CN103777432A - Spatial light modulator and light field three-dimensional display system thereof - Google Patents
Spatial light modulator and light field three-dimensional display system thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spatial light modulator and a light field three-dimensional display system thereof, belonging to the technical field of naked eye three-dimensional display. The spatial light modulator is implemented by adopting a two-dimensional array and an analog two-dimensional array consisting of a one-dimensional array and a one-dimensional scanning mechanical device connected with the one-dimensional array, and each pixel in the array is controlled by using a light ray deflector. The light field three-dimensional display system comprises a light source module and the spatial light modulator connected with the light source module. The spatial light modulator has the advantages of large deflection angle, high deflection accuracy and quick response, and light field three-dimensional display with a large visual angle, large representation depth and high resolution is realized.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is the device in a kind of bore hole stereo display technique field, specifically a kind of spatial light modulator and light field three-dimensional display system thereof.
Background technology
Nearly decades, display technique development is advanced by leaps and bounds, and the performances such as contrast, visual angle, resolution, color fidelity are more and more higher, and volume weight is more and more less.But conventional display device can only provide two-dimensional image, lack depth information (third dimension).And real world is around three-dimensional, two dimension shows and limited perception and understood complicated real world, and 3-D display becomes the new development trend in demonstration field gradually.
Light field 3-D display is a kind of important dimension display technologies.Light field shows by the luminous mode of object in Reality simulation three-dimensional scenic rebuilds object optical field distribution around, thereby reappears 3-dimensional image.In free space, for given wavelength and moment, can be with one five dimension function L (x, y, z, Θ, Ψ) represent with a static light field, wherein: x, y, z is the three-dimensional coordinate of any point in light, and Θ, Ψ are respectively the direction of propagation of light, λ is the wavelength of light, and t is the time.For real-life object, no matter be self luminous or other light source of diffuse reflection, all can around own, form unique optical field distribution.The principle that light field shows is the space light that produces varying strength and direction by spatial light modulator (SLM) modulation, reappears whole optical field distribution.Spatial light modulator for reconstruction of optical wave field can be regarded the two-dimensional section of light field in space as, and this cross section is crossing with the numerous vector that comprises intensity and three-dimensional (light).But in fact spatial light modulator can not be modulated numerous continuous vector simultaneously, can only show limited discrete vector.
The method that realizes light field demonstration has following several: longitudinal diffuser screen of 1) using high-speed projector and High Rotation Speed, the light projecting on diffuser screen reflects in the horizontal, be scattered out in the vertical, make different directions projection go out different images, and other visual angles be blocked.When right and left eyes is during respectively across two viewpoints, just can produce real three-dimensional through brain fusion of imaging and experience.But rotary screen inevitably causes judder, and Quick mechanical device volume is huge, and power is high.2) realized by Duo Tai projector and holographic directed screen.Each different projectors projection pattern from different directions, has formed different visual angle images, and holographic directed screen is controlled luminous angle makes its visual angle image that is combined into continuous distribution, thereby forms a complete picture.But multiple projecting apparatus systems involve great expense, calibration difficulties.3) control respectively position and the direction of light by spatial light modulator, reappear three-dimensional body.
But this scheme is limited to several key factors: a) deflection angle of existing space photomodulator is little.Traditional phase type spatial light modulator relies on the phase differential between neighbor to produce light angle deflection.Pixel Dimensions is less, and the deflection angle that can reach is larger.The pixel of commercial spatial light modulation, generally at 6 μ m-8 μ m, causes deflection angle to only have 2 to 3 degree at present.B) response speed of spatial light modulator is slow.The people such as Gordon Wetzstein proposed by multilayer spatial light modulator spaced apart in 2012, with the particular pixel group of different spaces photomodulator layer define direction of light and intensity (document " Tensor displays:compressive light field synthesis using multilayer displays with directional backlighting; " ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), 31,80,2012).But its response speed is greater than 2ms, therefore in order to reappear the angle of different directions, light field shows need to provide angle information to sacrifice spatial resolution; Gordon Wetzstein mentions also and can coordinate the backlight of multi-angle outgoing to realize light field demonstration by individual layer spatial light modulator in piece of writing document.But because the response speed of spatial light modulator is fast not, need to sacrifices spatial resolution and exchange angle information for.
Because existing space photomodulator deflection angle is little, response speed is slow, cause light field 3-D display observation visual angle little, reproduce depth as shallow and spatial resolution low.The people such as D.E.Smalley proposed in 2013 to adopt the spatial light modulator of sound wave modulation increase response speed (document " Anisotropic leaky-mode modulator for holographic video displays; " Nature, 498,313,2013), also can expand to a certain extent deflection angle.But these schemes need to be converted into high-frequency signal by angle information, and need mechanical scanner, make system become more complicated.
Polymer stabilizing blue phase liquid crystal (hereinafter referred to as blue phase liquid crystal) is the special phase of a kind of liquid crystal of polymer stabilizing.Blue phase liquid crystal has double-spiral structure, there is shorter coherent length, therefore there is very fast response speed, can reach Microsecond grade (document " A low voltage and submillisecond-response polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal, " Appl.Phys.Lett., 102,141116,2013), and this material do not need to join mutually layer, technique is simple, easily manufactures.
Through the retrieval of prior art is found, Song Shijun etc., in " Primary Study of the body three-dimensional monitor of zoom nanometer liquid crystal lens " (modern demonstration AdvancedDisplay, total the 83/84th phase), a kind of 3D three-dimensional display based on power zoom nanometer liquid crystal lens is proposed.These zoom lens have the high-speed response of 50Hz to reach the demonstration of flicker free.Graded index nanometer polymer dispersed LCD lens, by ultraviolet mask manufacture, have the transparency good, the advantage of fast response time.Adopt quick cathode-ray tube (CRT) as two dimensional display.Because blue phase liquid crystal lens can only be realized switching over, cannot change focal length.Therefore need to provide multiple directions information by the pixel of multiple diverse locations, greatly reduce resolution; And because the phase differential that blue phase liquid crystal lens produce by inhomogeneous field is little, focal length is long, the visual range that causes this 3D to show is little; And because in the structure that blue phase liquid crystal lens adopt, direction of an electric field, the thick direction of liquid crystal cell and optical propagation direction are in same direction: increase liquid crystal cell thick, can increase some phase differential, but voltage also increases greatly.
Chinese patent literature CN102713732A, open (bulletin) day 2012.10.03, disclose a kind of light deflector and adopted the liquid crystal indicator of this light deflector, this technology makes light deflection to the yawing moment of regulation and the light deflector that can modulate the deflection angle of light, and it possesses multiple liquid crystal deflection elements of alignment arrangements on the yawing moment of regulation.In at least one group of adjacent paired liquid crystal deflection element, the size of a side liquid crystal deflection element on the yawing moment of regulation and the opposing party's liquid crystal deflection element varying in size on the yawing moment of regulation.But this technology is owing to adopting common nematic crystal, response speed is slow, number of angles very little, deflection precision is low.Therefore the depth of field is very little.Secondly, because its liquid crystal is made on leg-of-mutton substrate, need to join layer mutually, the operation that imports liquid crystal is very complicated, the therefore more difficult scale of mass production that realizes.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of spatial light modulator and light field three-dimensional display system thereof are proposed, there is large deflection angle, high deflection precision, the fast advantage of response, realizes large angle of visibility, reproduces the degree of depth, high-resolution light field 3-D display greatly on the basis that need not sacrifice spatial resolution completely and keep voltage to increase.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of light field three-dimensional display system, comprise: light source module and the spatial light modulator being attached thereto, wherein: spatial light modulator passes through timing method, take pixel as unit, the light in light source module all directions is carried out to intensity modulated, make light source module reappear the light field of three-dimensional body, thereby realize 3-D display.
Described light source can adopt singly and be not limited to: the incoherent light source such as coherent source, light emitting diode (LED) of laser etc.
Described light source is single Integral back radiant or is made up of multiple sub-back lights, wherein: each sub-backlight provides backlight to one of spatial light modulator or one group of pixel.
Described Integral back radiant and sub-back light all can be in sequential modulate intensity or intensity constant.
Described spatial light modulator adopts a two-dimensional array or is achieved by an one-dimensional array and the simulating two-dimensional array that the one-dimensional scanning machinery device being attached thereto forms.
Each pixel in described array is controlled by a light deflection device.
Described light deflection device is preferably provided with an intensity modulator, this intensity modulator is by the device of electric signal control light intensity, can adopt but be not limited to any devices that can realize automatically controlled light intensity such as common nematic LCD, blue phase liquid crystal display, digital micro-mirror.
Described light deflection device comprises: be parallel to the direction setting that light propagates upper and lower substrate, be positioned at upper substrate inner side the first electrode, be positioned at the second electrode of infrabasal plate inner side and be arranged at the blue phase liquid crystal layer between upper and lower substrate.
Described upper and lower substrate can adopt but be not limited to hyaline-quartz, silicon or polymkeric substance and make.
The first described electrode and the second electrode can adopt but be not limited to tin indium oxide (Indi μ m Tin Oxide, ITO) material, metal, conducting polymer or any conducting objects and make.
The shape of described electrode can adopt but be not limited to the serrate, polygon, circle etc. of single triangle, multiple triangle composition, and the thickness of electrode is 20 nanometers to 10 micron.
Described blue phase liquid crystal layer is made up of two blocks of blue phase liquid crystal materials and the sept being positioned in the middle of it, wherein: the thickness of blue phase liquid crystal material is 2 microns to 2 millimeters; Sept is spherical or column structure, is made up of resin, silicon or any material that can control thickness of liquid crystal.
Described blue phase liquid crystal material is preferably polymer stabilizing blue phase liquid crystal material.
Described light deflection device further preferably includes: for the polarization converter of automatically controlled polarization state 90 degree conversions.
Described light deflection device further preferably includes: be arranged at the third electrode of upper substrate inner side and be arranged at the 4th electrode of infrabasal plate inner side.
Described third electrode and the 4th electrode can adopt but be not limited to tin indium oxide material, metal, conducting polymer or any conducting objects and make.
The shape of described electrode can adopt but be not limited to the serrate, polygon, circle etc. of single triangle, multiple triangle composition, and the thickness of electrode is 20 nanometers to 10 micron.
The first described electrode and third electrode are all positioned at upper substrate inner side and not conducting mutually, the first electrode with on third electrode, be connected respectively different electric signal.
The second described electrode and the 4th electrode are all positioned at infrabasal plate inner side and not conducting mutually, and the second electrode is connected respectively different electric signal with on the 4th electrode.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
1) the present invention is by the index distribution in the shape control blue phase liquid crystal of the electrode on upper and lower base plate, form the structure of similar prism, the light that is parallel to orientation substrate propagation deflects, and can reach very large deflection angle, and therefore 3-D display of the present invention can reach with great visual angle.
2) voltage of the present invention can stepless control variations in refractive index, can stepless control light deflection angle, and deflection precision is very high, and therefore 3-D display of the present invention can reach the large reproduction degree of depth.
3) the present invention adopts the blue phase liquid crystal of quick response, therefore can be in the multiple angles of a two field picture time interscan, and therefore 3-D display of the present invention can reach high resolving power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is light field 3-D display principle schematic;
Fig. 2 is one-piece construction schematic diagram 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is one-piece construction schematic diagram 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is list dot structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device structural drawing 1 in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 6 be in the embodiment of the present invention 1 blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device deflection angle with electrode angle θ
pthe curve synoptic diagram changing;
Fig. 7 is the curve synoptic diagram that in the embodiment of the present invention 1, blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device deflection angle changes with electric birefringence rate;
Fig. 8 is blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device structural drawing 2 in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 9 is blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device structural representation Fig. 3 in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Figure 10 is blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device structural drawing 1 in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Figure 11 is blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device structural drawing 2 in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
In figure: 10 three-dimensional bodies, 11 spatial light modulators, 12 pixel cells, 13 mechanical scanners, 14 intensity modulators, 15 light deflection devices, 16 upper substrates, 17 infrabasal plates, 18 electrodes, 19 electrodes, 20 blue phase liquid crystals, 21 scattering view screens, 22 polarization converters, 23 electrodes, 24 electrodes.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is implemented under take technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the schematic diagram showing for the light field of the present embodiment; In the present embodiment: spatial light modulator 11 simulates by each pixel cell 12 light that three-dimensional body 10 sends, and reappears 3-dimensional image.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the two-dimensional array that spatial light modulator 11 is made up of pixel cell 12.Fig. 3 is the another kind of one-piece construction figure of spatial light modulator, wherein: the one-dimensional array that spatial light modulator 11 is made up of pixel cell 12, cooperative mechanical scanister 13 is extended to simulating two-dimensional array.
As shown in Figure 4, each pixel 12 of spatial light modulator is an intensity modulator 14 and a light deflection device 15.The light sending when light source 13 is after spatial light modulator, and its intensity and direction are respectively by 14 and 15 modulation.
As shown in Figure 5, blue phase liquid crystal 20 is clipped in upper substrate 16, between infrabasal plate 17.There is triangle the first electrode 18 in upper substrate 16 inner sides, have triangle the second electrode 19 in infrabasal plate 17 inner sides.Light is propagated along z direction, parallel with infrabasal plate 17 with upper substrate 16.The first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19 align, and the angle of their hypotenuse and light transmition direction is θ
p.In the time there is no electric potential difference between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19, do not have electric field to produce, therefore the blue phase liquid crystal 20 in this liquid crystal cell is isotropics, and the index ellipsoid in whole device is spherical, and the refractive index of all directions is uniformly distributed as n
iso.Therefore, when light is by this device, direction does not change.Apply voltage between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19 time, in the blue phase liquid crystal of electrode overlay area, because vertical electric field has produced electric birefringence rate, index ellipsoid is from the spherical ellipsoid that has become vertical direction elongation.For the light (non-ordinary light, e light) of y direction polarization, refractive index is increased to n
e(E),, for the light (ordinary light, o light) of x direction polarization, refractive index is reduced to n
o(E).And at the blue phase liquid crystal that there is no electrode overlay area, still keeping isotropy, refractive index is n
iso.Due to the shape of electrode, the grating that whole blue phase liquid crystal index distribution is equivalent to a prism or has very large phase place to change.In the time that light is incident on variations in refractive index interface, according to Si Nieer theorem n
1sin θ
1=n
2sin θ
2, light deflects, wherein: n
1and n
2the refractive index of incident medium and outgoing medium, θ
1and θ
2incident and the shooting angle at interface.Triangular-shaped electrodes angle θ
pless, or n
1and n
2difference larger, produce deflection angle large.Here concerning o light, n
1=n
o(E), concerning e light, n
1=n
e, and n (E)
2always equal n
iso.Electro-optical characteristic according to blue phase liquid crystal:
O light and e light deflect towards contrary both direction.Be added in voltage on the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19 larger, the electric birefringence rate Δ n (E) of generation is larger, and deflection angle is also larger.
Blue phase liquid crystal electric birefringence rate is followed expansion Kerr effect under low electric field:
wherein: Δ n
sbe the maximum electric birefringence rate that blue phase liquid crystal material can be realized, be called saturated electric birefringence rate, E
ssaturated electric field, 63% required electric field of the electric birefringence rate that determined to reach capacity.
With expanding Cole's model, this blue phase liquid crystal deflector is carried out to following emulation: first use finite element algorithm according to Poisson equation
Fig. 6 is the curve that the light deflection angle that calculates changes with electric birefringence rate, supposes the angle θ of triangular-shaped electrodes here
p10 degree, the blue phase liquid crystal refractive index n under isotropic state
isobe 1.53.The deflection angle of visible non-ordinary light (e light) is along with the increase of electric birefringence rate constantly increases.This has illustrated two problems: 1) for same material, the voltage applying between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19 is larger, and electric field is stronger, and electric birefringence rate is larger, and therefore deflection angle is larger; 2) for different materials, saturated birefraction Δ s
slarger, the maximum deflection angle that can reach is larger.But for ordinary light (o light), when electric birefringence rate increase to certain value after, because refractive index and incident angle have met total reflection condition, deflection angle no longer increases.
Fig. 7 is that the deflection angle of the non-ordinary light that calculates is with triangular-shaped electrodes angle θ
pthe curve changing.Here suppose n
iso=1.53 and Δ n
s=0.18.Visible θ
pless, deflection angle is larger, because the phase differential of equivalent prism is faster.
Fig. 8 is the blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device structural drawing 2 of embodiment 1.There is jagged the first electrode 18 in upper substrate 16 inner sides, have jagged the second electrode 19 in infrabasal plate 17 inner sides.In the time there is no electric potential difference between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19, the blue phase liquid crystal in whole liquid crystal cell is isotropy.When light passes through, do not deflect.In the time having electric potential difference between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19, because electric birefringence rate has produced index distribution, be equivalent to the stack of a lot of equivalent prisms.E light (light of y direction polarization) meeting is towards negative x direction deflection, and o light (light of x direction polarization) can be towards the deflection of positive x direction.Light is every through unirefringence rate abrupt interface, will produce light deflection one time.Repeatedly pass through each sawtooth electrode zone, the deflection angle of light will add up, and constantly increases.
As seen from Figure 6, non-ordinary light and ordinary light are towards two different direction deflections.In order to increase deflection angle, can make blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device further comprise quick automatically controlled polarization converter 22.
Fig. 9 is blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device structural representation Fig. 3 of embodiment 1.It comprises an automatically controlled polarization converter 22 and aforesaid blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device 15 (comprising structure 1 and structure 2).Polarization converter 22 can be by polarization direction 90-degree rotation in the time of opening: non-ordinary light can be converted into ordinary light, also ordinary light can be converted into non-ordinary light.Polarization converter 22 does not exert an influence to polarization state in off position.As shown in Figure 9, in the time that polarization converter 22 is closed, non-ordinary light remains non-ordinary light after 22, therefore by the 15 past negative x direction deflections of light beam later.In the time that polarization converter 22 is opened, non-ordinary light has changed into ordinary light through 22, therefore by the 15 past positive x direction deflections of light beam later.Otherwise ordinary light also can experience similar conversion.When polarization converter 22 can switch rapidly under electric signal control under opening and closing state, just can realize total maximum deflection angle is non-ordinary light and ordinary light maximum deflection angle sum.
Light is through intensity modulator, and light intensity is modulated.Light passes through deflector again, can control the deflection angle of deflector by voltage.The direction of light just can be controlled like this.Because the quick response of blue phase deflector, the present embodiment can be in sequential, the information of single pixel traversal all directions angle, and single pixel just can realize the modulation of while intensity and direction, need to not provide angle information to sacrifice spatial resolution.The array (spatial light modulator) being made up of these single pixels is because the demonstration deflection precision of the present embodiment is high, and the three-dimensional body in can more real simulating reality life can be watched people as seeing real-world object, watches for a long time feeling fatigue.
Embodiment 2
Figure 10 is the structural drawing 1 of blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device in the second example.Blue phase liquid crystal 20 is clipped in upper substrate 16, between infrabasal plate 17.There are triangle the first electrode 18 and triangle third electrode 23 in upper substrate 16 inner sides, have triangle the second electrode 19 and triangle the 4th electrode 24 in infrabasal plate 17 inner sides.The shape complementarity of triangle the first electrode 18 and triangle third electrode 23, but the distance of 10 microns to 5 millimeters separated.The shape complementarity of triangle the second electrode 19 and triangle the 4th electrode 24, but the distance of 10 microns to 5 millimeters separated.Light is propagated along z direction, parallel with infrabasal plate 17 with upper substrate 16.The first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19 align, and the angle of their hypotenuse and light transmition direction is θ
p1.Third electrode 23 and the 4th electrode 24 align, and the angle of their hypotenuse and light transmition direction is θ
p2.When the first electrode 18, the second electrode 19, while all thering is no electric potential difference between third electrode 23 and the 4th electrode 24, do not have electric field to produce, therefore the blue phase liquid crystal 20 in this liquid crystal cell is isotropic, and the index ellipsoid in whole device is spherical, and the refractive index of all directions is uniformly distributed as n
iso.Therefore, when light beam is by this device, direction does not change.
As shown in figure 10, apply voltage between third electrode 23 and the 4th electrode 24 time, and while thering is no electric potential difference between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19, in the blue phase liquid crystal of third electrode 23 and the 4th electrode 24 overlay areas, because vertical electric field has produced electric birefringence rate, index ellipsoid is from the spherical ellipsoid that has become vertical direction elongation.For the light (non-ordinary light, e light) of y direction polarization, refractive index is increased to n
ee, for the light (ordinary light, o light) of x direction polarization, refractive index is reduced to n
o(E).And at the blue phase liquid crystal of electrode 18,19 overlay areas, still keeping isotropy, refractive index is n
iso.Due to the shape of electrode, the grating that whole blue phase liquid crystal index distribution is equivalent to a prism or has very large phase place to change.In the time that light is incident on variations in refractive index interface, according to Si Nieer theorem n
1sin θ
1=n
2sin θ
2, light deflects, wherein: n
1and n
2the refractive index of incident medium and outgoing medium, θ
1and θ
2incident and the shooting angle at interface.The angle θ of two electrodes of triangle 23,24
p2less, or n
1and n
2difference larger, produce deflection angle large.Here concerning o light and e light, n
1=n
iso; Concerning e light, n
2=n
e(E), for o light, n
2=n
o(E).Electro-optical characteristic according to blue phase liquid crystal:
E light is towards the deflection of positive x direction, and o light is towards negative x direction deflection.
Between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19, there is electric potential difference, and while thering is no electric potential difference between two electrodes 23,24, blue phase liquid crystal index ellipsoid in electrode 18,19 overlay areas becomes from spherical the ellipsoid shape that vertical direction elongates, and still keeps isotropy (being similar to Fig. 5) in the blue phase liquid crystal of two electrode 23,24 overlay areas.Non-ordinary light (e light) is towards negative x direction deflection, and ordinary light (o light) is towards the deflection of positive x direction.Like this, by control electrode 18,19 or electrode 23,24, can control light toward two different directions deflections, the twice that total maximum deflection angle is monolateral deflection angle.
Figure 11 is the structural drawing 2 of blue phase liquid crystal light deflection device in the second example.There are jagged the first electrode 18 and jagged third electrode 23 in upper substrate 16 inner sides, have jagged the second electrode 19 and jagged the 4th electrode 24 in infrabasal plate 17 inner sides.The shape complementarity of the first electrode 18 and third electrode 23, but the distance of 10 microns to 5 millimeters separated.The shape complementarity of the second electrode 19 and the 4th electrode 24, but the distance of 10 microns to 5 millimeters separated.In the time all there is no electric potential difference between the first electrode 18, the second electrode 19, third electrode 23 and the 4th electrode 24, the blue phase liquid crystal in whole liquid crystal cell is isotropy.When light passes through, do not deflect.
In the time having electric potential difference between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19, and while thering is no electric potential difference between third electrode 23 and the 4th electrode 24, because electric birefringence rate has produced index distribution.E light (light of y direction polarization) meeting is towards negative x direction deflection, and o light (light of x direction polarization) can be towards the deflection of positive x direction.Light is every through unirefringence rate abrupt interface, will produce light deflection one time.Repeatedly pass through each sawtooth electrode, the deflection angle of light will add up, and constantly increases.
In the time having electric potential difference between third electrode 23 and the 4th electrode 24, and while thering is no electric potential difference between the first electrode 18 and the second electrode 19, because electric birefringence rate has produced index distribution.E light (light of y direction polarization) meeting is towards the deflection of positive x direction, and o light (light of x direction polarization) can be towards negative x direction deflection.Light is every through unirefringence rate abrupt interface, will produce light deflection one time.Repeatedly pass through each sawtooth electrode zone, the deflection angle of light will add up, and constantly increases.
By controlling the first electrode 18, the second electrode 19 or third electrode 23, the 4th electrode 24, just can make light deflection direction reach the twice of monolateral deflection.By increasing the sawtooth number of four electrodes 18,19,23,24, can further increase deflection angle.
Claims (10)
1. a spatial light modulator, is characterized in that, adopts a two-dimensional array or is achieved by an one-dimensional array and the simulating two-dimensional array that the one-dimensional scanning machinery device being attached thereto forms;
Each pixel in described array is controlled by a light deflection device.
2. spatial light modulator according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with an intensity modulator in described light deflection device, and this intensity modulator is by the device of electric signal control light intensity.
3. spatial light modulator according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described light deflection device comprises: be parallel to the direction setting that light propagates upper and lower substrate, be positioned at upper substrate inner side the first electrode, be positioned at the second electrode of infrabasal plate inner side and be arranged at the blue phase liquid crystal layer between upper and lower substrate.
4. spatial light modulator according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described blue phase liquid crystal layer is made up of two blocks of blue phase liquid crystal materials and the sept being positioned in the middle of it, wherein: the thickness of blue phase liquid crystal material is 2 microns to 2 millimeters; Sept is spherical or column structure.
5. spatial light modulator according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in described light deflection device, is provided with: for the polarization converter of automatically controlled polarization state 90 degree conversions.
6. spatial light modulator according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described blue phase liquid crystal material is adopted as polymer stabilizing blue phase liquid crystal material.
7. spatial light modulator according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, in described light deflection device, is provided with: be arranged at the third electrode of upper substrate inner side and be arranged at the 4th electrode of infrabasal plate inner side;
The first described electrode and third electrode are all positioned at upper substrate inner side and not conducting mutually, the first electrode with on third electrode, be connected respectively different electric signal;
The second described electrode and the 4th electrode are all positioned at infrabasal plate inner side and not conducting mutually, and the second electrode is connected respectively different electric signal with on the 4th electrode.
8. according to the spatial light modulator described in above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described electrode is 20 nanometers to 10 micron.
9. a light field three-dimensional display system, it is characterized in that, comprise: light source module and be attached thereto according to the spatial light modulator described in above-mentioned arbitrary claim, wherein: spatial light modulator passes through timing method, take pixel as unit, the light in light source module all directions is carried out to intensity modulated, make light source module reappear the light field of three-dimensional body, thereby realize 3-D display.
10. light field three-dimensional display system according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described light source is single Integral back radiant or is made up of multiple sub-back lights, wherein: each sub-backlight provides backlight to one of spatial light modulator or one group of pixel.
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| CN104076518A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-10-01 | 上海交通大学 | Novel pixel structure for three-dimensional light field dynamic displaying |
| WO2016141851A1 (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-15 | Beijing Zhigu Rui Tuo Tech Co., Ltd. | Display control methods and apparatuses |
| CN107479207A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-12-15 | 浙江大学 | The light field helmet mounted display device and space three-dimensional object light field method for reconstructing of light source scanning |
| CN108474974A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2018-08-31 | 焦点技术有限公司 | By optical isotropy liquid formed can automatically controlled optical element, especially lens, and the method for manufacturing the element based on liquid compound |
| JP2018163214A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-10-18 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Optical scanner |
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| WO2021078243A1 (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-04-29 | 南方科技大学 | Laser scanning electrode device and setting method, and laser scanning apparatus and manufacturing method |
| CN110780472A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-11 | 南方科技大学 | Laser scanning electrode structure and laser scanning control system |
| CN111290181B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2022-08-19 | 南方科技大学 | Automatic addressing laser scanning electrode structure, control method and manufacturing method |
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