CN103789714B - A kind of preparation method of hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN103789714B CN103789714B CN201410054349.3A CN201410054349A CN103789714B CN 103789714 B CN103789714 B CN 103789714B CN 201410054349 A CN201410054349 A CN 201410054349A CN 103789714 B CN103789714 B CN 103789714B
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Abstract
A preparation method for hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating, belongs to Material Wear, corrosion and protection technical field.First the WC-Co composite powder end that median size is less than 200nm is prepared, and agglomeration granulation is carried out to it, obtain the thermospray feeding powder with suitable particle size distribution, then air is utilized as the hypersonic flame spraying technology of combustion-supporting gas in the preparation carrying out hard alloy coating through pretreated hydrostatic transmission component surface, finally grinding and polishing process is carried out to workpiece surface, obtain the hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating having great surface quality and strong mechanical performance concurrently.Method provided by the invention simple and can realize batch production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Material Wear, corrosion and protection technical field, specifically for hydrostatic transmission component provides a kind of preparation method of wear-resisting, corrosion resistant Wimet protective coating.
Background technology
A large amount of engineering machinery uses hydraulic power actuating system, and frictional wear is repeatedly stood on hydrostatic transmission component (as plunger, piston, connecting rod etc.) surface wherein, corrosive nature very easily causes early failure to be scrapped, and affects engineer operation.For strengthening surfacecti proteon, usually carrying out durionise process on transmission component surface, improving its work-ing life.But hexavalent chromium discharge can bring the problems such as serious environmental pollution and Occupational health in electroplating hard chromium process, the country such as American-European prohibits the use the electroplating technology containing high valence chrome in clear stipulaties in 2010.Also forbid durionise to be produced at present in some large size cities of China, but also in a big way, use electroplating hard chromium process in small and medium-sized cities and area.
WC base cemented carbide coating is the optimal selection of the replacing electroplating hard chrome of generally acknowledging both at home and abroad.But the overwhelming majority of current industrially scalable application is the meal WC base coating being initially micro-meter scale, although can meet the requirement of hardness and wear resistance, coatingsurface quality is starkly lower than durionise surface smoothness.Compared with being initially the coating of conventional meal, because nanometer powder has small-size effect, surface effects etc., powder particle fusing point is reduced, and surface property significantly strengthens, in spraying process, the tiling of particle and sedimentation effect improve, and the compactness of coating structure strengthens.Therefore, WC base coating prepared by nanometer powder can have the surface quality, compact structure and the interfacial bonding strength that significantly improve, both there is hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance and the obdurability higher than micron coating, there is again the surface smoothness compared favourably with durionise.Due to the over-all properties of excellence, WC base coating prepared by nanometer powder can be competent at the hydrostatic transmission component surface protection of great surface quality demand completely, is expected to replace the electroplating hard chromium process having problem of environmental pollution comprehensively, and has higher comprehensive mechanical property.
Current restriction nanometer powder is that most milling method is difficult to meet hot-spraying techniques to nanometer powder performance and requirement in batches for key factor prepared by the mass-producing of WC base coatings industry; therefore, there is no the report of nanometer powder for the preparation of hydrostatic transmission component surface protection WC base coating both at home and abroad so far.This study group originality establishes the technology that one prepares ultra-fine (below submicron-scale) WC-Co composite powder end, has authorized national inventing patent (patent No.: ZL200610165554.2).This technology can realize the WC-Co composite powder end that high-quality submicron and nanoscale are prepared in mass-producing.The present invention is to solve in current hydrostatic transmission component manufacturing processed exists the problems such as electroplating technology brings environmental pollution and meal coatingsurface is second-rate, provides a kind of preparation method having the hydrostatic transmission component surface protection WC base coating of great surface quality and strong mechanical performance concurrently.
Summary of the invention
First the present invention applies existing patented technology (granted patent number: ZL200610165554.2) batch and prepares nanometer (median size is less than 200nm) WC-Co composite powder, the existing patented technology (granted patent number: ZL201010219344.3) of recycling carries out the agglomeration granulation of nanometer WC-Co composite powder, obtain the thermospray feeding powder with suitable particle size distribution, then utilize hypersonic flame spraying technology in the preparation carrying out hard alloy coating through pretreated hydrostatic transmission component surface, finally grinding and polishing process is carried out to workpiece surface, obtain the hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating having great surface quality and strong mechanical performance concurrently.
The preparation method of a kind of hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating provided by the invention, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) be less than the WC-Co composite powder of 200nm with median size for raw material, by agglomeration granulation and air classification process, obtain size-grade distribution 5 ~ 25 μm, mobility is at the thermospray feeding of 20 ~ 25s/50g;
(2) carry out oil removing, rust cleaning, sandblasting alligatoring and thermal pretreatment to hydrostatic transmission component (being workpiece to be sprayed) surface, preheating flame is reductibility flame, and workpiece surface temperature controls at 150 ~ 200 DEG C;
(3) the thermospray feeding that air obtains as the supersonic spray gun spraying process (1) of combustion-supporting gas is utilized, the coating that workpiece surface deposition 0.165 ~ 0.180mm after step (2) preheating is thick, the barrel length of supersonic spray gun is 160 ~ 170mm, spraying flame stream temperature is 1800 ~ 2000 DEG C, workpiece linear velocity is 0.3 ~ 0.5m/s, the horizontal movement velocity of spray gun when determining thermospray according to diameter of work and linear velocity, calculation formula is as follows: when diameter of work is D, when workpiece linear velocity is V, controlling spray gun horizontal movement velocity is V
0=1600V/D, wherein V unit is m/s, D unit is mm, V
0unit is mm/s,
(illustrate: formula V
0=1600V/D is just about the calculating of numerical value, in computation process, 1600 is be equivalent to gain factor, and have unit, it makes V
0pass through V
0numeric representation after=1600V/D calculates be the unit amount of mm/s, formula is the formula just carrying out numerical operation after simplifying here).
(4) to the work-piece cools after step (3) spraying, grinding and polishing process is carried out on surface: first utilize 180# diamond wheel to carry out a corase grind, surfacing amount controls at 0.010 ~ 0.020mm, then 400# diamond wheel is utilized to carry out meticulous polishing, surfacing amount controls at 0.003 ~ 0.005mm, namely obtains the hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating having great surface quality and strong mechanical performance concurrently after grinding and polishing.
The technical characteristic main manifestations of the inventive method is: (1) adopts nano composite powder as initial raw materials, and in conjunction with air as combustion-supporting gas Low Temperature High Oxygen-Air Fuel Spray technology (flame temperature than conventional be combustion-supporting gas with oxygen time reduce 1000 DEG C) and the spraying parameter of specific combination, not only effectively inhibit the decomposition decarburization of nano WC powder when spraying, the hardness and wear resistance that preparation coating are had significantly improve, also give full play of nanometer powder in the advantage preparing great surface quality hard alloy coating, thus meet hydrostatic transmission workpiece simultaneously to the high standard requirement of coatingsurface quality and mechanical property, (2) the thermospray feeding size range adopted is 5 ~ 25 μm, its granularity is starkly lower than the granularity (being generally 15-45 μm) of conventional hot spray powder, can ensure that nanostructured feedstock particle can fully melt under lower flame temperature on the one hand, preparation coating is made to have high compactness and bonding strength, to be tiled the stacking volume formed by particle based on coating on the other hand, less and little due to tiling layer thickness difference compared with the feed pellet of narrow size-grade distribution, prepare coating and more easily obtain high surface smoothness, (3) scope of mobility at 20 ~ 25s/50g of control feeding powder is required in the present invention, the density of the feeding powder that has been comprehensive regulation in fact and sphericity, namely there is suitable density and higher sphericity (>90%), with the harmful phenomenon preventing feed pellet from occurring " sticky rifle ", performance and the surface quality of effectively preparing coating in guarantee industrial production have excellent stability, (4) according to the diameter of hydrostatic transmission component (being workpiece to be sprayed) with horizontally rotate speed, devise the horizontal movement velocity of spray gun when corresponding calculation formula accurately controls thermospray, this makes the present invention be applicable to the spraying of the axle class transmission component of various diameter in different industrial circle, can prevent spraying rear workpiece surface and occurs the phenomenon of " helical trajectory " or " uneven " and increase surfaceness and follow-up polishing processing amount, (5) roughness of the hydrostatic transmission component surface coating utilizing the present invention to prepare is significantly lower than conventional meal coating, follow-up polishing processing amount is obviously reduced, not only greatly improve process for processing efficiency, save manufacturing cost, and thoroughly solve the problem of environmental pollution brought in durionise layer production process.Method provided by the invention is simple, is closely connected, complements one another between each step, is the effective ways that a kind of acquisition has the hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating of great surface quality and strong mechanical performance concurrently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The microstructure figure of the thermospray feeding powder that Fig. 1 the present invention prepares; Wherein, a be the microstructure of thermospray feeding powder in embodiment 1, the b microstructure that is thermospray feeding powder in embodiment 2, the c microstructure that is the thermospray feeding powder in embodiment 3; D is the microstructure of the thermospray feeding powder in comparative example 1; E is the microstructure of the thermospray feeding powder in comparative example 2.
The thing phase detected result of the hydraulic support plunger surface coating that Fig. 2 the present invention prepares; Wherein a is the XRD figure spectrum that XRD figure is composed, b is the hydraulic support plunger surface coating of preparation in comparative example 1 of the hydraulic support plunger surface coating of preparation in embodiment 3.
Embodiment
Following examples further illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to following examples.
The existing patented technology of applicant (granted patent ZL200610165554.2) is all utilized to prepare WC-Co composite powder in following examples, all for the WC-12wt.%Co composite powder prepared, and the composite powder of the existing patented technology of applicant (granted patent ZL201010219344.3) to preparation is utilized to carry out agglomeration granulation.All carry out the preparation of surface protection coating as the example of hydrostatic transmission component using a kind of coal-mine hydraulic support plunger.
Embodiment 1
Take median size as the WC-Co composite powder of 180nm be raw material, by agglomeration granulation and air classification process, prepare size-grade distribution 5 ~ 25 μm thermospray feeding (as Fig. 1 a), the mobility of thermospray feeding is 20s/50g; Hydraulic support plunger (being workpiece to be sprayed) diameter to be sprayed is 140mm, and carry out oil removing, rust cleaning, sandblasting alligatoring and thermal pretreatment to workpiece surface, preheating flame is reductibility flame, and workpiece surface temperature controls at 200 DEG C; Utilize air as the WC-Co feeding of the supersonic spray gun spraying preparation of combustion-supporting gas, the coating that plunger surface deposition 0.180mm is after preheat thick, the barrel length of supersonic spray gun is 170mm, spraying flame stream temperature is 2000 DEG C, plunger linear velocity is 0.3m/s, and spray gun horizontal movement velocity is 3.4mm/s; Grinding and polishing process is carried out to spraying, cooled workpiece surface, 180# diamond wheel is first utilized to carry out a corase grind, surfacing amount is 0.020mm, then 400# diamond wheel is utilized to carry out meticulous polishing, surfacing amount is 0.005mm, namely obtains the hydraulic plunger surface protection coating having great surface quality and strong mechanical performance concurrently after grinding and polishing.Carry out sampling analysis to the plunger coating of preparation, its compactness, microhardness and roughness test the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
Take median size as the WC-Co composite powder of 120nm be raw material, by agglomeration granulation and air classification process, prepare size-grade distribution at the thermospray feeding (as Fig. 1 b) of 5 ~ 25 μm, the mobility of thermospray feeding is 23s/50g; Hydraulic support plunger (being workpiece to be sprayed) diameter to be sprayed is 160mm, and carry out oil removing, rust cleaning, sandblasting alligatoring and thermal pretreatment to workpiece surface, preheating flame is reductibility flame, and workpiece surface temperature controls at 180 DEG C; Utilize air as the WC-Co feeding of the supersonic spray gun spraying preparation of combustion-supporting gas, the coating that plunger surface deposition 0.170mm is after preheat thick, the barrel length of supersonic spray gun is 165mm, spraying flame stream temperature is 1900 DEG C, plunger linear velocity is 0.4m/s, and spray gun horizontal movement velocity is 4.0mm/s; Grinding and polishing process is carried out to spraying, cooled workpiece surface, 180# diamond wheel is first utilized to carry out a corase grind, surfacing amount is 0.015mm, then 400# diamond wheel is utilized to carry out meticulous polishing, surfacing amount is 0.004mm, namely obtains the hydraulic plunger surface protection coating having great surface quality and strong mechanical performance concurrently after grinding and polishing.Carry out sampling analysis to the plunger coating of preparation, its compactness, microhardness and roughness test the results are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
Take median size as the WC-Co composite powder of 70nm be raw material, by agglomeration granulation and air classification process, prepare size-grade distribution at the thermospray feeding (as Fig. 1 c) of 5 ~ 25 μm, the mobility of thermospray feeding is 25s/50g; Hydraulic support plunger (being workpiece to be sprayed) diameter to be sprayed is 180mm, and carry out oil removing, rust cleaning, sandblasting alligatoring and thermal pretreatment to workpiece surface, preheating flame is reductibility flame, and workpiece surface temperature controls at 150 DEG C; Utilize air as the WC-Co feeding of the supersonic spray gun spraying preparation of combustion-supporting gas, the coating that plunger surface deposition 0.165mm is after preheat thick, the barrel length of supersonic spray gun is 160mm, spraying flame stream temperature is 1800 DEG C, plunger linear velocity is 0.5m/s, and spray gun horizontal movement velocity is 4.4mm/s; Grinding and polishing process is carried out to spraying, cooled workpiece surface, 180# diamond wheel is first utilized to carry out a corase grind, surfacing amount is 0.010mm, then 400# diamond wheel is utilized to carry out meticulous polishing, surfacing amount is 0.003mm, namely obtains the hydraulic plunger surface protection coating having great surface quality and strong mechanical performance concurrently after grinding and polishing.Carry out sampling analysis to the plunger coating of preparation, the thing phase detected result of coating is shown in Fig. 2 (a), and its compactness, microhardness and roughness test the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example
Following examples are the contrast experiment that difference the technology of the present invention characteristic sum technique effect carries out.
Comparative example 1
Take median size as the WC-Co composite powder of 70nm be raw material, by agglomeration granulation and air classification process, prepare size-grade distribution at the thermospray feeding (as Fig. 1 d) of 25 ~ 45 μm, the mobility of thermospray feeding is 18s/50g; Hydraulic support plunger (being workpiece to be sprayed) diameter to be sprayed is 180mm, and carry out oil removing, rust cleaning, sandblasting alligatoring and thermal pretreatment to workpiece surface, preheating flame is neutral flame, and workpiece surface temperature controls at 100 DEG C; Utilize oxygen as the WC-Co feeding of the supersonic spray gun spraying preparation of combustion-supporting gas, the coating that plunger surface deposition 0.165mm is after preheat thick, the barrel length of supersonic spray gun is 150mm, spraying flame stream temperature is 2800 DEG C, plunger linear velocity is 0.6m/s, and spray gun horizontal movement velocity is 4.5mm/s; Carry out grinding and polishing process to workpiece surface after spraying, cooling, first utilize 180# diamond wheel to carry out a corase grind, surfacing amount is 0.010mm, then utilizes 400# diamond wheel to carry out meticulous polishing, and surfacing amount is 0.003mm.Carry out sampling analysis to the plunger coating after grinding and polishing, the thing phase detected result of coating is shown in Fig. 2 (b), and its compactness, microhardness and roughness test the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
With median size be the WC-Co powder of 1.0 μm for raw material, by agglomeration granulation and air classification process, prepare size-grade distribution at the thermospray feeding (as Fig. 1 e) of 15 ~ 45 μm, the mobility of thermospray feeding is 15s/50g; Hydraulic support plunger (being workpiece to be sprayed) diameter to be sprayed is 180mm, and carry out oil removing, rust cleaning, sandblasting alligatoring and thermal pretreatment to workpiece surface, preheating flame is neutral flame, and workpiece surface temperature controls at 220 DEG C; Utilize oxygen as the WC-Co feeding of the supersonic spray gun spraying preparation of combustion-supporting gas, the coating that plunger surface deposition 0.180mm is after preheat thick, the barrel length of supersonic spray gun is 150mm, spraying flame stream temperature is 3000 DEG C, plunger linear velocity is 0.8m/s, and spray gun horizontal movement velocity is 5.0mm/s; Carry out grinding and polishing process to spraying, cooled workpiece surface, first utilize 180# diamond wheel to carry out a corase grind, surfacing amount is 0.020mm, then utilizes 400# diamond wheel to carry out meticulous polishing, and surfacing amount is 0.005mm.Carry out sampling analysis to the plunger coating after grinding and polishing, its compactness, microhardness and roughness test the results are shown in Table 1.
The compactness of the plunger coating that table 1 embodiment 1 ~ 3 and comparative example 1 ~ 2 prepare, microhardness and roughness test result
| Porosity (%) | Hardness (HV 0.3） | Roughness (Ra) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.42 | 1380 | 0.30 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.35 | 1430 | 0.22 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.30 | 1450 | 0.15 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.60 | 1150 | 1.00 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1.52 | 1280 | 3.50 |
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method for hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) be less than the WC-Co composite powder of 200nm with median size for raw material, by agglomeration granulation and air classification process, obtain size-grade distribution 5 ~ 25 μm, mobility is at the thermospray feeding of 20 ~ 25s/50g;
(2) carry out oil removing, rust cleaning, sandblasting alligatoring and thermal pretreatment to hydrostatic transmission component surface, preheating flame is reductibility flame, and workpiece surface temperature controls at 150 ~ 200 DEG C;
(3) the thermospray feeding that air obtains as the supersonic spray gun spraying process (1) of combustion-supporting gas is utilized, the coating that workpiece surface deposition 0.165 ~ 0.180mm after step (2) preheating is thick, the barrel length of supersonic spray gun is 160 ~ 170mm, spraying flame stream temperature is 1800 ~ 2000 DEG C, workpiece linear velocity is 0.3 ~ 0.5m/s, the horizontal movement velocity of spray gun when determining thermospray according to diameter of work and linear velocity, calculation formula is as follows: when diameter of work is D, when workpiece linear velocity is V, controlling spray gun horizontal movement velocity is V
0=1600V/D, wherein V unit is m/s, D unit is mm, V
0unit is mm/s,
(4) to the work-piece cools after step (3) spraying, grinding and polishing process is carried out on surface: first utilize 180# diamond wheel to carry out a corase grind, surfacing amount controls at 0.010 ~ 0.020mm, then 400# diamond wheel is utilized to carry out meticulous polishing, surfacing amount controls at 0.003 ~ 0.005mm, namely obtains the hydrostatic transmission component surface protective coating having great surface quality and strong mechanical performance concurrently after grinding and polishing.
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| CN110331358A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-10-15 | 山东能源重装集团恒图科技有限公司 | A kind of thermal spraying manufacture of oil cylinder of hydraulic support telescopic rod and reproducing method |
| ES2843747B2 (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2023-05-24 | Mecanizacion Ind Astillero S A | ROLLS FOR ROLLING WITH A COATING OF TUNGSTEN CARBIDE ALLOYS AND PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING THE SAME |
| CN111378919A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-07 | 中煤北京煤矿机械有限责任公司 | HVOF method for mining hydraulic support |
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| KR100489372B1 (en) * | 2003-03-04 | 2005-05-12 | 학교법인연세대학교 | Composite Coatings Containing Quasicrystalline Phases By Thermal Spray Technique And Method For Making The Same |
| CN100427633C (en) * | 2006-04-14 | 2008-10-22 | 广州市天河区金棠表面工程技术有限公司 | Hot spray surface reinforcing process for nodular cast iron plunger |
| KR20110131687A (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2011-12-07 | 창원대학교 산학협력단 | Coating method of stainless steel using high-velocity oxy-fuel thermal spraying |
| CN101884892B (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2012-09-05 | 北京工业大学 | Method for agglomerating and granulizing superfine nano WC-Co composite powder |
| CN103147033B (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2015-06-03 | 南阳淅减汽车减振器有限公司 | Vehicle shock absorber piston rod spraying technology |
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