CN103773906A - Integrated waterproof leather preparation method - Google Patents
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- CN103773906A CN103773906A CN201410028152.2A CN201410028152A CN103773906A CN 103773906 A CN103773906 A CN 103773906A CN 201410028152 A CN201410028152 A CN 201410028152A CN 103773906 A CN103773906 A CN 103773906A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated waterproof leather preparation method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) rapid bovine hide washing; placing a wet-salted bovine hide in a bath lotion in an overload drum, and discontinuously operating; (2) merging three processes, i.e., main immersion, hair removal and liming in one bath; (3) splitting a limed hide, and then, washing, wherein covered washing is adopted in the washing process; (4) merging two processes, i.e., deliming and softening in one bath; (5) merging two processes, i.e., pickling and tanning in one bath; (6) merging two processes, i.e., retanning and neutralizing in one bath; (7) merging three processes, i.e., filling, dyeing and stuffing in one bath; and (8) washing, wherein covered washing is adopted. After the integrated waterproof leather preparation method is carried out, the total water saving and emission reduction effects are as follows: the water consumption for production is reduced by 40-50%, the emission reduction of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is 30%, the emission reduction of chromium is 90%, and the emission reduction of alkalinity is 60%. The clean characteristic and environment friendliness of the method are further improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of integrated water saving method for leather-making, belong to and clean leather manufacture technical field, is the utilisation technology in leather process for processing.
Background technology
Curriery is the industry of carrying out deep processing as basic material take the by product of livestock industry, that various animal hides is through physics, chemical process processings such as depilation, tannings, through process for processing operations such as covering with paint, arrangements, produce the process of manufacture of the various leather products of performances such as thering is softness, plentiful, ventilative again.
The processing of the operations such as preparation, tanning and the rear wet ornamenting of process hides is the production process take water as medium, and by physics, chemistry and mechanical workout effect, final production goes out the finished product leather of various different-styles and quality product requirement.1 ton of wet salted hide of the every processing of traditional tanning production need to consume fresh water amount and be about 50～60 tons (existing tanning production technique is shown in Fig. 1), consume various chemical and be about 450～550 kilograms, discharge simultaneously about 45～55 tons contain various pollutents (wherein: COD180～220kg ±, SS125kg ± etc.) waste water, and containing chromium, not containing the solid waste of chromium.Traditional tanning production has not only been wasted a large amount of water resourcess and various chemical materials, also environment protection is brought to serious potential harm simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is needs to consume a large amount of fresh waters deficiency of (comprise process water and wash skin water) in process of production for existing tanning technology, a kind of that clean, integrated process hides water-saving technology method is provided, by the integrated water-saving technology application of tanning production whole process, and correspondingly Technology adjustment and balance, realize the integrated water-saving technology method of tanning production whole process, effectively reduce the consumption of water and the quantity discharged of waste water of tanning production, reduce the discharge of various pollutents in waste water simultaneously, improve the quality product of finished product leather.
In order to reach the object of the integrated water saving of leather-making technology and pollution reduction, technical scheme of the present invention is:
1, the preparation of tanning production and tanning operation are all carried out in overloading drum, and the rear wet ornamenting operations such as retanning, dyeing, stuffing are all carried out in Y type rotary drum, to realize integrated water saving and the reduction of discharging of process hides process.
2, Shen skin operation adopts the mode that is aided with chemical and auxiliary enzymes preparation to improve the backwater effect of rawhide, substitutes pre-soaking process operation.
3, existing main immersion, depilation, liming operation adopt with bathing to be carried out, and immersion adopts defatting enzyme; Depilation, liming adopt the depilation of guarantor's hair to substitute the cant method of ruining.
4, retain the existing washing step cuing open after graywall, and change twice of vexed washing.
5, merge deliming, softening process, deliming adopts without ammonium salt deliming technology, the softening enzyme bating technology that adopts.
6, cancel existing washing, change and bathe rear directly pickling, tanning and adopt little liquor ratio, high-absorption chrome tanning technique, the tanning later stage adds acrylic acid or the like linking agent to improve chrome uptake.
7, retanning employing, without chromium retanning agent, neutralization employing weak base agent and the alternative ammonium salt of dispersion agent, is dyed and stuffing effect on dyeing, stuffing employing high absorption staining agent and fatting agent raising dyestuff, after dyeing, stuffing, adopts twice vexed water washing.
Adopt after such scheme, the present invention compared with prior art, the technical superiority having:
One, all adopt overloading drum and Y type rotary drum to implement tanning production, Automation of Manufacturing Process degree obviously improves, and water consumption control and various chemical add more accurate.
Two, the merging of part producing operation, and in production process, only retain the washing after deliming, softening front washing and dyeing, stuffing, realizing the integrated water saving of technological process, water-saving result reaches 40～50%.
Three, low-sulfur Fa Baomao depilation liming, uses part Sodium sulfhydrate and depilation zymin to substitute the use of sodium sulphite, and the discharge of hair removal wastewater medium sulphide content reduces 70%, COD discharge and reduces 50%.
Four, use deliming without ammonium agent to carry out deliming, softening, in deliming, softening waste water, the discharge of inorganic ammonia nitrogen reduces more than 90%.
Five, little liquor ratio pickling, tanning, adopt the tanning later stage to add chromium cross linker to improve chrome uptake rate, and the automatic heating that the tanning later stage realizes in tanning later stage rotary drum by suitable raising rotary drum rotating speed completes tanning operation, the discharge of chromium minimizing 90%, COD discharge minimizing 30% in waste water after tanning.
After the technology of the present invention is implemented, overall water saving, emission reduction effect are: water of productive use amount reduction 40～50%, COD CER is 30%, chromium CER 90%, basicity CER 60%.Of the present inventionly clean characteristic and environmental protection characteristic is further enhanced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of prior art;
Fig. 2 is process flow sheet of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention has disclosed a kind of integrated water saving method for leather-making, is the improvement to existing production method, and concrete technology flow process is shown in Fig. 2.
Main processes of the present invention is described as follows (in Fig. 2, some conventional operation repeats no more):
1) wash fast skin:
In overloading drum, carry out rotary drum rotating speed: 2～4rpm.
Get 100 parts of wet-salted bovine hides, add 200 parts of fresh waters, 0.05～0.2 part of Soaking A (Lang Sheng LANXESS company, name of product: CISMOLLAN SA-C, for non-ionic polymers or nonionogenic tenside), 0.02～0.2 part of soaking enzyme (De Rui TFL company, name of product: PELLVIT C, formed by hydrolysising protease and activator), 0.05～0.2 part of sterilant (Shanghai Jia Yi company, name of product: 1140, be organic sulfide).20～25 ℃ of temperature.Rotate 30 minutes, stop 30 minutes, adopt soda to regulate body lotion final pH value in 10 left and right, 4～6 hours total times.
2) main immersion, depilation, liming:
In overloading drum, carry out rotary drum rotating speed: 2～4rpm.
Get and wash fast after skin and 100 parts of fleshing furs, add 150～200 parts of water, 20～25 ℃ of temperature, add 0～0.2 part of Soaking A, 0～0.3 part of soaking enzyme, 0.05～0.3 part of sterilant, 0～0.3 part of grease-removing agent C (Lang Sheng LANXESS company, name of product: BAYMOL ADN-C, for multiple nonionogenic tenside and anion surfactant are composited), rotate 30～60 minutes, rotation per hour 20～40 minutes totally 2～3 times again, rotation per hour 10 minutes, main immersion 10～16 hours altogether.Check the state of Baume, temperature, PH and fur.
The sterilant content having increased in main soaking process, avoids occurring rotten pore phenomenon after depilation.
With bathing depilation, liming: add again 0.6～1.2 part of auxiliary liming agent D (You Ni Chemical Engineering Technology company limited, name of product: KSU are the mixture of Ammonia condensing agent and natural reduzate), rotate 30 minutes; Add again 0.8～1.2 part of lime, rotate 20～40 minutes, stop 40～20 minutes; Add again 0.6～1.2 part of Sodium sulfhydrate to rotate 20～60 minutes, lose hair or feathers; Add again 0.2～0.5 part of auxiliary liming agent E (Lang Sheng LANXESS company, name of product: CISMOLLAN4008-C, containing the non-organic amine environment-friendly type of enzyme auxiliary liming agent), 0.2～0.5 part of sodium sulphite, 0.3～0.8 part of lime, rotate 10～30 minutes, stop repeating altogether twice for 20～40 minutes; 0.2～0.5 part of sodium sulphite, 0.3～0.8 part of lime again, rotates 10～30 minutes, stops repeating altogether twice for 20～40 minutes; Add again 0.8～1.5 part of lime to turn 15 minutes, then often turn 5 minutes and stop 55 minutes, 20～24 hours liming total times.Finally go out drum, fleshing, split, weighs, and prepares to carry out deashing and softening operation.
3) retain the washing step cuing open after graywall, change twice of vexed washing into.
4) deliming, softening:
In tanning drum, carry out rotary drum rotating speed: 6～8rpm.
Get the head layer graywall after 100 parts of splits, washing temperature adjustment, 150～200 parts of water, 30～33 ℃ of interior temperature, turn 10 minutes discharge section water, stay 60～100 parts, water add again 0.8～1.2 part of deliming auxiliary agent F (Sheng Hui company, name of product: Sheng Li can JNU, the mixture of unazotized organic acid and salt), rotate 30～50 minutes; Add again 0.3 part of macerating enzyme G (De Rui TFL company, name of product: OROPONOR, is made up of pancreatin) with bath, rotate draining 30～60 minutes.
5) pickling, tanning:
In tanning drum, carry out rotary drum rotating speed: 6～8rpm.
100 parts, ox-hide after softening above getting, adds 30 parts of normal-temperature water, 5 portions of salt, rotates and within 15 minutes, surveys Baume 5～5.5; Add again 1.0 parts of auxiliary pickling agent A (De Rui TFL company, name of product: SELLATANPA are made up of the poly-sulfonic acid of modification), rotate 30～60 minutes; Add again 0.3～0.6 part of sulfuric acid, rotate 30～60 minutes; Add again 0.5～1.0 part of sodium formiate, rotate 10 minutes; Add again 5 parts of chromium powders, rotate 120 minutes; Add again chromium cross linker B (that chemical company of DESAY, name of product: DESOTAN AR, contains methacrylic acid salt material.), rotate 60 minutes; Add again 0.2-0.4 part to carry alkaline agent (Tang Pule company, name of product: TRUPOTAN MON, is made up of magnesium oxide), rotate 6～8 hours.38～42 ℃ of end temps.
6) retanning, neutralization:
In retanning Y type rotary drum, carry out, rotary drum rotates: 6～8rpm.
Get 100 parts of blue skins after shaving, add the water of 200 parts, 40～45 ℃ of temperature, add 0.1～0.3 part of grease-removing agent (Lang Sheng LANXESS company, name of product: BAYMOL ADN-C, for multiple nonionogenic tenside and anion surfactant are composited), 0.2～0.5 formic acid, rotate draining 30～60 minutes; Add again the water of 35 ℃ of 100 parts of temperature, 1～4 part of synthetic aluminium tannin tanning agent (BASF AG, name of product: Basyntan AS, for sulfone aluminum tanning agent), 0.5～2.0 part of alkanoic, 0.5～1.0 part of acidproof oil (Tang Pule company, name of product: Trupon PEM, for synthetic phosphoric acid ester), rotate 30～60 minutes; Add again 1.0～2.0 parts of sodium formiates, rotate after 60～90 minutes, then add in 1.0～2.0 parts and tannin (Lang Sheng LANXESS company, name of product: TANIGAN PAK-S, containing the displacement tannin of phenolic), 1.0～2.0 parts of sodium formiates, rotate draining 40～60 minutes.
7) filling, dyeing, stuffing:
In retanning Y type rotary drum, carry out, rotary drum rotates: 6～8rpm.
Add 80 parts of fresh waters, 30 ℃ of temperature, add 4～6 parts of acrylate resin tanning agents, rotate 30 minutes; Add again 1～3 part of auxiliary syntan (both sexes tannin and the name of product of aromatic sulphonic acid: JHL, by the mixture of aromatic sulphonate condenses, amino-complex and additive for Sheng Hui company, name of product: JAN) to rotate 20 minutes; Add again 2～4 parts of aminoresin, 2～4 parts of vegetable tanning agent (Atlantic Ocean, Wenzhou companies, name of product: quebracho extract ATO, Mimosa tannin extract), 2～4 parts of dicyandiamide resins, 2～4 parts of melamine resins, 2～4 parts of dyestuffs, turn 60～120 minutes; Add again 2～4 parts of electrolyte-resistant synthetic oils (Tang Pule company, name of product: Trupon OSL, sulphiting/phosphoric acid salt triglyceride oil; Name of product: Trupon DB, sulfation/phosphoric acid salt Witepsol W-S 55), 2～4 parts of lanolin, 2～4 parts become neat's foot oils, rotate 60～90 minutes; Add again 1～3 part of formic acid, rotate continuously 10～20 minutes, go out drum, enter finishing process.
8) retain washing step, twice of vexed washing.
The material umber relating in the present invention is weight fraction.
Significantly reduce water consumption by this technology, water-saving result is obvious.Adopt through preferred chemical materials and adjusting process technology, the blue cortex amount of producing is protected, very little with the normal blue skin difference of producing in our factory.Retanning dyeing and fat-liquoring, with bathing, is selected tanning agent and the fatting agent of some electrolyte-resistants, guarantees to absorb completely, and the scytoblastema consolidation produced like this, plentiful, flexible, can reach the requirement of upper leather completely.And significantly save process hides water, meet the modern times to clean Technology requirement.
Object of the present invention realizes integrated water saving and pollution reduction by following technology point:
The technique effect of important procedure of the present invention is described as follows:
1, the backwater of strengthening raw hide and time fresh effect:
In the quick Shen skin of raw hide and main immersion process, use continuously Soaking, soaking enzyme and sterilant, ensure the abundant backwater of rawhide and return fresh.Soaking can effectively dissolve the dirt on raw hide surface and have the effect of good emulsifying grease, therefore can accelerate immersion; Soaking enzyme can make pelt surface more clean, and fine, soft fur, hair root are more easily removed; Sterilant can suppress microorganism growth strongly, effectively, kill bacteria, and protection raw hide escapes injury in the time washing skin and main immersion.
2, strengthen the solvability of depilation, limiting material:
Depilation, the auxiliary liming agent D using in liming process and auxiliary liming agent E have promote depilation, liming liquid in the dissolving function of sulphur compound and lime, make depilation, the liming mixed solution suspension state in mixing completely all the time, avoid the equilibrium problem because cannot keep system chemical material in depilation, liming process because of the consumption of mixed solution local material.
3, little liquor ratio pickling, tanning:
After tanning, final liquor ratio reduces by 1/2 left and right with respect to prior art, discharge discharge reduction 1/2 left and right, former because add many other materials in pickling, tannery, most of needs of these materials adds after dissolving or dilution, therefore the more conventional minimizing of liquor ratio in the time that pickling, tanning system finish.The tanning later stage is realized the intensification in tanning later stage by the mechanical effect of rotary drum and wet blue; The use of Acrylates material has improved the combination of chromium at collagen carboxyl greatly, carries simultaneously and makes each fixing more firm on collagen carboxyl adding of alkaline agent.4, strengthening degreasing effect:
During main immersion and retanning, carry out the fat abstraction of rawhide and wet blue, make finished product leather more soft on the one hand; Making on the other hand finished product remove from office can be because of the clean taste with rawhide of degreasing.
5, retanning fully and filling effect
Use multiple retanning agent (retanning procedures), weighting agent to carry out sufficient retanning and filling, make finished product leather more plentiful.
Claims (8)
1. an integrated water saving method for leather-making, is characterized in that, this inventive method comprises the following steps:
(1) wash fast skin: wet-salted bovine hide is inserted in the body lotion in overloading drum and carried out, be interrupted running;
(2) main immersion, depilation, liming three operations merge, and carry out with bathing;
(3) carry out washing step after cuing open graywall operation, washing step adopts vexed washing;
(4) deliming, softening two operations merge, and carry out with bathing;
(5) pickling, tanning operation merge, and carry out with bathing;
(6) retanning, neutralization two operations merge, and carry out with bathing;
(7) filling, dyeing, stuffing three operations merge, and carry out with bathing;
(8) washing, adopts vexed washing.
2. integrated water saving method for leather-making according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the rotating speed 2～4rpm of described step (1) overloading drum; Described body lotion is: get 100 parts of wet-salted bovine hides, add 200 parts of fresh waters, 0.05～0.2 part of Soaking A, 0.02～0.2 part of soaking enzyme, 0.05～0.2 part of sterilant; 20～25 ℃ of bath temperature; Turn and stop combination, adopt soda to regulate body lotion final pH value in 10 left and right, total duration 4～6 hours.
3. integrated water saving method for leather-making according to claim 1, is characterized in that, three operations of main immersion, depilation, liming in described step (2) are carried out in overloading drum, rotary drum rotating speed: 2～4rpm; This main soaking process process is: get after pre-immersion fleshing 100 parts of furs, add the water of 20～25 ℃ of 150～200 parts of temperature, 0～0.2 part of Soaking A, 0～0.3 part of soaking enzyme, 0.05～0.3 part of sterilant, 0～0.3 part of grease-removing agent C, turn and stop combination, and main immersion duration is 10～16 hours; Depilation operation is followed successively by that immunity protects that hair, hair root are loosening, depilation, solid-liquid separation and depilatory solution circulation; Liming realizes by mending ash in bath; The pH value of final body lotion is 11.0～11.5.
4. integrated water saving method for leather-making according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the depilation in described step (2) and the technological process of liming are: after main soaking process, then add 0.6～1.2 part of auxiliary liming agent D, rotate 30 minutes; Add again 0.8～1.2 part of lime, turn, stop tens of minutes; Add again 0.6～1.2 part of Sodium sulfhydrate to rotate tens of minutes, lose hair or feathers; Add again 0.2～0.5 part of auxiliary liming agent E, 0.2～0.5 part of sodium sulphite, 0.3～0.8 part of lime, rotate 10～30 minutes, stop repeating altogether twice for 20～40 minutes; 0.2～0.5 part of sodium sulphite, 0.3～0.8 part of lime, rotate some minutes again, stops repeating altogether twice for tens of minutes; Add 0.8～1.5 part of lime to turn 15 minutes, then every revolutions per minute stops tens of minutes again, 20～24 hours liming total times.
5. integrated water saving method for leather-making according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (4) deliming and softening process carry out in tanning drum, rotary drum rotating speed: 6～8rpm, get the head layer graywall after 100 parts of splits, washing temperature adjustment, 150～200 parts of water, 30～33 ℃ of interior temperature, revolutions per minute discharge section water, stay 60～100 parts, water, then add 0.8～1.2 part of deliming auxiliary agent F, rotate tens of minutes; Add again 0.3 part of macerating enzyme G, rotate draining after tens of minutes.
6. integrated water saving method for leather-making according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (5) pickling and tanning operation are carried out in tanning drum, rotary drum rotating speed: 6～8rpm; Get 100 parts, ox-hide after softening, add 30 parts of normal-temperature water, 5 portions of salt, rotate and within some minutes, survey Baume 5～5.5; Add again 1.0 parts of auxiliary pickling agent A, rotate tens of minutes; Add again 0.3～0.6 part of sulfuric acid, rotate tens of minutes; Add again 0.5～1.0 part of sodium formiate, rotate several minutes; Add again 5 parts of chromium powders, rotate approximately 2 hours; Add again chromium cross linker B, rotate approximately 1 hour; Add again 0.2-0.4 part to carry alkaline agent, rotate a few hours, 38～42 ℃ of end temps.
7. integrated water saving method for leather-making according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (6) retanning, neutralization two operations are carried out in retanning Y type rotary drum, rotary drum rotating speed: 6～8rpm; Get 100 parts of blue skins after shaving, add the water of 40～45 ℃ of 200 parts of temperature,, add 0.1～0.3 part of grease-removing agent, 0.2～0.5 formic acid, rotate draining after tens of minutes; Add the water of 35 ℃ of 100 parts of temperature, 1～4 part of synthetic aluminium tannin tanning agent, 0.5～2.0 part of alkanoic, 0.5～1.0 part of acidproof oil, rotate tens of minutes again; Add again 1.0～2.0 parts of sodium formiates, rotate after tens of minutes, then add in 1.0～2.0 parts and tannin, 1.0～2.0 parts of sodium formiates, rotate draining after tens of minutes.
8. integrated water saving method for leather-making according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described step (7) filling, dyeing, three operations of stuffing are carried out in retanning Y type rotary drum, rotary drum rotating speed 6～8rpm; Add the water of 30 ℃ of 80 parts of temperature, add 4～6 parts of acrylate resin tanning agents, rotate tens of minutes; Add again 1～3 part of auxiliary syntan to rotate tens of minutes; Add again 2～4 parts of aminoresin, 2～4 parts of vegetable tanning agents, 2～4 parts of dicyandiamide resins, 2～4 parts of melamine resins, 2～4 parts of dyestuffs, rotate 1-2 hour; Add again 2～4 parts of electrolyte-resistant synthetic oils, 2～4 parts of lanolin, 2～4 parts of one-tenth neat's foot oils, rotate tens of minutes; Add again 1～3 part of formic acid.
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| CN106755625A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 张壮斗 | The technology of skin is done using waste liquid |
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| CN113122662A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-16 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Integrated unhairing method without liquid change for compound enzyme preparation |
| CN113278744A (en) * | 2021-06-05 | 2021-08-20 | 百草边大生物科技(青岛)有限公司 | Preparation method of cow leather containing bioactive components |
| CN113528717A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-22 | 台山市广一皮业有限公司 | Pickling and tanning integrated process for leather production and processing |
| CN114277202A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-04-05 | 宁夏西部皮草有限公司 | Production and processing technology of high-density shorn sheepskin |
| CN114921596A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-19 | 河南中牛实业有限公司 | Production method of environment-friendly Italian style cowhide sofa leather |
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| CN106755625A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 张壮斗 | The technology of skin is done using waste liquid |
| CN106834556A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-13 | 兴业皮革科技股份有限公司 | A kind of same bath process of hygrometric state dyeing and finishing towards cattle hide upper leather |
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| CN113278744A (en) * | 2021-06-05 | 2021-08-20 | 百草边大生物科技(青岛)有限公司 | Preparation method of cow leather containing bioactive components |
| CN113278744B (en) * | 2021-06-05 | 2022-04-01 | 百草边大生物科技(青岛)有限公司 | Preparation method of cow leather containing bioactive components |
| CN113528717A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-22 | 台山市广一皮业有限公司 | Pickling and tanning integrated process for leather production and processing |
| CN114277202A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-04-05 | 宁夏西部皮草有限公司 | Production and processing technology of high-density shorn sheepskin |
| CN114921596A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-19 | 河南中牛实业有限公司 | Production method of environment-friendly Italian style cowhide sofa leather |
| CN114921596B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2023-12-22 | 河南中牛实业有限公司 | Production method of environment-friendly Italian style cowhide sofa leather |
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