CN103785809A - Detection method for pre-judging self-opening rate of ladle nozzles - Google Patents
Detection method for pre-judging self-opening rate of ladle nozzles Download PDFInfo
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- CN103785809A CN103785809A CN201410031209.4A CN201410031209A CN103785809A CN 103785809 A CN103785809 A CN 103785809A CN 201410031209 A CN201410031209 A CN 201410031209A CN 103785809 A CN103785809 A CN 103785809A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method for pre-judging the self-opening rate of ladle nozzles. The method includes the steps that a sintering test is carried out, specifically, ladle filler sand is pressed into a strip-shaped sample, and the breaking strength of the strip-shaped sample after high-temperature roasting is tested; a steel seepage test is carried out, specifically, a crucible made of refractory bricks is filled with a specific amount of ladle filler sand, a specific number of small steel blocks formed by cutting are placed on the surface of the ladle filler sand, a crucible sample is made and roasted under a preset temperature and is then split along the radial line of a crucible hole after being roasted and cooled, and the relative position the ladle filler sand and molten steel is examined; a thermal shock resistance test is carried out on the strip-shaped sample; the self-opening rate of the ladle nozzles is judged according to comprehensive results of the sintering test, the steel seepage test and the thermal shock resistance test. By means of the method, qualitative analysis of the non-self-opening rate of ladle nozzles in the prior art is quantized through the sintering test, the steel seepage test and the thermal shock resistance test, and the technical effect that the detection method is objective and a detection result is accurate is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steelmaking technical field, relate in particular to a kind of detection method of anticipation ladle nozzle self-opening rate.
Background technology
At smelter, ladle nozzle self-opening rate is the thing that people are concerned about, because it is related to the quality of steel billet, as the secondary oxidation of: molten steel, air-breathing, the amount of inclusions etc.Therefore metallurgical technicians improves ladle upper nozzle self-opening rate always hardy, and to obtain 100% self-opening rate as ultimate aim.
Inventor, in experimentation, finds that prior art exists following not enough:
Ladle nozzle self-opening rate conventionally with comprise drainage material (material, granularity, mobility, agglutinating property and thermal expansivity), hot repair package operation (mouth of a river cleaning and clean level thereof) in water steel bar part (steel grade, liquid steel temperature, ladle turnaround time), ladle turnover and to throw sand operation (throwing accuracy and the shot feeding per run of sand mode, throwing sand) etc. relevant.Because influence factor is numerous, and include many factors relevant to " people ", therefore, ladle is not the general performance under multiple factor actings in conjunction from opening.In real production process, exist and judge the inaccurate phenomenon of ladle nozzle self-opening rate detection method.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of detection method of anticipation ladle nozzle self-opening rate, for solve prior art ladle nozzle self-opening rate detect subjectivity high, detect inaccurate technical problem, reach testing conditions objective, detect technique effect accurately.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of detection method of anticipation ladle nozzle self-opening rate, and described method comprises: sintering test, stuffing sand is pressed into band sample, and test the rupture strength after described band sample high-temperature roasting; Ooze steel test, quantitative described stuffing sand is inserted in the crucible made from refractory brick, place again steel billet quantitative, that cutting forms on described stuffing sand surface, make crucible sample, under predetermined temperature, carry out roasting, roasting complete and described crucible sample cooling after, cut described crucible sample open along the radial line of crucible hole, check the relative position of described stuffing sand and molten steel; Thermal shock resistance test, the band sample that described stuffing sand is pressed into carries out thermal shock resistance test.Judge described ladle nozzle self-opening rate according to described sintering test, the synthesis result of oozing steel test and thermal shock resistance test.
Further, describedly judge that according to described thermal shock resistance result of the test described ladle nozzle self-opening rate comprises: in the time that described band sample is cataclasm after a thermal shock resistance test, judge that described ladle nozzle can open certainly.
Further, describedly judge that according to described thermal shock resistance result of the test described ladle nozzle self-opening rate comprises: though at once do not present cataclasm when described band sample after a thermal shock resistance test, but leave standstill after the scheduled time when still cataclasm, judge that described ladle nozzle can open certainly.
Further, described stuffing sand is pressed into band sample, tests the rupture strength after described band sample high-temperature roasting, also comprise: in roasting process, barrier thing is set around described sample, to avoid hot test stove heater element directly described band sample to be heated.
Further, described stuffing sand is pressed into band sample, test the rupture strength after described band sample high-temperature roasting, also comprise: using the described band sample rupture strength value 1.8～2.6MPa after roasting as the suitable judgement reference parameter of stuffing sand agglutinating property.
Further, the relative position of the described stuffing sand of described inspection and molten steel, comprise: determining of described relative position is placed in crucible bottom with the stuffing sand before crucible high-temperature roasting, and it is original reference state that bloom is placed in crucible top, with the crucible condition as a comparison of cutting open after high-temperature roasting.
Further, when stuffing sand is in crucible bottom, the state of molten steel in stuffing sand top be not for oozing steel phenomenon.
Further, when molten steel sinks to crucible bottom, stuffing sand floats on the state on crucible top for oozing steel phenomenon.
Further, described when stuffing sand in crucible bottom, the state of molten steel in stuffing sand top be not for after oozing steel phenomenon, also comprise: measure molten steel height in crucible, and the described molten steel height recording and basis are added to the weight of bloom, the proportion of steel and the molten steel theoretical level comparison that crucible diameter calculates, judge whether described molten steel infiltrates in described stuffing sand.
Further, described when stuffing sand in crucible bottom, the state of molten steel in stuffing sand top be not for after oozing steel phenomenon, also comprise: the height of measuring described stuffing sand in crucible, and by the described stuffing sand aspect ratio of measurement result and roasting pre-test, judge whether stuffing sand has showy.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
The detection method of a kind of anticipation ladle nozzle self-opening rate that one embodiment of the invention provides, by sintering test, ooze steel test and thermal shock resistance test is able to quantification, has reached that detection method is objective, testing result technique effect accurately.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the detection method schematic flow sheet of a kind of anticipation ladle nozzle self-opening rate in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the front stuffing sand of roasting and bloom relative position schematic diagram in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the crucible section of cutting open after high-temperature roasting in one embodiment of the invention, and does not carry out 1400 ℃ of pretreated stuffing sands and bloom relative position schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the crucible section of cutting open after high-temperature roasting in one embodiment of the invention, and carries out 1400 ℃ of pretreated stuffing sands and bloom relative position schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
One embodiment of the invention by sintering test, ooze steel test and thermal shock resistance test is able to quantification, reached that detection method is objective, testing result technique effect accurately.
Further, the embodiment of the present invention illustrated ladle from the realization of opening not simply because stuffing sand sintering strength lower than or be equivalent to ladle molten steel static pressure, open while watering and crushed and certainly open by ferrostatic pressure.But after opening because of steel ladle slide board, because the unsintered stuffing sand Rapid Flow in ladle nozzle bottom goes out ladle nozzle, cold air enters in (chilling effect) mouth of a river fast, cause the inside and outside both sides of stuffing sand sinter layer to produce large thermal stress, causing stuffing sand fragility sinter layer cracking and crackle expands rapidly, sinter layer intensity significantly reduces, thereby sinter layer is crushed under ferrostatic pressure effect, realizes from opening.
For making those skilled in the art understand more in detail the present invention, describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As described in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is that the detection method of a kind of anticipation ladle nozzle self-opening rate in one embodiment of the invention comprises:
Step 10: sintering test, stuffing sand is pressed into band sample, test the rupture strength after described band sample high-temperature roasting;
Step 20: ooze steel test, quantitative described stuffing sand is inserted in the crucible made from refractory brick, place again steel billet quantitative, that cutting forms on described stuffing sand surface, make crucible sample, under predetermined temperature, carry out roasting, roasting complete and described crucible sample cooling after, cut described crucible sample open along the radial line of crucible hole, check the relative position of described stuffing sand and molten steel;
Step 30: thermal shock resistance test, the band sample that described stuffing sand is pressed into carries out thermal shock resistance test;
Step 40: according to described sintering test, ooze steel test and thermal shock resistance result of the test judges described ladle nozzle self-opening rate.
Specifically, the thermal shock resistance test of oozing steel and ooze steel test and step 30 of the sintering test of embodiment provided by the present invention by step 10, step 20, to stuffing sand agglutinating property, whether can ooze steel phenomenon, whether be easy to the sinterskin etc. that molten steel crushes stuffing sand top layer and comprehensively analyze, judge, in order to whether can certainly drive row anticipation into stuffing sand or to stuffing sand not from Kaiyuan because analyzing.
The sample of sintering test of the present invention and thermal shock resistance test can be designed as band sample; size can be designed to 25 × 25 × 130mm; but protection scope of the present invention does not specifically limit the shape of sample and the size of sample, as long as the technical scheme within purport of the present invention is protection scope of the present invention.
Be described further with the sintering test of step 10, the thermal shock resistance test of oozing steel test and step 30 of step 20 below.
Step 10: sintering test.
Specifically, step 10, for stuffing sand is pressed into band sample, is tested the rupture strength after described band sample high-temperature roasting.
Wherein, in order to approach stuffing sand actual service conditions, in roasting process, barrier thing is set around described sample, to avoid hot test stove heater element directly described band sample to be heated.
In the time judging the agglutinating property of stuffing sand, using the described band sample rupture strength value 1.8～2.6MPa after roasting as the suitable judgement reference parameter of stuffing sand agglutinating property.Good sintering can form continuous sinter layer at stuffing sand hot surface, stops molten steel to infiltration in stuffing sand and reduces floating in molten steel of stuffing sand.
Step 20: ooze steel test
Specifically, step 20 is for to insert quantitative described stuffing sand in the crucible made from refractory brick, place again steel billet quantitative, that cutting forms on described stuffing sand surface, under predetermined temperature, carry out roasting, roasting complete and described crucible sample cooling after, cut described crucible sample open along the radial line of crucible hole, check the relative position of described stuffing sand and molten steel.
Wherein, the standard that judges the relative position of the described stuffing sand of described inspection and molten steel is: be placed in crucible bottom with the stuffing sand before crucible high-temperature roasting, it is original reference state that bloom is placed in crucible top, with the crucible condition as a comparison of cutting open after high-temperature roasting, if when stuffing sand is in crucible bottom, the state of molten steel in stuffing sand top is for oozing steel phenomenon, if sink to crucible bottom when melting steel, stuffing sand floats on the state on crucible top for oozing steel phenomenon.Freeze phenomenon and will have a strong impact on certainly opening of the mouth of a river by oozing steel-sand that steel causes.
Further, described when stuffing sand in crucible bottom, the state of molten steel in stuffing sand top be not for after oozing steel phenomenon, also comprise: measure molten steel height in crucible, and the described molten steel height recording and basis are added to the weight of bloom, the proportion of steel and the molten steel theoretical level comparison that crucible diameter calculates, judge whether described molten steel infiltrates in described stuffing sand.
Further, described when stuffing sand in crucible bottom, the state of molten steel in stuffing sand top be not for after oozing steel phenomenon, also comprise: the height of measuring described stuffing sand in crucible, and by the described stuffing sand aspect ratio of measurement result and roasting pre-test, judge whether stuffing sand has showy.
Step 30: thermal shock resistance test
Specifically, described step 30 is that the band sample that described stuffing sand is pressed into carries out thermal shock resistance test, and judges described ladle nozzle self-opening rate according to described thermal shock resistance result of the test.
Wherein, described thermal shock resistance test can adopt 25 × 25 × 125mm specification sample, after 1600 ℃ of roastings, with reference to YB/T376.1-1995 " refractory product thermal shock resistance test method (water quick cooling method) " standard, the thermal shock resistance of test sample.
Step 40: judge described ladle nozzle self-opening rate according to described sintering test, the synthesis result of oozing steel test and thermal shock resistance test.
Further, judge that described ladle nozzle self-opening rate also comprises two kinds of determination methods,
1,, in the time that described band sample is cataclasm after the test of thermal shock resistance, judge that described ladle nozzle can open certainly.
Though 2,, when described band sample after the test of thermal shock resistance does not present cataclasmly at once, when still cataclasm after the standing scheduled time, judge that described ladle nozzle can open certainly.
In sum, the present invention is made over to ladle from the qualitative analysis of not opening by sintering test, oozes steel test and thermal shock resistance test is able to quantification, for smelter or other high melt enterprises and stuffing sand producer, relating to ladle from exercisable, a to quantize method is provided aspect the analysis of opening and grasp stuffing sand quality and stability thereof.
For a kind of ladle nozzle self-opening rate detection method provided by the present invention is better described, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of concrete test method.
Get practical application, self-opening rate is not less than 99% stuffing sand in certain in period, mixes temporary bonding agent, add water and stir.Under 3000N pressure, be made into the band sample of 25 × 25 × 130mm, be labeled as № 1.After baking, according to the test temperature of setting, sample is put into high temperature furnace (SiC rod stove or SiMo rod stove) and carry out roasting.Sample after burning cools to room temperature with the furnace, after taking-up, tests its rupture strength.
Prepare sintering strength lower than № 1, and approach the stuffing sand of ferrostatic pressure, mix temporary bonding agent, add water and stir.Under 3000N pressure, be made into the band sample of 25 × 25 × 130mm, be labeled as № 2.After baking, according to the test temperature of setting, band sample is put into high temperature furnace (SiC rod stove or SiMo rod stove) and carry out roasting.Sample after burning cools to room temperature with the furnace, after taking-up, tests its rupture strength.
The sintering strength (MPa) of two groups of samples is as shown in the table.
Quantitative stuffing sand is inserted in the crucible made from refractory brick, then placed steel billet quantitative, that cutting forms on stuffing sand surface, make crucible sample, roasting under 1600 ℃ × 3h.Roasting complete and crucible sample cooling after, cut sample open along the radial line of crucible hole, check the relative position of stuffing sand and molten steel.
Further, the stuffing sand of two kinds of different sintering strengths (№ 1 and № 2) is inserted after crucible, together after 1400 ℃ of pretreatment, makes crucible sample with crucible, then roasting under 1600 ℃ × 3h.Roasting complete and crucible sample cooling after, cut sample open along the radial line of crucible hole, check the relative position of stuffing sand and molten steel.
Stuffing sand is made to the band sample of 25 × 25 × 125mm specification, after 1600 ℃ of roastings, with reference to YB/T376.1-1995 " refractory product thermal shock resistance test method (water quick cooling method) " standard, carried out thermal shock resistance test.
Thermal shock resistance result of the test shows that cracking crackle has appearred in № 1 sample after a thermal shock test, and what have direct fracture has occurred, although and have just from water, take out time disconnected, shelve 1～2min hand can gently break cause broken.
Further, further set forth and ooze steel test according to accompanying drawing 2,3,4.Wherein, label 1 represents crucible, and label 2 represents not carry out 1400 ℃ of pretreated stuffing sands, and label 3 represents to carry out 1400 ℃ of pretreated stuffing sands.Label 4 represents bloom, specifically,
Stuffing sand 2 or 3 is inserted respectively to the bottom of crucible 1, then on stuffing sand, placed bloom 4, then implement to ooze the high-temperature roasting of steel test.
Shown in accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4, after 1600 ℃ of high-temperature roastings, cut crucible open, no matter whether the corresponding stuffing sand of № 1 is through 1400 ℃ of pretreatment, and contrasts before roasting, and the relative position of stuffing sand and bloom does not change.Illustrate that its sintering strength is enough to resist the possibility of infiltration in hyperbaric molten steel phase stuffing sand.And the corresponding stuffing sand of № 2 is due to sintering strength deficiency, no matter whether through 1400 ℃ of pretreatment, and contrast before roasting, the relative position of stuffing sand and bloom all changes, and in the phenomenon of the visible steel-sand in the top of crucible " coagulation freezes ".Illustrate that the stuffing sand that sintering strength is low is difficult to resist by molten steel that stir, hyperbaric the destruction to stuffing sand sinter layer, the possibility of infiltration in the oriented stuffing sand of molten steel.
Comprehensive sintering test, ooze the data of steel test and thermal shock resistance test, 1400 ℃ of sintering strength 0.2～0.4Mpa, the stuffing sand of 1600 ℃ of sintering strength 1.8～2.6Mpa, molten steel is difficult to infiltrate in stuffing sand; Can be cataclasm through a prefabricated sample of thermal shock test stuffing sand, it can realize anticipation from opening, and with practical application in be not less than 99% ladle self-opening rate and coincide; 1400 ℃ of sintering strength 0.0Mpa, the stuffing sand of 1600 ℃ of sintering strength 0.28Mpa, because it fails Fast Sintering, and sintering strength is low, and stuffing sand floats, and molten steel infiltrates in stuffing sand, and it is difficult to anticipation realize from opening.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention the present invention.Like this, if within of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs to the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (10)
1. a detection method for anticipation ladle nozzle self-opening rate, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Sintering test, is pressed into band sample by stuffing sand, tests the rupture strength after described band sample high-temperature roasting;
Ooze steel test, quantitative described stuffing sand is inserted in the crucible made from refractory brick, place again steel billet quantitative, that cutting forms on described stuffing sand surface, make crucible sample, under predetermined temperature, carry out roasting, roasting complete and described crucible sample cooling after, cut described crucible sample open along the radial line of crucible hole, check the relative position of described stuffing sand and molten steel;
Thermal shock resistance test, the band sample that described stuffing sand is pressed into carries out thermal shock resistance test;
Judge described ladle nozzle self-opening rate according to described sintering test, the synthesis result of oozing steel test and thermal shock resistance test.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly judges that according to described thermal shock resistance result of the test described ladle nozzle self-opening rate comprises:
In the time that described band sample is cataclasm after the test of thermal shock resistance, judge that described ladle nozzle can open certainly.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly judges that according to described thermal shock resistance result of the test described ladle nozzle self-opening rate comprises:
Though when described band sample after the test of thermal shock resistance does not present cataclasmly at once, when still cataclasm after the standing scheduled time, judge that described ladle nozzle can open certainly.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described stuffing sand is pressed into band sample, tests the rupture strength after described band sample high-temperature roasting, also comprises:
In roasting process, barrier thing is set around described sample, to avoid hot test stove heater element directly described band sample to be heated.
5. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described stuffing sand is pressed into band sample, tests the rupture strength after described band sample high-temperature roasting, also comprises:
Using the described band sample rupture strength value 1.8～2.6MPa after roasting as the suitable judgement reference parameter of stuffing sand agglutinating property.
6. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the relative position of the described stuffing sand of described inspection and molten steel, comprising:
Determining of described relative position is placed in crucible bottom with the stuffing sand before crucible high-temperature roasting, and it is original reference state that bloom is placed in crucible top, with the crucible condition as a comparison of cutting open after high-temperature roasting.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: when stuffing sand is in crucible bottom, the state of molten steel in stuffing sand top be not for oozing steel phenomenon.
8. method as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: when molten steel sinks to crucible bottom, stuffing sand floats on the state on crucible top for oozing steel phenomenon.
9. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described, when stuffing sand is in crucible bottom, the state of molten steel in stuffing sand top, for after not oozing steel phenomenon, also comprises:
Measure molten steel height in crucible, and the described molten steel height recording and basis are added to the weight of bloom, the proportion of steel and the molten steel theoretical level comparison that crucible diameter calculates, judge whether described molten steel infiltrates in described stuffing sand.
10. method as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described, when stuffing sand is in crucible bottom, the state of molten steel in stuffing sand top, for after not oozing steel phenomenon, also comprises:
Measure the height of described stuffing sand in crucible, and by the described stuffing sand aspect ratio of measurement result and roasting pre-test, judge whether stuffing sand has showy.
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Citations (1)
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| CN102033021A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-04-27 | 首钢总公司 | Testing method for quantifying sintering property of flow guiding sand |
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| CN102033021A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-04-27 | 首钢总公司 | Testing method for quantifying sintering property of flow guiding sand |
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Address after: 100041 Shijingshan Road, Beijing, No. 68, No. Patentee after: Shougang Group Co. Ltd. Address before: 100041 Shijingshan Road, Beijing, No. 68, No. Patentee before: Capital Iron & Steel General Company |