CN103790695A - Turbocharging and mechanical supercharging internal combustion engine with constant compression ratio - Google Patents
Turbocharging and mechanical supercharging internal combustion engine with constant compression ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN103790695A CN103790695A CN201410071822.9A CN201410071822A CN103790695A CN 103790695 A CN103790695 A CN 103790695A CN 201410071822 A CN201410071822 A CN 201410071822A CN 103790695 A CN103790695 A CN 103790695A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a turbocharging and mechanical supercharging internal combustion engine with a constant compression ratio. A turbocharger is added on the basis of a mechanical supercharging internal combustion engine with a variable compression ratio, namely, the turbocharger is used by the mechanical supercharging internal combustion engine to carry out supercharging. The mechanical supercharging internal combustion engine with the variable compression ratio comprises a mechanical supercharger with a speed changer, and a compression-ignition internal combustion engine body, wherein when the speed changer is a gear constant-ratio speed changer, two to eight gear ratios are achieved, stepless speed changing can also be adopted, and the continuous and variable speed ratio can be achieved; the speed changer is connected with a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine body and a driving shaft of the mechanical supercharger, and an electronic system controls the speed changer to carry out speed changing. When the turbocharging and mechanical supercharging internal combustion engine is controlled by the appropriate control rate, an internal combustion engine with the approximately constant supercharging effect can be obtained, and a high-power-density and high efficiency internal combustion engine technology which has approximately ideal characteristics is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internal-combustion engine, especially, with the internal-combustion engine of the supercharging device of high supercharging pressure level, its boost pressure is constant, can greatly improve the boost pressure of internal-combustion engine, reduces oil consumption.
Background technique
The effect of variable compression ratio internal combustion engine is to use turbosupercharger and its turbo lag minimum that boost pressure is larger.The harmful effect of turbo lag is the topmost obstacle that improves turbosupercharging compression ratio, and along with the rising of the boost pressure of turbosupercharger, turbo lag effect is more obvious.But the method that changes merely the position of piston top dead center is a kind of method of bad variable compression ratio, because the shape of volume of cylinder can change like this compression terminal time, be disadvantageous to fuel efficient combustion in cylinder, can affect the indexs such as combustion efficiency, the efficiency of internal combustion engine and discharge.In addition, change Alto internal-combustion engine basic structure and bring various additional inertia vibrations, therefore not only mechanical mechanism is more complicated, and original balance and stability are destroyed, complexity itself has also reduced reliability, cost is also higher, although therefore recent decades a lot of variable compression ratios method there is the reason of large-scale application not.
The core of the methods such as the common relative position that changes piston, connecting rod, wrist pin, crankshaft journal, cylinder head and bent axle is exactly to change the internal-combustion engine basic structure being made up of bent axle, connecting rod and piston, cylinder head, and the structure that this structure had better not be changed exactly.Therefore the changeable compression ratio technique that is really applicable to large-scale application is the technology that cannot touch these structures.
Application number is the invention of the mixing pressurized machine by name of CN103133126A, and a kind of new work engine pressurized machine mixes pressurized machine.Can be motor all the period of time supercharging in the time of slow speed or high revolution.It is to lengthen turbine shaft on the basis of turbosupercharger, and is connected with engine power axle so as to belt at lengthening turbine shaft front end installation magnetic clutch.The magnetic clutch that this design adopts is just equivalent to the speed changer of 2 speed, and therefore its pressure surge is still very large.And the breakout pressure of centrifugal compressor is lower than mechanical supercharger, therefore slow-speed of revolution ability is bad.
Prior art also has the mechanically operated centrifugal supercharger with two-stage speed changer, but the boost pressure of centrifugal supercharger is not constant, has larger variance ratio, and when the slow-speed of revolution, pressure is too low, and when high rotating speed, pressure is too high; And rotating speed is too high, the long playing life-span is not as mechanical superchargers such as Roots pumps, so be not best selection.
Summary of the invention
This patent is for above-mentioned defect, and according to above-described problem and thinking, makes new solution.The invention provides turbine-engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of constant compression pressure, on the basis of the engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of variable compression ratio, increase turbosupercharger, one uses turbocharger supercharged engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine.
The engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of variable compression ratio, comprises mechanical supercharger and internal-combustion engine containing speed changer.To be that gear is fixed have 2 to 8 gear ratio during than speed changer with speed changer, also can adopt stepless change and have the speed ratio of continuous variable.Speed changer connects the bent axle of internal-combustion engine and the live axle of engine driven supercharging gas, and the speed change of speed changer is by electronics control.
The entrance of the centrifugal compressor of turbosupercharger is ambient air, and the air-flow of outlet imports the entrance of mechanical supercharger through pipeline, and the outlet of mechanical supercharger connects the suction tude of cylinder by pipeline.The entrance that connects again the power turbine of described turbosupercharger after the outlet pipe connection three-way catalyst device of cylinder, ambient air is led in its outlet.Centrifugal compressor in turbosupercharger arranges a by-pass valve, and valve, between ambient air and mechanical supercharger entrance, is opened when turbo charger speed is very low.
The control law of turbine-engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of constant compression pressure is: in the time that the exhaust of I. C. engine crankshaft rise of rotational speed increases the rising of drive turbo charger speed, reduce speed ratio and the pressure ratio of mechanical supercharger speed changer, the condition of control rate is to keep total pressure ratio constant or approximate constant.
The controlling method of the engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of variable compression ratio is, internal-combustion engine can be in parking or running, regulate the speed ratio of the speed changer of the mechanical supercharger that contains speed changer, in the time that the rotating speed of mechanical supercharger is constant and I. C. engine crankshaft rotating speed improves, internal-combustion engine overall compression ratio diminishes, and the control law of other states can be by that analogy.
Mechanical supercharger can be also the series connection of multi-stage mechanical pressurized machine, and total pressure ratio is increased to 1.6 to 8 or higher.Mechanical supercharger can be also the other forms of mechanical supercharger except Roots pump.
Embodiment
In the common internal-combustion engine with mechanical supercharger, the live axle of mechanical supercharger is fixed speed ratio with the interrelational form of bent axle, has at the most a clutch, to disconnect mechanical supercharger, makes its stall.On this basis, the present invention increases a speed changer in order to connect bent axle and mechanical supercharger, utilizes electronic computer control speed change, can change the rotating speed ratio of mechanical supercharger with respect to bent axle.The change of this ratio can change the supercharging ratio of mechanical supercharger, because mechanical supercharger is to control flow rather than pilot pressure, regulates the rotating speed of mechanical supercharger, changes its flow, has just changed pressure ratio.As long as the flow of mechanical supercharger is not less than the natural aspiration amount of internal-combustion engine, the overall compression ratio of the system of mechanical supercharger and internal-combustion engine composition is what can change with the gear ratio change of speed changer so.
To be that gear is fixed have 2 to 8 gear ratio during than speed changer with speed changer, just, as common internal-combustion engine speed changer, can use the scaled down version of common speed change, comprises the electronics that control speed change is used.Optional speed proportional is more, and the curve of boost pressure is more level and smooth, and the pressure surge of internal-combustion engine is also less.Preferably adopt stepless change and there is the speed ratio of continuous variable, can accomplish that like this continuous stepless does not change boost pressure, more meet the definition of variable compression ratio.
Air is to have flexible material, has the ability that automatic buffer pressure changes.Therefore, the controlling method of the engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of variable compression ratio is, internal-combustion engine can be in parking or running, regulate the speed ratio of the speed changer of the mechanical supercharger that contains speed changer, in the time that the rotating speed of mechanical supercharger is constant and I. C. engine crankshaft rotating speed improves, internal-combustion engine overall compression ratio diminishes, and the control law of other states can be by that analogy.
After thering is the engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of variable compression ratio, according to existing know-why, can be that such internal-combustion engine system adds turbosupercharging parts, form the internal-combustion engine of constant boost pressure.The object of doing is like this take into account the high power density of turbocharging internal-combustion engines simultaneously and eliminate turbo lag effect, concrete connecting means is exactly that the engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of variable compression ratio is equal to the natural aspiration internal-combustion engine that a Daepori is logical, add turbosupercharger then to this internal-combustion engine, the entrance that is the centrifugal compressor of turbosupercharger is ambient air, and the air-flow of outlet imports the entrance of mechanical supercharger through pipeline, and the outlet of mechanical supercharger connects the suction tude of cylinder by pipeline.The entrance of the power turbine of the outlet pipe link turbosupercharger of cylinder, ambient air is led in its outlet.Simultaneously; centrifugal compressor in turbosupercharger arranges a by-pass valve; valve is between ambient air and mechanical supercharger entrance; when turbo charger speed is very low, open; for mechanical supercharger provides enough height suction pressures; or be that the total pressure of guaranteeing the inlet gas of mechanical supercharger remains in the level of environment atmospheric pressure in more detail.
The effect of intercooler is to cooling through the air after supercharging, but in the internal-combustion engine of compression and combustion, be to carry out cooling to the gas that enters internal-combustion engine, therefore in the time that the ignition way of internal-combustion engine is this mode of compression and combustion, conventionally the necessary intercooler of turbo charge system is will remove, and the air after supercharging directly enters mechanical supercharger.In cold environment, hold the suction tude of the air after supercharging and also can make insulating structure, so that protection inlet temperature.
Closure is one of indispensable parts of spark ignitor formula gasoline engine, in the pipeline of position in the present invention between centrifugal compressor and mechanical supercharger, can reduce like this load of mechanical supercharger, reduces power loss.But in the time that internal-combustion engine is compressed ignition internal combustion engine, closure has not just needed, and can directly save.
The control law of turbine-engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of constant compression pressure is: in the time that the exhaust of I. C. engine crankshaft rise of rotational speed increases the rising of drive turbo charger speed, reduce speed ratio and the pressure ratio of mechanical supercharger speed changer, the condition of control rate is to keep total pressure ratio constant or approximate constant.Certainly, in the time that speed changer adopts stepless speed variator, can be by total Pressure control on a metastable pressure, and while adopting the speed changer of limited gear, pressure can produce unexpected rising or decline after gear shift, but want the numerical value of the rotating speed of the corresponding bent axle of regulation stall and the rotating speed of turbosupercharger, so that total boost pressure fluctuates in acceptable scope.The quantity of the gear of speed changer and determine the velocity ratio of speed changer and the number of teeth ratio of gear with the corresponding relation of the rotating speed of bent axle.The baroceptor of the electrical signal of the pressure of the air after supercharging from gas pipelines at different levels gets.
According to the constant principle of supercharging, because the fuel efficiency of the higher internal-combustion engine of supercharging of internal-combustion engine is higher, improve the boost pressure of mechanical supercharger again, just can allow turbosupercharger to improve high pressure-charging pressure, namely continue the specific power of raising internal-combustion engine.Therefore mechanical supercharger can be also the series connection of multi-stage mechanical pressurized machine, and total pressure ratio is increased to 1.6 to 8 or higher.Mechanical supercharger can be also the other forms of mechanical supercharger except Roots pump.Do not need to consider adjustable ability of mechanical supercharger, because regulate the flow of mechanical supercharger can rely on the variation of rotating speed.
The three-way catalyst device of turbine-engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of constant compression pressure can produce heat, this is the result of catalytic oxidation, therefore three-way catalyst Plant arrangement is between the power turbine inlet duct of cylinder of internal-combustion engine outlet pipe and turbosupercharger, guarantee that three-way catalyst device has sufficiently high temperature, the combustion gas of heating engine exhaust, reoxidize heat release, add the combustion gas of hot driving, for turbine provides extra heat, turbine just can absorb more heat and be converted into mechanical work, thereby has improved the whole internal-combustion engine thermal efficiency.And three-way catalyst is also easier to rapid heating in the time starting, and enters fast working state, thereby reduce atmospheric pollution.
The power turbine of turbosupercharger can be the long-pending turbine of VTG variable-area, also can be common power turbine, because there has been mechanical supercharger, internal-combustion engine is providing supercharging by mechanical supercharger for internal-combustion engine compared with the slow-speed of revolution when turning lower than per minute 2500, and do not need intervention and the effect of turbosupercharger.The benefit that uses common power turbine is that exhaust back pressure resistance is less, when the slow-speed of revolution internal-combustion engine loss less, power is stronger, efficiency is higher, and price comparison is cheap.
Consider power and the cost of taking into account internal-combustion engine, when the engine driven supercharging pressure that hope employing is less and larger turbo boost pressure, turbine-engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of constant compression pressure can be controlled the internal-combustion engine that boost pressure changes instead, for example setting engine driven supercharging pressure is 2, and turbo boost pressure is 3, by rotating speed and the boost pressure of multi-level transmission control mechanical supercharger, can allow total boost pressure maintain between 2 to 3, the ratio changing is 3/2=1.5, the ratio of this pressure change is that existing turbocharging internal-combustion engines can bear, namely maintain the scope of existing internal-combustion engine pressure change, but provide higher up to total boost pressure of 3.The pressure that is to say engine driven supercharging is exactly the multiple that amplifies existing turbo boost pressure, if engine driven supercharging pressure brings up to 3, and the boost pressure of existing turbocharging internal-combustion engines is 1.5, total boost pressure of internal combustion engine can be increased to 3 and is multiplied by 1.5 and equals 4.5 times of pressure so, high like this boost pressure can improve the specific power of internal-combustion engine greatly, and the discharge capacity of dwindling internal-combustion engine reduces internal-combustion engine weight, improve the thermal efficiency, capable of saving fuel oil.
The internal-combustion engine that the present invention states, is not only common Alto internal-combustion engine, can be also Miller cycle engine, can be not only quartastroke engine, can be also two stroke IC engine.Miller cycle engine can improve fuel efficiency, is more suitable for the pressurized machine of high pressure-charging.
In general, be exactly the present invention regulates the rotating speed ratio of the bent axle with respect to internal-combustion engine of mechanical supercharger to regulate boost pressure, total and from changing the boost pressure of internal-combustion engine of engine driven supercharging.Again with by the coordinating of turbosupercharging and engine driven supercharging, thereby allow the boost pressure of pressurization system of internal-combustion engine changing very among a small circle, be equal to constant voltage.And such mode can effectively reduce the turbo lag effect of turbosupercharger, be conducive to improve total pressure ratio.
Above-mentioned narration is not exclusive or the present invention is limited to concrete form disclosed with it.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that not departing from scope of the present invention, can make various changes and element wherein can be replaced with IF-AND-ONLY-IF element.In addition, can make a lot of modifications so that particular condition or material are applicable to purport of the present invention and do not depart from essential scope.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to realize the disclosed specific embodiment of optimal mode of the present invention as design, but the present invention includes all mode of executions that belong to the scope of the invention.Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention can implement in other modes beyond specific explanations and the mode of illustrating.
Claims (4)
1. turbine-engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of constant compression pressure increases turbosupercharger on the basis of the engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of variable compression ratio, and one uses turbocharger supercharged engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine.
The engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of described variable compression ratio, comprises mechanical supercharger, compressed ignition internal combustion engine containing speed changer.To be that gear is fixed have 2 to 8 gear ratio during than speed changer with described speed changer, also can adopt stepless change and have the speed ratio of continuous variable.Described speed changer connects the bent axle of internal-combustion engine and the live axle of engine driven supercharging gas, and the speed change of speed changer is by electronics control.
The entrance of the centrifugal compressor of described turbosupercharger is ambient air, and the air-flow of outlet imports the entrance of described mechanical supercharger through pipeline, and the outlet of mechanical supercharger connects the suction tude of cylinder by Road.The entrance that connects again the power turbine of described turbosupercharger after the outlet pipe connection three-way catalyst device of cylinder, ambient air is led in its outlet.
Centrifugal compressor in described turbosupercharger arranges a by-pass valve, and valve, between ambient air and described mechanical supercharger entrance, is opened when turbo charger speed is very low.
The control law of turbine-engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of described constant compression pressure is: in the time that the exhaust of I. C. engine crankshaft rise of rotational speed increases the rising of drive turbo charger speed, reduce speed ratio and the pressure ratio of mechanical supercharger speed changer, the condition of control rate is to keep total pressure ratio constant or approximate constant.
2. the engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of variable compression ratio, comprises mechanical supercharger, compressed ignition internal combustion engine containing speed changer.There are 2 to 8 gear ratio when speed changer is that gear is fixed during than speed changer, also can adopt stepless change and there is the speed ratio of continuous variable.Described speed changer connects the bent axle of compressed ignition internal combustion engine and the live axle of engine driven supercharging gas.
The controlling method of the engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of described variable compression ratio is, internal-combustion engine can be in parking or running, regulate the speed ratio of the speed changer of the mechanical supercharger that contains speed changer, in the time that the rotating speed of mechanical supercharger is constant and I. C. engine crankshaft rotating speed improves, internal-combustion engine overall compression ratio diminishes, and the control law of other states can be by that analogy.
3. the engine driven supercharging internal-combustion engine of variable compression ratio as claimed in claim 2, is further characterized in that described mechanical supercharger can be also the series connection of multi-stage mechanical pressurized machine, and total pressure ratio is increased to 1.6 to 8 or higher.Described mechanical supercharger can be also other forms of mechanical supercharger.
4. a method for arranging for three-way catalyst device, by three-way catalyst Plant arrangement between the power turbine inlet duct of cylinder of internal-combustion engine outlet pipe and turbosupercharger.
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| CN201410071822.9A CN103790695A (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2014-02-28 | Turbocharging and mechanical supercharging internal combustion engine with constant compression ratio |
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| CN201410071822.9A CN103790695A (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2014-02-28 | Turbocharging and mechanical supercharging internal combustion engine with constant compression ratio |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104265451A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2015-01-07 | 朱譞晟 | Double-cylinder engine capable of evenly adjusting compression ratio and mechanical supercharging |
| CN108798873A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-11-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Mechanical supercharged system |
| CN111741883A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2020-10-02 | 沃尔沃卡车集团 | Method for controlling a drive train during an upshift |
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| US6062026A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 2000-05-16 | Turbodyne Systems, Inc. | Turbocharging systems for internal combustion engines |
| CN1624305A (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 2005-06-08 | 卡明斯发动机公司 | Premixed charge compression ignition engine with optimal combustion control |
| JP2009215998A (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-09-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Control device of internal combustion engine with supercharger |
| CN103210189A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2013-07-17 | 日立造船株式会社 | Exhaust gas emission purification device |
| CN103557068A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-05 | 朱譞晟 | Ultrahigh-supercharging turbo-charging Miller cycle engine |
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2014
- 2014-02-28 CN CN201410071822.9A patent/CN103790695A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3270730A (en) * | 1963-11-14 | 1966-09-06 | Timoney Seamus Gearoid | Internal combustion engines |
| US6062026A (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 2000-05-16 | Turbodyne Systems, Inc. | Turbocharging systems for internal combustion engines |
| CN1624305A (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 2005-06-08 | 卡明斯发动机公司 | Premixed charge compression ignition engine with optimal combustion control |
| JP2009215998A (en) * | 2008-03-11 | 2009-09-24 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Control device of internal combustion engine with supercharger |
| CN103210189A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2013-07-17 | 日立造船株式会社 | Exhaust gas emission purification device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104265451A (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2015-01-07 | 朱譞晟 | Double-cylinder engine capable of evenly adjusting compression ratio and mechanical supercharging |
| CN108798873A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-11-13 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Mechanical supercharged system |
| CN111741883A (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2020-10-02 | 沃尔沃卡车集团 | Method for controlling a drive train during an upshift |
| CN111741883B (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2023-10-13 | 沃尔沃卡车集团 | Method for controlling a drive train during an upshift |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |