CN103786342A - 3D (three-dimensional) printer with inclinable machine body - Google Patents
3D (three-dimensional) printer with inclinable machine body Download PDFInfo
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- CN103786342A CN103786342A CN201410010948.5A CN201410010948A CN103786342A CN 103786342 A CN103786342 A CN 103786342A CN 201410010948 A CN201410010948 A CN 201410010948A CN 103786342 A CN103786342 A CN 103786342A
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Abstract
The invention provides a 3D (three-dimensional) printer with an inclinable machine body. The 3D printer comprises a machine seat part and a 3D printer main body part, wherein the machine seat part is provided with a machine seat platform, a rotary platform, and worm wheel and worm motor devices which are used for respectively driving the machine seat platform to deflect and driving the rotary platform to rotate; the 3D printer main body part comprises a 3D printer main body, a deflectable nozzle, a fixed nozzle, a servo mechanism and an elevated working platform, wherein the 3D printer main body is arranged on the rotary platform of the machine seat, the deflectable nozzle and the fixed nozzle are arranged on a y-axis plate, and the servo mechanism is used for driving the deflectable nozzle. According to the inclination conditions of a cantilever and a cavity curved surface of a machined workpiece, the 3D printer performs no-support printing on the cantilever and the cavity curved surface of the machined workpiece through the rotation of the rotary platform of the machine seat and the deflection of a deflection surface of the machine seat as well as the deflection of the deflectable nozzle on the 3D printer main body part, thus hollow polyhedral, spherical and multilayer honeycomb structure workpieces can be machined, and the compatibility of two categories of 3D printing technologies is realized on the 3D printer. The machined multilayer honeycomb structure workpieces can be importantly applied to the fields of spaceflight, national defense and civil use.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to 3D printing technique.
Background technology:
Current 3D printer, for overcoming gravity effect, in the time printing the cantilever of workpiece and re-entrant portion, all need to support with powder material or photosensitive resin liquid or special substance, deals with gravity effect.So, the design workpiece that some do not allow again inside to comprise supporter with cantilever and cavity structure, such as hollow tetrahedron, hexahedron, polyhedron, spheroid and multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece, current 3D printer cannot be printed.More generally, if suspended wall or the surface normal of cavity and the angle γ of vertical line that design workpiece comprises are less than certain critical angle gamma
c(γ
cdetermined by theoretical and experience), current 3D printer does not use powder material, photosensitive resin liquid to support or prints supporting construction with certain material, just cannot print.
In addition, current 3D prints technique and is divided into two large classes, one class is lay powder material or immerse photosensitive resin liquid or laminated solid body manufacture, as selective laser scorification (SLS), cubic light fixed-type (SLA), laminated solid body manufacture (LOM) etc.; Another kind of is the technique that does not use paving powder and photosensitive resin liquid, as fusion sediment moulding (FDM), droplet injection moulding (Micro dropletjetting) etc.; This two large class 3D prints technique cannot be compatible, conventionally can not on same 3D printer, use this two large class technique simultaneously.
For overcoming the large defect of current 3D printer existing above-mentioned two, solve 3D printer suffered heavy for limiting the problem that can not process hollow polyhedron, spheroid and multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece, and to a certain extent, make at present can not be compatible two large class techniques, can compatibility be incorporated on same 3D printer the Design Conception of having facilitated the tiltable 3D printer of body of the present invention.
The present invention proposes the tiltable 3D printer of a kind of body, solve because of the cantilever of design workpiece or the gravity restricted problem that cavity causes, and the current large class technique of 3D printer two incompatible problem conventionally, make 3D printer can process hollow polyhedron, spheroid and multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece, and to a certain extent, make the two large class techniques that current 3D printer conventionally cannot be compatible, can on same 3D printer, obtain compatible use.
Summary of the invention:
3D is printed to the adverse effect applying for overcoming gravity, reduce or eliminate disadvantageous backing material or supporting construction in some design workpiece, print the design workpiece such as hollow tetrahedron, hexahedron, polyhedron, spheroid or multi-layer honeycomb structure, and make to a certain extent the two large class techniques that current 3D printer conventionally cannot be compatible, can on same 3D printer, obtain compatible use, the present invention proposes the tiltable 3D printer Design conception of a kind of novel body.
Due to conventionally cannot compatible two large class process compatibles by current 3D printer to body tiltable 3D printer of the present invention, just the technology of 3D printer of the present invention is extended, therefore, we only need to narrate 3D printer of the present invention to overcome the basic principle that gravity prints to 3D the adverse effect applying just much of that.
The basic principle of design concept of the present invention, in the time of the suspended wall to workpiece to be designed or re-entrant portion, do not adopt powder material, photosensitive resin liquid or other certain material to do as far as possible and support and overcome gravity, but utilize the material of printing shaping to support the material of new printing, utilize nozzle by direct new printed material melting injection, injection or scorification in the region of interest material of printed suspended wall or cavity, allow it bear the gravity of new printed material, this just means this region of interest of having printed, needs vertical ground position, place; Meanwhile, 3D printing nozzle also should be vertically towards ground location, thereby makes the new printed material of nozzle ejection, injection or scorification, substantially drops in the material of printed cantilever or cavity region of interest, strikes up partnership.Under general situation, for realizing this two requirements, 3D printer need to be placed in to rotatable 360 ° an of X-Y plane, on the support that Z axis can deflection ± 90 °, 3D printer is turned an angle at support X-Y plane, just can make to be placed in the cantilever or the cavity hanging part that need arbitrarily supporter to print of the wish printing workpiece on the 3D printer workbench on support, in place to the perpendicular position of support Z axis deflection plane, then deflection certain angle, make this cantilever or cavity hanging part, perpendicular to ground, can accept and support the injection of 3D printer nozzle, the new printed material of injection or scorification, on the other hand, be placed in the 3D printer on support, still design in a conventional manner the printing of workpiece, unique difference, it is the nozzle that is placed in rotatably the 3D printer on can deflection support, when the cantilever of the need of design workpiece being printed without supporter at support or re-entrant portion are placed in vertical ground position, nozzle is in the direction at this print position place, also should approach perpendicular to ground, can be by new printed material, melting injection in tolerance band, injection, scorification are in the cantilever of in type design workpiece or the material of re-entrant portion.So, in the time that 3D printer is printed, run into cantilever or re-entrant portion that design workpiece need be printed without supporter, the printing running of its nozzle, not only there is the routine motion of x-y plane and the axial general printer of z, also needing nozzle direction deliberately to require to approach the change running of vertical ground direction, is also that corresponding support X-Y plane rotates and Z axis deflection, and nozzle also should have rotation and the deflection of z axle of the x-y plane of equivalent.
For further illustrating the basic principle of body tiltable 3D printer of the present invention, need to narrate a little wish on 3D printer and print the Digital Design model of workpiece.As everyone knows, this Digital Design model or obtained according to designing requirement by Three-dimensional CAD Software, or according to reverse-engineering, physical entity is done to optical scanner or CT/MRI/PET scanning, obtain data, then through data reconstruction software and Three-dimensional CAD Software or picture inversion Software Create.Then this 3D mathematical model is converted to STL formatted file, carrys out the curved surface of approximate representation 3D Digital Design model with triangle surface, the three-dimensional coordinate on each leg-of-mutton three summits is x
1y
1z
1, x
2y
2z
2, x
3y
3z
3; Its normal vector is N, according to the complexity of this Digital Design model and the machining accuracy of workpiece, selects the leg-of-mutton number of STL format.(show referring to Jin Ye etc.: " free forming technology ", China Machine Press,, P8, P10, P23 in 2012.)
The plane equation of STL formatted file intermediate cam shape can be expressed as:
Can be reduced to
Ax+By+Cz-D=0
Its unit normal vector N is (cos α, cos β, cos γ)
Can be derived from thus direction angle alpha, β, the γ (Fig. 7) of unit normal vector N
Unit normal vector N is N ' in x-y plane projection, and itself and x, y, z axle clamp angle are respectively α ', β ', γ ', obviously
(Fig. 7)
Like this, if 3D printer is placed on the rotation platform of support, when initial, the initial point o of the coordinate system x-y-z of 3D printer overlaps with the initial point O of support coordinate system X-Y-Z, and two coordinate systems are consistent, so, the rotation platform of support only needs to rotate relative to X-axis on X-Y platform
it is β ' angle, the represented curved surface of above-mentioned certain triangle under the STL that just the wish marker's piece of digital on 3D printer can be designed a model format, rotate to the position perpendicular with support Z axis deflection plane, the Z axis deflection plane of support coordinate system X-Y-Z can be set arbitrarily, for ease of explanation, might as well set Z axis in the deflection of Y-Z plane, around X-axis deflection herein, so Z axis is as long as around X-axis deflection (γ '-γ)
angle (Fig. 7), just can make to be placed in the curved surface that on the 3D printer on support, this triangle under Digital Design model STL format represents, in vertical ground position, thereby creates conditions for the 3D without supporter prints.
But, what need in addition to particularly point out is, not the arbitrary curved surface that designs a model of the wish marker's piece of digital on 3D printer is the printing of the lower arbitrary triangle surface of STL format, all need rotation platform on support to rotate and Z axis deflection plane around X-axis deflection, but be only less than critical angle gamma at the normal vector of triangle surface and the angle γ of Z axis
c, i.e. γ≤γ
ctime, just need support rotation platform to rotate and Z axis deflection plane (around X-axis) deflection, by the 3D printer main body deflection being placed on support rotation platform, make to want marker's piece of digital vertical ground position, curved surface place that this lower triangle surface of STL format represents that designs a model.
Critical angle gamma
csize, according to triangle surface particular location of living under Digital Design model STL form on printer, and 3D prints institute operation situation, determined γ by empirical data
capproximately desirable 50 ° of left and right.(referring to the works " free forming technology " such as Jin Ye, China Machine Press,, P65-P67 in 2012.)
At γ > γ
ctime, support rotation platform and Z axis deflection plane are all without action, and the 3D printer main body of laying on it, normally prints in a conventional manner.
On the other hand, it is the 3D printer main body of laying on support rotation platform, its nozzle direction needs rotation and Z axis deflection plane (around the X-axis) deflection according to above-mentioned support rotation platform, do corresponding variation, after namely must guaranteeing the nozzle direction variation of 3D printer main body, nozzle direction vertical ground or approach vertical ground, simultaneously its injection, injection or scorification drop point, must accurately maintain 3D printer main body and want on the print track line of the printing aspect that marker's piece of digital designs a model.
As aforementioned, print triangle normal direction N according to wanting lower certain wish of STL format that marker's piece of digital designs a model on 3D printer, support rotation platform rotates certain angle
with certain angle of Z axis deflection plane (around X-axis) deflection
make this triangle surface representative curved surface vertical ground, be now placed in the nozzle of the 3D printer main body on support rotation platform, also by original vertical ground deflection
angle, so for making now nozzle recover vertical ground, it is oppositely deflection just
angle, thus make the new material of now nozzle ejection, injection or scorification, drop in the printed material of the triangle surface representative curved surface of locating vertical ground.Because nozzle is the deflection of making vertical plane in this triangle surface normal direction, so the motion of nozzle has just comprised with support rotation platform rotates certain angle
identical corner, and the reverse corner of vertical plane
namely nozzle should have rotation and z axle deflection plane (around the x axle) deflection in x-y plane.Only in this way, be placed in the nozzle of the 3D printer main body on support rotation platform, can rotate and Z axis deflection plane during around X-axis deflection at support Plane of rotation X-Y plane, do corresponding motion, make its direction vertical ground or approach vertical ground, and the coordinate offset of nozzle ejection, injection and the scorification drop point of revising rotation thus and deflection and cause, make nozzle ejection, injection or scorification drop point, the wish marker's piece of digital that just drops on vertical ground designs a model in the material of having printed of triangle surface.
What time basic principle of the present invention needs explanation in addition:
Exist crossing (orthogonal at design workpiece mathematical model, oblique) when two sides, closely merge and connect at the crossover track line (face) that intersects two sides for making to print material, be placed in the 3D printer main body on support rotation platform, the nozzle or the laser printing head that do not change position and direction with the rotation of support rotation platform and Z axis deflection plane (around X-axis) deflection can be set in addition, with with support rotation platform rotate and Z axis deflection plane (around X-axis) deflection change nyctitropic nozzle, the crossover track line (face) that workpiece is intersected to two sides locates to coordinate common printing, make new printing material, locate tight fusion on two sides crossover track line (face), connect, guarantee the print quality of wish printing workpiece at this crossing two sides place, this point is particularly important to printing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece.
Obviously, 3D printer main body of the present invention can arrange multiple shower nozzles and multiple motionless nozzle or laser printing head and multiple can deflection nozzle, to deal with the printing of multiple material, and accelerate print speed.
The rotation of support rotation platform and Z axis deflection plane (around X-axis) deflection, and the rotation of nozzle and deflection, use respectively array elaborate servo drive system (servo motor, Worm Wheel System system, stepper motor etc.), under computer control, carry out.
In addition, when support rotation platform rotates, Z axis deflection plane (around X-axis) deflection, print though solved the lower triangle surface of STL format the problem that no longer relies on supporter, but, but produced the problem that another gravity causes, be placed in 3D printer main body on support rotation platform with support Z axis deflection plane (around X-axis) deflection, on 3D printer main body, wish is printed also deflection equal angular of workpiece, this just likely topples over the workpiece of printing on 3D printer main body, so, under this situation, outside overturning-preventing supporting construction just need to set in advance the inclination of wish printing workpiece time, and this supporting construction is easy to separate.Or 3D printer main body separately arranges special mould clamp, to prevent that workpiece from toppling in the time that 3D printer main body tilts.
Finally, it is the tiltable 3D printer of above-mentioned body, can be extended for 3D print two large class techniques lay powder material or immersion photosensitive resin liquid technique as selective laser sintering (SLS), stereolithography apparatus (SLA), and the technique of not laying powder material or immersing photosensitive resin liquid is as fusion sediment moulding (FDM), droplet injection moulding (Micro droplet jetting), can be compatible in the tiltable 3D printing of body of the present invention, only need be on 3D printer main body, two large class 3D are installed simultaneously and print process equipment, just can realize this compatibility.Under computer control, the worm gear worm gear motor apparatus of 3D printer of the present invention drives 90 ° to 180 ° of 3D printer main body deflections on demand, the technique of paving powder or immersion photosensitive resin liquid will be used, after the whole non-shaping powder material or photosensitive resin liquid of memory dump workpiece, be converted into the printing technique that does not use paving powder or immerse photosensitive resin liquid completely; Otherwise, under computer control, 3D printer of the present invention can stop original use and not spread powder or immerse the technique of photosensitive resin liquid, and worm and gear motor apparatus drives the 3D printer main body position of being kept upright, and is converted to paving powder or immerses the printing technique of photosensitive resin liquid; Realize thus 3D and printed two large class techniques on the tiltable 3D printer of body of the present invention, arbitrarily rough set theory.
Summarize narration the present invention's " the tiltable 3D printer of body " content below:
The tiltable 3D printer of a kind of body, comprise support part and 3D printer main body part, support part has: the frame support (3) that is arranged on ground (18), support platform (2), the worm and gear motor apparatus (5 of deflection support platform (2), 7), rotation platform on support platform (2) is also worm gear (4), be arranged on support platform (2), the worm and gear motor apparatus (4 that drives rotation platform (4) to rotate, 6), with the rigidly connected gripper shoe of support platform (2) (8), by gripper shoe (8), the pivot (9) that support platform (2) and frame support (3) are rotationally connected, worm gear (5) is rigidly connected with a side gripper shoe (8), 3D printer main body part has: 3D printer main body (1) is fixedly mounted on support rotation platform (4), the lifting workbench (12) of 3D printer main body, what the upper y axillare (13) of 3D printer main body (1) was installed can deflection (around x axle) nozzle (14), driving can deflection nozzle (14) servo control mechanism (17), fixed nozzle or laser printing head (16), print the fixed nozzle (15) of supporting construction, printing workpiece (10) on 3D printer main body (1) self-powered platform (12), prevent the supporting construction (11) that workpiece is toppled over, also can be upper at 3D printer main body (1), the special mould clamp of fixation workpiece (10) is set.
When the tiltable 3D printer of body of the present invention is printed, the Digital Design model (10) of printing workpiece according to the upper wish of 3D printer main body (1) workbench (12), is less than critical angle gamma if its STL formats normal vector N and the z axle clamp angle γ of certain triangle representative curved surface
c(Fig. 7), so, rotation platform (4), under computer control, drives rotation one angle by worm and gear motor apparatus (4,6)
make this triangle surface representative curve surface of workpiece, in place to the position vertical with support Z axis (around X-axis) deflection plane; Thereafter, support platform (2) drives deflection angle by worm and gear motor apparatus (5,7)
make curved surface that this triangle surface representative workpiece designs a model in vertical ground (18) position, now, be fixed on the 3D printer main body (1) of support rotation platform (4), its y axillare (13) is upper install can deflection nozzle (14), by computer control, servo control mechanism (stepper motor, servo motor, worm and gear etc.) (17) drives can oppositely deflection of deflection nozzle (14)
angle, makes nozzle (14) vertically or approaches vertical ground (18), oppositely deflection of nozzle (14)
after, the deviation that the landing point coordinates of its injection, injection, scorification produces, revised by computer, thereby make the nozzle (14) after deflection, can be exactly new material, vertical or approach vertical injection, injection or scorification in the in type material of this triangle representative curved surface, closely became one; Simultaneously, workpiece Digital Design model has crossing two sides and one side while needing Yi Benfa invention 3D printer to tilt to vertical ground position to print, under computer control, fixed nozzle or laser printing head (16) coordinate can deflection nozzle (14), crossover track line (face) is printed simultaneously, to guarantee that crossover track line (face) closely becames one.In addition, under computer control, print the fixed nozzle (15) of supporting construction, print suitable supporting construction (11) to workpiece (10).
If being installed on the tiltable 3D printer main body of body of the present invention (1) simultaneously, two large class 3D print process equipment and nozzle, so, only need be under computer control, worm and gear motor apparatus (5,7) drives 90 ° to 180 ° of 3D printer main body (1) deflections, the printing technique of paving powder or immersion photosensitive resin liquid will be used, after the whole non-shaping powder material or photosensitive resin liquid of memory dump workpiece, be converted into the technique that does not use paving powder or immerse photosensitive resin liquid completely; Vice versa.Thereby realize 3D and print two large class techniques on 3D printer of the present invention, arbitrarily rough set theory.
The narration of the tiltable 3D printer Design of body of the present invention scheme is complete.
The prime advantage of the tiltable 3D printer of body of the present invention, to process the hollow polyhedron that tradition is manufactured and current 3D printer technique cannot be processed, spheroid and multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece, in view of multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece has many great potential uses in multiple fields, such as the multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece of high strength titanium alloy and the manufacture of other steel alloy, can it save to greatest extent material and there is again superior physical properties, and be deep-diving vehicles, seabed people pod and occupy people building, submarine, aerospace station, airship, satellite, extraterrestrial (the moon, Mars etc.) occupy people's container, occupy the guard shield of people's building, optimal selection is provided, in addition, the multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece that common material is printed, also can be applicable to multiple fields such as lifeboat, assault boat, ships, buoy and civilian insulation, heat insulation, sound insulation.
The tiltable 3D printer of body of the present invention, for the multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece of processing high grade, provides core technology.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is schematic perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is facade view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is top plan view of the present invention;
Fig. 4 be on 3D printer main body of the present invention can deflection nozzle etc. simple diagram;
Fig. 5 is institute of the present invention wish printing workpiece hollow polyhedron cutaway view;
Fig. 6 is that the present invention prints multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece diagram; ,
Fig. 7 wants the design a model normal vector diagram of certain triangle representative curved surface of STL formatted file of marker piece of digital.
The specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention will be further described
Embodiment is: the 3D printer of the present invention of 1, processing any hollow polyhedron workpiece;
2, the 3D printer of the present invention of processing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece;
Embodiment 1: the 3D printer of the present invention of processing any hollow polyhedron workpiece:
Hollow polyhedron workpiece (10) as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5, is positioned over after 3D printer main body workbench of the present invention (12) at chosen position arbitrarily, still has normal vector N and the Z axis angle γ of certain face, is less than critical angle gamma
c(Fig. 5), so, while including the thin slice of this face with 3D printer printing workpiece of the present invention (10), the rotation platform (4) that 3D printer main body of the present invention (1) is laid, under computer control, driven by worm and gear motor apparatus (4,6), rotate an angle
or β ' is (Fig. 7), by place this face to the position vertical with 3D printer support Z axis of the present invention (around X-axis) deflection plane; Thereafter, support platform (2) is driven by worm and gear motor (5,7), deflection angle
make to be arranged on after 3D printer main body (1) deflection on support rotation platform (4), this face of workpiece (10) on workbench (12), in vertical ground (18) position, now, 3D printer main body (1) y axillare (13) is upper install can deflection nozzle (14), by computer control, servo control mechanism (stepper motor, servo motor, worm and gear etc.) (17) drives its deflection angle
make nozzle (14) vertical or approach vertical ground (18); After nozzle (14) deflection, the grid deviation that its injection, injection, scorification drop point produce, revised by computer, thereby make the nozzle (14) after deflection, can be exactly new material, vertical or approach vertical injection, injection, scorification in the in type material of this face, closely became one; In this face and other face intersection area of hollow polyhedron (10), can get inflection point by deflection nozzle (14), coordinate with fixing nozzle or laser printing head (16), under computer control, in same drop point, this face of hollow polyhedron (10) and other face cross-shaped portion potential energy are closely became one with the new material of different directions injection, injection, scorification.After this face trajectory (face) of this printing thin slice of workpiece (10) and entity have been printed, support (around the X-axis) deflection plane of 3D printer of the present invention is under computer control, driven oppositely deflection by worm and gear motor apparatus (5,7)
angle, make 3D printer main body of the present invention (1) return upright (vertical ground) position, on 3D printer main body (1), be arranged on simultaneously on y axillare (13) can deflection nozzle (14), also by computer control, servo control mechanism (stepper motor, servo motor, worm and gear motor etc.) (17) drives it to rotate
angle, make nozzle (14) return vertical table (12) position, then trajectory (face) and the entity of other face of the polyhedron workpiece (10) to printing thin slice print, until whole thin slice print job completes.The printing of other thin slice of workpiece (10) is processed by that analogy, until workpiece (10) Print All is complete.In addition, in print procedure, under computer control, 3D printer main body (1) is printed the fixing nozzle (15) of supporting construction, prints the supporting construction (11) of suitable overturning-preventing to workpiece (10).
The embodiment of the present invention 1 is narrated complete.
Embodiment 2: the 3D printer of the present invention of processing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece:
The multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece that wish is printed can be arbitrary shape, the hexagon honeycomb structure of analogy honeybee, and cage honeycomb structure, etc.The present embodiment is chosen multilayer grid honeycomb workpiece, narrates the tiltable 3D printer of body of the present invention.Printing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece when (Fig. 6,610), 3D printer of the present invention can fairly simple mode completes the printing of whole workpiece.First, the 1. step, the upright form of 3D printer main body of the present invention (1) not tilt, the ground floor honeycomb (610a) of the multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) on print job platform (12,612), then the 2. step, continues by this way, prints the selected sideline thin layer (610b) of honeycomb second layer bottom (being the top of ground floor honeycomb), again, the the 3. step, 3D printer of the present invention is under computer control, support rotation platform (4) is by worm and gear motor apparatus (4,6) drive, rotate an angle, make 3D printer main body (1) workbench (12,612) on, the second layer of printed multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) bottom selected sideline thin layer (610b), vertical with support Z axis (around X-axis) deflection plane, again, under computer control, by worm and gear motor apparatus (5,7) drive, Z axis deflection plane is around 90 ° of X-axis deflections, make the ground floor (610a) of printed multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) perpendicular to ground (18), and the second layer honeycomb of having printed bottom selected sideline thin layer (610b) is located the floor level position of workpiece, correspondingly, that on the y axillare on 3D printer main body (1), installs can deflection nozzle (14, 614), by servo control mechanism (stepper motor, servo motor, worm and gear etc.) (17) driving, deflection approaches 90 °, make nozzle (14, 614) spray, injection or scorification drop point, can in tolerance band, accurately drop in the material of printed second layer honeycomb bottom selected sideline thin layer (610b), for this reason, deflection nozzle (14, 614) injection producing after, injection, scorification landing point coordinates deviation, revised by computer, again, under computer control, the nozzle (14 of now deflection, 614) to approach the mode of vertical ground (18), print this thin layer (610c) of whole second layer honeycomb bottom, 3D printer main body (1) y axillare (13 simultaneously, 613) the fixing nozzle on or laser printing head (16, 616), cooperation can deflection nozzle (14, 614) the grid honeycomb crossover track line (face) of honeycomb workpiece is sprayed, injection, scorification is printed, making in print procedure can deflection nozzle (14, 614) at second layer honeycomb base injcction, injection, the new material thin layer (610c) of scorification, grid crossover track line (face) at honeycomb workpiece ground floor and the second layer is located, with the in type material of ground floor honeycomb (610a), closely became one, treat that this thin layer (610c) of second layer honeycomb bottom (being ground floor honeycomb top) prints complete, the mode that continues to tilt with 3D printer main body (1) without other thin layer of this bottom layer is printed, just can be under computer control, start the 4. printing of step, it is worm and gear motor apparatus (5, 7) drive 3D printer support Z axis deflection plane of the present invention around 90 ° of the reverse deflections of X-axis, make 3D printer main body (1) return stand up position, y axillare (13 simultaneously, 613) can deflection nozzle (14, 614), also by servo control mechanism (stepper motor, servo motor, worm and gear etc.) (17) driving, oppositely deflection approaches 90 °, return the workbench (12 of vertical 3D printer main body (1), 612) position, then, in a usual manner, other thin layer of honeycomb second layer bottom (being honeycomb ground floor top) is printed, simultaneously, fixing nozzle or laser printing head (16,616) under computer control, adjust nozzle or a laser printing drop point injection, injection or scorification temperature, make the material of its injection, injection or scorification, can be by can deflection nozzle (14,614) new material (610c) of printing, on the grid crossover track line (face) of honeycomb, with ground floor honeycomb (610a) material of accomplishing fluently, closely became one, guarantee the print quality of honeycomb, the each thin layer in bottom for the treatment of second layer honeycomb by can deflection nozzle (14,614) and fixing nozzle or laser printing head (16,616) Print All complete, then, the 5. step, just can continue to print whole second layer honeycomb (610d), until its top, again, the 6. step, starts the printing of the 3rd layer of honeycomb, according to front analogizing, until whole multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) is printed complete, in this process, under computer control, fixing nozzle (15,615) is multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610), prints suitable supporting construction (611), or the special fixing device (jig) arranging with 3D printer main body (1), fixing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) is with overturning-preventing.
In addition, the tiltable 3D printer of available body of the present invention, to the multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece of printing, the reinforcement gusset (rib) of the various shapes of attaching print, size, to strengthen the mechanical property of multi-layer honeycomb structure, adapts to various different needs.
The embodiment of the present invention 2 is narrated complete.
Because tradition manufacture is except use is bonding, do not process the multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece of hollow; And current 3D printer also can only be printed cavity surface normal and vertical line angle γ is greater than critical angle gamma
cspindle-like cavity multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece or non-hollow multilayer honeycomb workpiece; Therefore, the tiltable 3D printer of body of the present invention, that can print hollow with it and save to greatest extent material, there is again the hollow multilayer honeycomb workpiece of superior physical properties (as multilayer honeybee honeycomb), it should be apparent in the superiority of space flight, national defence and civil area.
Claims (7)
1. the tiltable 3D printer of body, comprise support part and 3D printer main body part, it is characterized in that: support part has: the frame support (3) that is arranged on ground (18), support platform (2), the worm and gear motor apparatus (5 of deflection support platform (2), 7), rotation platform (4) on support platform (2) is also worm gear (4), be arranged on support platform (2), the snail that drives rotation platform (4) to rotate turns worm screw motor apparatus (4, 6), with the rigidly connected gripper shoe of support platform (2) (8), by gripper shoe (8), the pivot (9) that support platform (2) and frame support (3) are rotationally connected, worm gear (5) is rigidly connected with a side gripper shoe (8), 3D printer main body part has: 3D printer main body (1) is fixedly mounted on support rotation platform (4), the lifting workbench (12) of 3D printer main body (1), the upper y axillare (13) of 3D printer main body (1) is upper install can deflection (around X-axis) nozzle (14), driving can deflection nozzle (14) servo control mechanism (17), fixed nozzle or laser printing head (16), print the fixed nozzle (15) of supporting construction, the upper printing workpiece (10) of placing of 3D printer main body (1) self-powered platform (12), prevent the supporting construction (11) that workpiece (10) is toppled over.
2. the tiltable 3D printer of body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: print the Digital Design model (10) of workpiece (10) according to the upper wish of 3D printer main body (1) workbench (12), normal vector N and the Z axis angle γ of lower certain the triangle representative of its STL format are less than critical angle gamma
c, so, support rotation platform (4), under computer control, by worm and gear motor apparatus (4,6), rotates an angle
make that curved surface of this triangle surface representative workpiece (10), in place to the position vertical with support Z axis (around X-axis) deflection plane, thereafter, support platform (2) is driven by worm and gear motor apparatus (5,7), deflection angle
make that curved surface of this triangle surface representative workpiece (10), in vertical ground (18) position; Now, be fixed on the 3D printer main body (1) of support rotation platform (4), its y axillare (13) is upper install can deflection nozzle (14), by computer control, servo control mechanism (stepper motor, servo motor, worm and gear etc.), (17) drive can oppositely deflection of deflection nozzle (14)
angle, makes nozzle (14) vertically or approaches vertical ground (18), oppositely deflection of nozzle (14)
after, the deviation that the landing point coordinates of its injection, injection, scorification produces, revised by computer, thereby make the nozzle (14) after deflection, can be exactly new material, vertical or approach vertical injection, injection or scorification in the in type material of this triangle representative curved surface, closely became one; Simultaneously, workpiece Digital Design model has crossing two sides and has simultaneously need tilt to the printing of vertical ground position according to 3D printer of the present invention time, under computer control, fixed nozzle or laser printing head (16) coordinate can deflection nozzle (14), to workpiece (10) phase cross surface trajectory (face), print from different directions or scorification simultaneously, closely became one with the trajectory (face) that guarantees phase cross surface; Format the trajectory (face) of the printing thin slice of this triangle surface representative curved surface at each STL of including, after having printed in 3D printer main body (1) inclination mode, under computer control, worm and gear motor apparatus (5,7), drives oppositely deflection of support deflection plane (around Z axis)
angle, makes 3D printer main body (1) return stand up position; Correspondingly, on 3D printer main body (1) y axle (13) can deflection nozzle (14), also driven deflection by servo control mechanism (17)
angle, return stand up position, vertical table (12), 3D printer main body (1) then other moulding trajectory (face) of the workpiece Digital Design model (10) to this printing thin slice carries out normal condition printing, until whole moulding trajectories (face) of this thin slice are printed complete; The rest may be inferred again with the same manner, prints other thin layer that comprises this triangle surface; 3D printer main body (1), with normally, the mode that do not tilt, prints and includes all triangle surface normal N and Z axis angle γ in workpiece Digital Design model (10) STL formatted file and be greater than critical angle gamma
cthe moulding trajectory (face) of printing thin slice of curved surface; Until the wish on 3D printer main body (1) is printed workpiece (10) by the tiltable 3D printer of body of the present invention, in the mode tilting He do not tilt, Print All is complete; In addition, under computer control, print the fixed nozzle (15) of supporting construction, print suitable support structure (11) to workpiece (10); Also can be upper at 3D printer main body (1), the special mould clamp of fixation workpiece (10) is set.
3. the tiltable 3D printer of body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the worm and gear motor apparatus (5 of described driving support platform (2) deflection, 7), the worm and gear motor apparatus (4 that drives rotation platform (4) to rotate, 6), and the upper driving of the y axillare (13) of 3D printer main body (1) can deflection nozzle (14) servo control mechanism (stepper motor, servo motor, worm and gear etc.) (17), all under computer control, do the precision action of mutual harmonious orderly, and after can deflection nozzle (14) deflection, its injection, injection, the deviation that scorification landing point coordinates produces, accurately revised by computer, print workpiece (10) with the wish of guaranteeing to lay on the workbench (12) of 3D printer main body (1), can be in the time of the inclination of 3D printer of the present invention and upright printing, can implement like clockwork and complete printing.
4. the tiltable 3D printer of body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the 3D printer of the present invention of described printing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610), can complete in fairly simple mode the printing of whole multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610), first, the 1. step, the upright form of 3D printer main body of the present invention (1) not tilt, the ground floor honeycomb (610a) of the multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) on print job platform (12,612), then, the 2. step, continues by this way, prints the selected sideline thin layer (610b) of honeycomb second layer bottom (being the top of ground floor honeycomb), again, the the 3. step, 3D printer of the present invention is under computer control, support rotation platform (4) is driven by worm and gear motor apparatus (4,6), rotate an angle, the second layer bottom selected sideline thin layer (610b) that makes multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) printed on 3D printer main body (1) workbench (12,612) is vertical with support Z axis (around X-axis) deflection plane, again, under computer control, driven by worm and gear motor apparatus (5,7), Z axis deflection plane is around 90 ° of X-axis deflections, make the ground floor (610a) of printed multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece perpendicular to ground (18), and the second layer honeycomb workpiece of having printed bottom selected sideline thin layer (610b) is located the floor level position of workpiece, correspondingly, that on the y axillare on 3D printer main body (1), installs can deflection nozzle (14, 614), by servo control mechanism (stepper motor, servo motor, worm and gear etc.) (17) driving, deflection approaches 90 °, make nozzle (14, 614) spray, injection or scorification drop point, can in tolerance band, accurately drop in the material of printed second layer honeycomb bottom selected sideline thin layer (610b), for this reason, deflection nozzle (14, 614) injection producing after, injection, scorification landing point coordinates deviation, revised by computer, again, under computer control, the nozzle (14 of now deflection, 614) to approach the mode of vertical ground (18), print this thin layer (610c) of whole second layer honeycomb bottom, 3D printer main body (1) y axillare (13 simultaneously, 613) fixed nozzle on or laser printing head (16, 616), cooperation can deflection nozzle (14, 614) the grid crossover track line (face) of honeycomb workpiece is sprayed, injection, scorification is printed, making in print procedure can deflection nozzle (14, 614) at second layer honeycomb base injcction, injection, the new material thin layer (610c) of scorification is located at the grid crossover track line (face) of honeycomb workpiece ground floor and the second layer, with the in type material of ground floor honeycomb, closely became one, treat that this thin layer (610c) of second layer honeycomb bottom (being ground floor honeycomb top) prints complete, the mode that continues to tilt with 3D printer main body (1) without other thin layer of this bottom layer is printed, just can be under computer control, start the 4. printing of step, that is: worm and gear motor apparatus (5, 7) drive 3D printer support Z axis deflection plane of the present invention around 90 ° of the reverse deflections of X-axis, make 3D printer main body (1) return stand up position, y axillare (13 simultaneously, 613) can deflection nozzle (14, 614), also by servo control mechanism (stepper motor, servo motor, worm and gear etc.) (17) driving, oppositely deflection approaches 90 °, return the workbench (12 of vertical 3D printer main body (1), 612) position, then, in a usual manner, other thin layer of honeycomb second layer bottom (being honeycomb ground floor top) is printed, simultaneously, fixed nozzle or laser printing head (16,616) are under computer control, adjust nozzle or a laser printing drop point injection, injection or scorification temperature, make the material of its injection, injection or scorification, can be by the new material (610c) of can deflection nozzle (14,614) printing, on the grid crossover track line (face) of honeycomb, with printed ground floor honeycomb (610a) material, closely became one, guarantee the print quality of honeycomb, the each thin layer in bottom for the treatment of second layer honeycomb by can deflection nozzle (14,614) and fixed nozzle or laser printing head (16,616) Print All complete, then the 5. step, just can continue to print whole second layer honeycomb (610d), directly cause its top, again, the 6. step, starts the printing of the 3rd layer of honeycomb, according to this according to pushing away, until whole multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) is printed complete, in this process, under computer control, fixed nozzle (15,615) is multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610), print suitable supporting construction (611), or the special fixing device (jig) arranging with 3D printer main body (1), fixing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) is with overturning-preventing.
5. the tiltable 3D printer of body according to claim 1, is characterized in that, upper at 3D printer main body (1), two large class 3D is installed simultaneously and prints process equipment, and two large class techniques can compatiblely be used on 3D printer of the present invention, under computer control, the worm and gear motor apparatus of 3D printer of the present invention (5,7) drives 90 ° to 180 ° of 3D printer main body (1) deflections on demand, the technique of paving powder or immersion photosensitive resin liquid will be used, after the whole non-shaping powder material or photosensitive resin liquid of memory dump workpiece, be converted into the technique that does not use paving powder or immerse photosensitive resin liquid completely, otherwise under computer control, 3D printer of the present invention can stop the technique that original use does not spread powder or immerses photosensitive resin liquid, conversion paving powder or immersion photosensitive resin liquid technique, realize thus 3D and print the random rough set theory of two large class techniques on 3D printer of the present invention, be applied to while printing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece with 3D printer of the present invention, can be first by 3D printer of the present invention with paving powder or immerse photosensitive resin liquid technique, print ground floor (610a) and second layer bottom (being ground floor top) selected sideline thin layer (610b) of multi-layer honeycomb structure, then the worm and gear motor apparatus (5 of 3D printer of the present invention, 7) drive 90 ° to 180 ° of 3D printer main body (1) deflections, dispose after whole non-shaping powder materials or photosensitive resin liquid, 3D printer main body (1) is by worm and gear motor (5, 7) drive, the level that deflects to 90 ° is put position, be converted to by the technique that does not spread powder or immersion photosensitive resin liquid, print the whole thin layer (610c) of multi-layer honeycomb structure second layer bottom (being ground floor top), directly cause printing complete, then 3D printer main body of the present invention (1) is driven by worm and gear motor apparatus (5,7), oppositely 90 ° of deflections, return stand up position, use heavily again paving powder or immerse photosensitive resin liquid technique, printing second layer bottom and the whole second layer (610d) of multi-layer honeycomb structure, by that analogy, 3D printer of the present invention is under computer control, and in the mode of 3D printer main body (1) that repeatedly tilts, the large class 3D of rough set theory two prints technique, multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece (610) is successively printed, and high-quality completes the printing of whole workpiece.
6. the tiltable 3D printer of body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described with 3D printer printing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece of the present invention, while printing multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece, print in addition the reinforcement gusset (rib) of various shape and size can to according to need multi-layer honeycomb structure, gusset (rib) and multi-layer honeycomb close structure are became one, strengthen the mechanical property of multi-layer honeycomb structure workpiece, to adapt to the needs of different purposes.
7. the tiltable 3D printer of body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, available laser scorification wire or laser fusion welding wire technique, replace on the y axillare (13,613) of 3D printer main body (1) can deflection nozzle (14,614) and " ink " material (16,616) technique of using at present of fixed nozzle, workpiece (10,610) is printed.
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| CN201410010948.5A CN103786342A (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2014-01-10 | 3D (three-dimensional) printer with inclinable machine body |
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| CN201410010948.5A CN103786342A (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2014-01-10 | 3D (three-dimensional) printer with inclinable machine body |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |