CN103792164A - Method and device for measuring influence rule of motion characteristic of bubbles on liquid-phase viscosity - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring influence rule of motion characteristic of bubbles on liquid-phase viscosity Download PDFInfo
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- CN103792164A CN103792164A CN201410021520.0A CN201410021520A CN103792164A CN 103792164 A CN103792164 A CN 103792164A CN 201410021520 A CN201410021520 A CN 201410021520A CN 103792164 A CN103792164 A CN 103792164A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of gas-liquid two-phase bubble fluid viscosity test in power engineering, and discloses a method and a device for measuring gas-liquid two-phase bubble fluid viscosity, belonging to a measuring technology for fluid viscosity and rheological behaviors, and being particularly suitable for measuring gas-liquid two-phase bubble fluid viscosity when bubbles have unstable deformation. The method is provided based on the fact that when a free falling steel ball passes through fluids with different viscous fluids, due to influences of viscous resistance, the time cost is different. The device is composed of three parts, including a gas-liquid two-phase bubble fluid generating and storing device, a small steel ball releasing device and a bubble dynamic recording device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power engineering gas-liquid two-phase fluid viscosity measurement technical field, be applicable to the measurement of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow transient state viscosity, be specially adapted to bubble and exist the measurement of unstable when distortion gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow viscosity.
Background technology
In order to improve mass transfer and the heat transfer characteristic of single-phase liquid environment, the bubble of different-diameter is often used as adjuvant injection liquid phase and realizes this purpose.The injection of bubble has not only improved mass transfer and the heat transfer characteristic of single-phase environment, also the rheological characteristics of liquid phase self has been caused to tremendous influence.Therefore, understanding bubble injects the impact that liquid phase rheological characteristics is caused for accurate understanding and predicts that bubble injection is very important on the impact of liquid phase physical characteristics and flow characteristics.Although, develop at present multiple viscosity measuring instrument and flow graph both at home and abroad, all cannot be directly used in the measurement of bubble flow viscosity, due to the instability of bubble in liquid phase.Particularly when the size of liquid phase institute bubbles is large, while there is unstable distortion, existing viscosity meter and flow graph cannot directly be measured its viscosity especially.Therefore, want deeply understand physics and the flow characteristics of bubble flow and control it and better serve for commercial production, the measurement of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow transient state viscosity is problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
Measure in order to overcome existing viscosity apparatus and flow graph the difficulty that gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow viscosity exists, the object of the present invention is to provide the method and apparatus of a kind of liquid phase bubbly two phase flow viscosity measurement, easy in the situation that easy to implement in measuring method and device, realize the transient state viscosity of Measurement accuracy gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow, can measure and analyze the affect rule of bubble different physical degree (such as bubble diameter, Transient deformation and polymerization division) on liquid phase viscosity simultaneously.
Theoretical principle of the present invention is: the state by steel bead take initial velocity as zero, in liquid storage groove, freely discharge, and be subject to the impact of gravity, steel bead will be done top-down free-falling campaign in liquid phase.Because liquid has certain viscosity, will certainly affect the falling speed of bead.Utilize just this character, can measure the viscosity of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow.Refer to following:
As shown in Figure 1, density is ρ
ball, the radius steel bead that is r is while falling motion in gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow, is subject to buoyancy (F vertically upward
b) and resistance (F
d) and the effect of gravity (G) vertically downward.Because the resistance that steel bead is suffered is relevant with its movement velocity (u), while just release, it does downward accelerated motion, but the very fast stressed balance that reaches changes uniform motion into.Stress balance equation is: G=F
b+ F
d.Wherein the expression formula of each power is:
Gravity G=ρ
ball.g.4 π r
3/ 3;
Buoyancy F
b=ρ
liquid.g.4 π r
3/ 3;
Resistance F
d=6 π .r.u. η.
Through abbreviation, provide the formula that calculates two-phase flow viscosity: η=2r
2.g. (ρ
ball-ρ
liquid)/9u.
According to above formula, as long as know the terminal falling speed of steel bead, can calculate the viscosity of detected fluid.If the steel bead distance that uniform descent passes through in time t is H, can calculate u=H/t.For given measurement mechanism, as long as test out the required time t of lightweight bead climb H, also can calculate the viscosity of fluid to be measured: η=2r like this
2.g. (ρ
liquid-ρ
ball) .t/9H.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow transient state device for measuring viscosity is by gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow generation, memory storage, and steel bead releasing means and bubble dynamic recording device three parts form.Biphase gas and liquid flow generates and memory storage is made up of gas-holder 1, variable valve 2, plastic flexible pipe 3, bubble generator 4, wire gauze 5, liquid phase storage tank 7.The gas of gas-holder 1 is delivered in bubble generator 4 by plastic flexible pipe 3 through variable valve 2, and bubble generator 4 is to be fixed on the inside surface of liquid storage groove bottom with glass cement, and wire gauze 5 is positioned on the screen frame 21 of reservoir 7.Steel bead releasing means is made up of steel bead 10, tubulose electromagnet 11, actuator 13 and synchronizer 16.Steel bead 10 is adsorbed on the end of tubulose electromagnet 11 inside surfaces, and tubulose electromagnet 11 and actuator 13 are linked together by cable 12.With cable 12, actuator 13 and power supply 15 and synchronizer 16 are linked together again.Bubble dynamic recording device is made up of support 6, light source 7, high speed camera 14, synchronizer 16 and computing machine 17.Light source 7 and high speed camera 14 are fixed on corresponding test position with support 6, high speed camera 14 is connected on power supply 15 and synchronizer 16 by cable 12, synchronizer 16 is connected on computing machine 17 with cable 12, light source 7 and computing machine 17 use cables 12 is connected with power supply 15 simultaneously.
The principle of work of apparatus of the present invention is:
In order to measure the transient state viscosity of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow, when measurement, first tested liquid phase 9 is injected in reservoir 8, then the variable valve on gas-holder 12 is opened, air-flow is in plastic flexible pipe 3 flows to bubble generator 4, gas is discharged in liquid phase 9 by the syringe needle 32 on bubble generator 4 cover plates 30 again, and formation will be by viscosimetric gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow.In order to make the even of blister rheology, above bubble generator 4, be provided with wire gauze 5.The destruction that wire gauze 5 also can avoid steel bead 10 to cause bubble generator 4 simultaneously.Subsequently, operation computing machine 17 signals to synchronizer 16, and synchronizer 16 is passed to signal actuator 13 and high speed camera 14 simultaneously, allows it work simultaneously.Actuator 13 cuts off current stops and powers to tubulose electromagnet 11, and tubulose electromagnet 11 loses magnetism immediately, and steel bead 10 is moved downward by static beginning.Meanwhile, high speed camera 14 is started working, and records the motion state of the interior steel bead 10 of reservoir 8 and gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow transient state, and recorded data is passed to computing machine 17 and store.In order to take clearly the motion state of bubble in gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow, just the opposite side of high speed camera 14 is provided with to background light source 7 at reservoir 8.Finally store not the motion state of bubble and the position of bead whereabouts in the same time according to computing machine 17, just can calculate the speed of bead, according to following formula
η=2r
2.g. (ρ
ball-ρ
liquid)/9u
Obtain the transient state viscosity of tested bubble flow.As be indifferent to the motion state of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow transient state, do not need to use high speed camera 14 to take the motion state of bubble, can manual operation allow steel bead fall, and use stopwatch directly to measure steel bead 10 by the required time t of given distance H, then according to following formula
η=2r
2.g. (ρ
liquid-ρ
ball) .t/9H
Calculate the transient state viscosity of tested bubble flow.
Feature of the present invention is:
(1) a kind of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow transient state Viscosity Measurement Methods, it is characterized in that, due to the difference of liquid phase (or liquid) viscosity, cause steel bead to be realized by the spent asynchronism(-nization) of certain distance when free-falling in different liquid phases (or liquid).
(2) a kind of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow transient state device for measuring viscosity, based on gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow transient state Viscosity Measurement Methods, it is characterized in that, measurement mechanism itself can not affect motion and the distribution characteristics of bubble in liquid phase, can not affect the accuracy of tested gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow viscosity measurement.。
The further feature of apparatus of the present invention is: in the time that tested biphase gas and liquid flow spread of viscosity is larger, in order to improve the accuracy of viscosity measurement, can select the steel bead of different-diameter to carry out Measurement accuracy.
The further feature of apparatus of the present invention is: produce the biphase gas and liquid flow of different volumes mark and different size bubble by the draw point on the variable valve on adjusting gas-holder and replacing bubble generator, carry out viscosity measurement.
The present invention has advantages of obvious, has significant creativeness.
One of advantage of the present invention is: measuring principle is simple, easy to implement, and measurement mechanism itself can not affect the quality of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow, the i.e. distribution of bubble and motion state.
Two of advantage of the present invention is: measurement mechanism is simple in structure, only needs to measure the decline rate of steel bead in gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow, can provide the transient state viscosity of surveyed two-phase flow.
A kind of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow device for measuring viscosity of the present invention also has following features: manufacture simple, easy for installation, easy operating, practical; No matter be for single-phase liquid, or for gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow, all can carry out viscosity and measure accurately.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 measuring principle figure
Fig. 2 measurement mechanism schematic diagram
Fig. 3 reservoir schematic diagram
Fig. 4 reservoir top cover schematic diagram
Fig. 5 bubble generator schematic diagram
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, a kind of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow transient state device for measuring viscosity comprises that biphase gas and liquid flow produces, memory storage, steel bead releasing means and bubble dynamic recording device three parts composition.Biphase gas and liquid flow generates and memory storage is made up of gas-holder 1, variable valve 2, plastic flexible pipe 3, bubble generator 4, wire gauze 5, liquid phase storage tank 7.With plastic flexible pipe 3, the air feed of the end of gas-holder 1 top variable valve 2 and liquid phase storage tank 8 base 18 bottoms is taken over to 20 and link together, give bubble generator 4 air feed.Bubble is discharged in liquid phase 7 by the injection needle 32 on bubble generator 4, forms tested bubble flow stream.The size of tolerance is controlled by variable valve 2.With glass cement, bubble generator 4 is fixed on to the upper surface of liquid storage groove 7 base plates 18.Use glass cement to glued joint on the one hand and can guarantee the sealing between bubble generator and liquid storage groove; Because glass cement is easy to cutting, be convenient to like this change and clean bubble generator 4 on the other hand.5 distributions of even bubble in liquid phase of a wire gauze are set directly over reservoir 8 inside, bubble generator 4.Be convenient to the replacing of wire gauze 5, only depend on the effect of gravity to be shelved on the screen frame 21 of liquid storage groove 8, do not need other reinforcing.
Steel bead releasing means is made up of steel bead 10, tubulose electromagnet 11, actuator 13 and synchronizer 16.First with glass cement, tubulose electromagnet 11 is fixed in the reserved electromagnet preformed hole 28 of reservoir 8 top covers 23, the end that will guarantee electromagnet when installation is immersed in liquid phase, guarantees that steel bead 10 can start to do from stationary state (initial velocity is zero) motion of falling in liquid phase.The diameter of steel bead 10 can be changed according to the size of tested bubble flow viscosity.Then with cable 12, tubulose electromagnet 11 and actuator 13 are linked together, originally actuator 13 guarantees that tubulose electromagnet is channel status, so that steel bead 10 can be attracted to the lower end of tubulose electromagnet 11 inside surfaces.With cable 12, actuator 13 and synchronizer 16 and power supply 15 are connected again.
Bubble dynamic recording device is made up of support 6, light source 7, high speed camera 14, synchronizer 16 and computing machine 17.Light source 7 and high speed camera 14 are separately fixed at the both sides of reservoir 8 by support 5.The height of light source 7 and high speed camera 14 can be by regulating support 6 to do corresponding adjusting.High speed camera 14 is connected with synchronizer 16 with power supply 15 respectively by cable 12.And then synchronizer 16 being connect on computers to 17 with cable 12, computing machine 17 is connected with power supply 15 again.
Referring to Fig. 3, described reservoir 8 is made up of lower shoe 18, wire mesh rack 21, vertical channel 22, top cover 23 and scale mark 24.For the ease of observing and recording the motion conditions of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow and be convenient to and manufacture, all parts of reservoir 8 are formed by transparent organic glass manufacture.Vertical channel 22 is to be formed by resin glue is bonding by four poly (methyl methacrylate) plates with flanging.Mesh wire stents 21 is sticked on the inwall of vertical channel 22 by resin glue, and scale mark 24 sticks on the outer wall of vertical channel 22.Vertical channel 22 and base plate 18 use screw 19 releasable connections.Not leak in order guaranteeing to seal, to coat silica gel at base plate 18 with the face that vertical channel 22 contacts.For the ease of giving bubble generator 4 air feed, be provided with air feed in the center of base plate 18 and take over 20.Same air feed is taken over 20 and is bonded together with base plate 18 use resin glues.Take over 20 for the ease of plastic flexible pipe 3 and air feed and be connected, the groove that runs through baseplate width is left in the bottom of base plate 18.
Referring to Fig. 4, described reservoir top cover 23 is made up of card article 25, cover plate 26, bleeder vent 27 and tubulose electromagnet preformed hole 28.For reservoir top cover 23 can firmly be covered on reservoir vertical channel 22, be stained with 2 card articles 25 to be stuck in the inside of conduit 22 at its lower surface.For the ease of tubulose electromagnet 11 is fixed on top cover 23, on the cover plate 26 of top cover 23, leave tubulose electromagnet preformed hole 28.For the ease of the discharge of bubble gas, on the cover plate 26 of top cover 23, have 4 vent ports 27.
Referring to Fig. 5, described bubble generator 4 is made up of wallboard 29, cover plate 30, syringe needle joint 31 and syringe needle 32.4 wallboards 29 are pasted together and are gone into a square shape chamber by resin glue.On cover plate 30, have the through hole of some and glued joint syringe needle joint 31, and it is sticked in square cavity with resin glue.The syringe needle of purchasing 31 is pressed on the syringe needle joint 31 that is tied with unsintered tape, the effect of unsintered tape is in order to guarantee sealing.In order to make as far as possible the gas flow that every syringe needle 32 sprays equate, the volume of square cavity should not be too little.The model of syringe needle 32 can be changed according to the size of surveyed biphase gas and liquid flow bubble diameter.
It should be noted that while installation, first air feed is taken over and 20 is bonded on base plate 18, then bubble generator 4 is bonded on base plate, then with screw, vertical channel 22 is connected with base plate 18 and on the surface of contact of the two, coats silica gel and guarantee to seal.
Claims (6)
1. a gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow body Viscosity Measurement Methods, is characterized in that, only need to measure steel bead in liquid phase, fall terminal velocity or fall to the spent time of set a distance, can provide the viscosity of detected fluid; Meanwhile, can analyze and provide the affect rule of bubble transient motion feature on liquid phase viscosity.
2. a gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow body device for measuring viscosity, based on above-mentioned gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow body Viscosity Measurement Methods, it is characterized in that, this device is by gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow generation, reservoir apparatus, and steel bead releasing means and bubble dynamic recording device three parts form.
3. the gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow of a kind of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow body device for measuring viscosity according to claim 2 generation, reservoir apparatus, it is characterized in that gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow generates and memory storage is mainly made up of gas-holder, bubble generator and liquid phase storage tank, above bubble generator, be provided with wire gauze, and bubble generator and liquid phase storage tank are releasable connection.
4. the bubble generator of a kind of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow body device for measuring viscosity according to claim 3, it is characterized in that this bubble generator main body is a square cavity, cavity cover plate is provided with the syringe needle of some, is releasable connection between syringe needle and cover plate.
5. the steel bead releasing means of a kind of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow body device for measuring viscosity according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, steel bead fixing and discharging controlled by tubulose electromagnet and actuator, can be manually or the release of computer control bead.
6. the steel bead releasing means of a kind of gas-liquid two-phase bubbly flow body device for measuring viscosity according to claim 2, the image that it is characterized in that the steel bead that the speed of bead can be taken by high speed camera calculates, and also can draw by artificial use manual time-keeping.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104132867A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-11-05 | 常州大学 | Gas-liquid two-phase bubbly liquid viscosity measuring method and liquid phase viscosity measuring apparatus |
| CN104236850A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Demountable experimental device for research on behaviors of multi-row bubbles |
| CN106768849A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-05-31 | 常州大学 | Conduit bubble flow modified aerator |
| CN110631960A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-31 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Liquid viscosity measuring device and method |
| CN114136829A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-03-04 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | Indirect testing method for slag carrying capacity of slurry |
| TWI810607B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-08-01 | 臺灣塑膠工業股份有限公司 | Viscosity measurement device and method for measuring viscosity |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104132867A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-11-05 | 常州大学 | Gas-liquid two-phase bubbly liquid viscosity measuring method and liquid phase viscosity measuring apparatus |
| CN104236850A (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2014-12-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Demountable experimental device for research on behaviors of multi-row bubbles |
| CN106768849A (en) * | 2017-02-16 | 2017-05-31 | 常州大学 | Conduit bubble flow modified aerator |
| CN110631960A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-31 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Liquid viscosity measuring device and method |
| CN110631960B (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-11-16 | 中铁隧道局集团有限公司 | Liquid viscosity measuring device and method |
| TWI810607B (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2023-08-01 | 臺灣塑膠工業股份有限公司 | Viscosity measurement device and method for measuring viscosity |
| CN114136829A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-03-04 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | Indirect testing method for slag carrying capacity of slurry |
| CN114136829B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-06-23 | 中铁十五局集团有限公司 | Indirect testing method for mud carrying capacity |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |