributed elements can process order execution based on the event or program for being supplied to distributed elements.

Passed on by using distributed data model, distributed increment（For example, via increment script）And it is distributed Order is executed, and control as a result and monitoring system 24 can more robusts and flexibly.For example, centralized control is not to rely on Centralized data model at system/supervision equipment 30, it is possible to use the distributed copies of data model with affect control with prison Change in viewing system 24.For example, it is not to rely on centralized data model at control/supervision equipment 30 to affect HMI 26 change, HMI 26 can include the copy of distributed data pattern, and which depends on the copy to affect within HMI 26 Change.Additionally, HMI 26 can receive following state increments 43（For example, via increment script）, the state increment 43 is by HMI The local replica of 26 data models that are consumed and being applied to HMI by HMI 26.Additionally, such as will retouch in further detail below As stating, HMI 26 can locally execute engine including following（For example, the enforcement engine of HMI 26 is distributed in）, this is locally held Row engine is used at HMI 26 executing the order provided to HMI 26.

Additionally, this function enables synchronous data storage to exist across control and monitoring system 24.These synchronizations Data storage can be by enabling multiple users to will be synchronous with each data storage in other data storages Individual data storage makes a change and allows to cooperate.Further, since data storage can be with cache control and monitoring system The single copy of 24 data, it is possible to changed offline.For example, though when controller is unavailable, by using The data of one of data storage high speed caching, user can be modified with monitoring system 24 to control.When user recovers Line（For example, it is possible to access process device）When, the modification that is made by user in off-line case can be same with other data storages Step.Therefore, change can be supplied to control and monitoring system 24 with more consistent and reliable way by user.

For example, a user can be changed to tag definition, metadata definition in design software, can be to design Key element renaming, can change alarm setting, change data type and/or modification data record situation, such as Rockwell The RSLogix 5000 of limited company of automatization^TM.These changes that is submitted to by user can be carried out to local datastore. When online, these changes can be passed to other data storages in control with monitoring system 24, so as to cross-system 24 Apply the change.When offline, these changes can be retained in local datastore and when returning online（For example, again It is connected to the controller of control and monitoring system 24）Can be by synchronization.By the automatic transmission for changing, the change of redundancy can be avoided Change and enter and save R＆D work.Additionally, based on the automatic renaming transmission carried out by system 24, it is possible to reduce debug and first Beginningization.Further, since these changes can originate from whole system, so can be with when different user develops controller and HMI Allow flexible workflow.

As described above, by distributed data model, via increment script by change be transferred to distributed data model and Distribution command is executed, and can greatly improve control and monitoring system 24 relative to Traditional control and monitoring system.For example, it is possible to Come Service controll and monitoring by control with any one copy in the multiple copies of the data model of distribution in monitoring system 24 The client of system 24（For example, the part of the data in the data model of request control and monitoring system 24）.Control and monitoring System 24 can be from based on many decision factors a factor determine which copy come service client.For example, it is possible to Specific distributed data model copy is selected with based on effectiveness of performance such as high-efficiency network path（For example, which copy is most leaned on Nearly client, local on network or which network path with there is maximum bandwidth etc.）Provide data to client. Additionally, can also include process in the judgement considers this factor.For example, the control of this robust and monitoring system 24 can be with Data are enable to be provided to the client using load-balancing technique.In one embodiment, can from comprising known or The part of distributed copies of the data model of less request may be provided than control with the miscellaneous part of monitoring system 24 to visitor Family end provides data.In one example, control can include two control/supervision equipments 30 with monitoring system 24（For example, 2 Individual automatic controller）.Control can predict with monitoring system 24 or observe the first control/supervision equipment 30 to the second control/ Supervision equipment 30 receives the request more about data.Therefore, control is can determine from the second control/prison with monitoring system 24 Depending on 30 service client of equipment avoiding excessive use first from controlling/supervision equipment 30.Thus, control can be with monitoring system 24 By the load based on the part in control and monitoring system 24 come balancing requests avoiding the overflow of control/supervision equipment 30. In some embodiments, this can include and working as the amount of the number of threshold values or data asking to provide to request from single part It is moved to when reaching threshold value at overflow source.In some embodiments, substantially uniformly divide when this can be included in offer data Stand request load or data volume.

In addition to the load-balancing performance of distributed data model, increment script and enforcement engine can be provided, these Performance can also be beneficial to control and the data redundancy in monitoring system 24.For example, control with monitoring system 24 in one or Multiple parts can monitor one or more distributed copies of data model.Detect copy unstable when（For example, do not have The copy of distributed model is represented exactly）, unstable copy can be by stable copy replacement（For example, represent exactly The copy of distributed model）.Can be confirmed as with the control of the copy of expression data model and prison exactly from being distributed in Any one copy in other copies of data model in viewing system 24 and obtain stable copy.

In some embodiments, control can access following redundancy ponds, the redundancy pond with the part of monitoring system 24 Effective copy to distributed data model or control and the monitoring system 24 of the effective copy to distributed storage data model Part provide localizer.For example, when the data in client component requests data model, which can access reception and registration and where may be used To obtain the redundancy pond of data.As described above, control can monitor data model with one or more parts of monitoring system 24 Copy determining unstable copy.When one or more unstable copies are detected, control and monitoring system 24 Localizer can be moved to unstable copy or store the control of unstable copy and the part of monitoring system 24 by part. Therefore, the unstable copy can not be accessed via redundancy pond.

In some embodiments, as described above, removing unstable copy from redundancy pond（Or store unstable pair This part）Afterwards, control can replace unstable copy with stable version with the part of monitoring system 24.Unstable Copy replaced after, control can will replace stable release with the part of monitoring system 24（Or stable release is replaced in storage Part）Again increase go back to redundancy pond to use for future.

In order to preferably illustrate relation during design between environment and runtime environment, Fig. 3 provide represent HMI 26 with Interactive high level flow chart between program terminal 46.The following provide the more details with regard to the process.It is commonly used for HMI 26 and the platform of program terminal 46 include the software 38 of operating system or execution, application software 40 and any communicate soft Part, microprocessor, network interface, input/output hardware, regular software storehouse, data base administration, user interface software etc.（In Fig. 3 Not specifically shown）.In the embodiment as shown, platform and platform reciprocal action within the HMI 26 during operation during design.If When timing platform will act as designing, the view of environment 16 is supplied to desktop PC's platform（Suitable operation system is for example run 38 such as Windows XP, Windows Vista or Linux of system）, and platform is via operating system when running（For example WindowsCE、Linux）With platform cooperation during design.Platform offer dynamic state server content 54 during design, and platform when running Show with regard to the views of itself of HMI 26（If providing display screen on HMI 26）.During design, environment 16 is in browser 48（Example Such as web browser or other general browsers）Middle display.

Fig. 3 when very high level illustrates design environment 16 how with operating system 38, application 40 and runtime environment 14 Reciprocal action.Arrow 56 represents the dynamic exchange of content between HMI 26 and program terminal 46.Generally, with environment 16 during design Reciprocal action is initially configuration HMI screens or visualization, equipment key element and their function and interaction, or reconfigures this The task of the designer 58 of software.Generally directly interacted with runtime environment 14 on HMI 26 by operator 60. It should be noted that when when design, environment 16 has special requirement, in the present embodiment, this is largely dependent upon behaviour Make system 38, application software 40 and runtime environment 14.During design, environment 16 and runtime environment 14 can utilize some benchmark Technology（Such as DHTML, HTML, HTTP, dynamic state server content, JavaScript, Web browser）To put down in design respectively Operate in platform when platform and operation.Although, in shown embodiment, when runtime environment 14 and design, environment 16 is resident On detached platform, but in some embodiments, when runtime environment 14 and design, environment 16 may reside within same On platform.For example, platform and platform can be configured to or be considered as single platform during operation during design.

In one embodiment of the invention, network implementation when make use of design.In dynamic state server in such as by Fig. 3 Appearance 54 is marked and as described below, and during the design, network implementation is clear by using the network that there is the DHTML from HMI to support Look at device（Such as, 48）, speed and the motility of software when operating in design on platform are provided.DHTML is used for setting timing ring Web content in border 16 carries out dynamic operation.Additionally, dynamic state server content 54 used in HMI is with by dynamic webcontent Environment 16 when being supplied to design.The dynamic client-server environment enables web browser be directed to phase Close application of the dry run in design on platform in the case of the software of processor compiling.

One or more equipment key elements when Fig. 4 shows the design according to this technology embodiment in environment Figure.The figure is included by display 100（Such as, for the screen of browser display）, between attribute Editor 102 and HMI 26 Interaction shown in relation.

During the design represented with configuration screen or display 100, environment includes static content 104 and dynamic content.In dynamic Holding includes and 106 corresponding image of equipment key element that is any shown or representing（Such as, virtual on/off button, measuring instrument）. In a kind of embodiment of this technology, image by HTML in image tag specify and be by HMI as described below A part for the jpeg file of establishment.Static content 104 can be by Active Server Pages（ASP）Server is creating or it can To preexist in html file.It should be noted that in some embodiments, the designer for only specifying can be to static state Content 104 enters edlin.

During the design represented by configuration screen or display 100, environment includes static content 104 and dynamic content.In dynamic Holding includes and 106 corresponding image of equipment key element that is any shown or representing（Such as, virtual on/off button, measuring instrument）. In a kind of embodiment of this technology, image be by HTML in image tag specifying and be by as described below A part for the jpeg file that HMI is created.Static content 104 can be created by ASP servers or it can preexist in In html file.It should be noted that in some embodiments, it is intended that designer only can enter edlin to static content 104.

In the expression of Fig. 4, equipment key element represents that 106 are included in view container 108.As those skilled in the art manage Solution, container typically defines the part in the process space that particular device key element is opened and is ready to use.Therefore, container 108 can be corresponding with the first view container of the key element for only including to check in current screen.As discussed above, exist Many such screens can be set in HMI.Other screens such as control of replacement or interface screen can be arranged on other views In container such as container 110.Usually, in order to accelerate the operation of HMI（Such as, the change between screen view）, by limit and its Each equipment key element of expression that is associated or being provided with equipment key element wherein come these view containers pre-qualified and by its Associated with each other.Global container 112 can be defined to include all devices key element necessary to various view containers and can be Other key elements not indicated that out in any view container.As figure 4 illustrates, therefore, view container 108 includes executing " gently Push away " function and by the first screen in expression come the virtual push button 106 that shows.If new container 110 includes dry part as " opened Begin " button 114, " stopping " button 116, virtual instrument 118 and digital readout device 120 etc..Global container 112 then include for All these equipment key elements of various view containers, and operate required for visible equipment key element however its own be not can Any equipment key element 122 that sees.These equipment key elements can include executing calculating, making trend, communication and many other functions Key element.

Fig. 4 also show the attribute Editor 102 that user wherein can access each attribute of key element 106.As above institute Discuss, key element 106 can also include connection and the text being associated with key element 106, its can with by user by with attribute The similar editing machine of editing machine 102 is configuring.

In one embodiment, attribute Editor 102 can pass through from browser（Such as, the browser 48 of Fig. 2）To staying The server 96 stayed in HMI 26（Such as, http server）Inquiry string interacting with HMI 26.Server 96 With include just like dynamic link library（DLL）ASP servers 98 Deng the interconnection mechanism 12 based on module are cooperated with receiving simultaneously Response inquiry.DLL allows for executable routine to be stored as single file, and when program needs or quotes, these are individually literary Part can be loaded.In the examples described above, when a call is received, by 98 heavily loaded page of ASP servers and to polling character String is initially parsed, and this causes the assessment to movement directive.Server side scripting equipment key element then to being represented by image 106 18 conduct interviews to update its position attribution.Then new attribute information is updated on webpage and the page is transmitted Arrive browser 48.

Pass on state change

Through discussing with reference to the distributions change notification use executed by increment script and distributed command The benefit of distributed data model, will be discussed to distributions change notification below in further detail.As discussed above , Fig. 2 be according to this technology embodiment be adapted in use to increment script come provide the exemplary control of unit information with The outline of monitoring system 24 is represented.As shown, control can include one or more man-machine interfaces with monitoring system 24 （HMI）The 26 one or more control/supervision equipments 30 being attached with the part being suitable to process 28.Control/monitoring sets Standby 30 can include contributing to executing task in control with monitoring system 24（Such as, processing controls, remote equipment monitoring, data Obtain etc.）One or more processors and data storage device.Additionally, program terminal 46 can cause one or more Individual user can be configured to the attribute of HMI 26 and/or control/supervision equipment 30.

In control environment, the various objects of control and monitoring system 24（Such as, control program, label, module configuration and HMI screen）State can be stored in control and all parts of monitoring system 24（Such as, program terminal 46, control/monitoring set Standby 30, I/O modules and/or HMI terminal 26）Memorizer（Such as, hard disk drive, read only memory, and/or random access memory are deposited Reservoir）In.Control with each in the part of monitoring system 24 can by loose coupling, asynchronous in the way of independently operating. Additionally, part can be with different programming techniques（Such as, C++, Java and/or C#）To implement.Due to controlling environmental objects Status information is made that change, it may be necessary to synchronize the status information with the status information resided on miscellaneous part, So that part can continuously know the state of control and the object in monitoring system 24.According to present embodiment, in order to protect Hold and be apprised of with status information, the self-winding parts of the status information that is stored with can receive the data of referred to as state increment 43（Such as, Altered state key element）, and do not receive and also do not change and thus all parts of the status information that is already present in being stored with On the status information for being stored in state key element.For example, state increment 43 can be included because in control and monitoring system 24 Action and altered any data.Unchanged status information is not provided by providing state increment 43, Ke Yiguan Measure the efficiency that improve.For example, in traditional control with 100 state key elements with monitoring system 24, can be by 100 Each state key element in individual state key element is supplied to each part for the status information for storing that object.By only providing The part of state increment 43, control and monitoring system 24 can only transmit the data for altered key element.Therefore, if In 100 state key elements, only one state key element changes, then will not transmit other 99 key elements, so as to reduce with regard to tradition The network traffics of system.Additionally, only provide state increment 43 and can reduce because of carelessness and override in control and monitoring system 24 The probability of the state change information for inside generating elsewhere.For example, in the case of 100 state key elements being generally noted above, If all 100 state key elements are transferred to miscellaneous part, 99 unchanged key elements may cause to elsewhere this The overriding of the change that one of a little 99 key elements are made.By only providing the key element of change（Such as, state increment 43）, above-mentioned 99 are not The key element of change has not been changed and has been communicated to an elements affect of miscellaneous part.

Through discussing the use of state increment 24, Fig. 5 shows and includes for control and monitoring system 24 The control of the persistence object model passed on by the state change between part and monitoring system 24.For example, above-mentioned part can To include control/supervision equipment 30（Such as, PLC）, be provided with the program terminal of item file 150 and such as trustship persistence object mould The parts such as the control/supervision equipment 30 and client 156 of type 152 and collaboration session 154.As discussed previously, control/monitoring Equipment 30 may be adapted to and process 28（Fig. 1）Part be attached.Item file 150 can be to control and monitoring system 24 Restriction and be stored in program terminal 46（Fig. 1）Memorizer（Such as, hard disk drive）In each attribute be indicated Computer documentss are exported.Persistence object model 152 can be control and the one or more parts in monitoring system 24 The computer model of status data, which is in the way of lasting（Such as, by by status data be stored in as hard disk drive non-easily In the property lost storage medium）Tracking is kept to control and the change of the status data in monitoring system 24.Persistence object model 152 Can serve as change and pass on authority, so that the executed change that all states to object are made all is by persistence object Model 152 is storing and pass on.As being discussed in greater detail following, collaboration session 154 can be control and monitoring Interactivity information Fabric Interface between the part of system 24, its provide environment for carrying out uncertain change（Such as, select in user After selecting execution some changes, can only by these change applications in be transferred in control and the miscellaneous part of monitoring system 24）. Client 156 can be control and the status information preservation by object of monitoring system 24 any other portion in memory Part, such as provides the part of the expression view of object.

In shown embodiment, shown part（Control/the monitoring for providing collaboration session data 154 sets Standby 30, provide the program terminal 46 of the item file 150 for updating, provide persistence object model 152 and collaboration session 154 Control/supervision equipment 30 and client 156）In each part include data capsule 158（As reserved for data Memorizer）.Data capsule 158 includes the shape that the state of the one or more objects to control and monitoring system 24 is defined State key element 160.State key element 160 can be defined such that different technology with data-driven version（Such as, C++, Java and/ Or C#）The data represented by state key element 160 can be used.As discussed previously, it may be desirable to being stored in control with prison Status information in all parts of viewing system 24 carries out effectively synchronous.Because the state being stored in data capsule 158 will Element 160 in one or more change, it is possible that need the Data Elements 160 being stored in miscellaneous part are carried out Synchronous.

As discussed above, persistence object model 152 can be answered in control and all parts in monitoring system 24 With the mechanism specified by during state change.Persistence object model 152 can include in its data capsule 158：Which is claimed It is the gold copy 162 of the status information for one or more objects（As shown by intersecting hachure）.Gold copy 162 copies for including the status information that control is always praised with monitoring system 24.In other words, gold copy 162 is state The authoritative copy of information.Each status information has the gold copy 162 of its own, and which may or may not be with other states The gold copy 162 of information resides in control and monitoring system 24 together（Such as, in identical computer system）Interior.If held Go one or more state factor changes, then the key element of change is supplied to gold copy in the form of increment script 170 162, increment script 170 is updated based on state factor change.Then pass through increment script 170 by state factor change from gold Copy is supplied to the miscellaneous part controlled with monitoring system 24.

In order to realize that in data capsule 158 state change, control can be played the part of different from the part of monitoring system 24 Role, these roles can include change instrument 164, change moderator 166 and audient 168.Change instrument 164（Such as, by working as Editing machine in front embodiment provides the client of the item file 150 of modification）Change is sent to change moderator 166 please Ask.Change instrument 164 can be by receiving asynchronous change response and/or errored response with regard to change request verifying change Success.Change moderator 166（Such as, the server of trustship persistence object model 42）The change for arriving is ranked, is led to Cross the asked change of execution and carry out processing variation, other side effect changes are made based on request or abandons the change.Change is secondary Cut out device 166 and the change response to change instrument 164 can be provided, change notification is published to audient 168 when change occurs （Such as, the client 156 being related in collaboration session 154 and/or control/supervision equipment 30）, and/or change is write gold pair This 162.Audient 168 receives change notification and using above-mentioned notice come being stored in its data capsule 158 to status information Local replica be updated.

As discussed previously, the programming technique used in all parts in control with monitoring system 24 may not be system One.For example, some parts can use C++, and miscellaneous part can use C# or Java.Therefore, Fig. 1 is arranged on change State increment 43 between instrument 164, change moderator 166 and audient 168 can be arranged on the number for not relying on particular technique According to driving increment script 170.Increment script 170 with establishment, renewal and/or can be deleted（CRUD）The form of data is describing Obj State changes.Create some or all of data of the establishment that data can include contributing to object（Such as rectangle, rectangle Locus, width and height）.For any data for not providing request to create can use default value.Update the data The data that have updated in object can be included（Such as, for the rectangular graph with the locus that have updated, number is updated According to can only include new locus）.Delete data to identify（Such as, its identifier is described）Removed Obj State Data（Such as, for the rectangle for having removed, deleting data can include the title of rectangle to be deleted）.In an example In, if producing change using following C# pseudo-codes：

In some embodiments, data-driven increment script may be similar to following pseudo- XML examples：

In alternative embodiment, it may not be necessary to including founder ID or mother ID.But, in the present embodiment These ID are provided with the additional data to including together with change（Such as, the mark of the entity of change is made and/or at which The lower female object for creating existing object）Illustrate.Because the increment script 170 of data-driven is unknowable or does not rely on Specific programming technique, so increment script 170 can be consumed by any miscellaneous part of control and monitoring system 24, and not The programming technique that consideration is used.

As shown in the above example, in some embodiments, increment script 170 can become including more than one Change.Therefore, increment script 170 is provided with all or none（all or nothing）Mode entirely changes the side of set to process Formula.For example, as implied above go out, include two groups of establishment data in increment script for the visualization on display, one group For creating rectangular image, one group is used for creating circular image.If the establishment of circular image produces mistake, can not complete Rectangle changes, and which results in all or none mode.

Increment script 170 can also including heading message such as change revision number, the timestamp when being changed, Make identifier and/or unique revision version identifier of the user of change etc..The identifier of user is potentially contributed to change Source is authenticated.Additionally, increment script 170 includes the identifier of the object for changing applied, altered state key element 160 Changing value with state key element 160.Creating data acquisition system can include the total state of object（Such as, all of state key element 160）, This is because each key element in state key element 160 will be introduced into the consumer of increment script 170 for the first time.

Fig. 6 is turned now to, change instrument 164, the state change between change moderator 166 and audience members 168 is shown The process 190 of reception and registration.In the present embodiment, audient 168（Such as, client 156）There is provided to collaboration session 154 and subscribe to request 192.Subscribing to request 192 can include the revised edition of the revision version 194 for the status information being stored in audience members 168 This number.If the revision version on collaboration session 154 is mismatched with the revision number sent in subscription request 192, Collaboration session will send by audience members 168 with to needed for the revision version being stored in collaboration session 154 to increment script The update notification immediately of 170 set.For example, in panel A, client 156 sends the subscription request for including revision version 5 192.Collaboration session 154 sends the increment script 170 for being directed to revision version 6,7 and 8 in revision version 8, therefore to client 156.Increment script 170 can be applied to client 156 its state, therefore as shown in panel B, client quilt Update revision version 8.

If change instrument 164（Such as, there is provided the client of the program file 150 of renewal or server）Update gold copy 162, then change notification to collaboration session 154 and should be subscribed to audience members（Such as, client 156）.Such as illustrate in panel B , when gold copy 162 is updated to revision version 9 from revision version 8（Such as, via by sending from change instrument 164 The elaborately planned change of the item file 150 of renewal）, change moderator 166 and provide for revision version to collaboration session 154 9 increment script 170.As shown in panel C, collaboration session 154 applies the increment script 170 for revision version 9, because This is updated to revision version 9.Then increment script 170 is passed to audience members 168（Such as, client 156）.Client 156 apply increment scripts 170 and are updated to revision version 9.

In some scenes, audience members may be needed than being stored in collaboration session 154 more increment scripts 170. For example, if client 156 will send subscription request 192 when in revision version 2 and collaboration session 154 is only with right In the increment script 170 of revision version 5 to 8, then client 156 is by there is still a need for for the increment script of revision version 3 and 4 170.If collaboration session 154 is just lacking necessary increment script 170, it can request that needed for gold copy 162 is provided Increment script 170.In some embodiments, gold copy 162 can store each revised edition of the status information for object This all increment scripts.But, in other embodiments, can only store the script of limited quantity（Such as, increment script 170 Last 5,10,50 or 100 revision versions）.If gold copy 162 can provide required script, can pass through Collaboration session 154 is passed to client 156.But, if necessary increment script can not be transmitted, can notify to receive Many members 168（Such as, by the message that makes an exception）And/or carry out heavily loaded receiving using the whole elements combination being associated with current state information Many members 168 so that audience members 168 are newest.If additionally, audience members 168 meet with the one or more increments of application The mistake of script 170, then use the whole elements combination being associated with current state information to carry out heavily loaded audience members 168.In addition Ground, in some cases, if substantial amounts of increment script 170 will be needed to update audience members 168, fully heavy duty is all Status information may be more efficient or cater to the need, rather than application state increment.In some embodiments, if desired The quantity of the increment script of application has exceeded maximal increment script threshold value, then use be associated with current state information entirely will Element set carrys out heavily loaded audience members 168.Maximal increment script threshold value can be tended to based on the meeting for being perceived so that state letter The significantly more efficient increment script quantity of increment script that the complete heavy duty of breath is compared loading and increased is come self-defined.

In some embodiments, control can also include reverse increment with monitoring system 24.Reversely increment is to from current Revision version changes back to the necessary change of previous revision version and is described.If be employed, reversely increment script can be by One revision version of status information rollback of object.This reverse increment script applications are identical with reverse increment script to including Revision version quantity data capsule（Such as, the data capsule 158 of Fig. 5）.Reversely increment script can aid in establishment and be directed to " cancellation " function of change of carrying out in control with monitoring system 24, and can be also used for withdrawing also do not carry out uncertain Change, as created before being changed in collaboration session 154.

Fig. 7 is shown according to one of embodiment cancellation scene.In panel A, object 210 is initiated by the first client The edit session for revision version 211.First client enters edlin in the session, by 210 band of object to panel B In uncertain revision version 214.First client disconnects, and when broken apart, the second client cancels 214 He of revision version 213, as shown in panel C.Then, the second client makes new change 213 and 214.

In order to prevent the first client revision number to be based only upon to detect it be newest, can be assigned to each revised edition This identifier is so that the combination of revision number and identifier creates the unique identifier for the revision number.Such as Fruit applies reverse increment script retain cancelled increment script to cancel change, then, so that " reforming " can be implemented Function.If reforming change, the previous identifier for the revision version is reused, this is because the increment script is It is reintroduced back to previously removed identical change.But, if making new revision version, using new revision version mark Know symbol and cancelled so that not controlling originally to obscure using the newly revised edition with identical numbering with the part of monitoring system 24 Revision version.

For example, each in the revision version in Fig. 7 has associated identifier.Revision version 211 has mark Know symbol M, there is revision version 212 identifier R, original revision version 213 there is identifier T and original revision version 214 have identifier X.If cancelling revision version 214 and 213, they are never determined to remove in revision version.If they " cancellation ", then be re-added to uncertain change by them, regenerates the revision version with identical identifier T and X.But It is, in present exemplary, to make new change, is respectively created the newly revised edition sheet 213 and 214 with identifier S and Y.Because They are completely new revision versions, so identifying above-mentioned revision version using new identifier S and Y.Once the first client Return presence and carry out reformulating readding for renewal, then certainly it is currently not newest, this is because which is final Revision version be 214-X and current revision version is 214-Y.In some embodiments, can pass through to track revision version Number and identifier so as to finding edit path and update revision version information updating the first client.In other embodiment In, if it find that inconsistent revision version symbolic identifier, the then whole set of use state information（Such as, all of state will Element 160）Carry out the heavily loaded part.

Can be to carrying out the collaboration session of uncertain editor（Such as, the collaboration session 154 in Fig. 6）Outer gold copy （Such as, the gold copy 162 in Fig. 6）Make change.Fig. 8 shows following scene：Currently carry out in collaboration session 154 Make while uncertain editor for the external change of gold copy 162.As shown, the revision version to object 210 221-B application the first uncertain changes deltas 1 generate revision version 222-J.Additionally, respectively by the second uncertain changes delta 2 and the 3rd Uncertain changes delta 3 is used for generating revision version 223-N and revision version 224-D.Carry out uncertain changes delta 1, Δ 2 and Δ 3 it Before, external change Δ 1 ' is applied to another part of monitoring system 24 by control and is currently at revision version 221-B Gold copy 162.If collaboration session 154 receives the notice that new revision version 222 is present, collaboration session 154 withdraws Uncertain changes delta 3, Δ 2 and Δ 1（Preserve as following pending forward direction increment）.Then, collaboration session application pin Increment script to revision version 222-H, and and then reapply and be respectively created revision version 223-R, 224-C and 225-X Uncertain changes delta 1, Δ 2 and Δ 3.In some cases, uncertain changes delta 1, Δ 2 and Δ 3 can be changed with revision version Them are applied after 222-H.In some embodiments, can notify to make in collaboration session 154 audient of uncertain change into The uncertain change of member is applied to gold copy 162 in the way of covering external change.

In some cases, user may expect to terminate in the uncertain change that makes in collaboration session 154.Fig. 9 shows For stopping the process of the uncertain revision in collaboration session 154.As shown in present exemplary, user is from revision version 221-B creates uncertain changes delta 1, generates revision version 222-J.Uncertain changes delta 2 is created from revision version 222-J, generation is repaiied Order version 2 23-N.Further, uncertain changes delta 3 is created from state 223-N, generate revision version 224-D.User can be true That fixed change is not required and/or be not desired and change can be cancelled（Such as, by selecting the program terminal 46 in Fig. 2 In cancel button）.In order to withdraw uncertain change, the part with unsettled condition change can be applied for each uncertain change Change（Such as, Δ 3, Δ 2 and Δ 1）Reverse increment so that retain original non-uncertain revision version（Such as, revision version 51-B）. Alternately, because gold copy 162 has the newest non-uncertain revision version for being stored（Such as, change to be aborted is not included The revision version of change）, so part can simply from the status information that 162 heavy duty of gold copy is whole.Therefore, such as Fig. 9 institutes Show, by reverse increment or from 162 heavy duty of gold copy, revision version 221-B is left to collaboration session at time T1.Cause This, collaboration session can be used to undertake from revision version 221-B carries out additional editor（Such as, Δ 4）, at time T2, generate new repairing Order version 2 22-R.

In some cases, it is beneficial multiple uncertain changes to be compressed into revision version, rather than for uncertain Each in change is creating single revision version.Figure 10 shows implementation below：By some in uncertain change Change is combined into one group of editor so that generate less revision version.As shown, edit session is opened at time T0. By uncertain change application to revision version 221-B, revision version 222-J, 223-N and 224-D is generated.Uncertain change can with right The change that shared state key element is made is relevant（Such as, each change can change rectangle locus over the display）.For example, Revision version 222-J can be by rectangular arrangement in the central authorities of screen, and rectangle position can be updated and arrive screen by revision version 223-N The upper left corner, and revision version 224-D can be by the lower left corner of the location updating to screen.Therefore, although be applied with some Value changes, but only may need from original value（Such as, revision version 221-B）Arrive end value（For example, on screen, the lower left corner is put Put, as described in revision version 2 24-D）Increment.Therefore, the middle revision version in collaboration session 154 may decline Reduce to the single revision version on gold copy 162.Therefore, as in T2 shown in, uncertain changes delta 1,3 quilt of Δ 2 and Δ Compress and be applied to revision version 221-B, generate revision version 222-R.It is configured to work as in part and detects and revised edition When number associated conflict mark is accorded with the embodiment of fully heavily loaded all status informations, when notifying parts revision version 222-R can use（Such as, illustrate at T3）When, part can be directed to all status informations of revision version 222-R with heavy duty.Such as this Art personnel it should be appreciated that this only may be employed to combine increment a form of compression.There is provided shows Example is not intended to limit the compress technique for uncertain change.

Distributed command is executed

In turning now to following discussion：When change is once be communicated, how change is applied in the control with monitoring system 24, Figure 11 is shown with all parts（Such as, HMI terminal 26, control/supervision equipment 30, program terminal 46, intelligent input/output Equipment 260 and mute input/output（I/O）Equipment 262）Control and monitoring system 24.During intelligent I/O equipment 260 can include Central Processing Unit（CPU）, so that intelligence I/O equipment 260 can be based on being supplied to their data come execution logic.Mute I/O Equipment 262 can not include CPU, therefore may rely on controller by Logic application to their input.

Enforcement engine 264 can be embedded in control and can support in all parts of enforcement engine with monitoring system 24. In one example, the part with CPU is embedded with enforcement engine 264.Enforcement engine 264 can be by control and monitoring system 24 In change（Such as, state increment 43）It is applied in all parts with embedded enforcement engine 264.Enforcement engine 264 is wrapped Include order（Such as, command script 266）With trigger condition 268.When trigger condition 268 is assessed as true time by enforcement engine 264 Execute command script 266.For example, trigger condition 268 can be evaluated as very in a case where：When intelligent I/O equipment 260 or mute The state of I/O equipment 262 is changed, and the data value in control/supervision equipment 30 is changed（Such as, produced by increment script 170） And/or when user is interacted with HMI 26.By by enforcement engine 264 throughout control and all parts of monitoring system 24 come Distribution, more efficiently can be changed with monitoring system 24 in processing controls.For example, it is possible to utilize the process of the CPU of all parts Ability is executing control with the control logic needed for the part of monitoring system 24.Additionally, comparing the controller of concentration, control and prison Order in the various parts of viewing system 24 is executed can be increased redundancy and/or provide more preferable place to execute order.Example Such as, in response to control and the change of monitoring system 24, intelligent I/O equipment 260 is made to be able to carry out 260 institute of intelligent I/O equipment peculiar Logic, without depending on control/supervision equipment 30.

As discussed above, some parts（Such as, mute I/O equipment 262）Embedded enforcement engine 264 may not be supported, Or enforcement engine 264 may be supported but not had embedded.These parts may rely on miscellaneous part（Such as, control/monitoring Equipment 30）To execute for the logic without the part of embedded enforcement engine 84.For example, as shown in fig. 11, mute I/O equipment 262 does not have embedded enforcement engine 264.Conversely, the traditional logic using control/supervision equipment 30（Such as, trapezoidal Logic（LL）, functional block diagram（FBD）, SFC（SFC）Deng）Carry out polling data.

Mentioned order（For example, the command script such as relay ladder logic 266 as defined in user and/or system）Can be with It is stored in tangible, non-volatile, computer-readable medium（Such as hard drives, data base, read only memory and/or random access memory Memorizer）In computer-readable instruction（Such as, object）, to be performed when trigger condition occurs or at scheduling time. For example, order can be stored in data capsule 158 in Figure 5.Order can be from the basic Similar integral attribute of order and/or function Baseset.Can by specific attribute and behavior be added to basic apoplexy due to endogenous wind with draw other order classes as be used for screen navigation and Write the class of label value etc..In some embodiments, basic class is ordered to include parameter, or can be used for being input into and export The set of supplemental characteristic name/value pair.Additionally, the basic class of order can include indicating that order has completed " completing " category for executing Property.Order basic class include indicating to cause order to execute the wrong community for stopping because of mistake.Additionally, the basic class of order can To include being responsible for the storage, clearing ordered with monitoring system 24 for whom determines by control（Such as, any entity should executed Afterwards order is deleted from data capsule 158）Female attribute.Order basic class include the title category for being identified order Property.Name attribute can be used in expression and trigger condition 268, so that the attribute of order can trigger additional command.Life Make basic class include the Process Attributes of the executive process for indicating order and also there can be the execution of instruction order Time-out（Such as, it has been not carried out within the time period that is distributed）Timeout properties.Order basic class include adding order To the scheduling attributes of appropriate execution thread, below which will be discussed in more detail further.Additionally, the basic class of order can be with Including including the execution attribute of execute instruction.

In some embodiments, order can be combined or is put together.There are two kinds of basic complex forms：Sequentially Order is compound and parallel command is combined.In sequence command is compound, each order in group is put into together with given order Execute one at a time.A compound example of useful sequence command can be the Management Information Base for carrying out following process：1）Write Enter label to start tank filling（tankfilling）, 2）Wait specific label value, and 3）Change the state of graphic element. The following is the compound pseudo-code example of possible sequence command：

In parallel command is compound, each order that puts together in complex was executed in the same time.For example, below Write tag command to execute in the same time started：

In some embodiments, the compound combination that can include sequentially compound and parallel composition is ordered.For example：

Turn now to Figure 12, there is provided the embodiment of the frame circulation 300 executed by enforcement engine.Frame circulates 300 The operation controlled time period（Such as, 30 times per second）One group of computer-readable instruction.The target of frame circulation 300 is to being supplied to figure The data variation of 11 enforcement engine 264（Such as, state increment 43）Make a response.As shown, frame circulation 300 can be assessed Expression at frame 302.For example, expression data are provided by data acquisition thread 303（Such as, the value of data object）, data obtain Line taking journey 303 can conduct interviews to the status data controlled with monitoring system 24.Frame circulation based on the expression that is assessed come To trigger condition at frame 304（Such as, the trigger condition 268 in Figure 11）It is estimated.To trigger if based on the expression that is assessed Any one in condition 268 is evaluated as very, then order that can be to being associated with trigger condition 268（Such as, the order in Figure 11 Script）It is scheduled or executes.As being discussed in greater detail below, with regard to Figure 13, can execute in frame circulation 300 Some orders, and can be in other threads or thread pool（Such as, user input thread 305 and thread pool 307）In to other life Order is scheduled and executes.Frame ordering or the scheduled order to run in frame circulation 300 are executed at frame 106.Then, exist Execute any transition to update at frame 308（Such as, how from value changes to the computer-readable instruction of another value）.Transition is more A new example can include the graphic animations for representing state change, for example, show the animation for the flowing for opening valve Arrow, or for the animation arrow for fading out of nearest state change that represents of image conversion ground.Then, frame circulation 300 can be provided Change by performed order application（Such as, there is provided the screen picture of renewal and/or new data value）.

As discussed above, frame circulation 300 can run the controlled time period（Such as, 30 times per second）.In some enforcements In mode, frame circulation 300 can be adjusted by the part 100 that circulates come skipped frame with the time interval that gives and be executed.Example Such as, it is assumed that 300 operation per second of frame circulation 30 times, then frame circulation 300 can be designed to every three frames table up to assessment（Frame 102）, can start at each the 3rd frame to be estimated trigger from the second frame（Frame 304）, and can open from the 3rd frame Begin every three frame provides transition and updates（Frame 308）.The offer（Frame 310）Can continue to execute at each frame, or can be most preferably Run only when change occurs.Therefore, each in frame still can be executed in order, but be adjusted to less frequency Rate（Such as, 1/3 frequency or 10 frame per second）To execute.

Furthermore, it is possible to change frame rate based on the hardware for running enforcement engine 264.For example, in some embodiments, If the processor using lower capability is such as based onSystem, then frame circulation can be run with 12 frame per second, such as Using the system based on Atom, then frame circulation can be run fruit with 30 frame per second, if using desk computer, frame is circulated Can be run with 60 frame per second, and if using the system based on browser, then frame circulation can be transported with 24 frame per second OK.Additionally, transition option can allow less transition（Such as, every 6 frame 1 time）And/or can allow flat depending on used Platform and allow transition to present less（Such as, every frame it is not）.Enforcement engine 264 can be adapted to be based on determined by frame circulation The execution time in 300 various stages is adjusted to frame circulation 300 in run duration.For example, expressing heavy screen can More expression assessment times can be needed, and the heavy screen of transition may need more transition processings/execution time.

Discussion of the traffic order to execute with regard to how is turned now to, Figure 13 is shown for according to embodiment traffic order Process 320.When trigger condition 268 is evaluated as true time at frame 322, start dispatch deal 320.As discussed previously, There may be the one or more orders being associated with trigger condition 268.Depend on the order being associated with trigger condition 268 Type, process and 320 can take one in two paths.Order can be frame ordering 324 or order thread 326.Frame is ordered The data in frame circulation 300 for making 324 impacts main.In order to execute in main frame circulation 300, can be by frame ordering 324 It is added to frame ordering list 326.It is then possible in main frame circulation 300（Frame 306 in Figure 12）Upper execution frame ordering 324. Generally, these orders change the data for bringing up again confession for needing data.Therefore, it can prior to providing（Frame 310 in Figure 12）To hold These orders capable.

Order thread 326 is the order that the data in memory space frame circulation 300 not executed conduct interviews.Can be Circulate from frame and on 300 different threads, freely dispatch these orders.Therefore, if trigger condition 268 is commented for order thread 326 It is true to estimate, then scheduling thread order is with operation in thread pool 307.More efficiently can utilize by using thread pool 307 Resource.For example, by circulating holding order thread 326 in 300 threads from frame, frame circulation 300 can freely execute prior life Order and/or the order having to operate in frame circulation 300.

Although only illustrating and describing some features of the present invention herein, those skilled in the art will recognize that perhaps Many modifications and variations.Therefore it should be understood that claims are intended to cover all these falling within the true spirit of the invention Modifications and variations.

Claims (24)

1. one kind is controlled and monitoring system, including：

At least one automatic controller, is configured to the one or more aspects for controlling multiple automatic control components；

Distributed data model, the distributed data model include multiple copies of data model, the data model many Individual copy is stored at least one automatic controller, is stored at least subset of the plurality of automatic control component, Or be stored in both of the above；And

Redundancy pond, including one group of localizer, one group of localizer points to the described of one of multiple copies of data storage model At least one automatic controller, at least subset of the plurality of automatic control component, or more both；

Wherein, the change of the distributed data model is compiled into increment script；

Wherein, the increment script is distributed at least one automatic controller, the institute being associated with one group of localizer State multiple automatic control components at least subset, or more both so that multiple copies of the change application to data model； And

Wherein, based on increment script applications change at least one automatic controller, the plurality of automatic control component or Both of the above is configured to：Based on by the automatic controller, by multiple automatic outside at least one automatic controller At least one of control unit executes order by the trigger event that both of the above determines；

Wherein, the generation of the trigger event is by least one of multiple copies based on increment script applications to data model Change cause.

2. control according to claim 1 and monitoring system, including：

The plurality of automatic control component that networking is networked together and with least one automatic controller；

Wherein, the distributed data model includes the expression of one or more aspects of the part of multiple networkings, and institute State distributed data model to be stored at least subset of the plurality of automatic control component.

3. control according to claim 2 and monitoring system, wherein, point to the unstable copy stored in multiple copies At least one automatic controller, the plurality of automatic control component, or more both localizers by from redundancy pond move Remove, until unstable copy is replaced by stable copies.

4. control according to claim 3 and monitoring system, wherein store described at least one automatic control of multiple copies Device processed, at least subset of the plurality of automatic control component, or more both be configured to the following manner synchronously change Change：Receive increment script and the corresponding local replica by increment script applications to data model.

5. control according to claim 3 and monitoring system, wherein pass through any one copy in the plurality of copy To service for the client request of the data in the distributed model.

6. control according to claim 3 and monitoring system, wherein by the plurality of copy based on effectiveness of performance The copy that specifies is servicing the client request for data.

7. control according to claim 3 and monitoring system, wherein by including at least one automatic controller Be less frequently utilized one in the automatic controller being less frequently utilized, the plurality of automatic control component in one group of automatic controller Automatic control component, or more both servicing the client request for data, to avoid the more profit with regard to request of data Automatic controller, the more automatic control component for utilizing, or more both overflows.

8. control according to claim 3 and monitoring system, including supervision application, the supervision application is configured to detect The one or more unstable version for not representing the data model exactly of the plurality of copy.

9. control according to claim 8 and monitoring system, wherein described supervision application are configured to from the plurality of pair Obtain the stable release of the data model in this to replace the unstable version.

10. control according to claim 9 and monitoring system, wherein described control are configured to use institute with monitoring system State stable release and replace the unstable version.

11. controls according to claim 7 and monitoring system, including：The data of request, threshold quantity for number of threshold values, Or more both, supply from single part request；And when exceed the request of number of threshold values, the data of threshold quantity, or more Both when, supply from overflow means request.

12. controls according to claim 2 and monitoring system, wherein described control are configured to monitoring system：

At least one automatic controller of unstable copy of the detection in multiple copies of data storage model, described Multiple automatic control components, or more one or more unstable version in multiple copies of both data models, its Described in unstable version be the distributed model the copy for not representing the distributed model exactly；And

Remove at least one automatic controller, described of the unstable copy in the multiple copies for pointing to data storage model Multiple automatic control components or the localizer of both of the above.

13. controls according to claim 12 and monitoring system, wherein described control are configured to monitoring system：

Replace the unstable version using the stable release；And

Return point to storage and substitute at least one automatic controller of stable release, the plurality of automatic control component, Or the localizer of both of the above.

A kind of 14. controls and monitoring method, including：

Change of the control with the distributed data model of monitoring system is compiled into one or more increment scripts, the distribution Formula data model includes that multiple copies of data model, multiple copies of the data model are stored on automatic controller, deposit Storage at least subset of the plurality of automatic control component or is stored in both of the above；

To the copy stored in multiple copies and subscribe to the automatic controller of change notification of the distributed model, institute State multiple automatic control components at least subset, or more both one or more increment scripts are provided so that the change Using one or more increment script applications to multiple copies；And

In the automatic controller, the plurality of automatic control component one or more, or more execute life at both Order, wherein, the change is applied in the order using one or more increment scripts, and is based on by described automatic Controller, by least one of the plurality of automatic control component, or more both determine trigger event hold Line command, wherein, the generation of the trigger event is drawn by the change for being applied at least one of multiple copies of data model Rise.

15. methods according to claim 14, including：For being configured to read from specific depositor, writing specifically Depositor, or more the version of distributed model described in both one or more man-machine interface HMI caches so that institute State HMI reflection access distributed model in the automatic controller of data, at least subset of multiple automatic control components or The mode of operation of both of the above.

16. methods according to claim 15, including：One or more increment feet of the consumption at least one HMI This and via at least one of described HMI by one or more increment scripts limit change application to institute State the version of the cache of distributed data model.

17. methods according to claim 15, including：When the automatic controller is unavailable, in by the HMI At least one request of data for providing is transferred to the version of the cache of the distributed data model.

18. methods according to claim 15, including：

Detect when that the version of the cache of the distributed model is unstable and represent described point exactly Cloth model；And

Replace the version of the cache when the version of the cache is unstable with effective version.

A kind of 19. controls and monitoring method, including：

One or more changes of data model are compiled into and are configured to limit one or more changes increments Script；

By the increment script be distributed to control with monitoring system in be distributed multiple automatic control components in one or more Multiple, automatic controller or both so that one or more changes are described more to being stored in based on increment script applications The one or more of individual automatic control component, automatic controller, or more data model at both copy；And

Based on by least one of the automatic controller, the plurality of automatic control component, or more both determine touch The generation of the event of sending out, via the plurality of automatic control component of one or more changes based on increment script applications Executing order, wherein, the generation of the trigger event is by should for the enforcement engine of one or more, described controllers or both The one or more changes for using at least one of the copy cause.

20. methods according to claim 19, subscribe to the data model including being only distributed to the increment script The subset of the automatic controller and the plurality of automatic control component of change notification.

21. methods according to claim 19, be included at least the plurality of automatic control component subset and described from Data model described in cache on movement controller.

22. methods according to claim 21, enable data redundancy including the version by using the cache.

23. methods according to claim 21, enable load balance including the version by using the cache.

24. methods according to claim 21, enable including the version by using the cache multiple automatic Collaborative Design between control design case person.