CN103772510B - A kind of extracting method of taro starch - Google Patents
A kind of extracting method of taro starch Download PDFInfo
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- CN103772510B CN103772510B CN201410032659.5A CN201410032659A CN103772510B CN 103772510 B CN103772510 B CN 103772510B CN 201410032659 A CN201410032659 A CN 201410032659A CN 103772510 B CN103772510 B CN 103772510B
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- taro
- starch
- enzymolysis
- zytase
- extracting method
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extracting method of taro starch, comprise ultrasonic pretreatment, prozyme stepwise discretization process.Taro thin slice after clean decortication and phosphate buffered saline buffer are placed in the homogenate of plant tissue stamp mill, first adopt ultrasonication; After adding zytase again, add neutral protease enzymolysis, zytase can destroy the cell walls of taro tissue by degradation of xylan, and reduces the viscosity of reaction system, and proteolytic enzyme then makes starch granules and protein separation come.The purity of taro starch of the present invention can reach more than 80%, starch extraction rate is more than 75%, purity and the extraction yield that effectively can improve the appearance of traditional taro starch working system are to a certain extent lower, and the problems such as inferior quality, for the further application of taro starch provides possibility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to food processing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of extracting method of taro starch.
Background technology
The annual production of whole world taro is about 5.3 × 10
6~ 5.8 × 10
6t, the wide and Relatively centralized of domestic taro planting area, for taro deep processing provides guarantee, market outlook are comparatively wide.Taro starch content is up to 69.6% ~ 73.7%, and quality is thin, and excellent property, purposes is wide, has great Development volue.
Taro starch particle is tiny, is wrapped in protein reticulated structure and mucopolysaccharide, causes extraction starch granules, have impact on the research of its performance applications.Ordinary method-water settling process, ammoniacal liquor settling process and NaOH settling process, not only the settling time is long, easily causes starch product quality, and extraction yield is not high yet.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of extracting method of taro starch, object be effectively improve purity that traditional taro starch working system occurs to a certain extent and extraction yield lower, the problems such as inferior quality, for the further application of taro starch provides possibility.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
An extracting method for taro starch, taro is cleaned decortication, thinly slices, and mixed with phosphate buffered saline buffer by taro thin slice, homogenate obtains taro slurries; First carry out pre-treatment, then add zytase enzymolysis, after add neutral protease and carry out enzymolysis and extraction taro starch, go out enzyme, centrifugal, abandons supernatant liquor, dry.
Further improvement to technique scheme: the mass volume ratio w/v of described taro thin slice and phosphate buffered saline buffer is: taro: phosphate buffered saline buffer=1:0.5-2.0.
Further improvement to technique scheme: described pre-treatment is ultrasonication, treatment condition are 10-20min under 300-500W.
Further improvement to technique scheme: the compound of described taro slurries enzymolysis zytase used and neutral protease adds the 0.75%-2% that total mass is taro quality, described zytase and the mass ratio of neutral protease are: 0.5-1:0.5-1.5.
Further improvement to technique scheme: first adopt zytase enzymolysis 1.0-3.0h in described enzymolysis process, temperature maintains 40-60 DEG C, pH value is 4.5-6.5; After add neutral protease enzymolysis 1.0-3.0h, temperature maintains 40-60 DEG C, pH value is 6.5-7.5; PH value is adjusted to 8.0, and go out enzyme.
Further improvement to technique scheme: the optimum combination of described xylanase treatment is enzyme processing time 2h, enzyme concentration 750ug
-1, temperature 50 C, pH value 5.0.
Further improvement to technique scheme: the best of breed of described neutral protein ferment treatment is enzyme addition 500ug
-1, ferment treatment temperature 50 C, enzyme processing time 3h, ferment treatment pH value 7.0.
To technique scheme further improve in: the temperature of described drying is 40-45 DEG C, time of drying is 24h.
Further improvement to technique scheme: the purity of taro starch can reach more than 80%, starch extraction rate more than 75%.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and technique effect are: the present invention, relative to traditional extraction method, adopts enzymolysis process to extract taro starch, has mild condition, security advantages of higher, and can improve the quality of starch product by shortening the settling time.
The substep of enzyme adds enzyme is reacted under respective optimum condition, is conducive to enzyme and plays maximum effect; Zytase add the cell walls that can be destroyed taro tissue by degradation of xylan, and the degraded of xylan molecule, reduce the viscosity of reaction system, improve the extraction effect of starch; Proteolytic enzyme then makes starch granules and protein separation come further, accelerates the release of starch.As can be seen here, use zytase, proteolytic enzyme act on taro starch, are conducive to the extraction of starch.
The present invention contributes to the exploitation deepening taro starch.The purity of taro starch of the present invention can reach more than 80%, and starch extraction rate is more than 75%.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described in detail.
The present invention can select for the zytase and neutral protease extracting taro starch the commercially available prod that on market, company produces.Such as: zytase and neutral protease optional purchased from Weifang KDN Biotechnology Co., Ltd..
Embodiment 1
Single enzyme is tested---and zytase enzymolysis taro extracts starch, and zytase addition is 15g.
Get the taro thin slice 1kg after cleaning decortication, in phosphate buffered saline buffer 500mL(the present invention taro thin slice and phosphate buffered saline buffer mass volume ratio w/v in the unit of w be g, the unit of corresponding volume v is mL), be placed in the homogenate of plant tissue stamp mill, after adopting ultrasonication (400W, 20min); Add zytase enzymolysis; Temperature maintains 50 DEG C; PH value is 5.0; Enzymolysis time 5h; Go out enzyme, and the centrifugal 20min of 3000r/min carries out separation and purification, abandoning supernatant, dry in baking oven.
After measured, starch extraction rate is 72%, and purity is 75%.The cell walls adding degradation of xylan destruction taro tissue of zytase, is conducive to the stripping of starch.But now, some starch granules still with protein bound, hinder the extraction of taro starch.
Embodiment 2
Single enzyme is tested---and neutral protease enzymolysis taro extracts starch, and neutral protease addition is 15g.
Get the taro thin slice 1kg after cleaning decortication, phosphate buffered saline buffer 500mL, is placed in the homogenate of plant tissue stamp mill, after adopting ultrasonication (400W, 20min); Add neutral protease enzymolysis; Temperature maintains 50 DEG C; PH value is 7.0; Enzymolysis time 5h; Go out enzyme, and the centrifugal 20min of 3000r/min carries out separation and purification, abandoning supernatant, dry in baking oven.
After measured, starch extraction rate is 73%, and purity is 75%.Add neutral protease separately, cell wall structure is not destroyed, and arranges structure closely and hinders the crosslinked protein of protease hydrolyzed and starch, hinder the extraction of taro starch.
Therefore, the present invention considers that employing two kinds of enzyme method of double crossing enzymolysis taros extract starch.
Embodiment 3
Combine experiment---synchronously add zytase, neutral protease enzymolysis taro extracts starch, zytase addition is 12g, and neutral protease addition is 3g.
Get the taro thin slice 1kg after cleaning decortication, phosphate buffered saline buffer 500mL, is placed in the homogenate of plant tissue stamp mill, after adopting ultrasonication (400W, 20min); Add zytase, neutral protease enzymolysis simultaneously; Temperature maintains 50 DEG C; PH value is 6.0; Enzymolysis time 5h; Go out enzyme, and the centrifugal 20min of 3000r/min carries out separation and purification, abandoning supernatant, dry in baking oven.
After measured, starch extraction rate is 74%, and purity is 75%.
Zytase optimal pH scope is 4.5-6.5, and neutral protease optimal pH scope is 6.5-7.5, and synchronously adding enzyme process, to arrange pH be 6.0, is unfavorable for that two kinds of enzymes react under optimum condition.
Therefore, consider that substep adds enzyme process enzymolysis taro and extracts starch.
Embodiment 4
Combine experiment---first add neutral protease, zytase enzymolysis taro extracts starch, neutral protease addition is 3g, and zytase addition is 12g.
Get the taro thin slice 1kg after cleaning decortication, phosphate buffered saline buffer 500mL, is placed in the homogenate of plant tissue stamp mill, after adopting ultrasonication (400W, 20min); First add neutral protease enzymolysis 3h, temperature maintains 50 DEG C, pH value is 7.0; After add zytase enzymolysis 2h, temperature maintains 50 DEG C, pH value is 5.0; Go out enzyme, and the centrifugal 20min of 3000r/min carries out separation and purification, abandoning supernatant, dry in baking oven.
After measured, starch extraction rate is 77.7%, and purity is 77%.First add neutral protease, cell wall structure is not destroyed, and arranges structure closely and hinders the crosslinked protein of neutral protease enzymolysis and starch, hinder the extraction of taro starch.
Therefore should consider, the protein that the first cell walls of destruction taro tissue, then enzymolysis and starch are cross-linked.
Embodiment 5
Combine experiment---first add zytase, neutral protease enzymolysis taro extracts starch, zytase addition is 12g, and neutral protease addition is 3g.
Clean the taro thin slice 1kg after decortication, phosphate buffered saline buffer 500mL, is placed in the homogenate of plant tissue stamp mill, after adopting ultrasonication (400W, 20min); First add zytase enzymolysis 2h, temperature maintains 50 DEG C, pH value is 5.0; After add neutral protease enzymolysis 3h, temperature maintains 50 DEG C, pH value is 7.0; Go out enzyme, and the centrifugal 20min of 3000r/min carries out separation and purification, abandoning supernatant, dry in baking oven.
After measured, starch extraction rate is 80.2%, and purity of starch reaches 82%.
Relative to synchronous enzymolysis, the substep of enzyme adds enzyme is reacted under respective optimum condition, is conducive to enzyme and plays maximum effect.
First add zytase, be conducive to the cell walls that degradation of xylan destroys taro tissue, xylan molecular degradation can also be made, reduce the viscosity of reaction system, thus improve the extraction effect of starch, after add neutral protease, proteolytic enzyme then makes starch granules and protein separation come further, thus increases the extraction yield of starch.
Embodiment 6
According to shown in table 1, carry out L
9(3
4) orthogonal test, be index with starch extraction rate, determine the optimum process condition of zytase enzymolysis.
Table 1 zytase orthogonal test factor level table
Table 2 zytase orthogonal experiments
As shown in Table 2, the optimum combination affecting xylanase treatment is A
2d
2b
1c
2, i.e. enzyme processing time 2h, enzyme concentration 750ug
-1, temperature 50 C, pH value 5.0.
Embodiment 7
According to shown in table 3, carry out L
9(3
4) orthogonal test, be index with starch extraction rate, determine the optimum process condition of neutral protease enzymolysis.
Table 3 neutral protease orthogonal test factor level table
Table 4 neutral protease orthogonal experiments
As can be seen from Table 4, neutral protease best of breed is D
3b
2a
2c
2, i.e. enzyme addition 500ug
-1, ferment treatment temperature 50 C, enzyme processing time 3h, ferment treatment pH value 7.0.
In enzymolysis process, enzyme addition, hydrolysis temperature, enzymolysis time, enzymolysis pH all can affect the extraction yield of taro starch.From two orthogonal tests, the best enzymolysis process condition of zytase, neutral protein enzyme extraction taro starch.
Above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, but not is limited; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, still can modify to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or equivalent replacement is carried out to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention's technical scheme required for protection.
Claims (7)
1. an extracting method for taro starch, is characterized in that: taro is cleaned decortication, thinly slices, and mixed with phosphate buffered saline buffer by taro thin slice, homogenate obtains taro slurries; First carry out pre-treatment, then add zytase enzymolysis, after add neutral protease and carry out enzymolysis and extraction taro starch, pH value is adjusted to 8.0 and goes out enzyme, centrifugal, abandons supernatant liquor, dry; Described pre-treatment is ultrasonication, and treatment condition are 10-20min under 300-500W; The compound of described taro slurries enzymolysis zytase used and neutral protease adds the 0.75%-2% that total mass is taro quality, and described zytase and the mass ratio of neutral protease are: 0.5-1:0.5-1.5.
2. the extracting method of taro starch according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass volume ratio w/v of described taro thin slice and phosphate buffered saline buffer is: taro: phosphate buffered saline buffer=1g:0.5-2.0mL.
3. the extracting method of taro starch according to claim 1, is characterized in that: first adopt zytase enzymolysis 1.0-3.0h in described enzymolysis process, and temperature maintains 40-60 DEG C, pH value is 4.5-6.5; After add neutral protease enzymolysis 1.0-3.0h, temperature maintains 40-60 DEG C, pH value is 6.5-7.5; PH value is adjusted to 8.0, and go out enzyme.
4. the extracting method of taro starch according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the enzyme processing time 2h of described xylanase treatment, enzyme concentration 750Ug
-1, temperature 50 C, pH value 5.0.
5. the extracting method of taro starch according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the enzyme addition 500Ug of described neutral protein ferment treatment
-1, ferment treatment temperature 50 C, enzyme processing time 3h, ferment treatment pH value 7.0.
6. the extracting method of taro starch according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature of described drying is 40-45 DEG C, time of drying is 24h.
7. the extracting method of taro starch according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the purity of taro starch can reach more than 80%, starch extraction rate more than 75%.
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| CN105860146A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-08-17 | 苏州市鼎立包装有限公司 | Preparation method of starch-base edible packaging film |
| CN110305227B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2022-06-10 | 江西农业大学 | Taro mucilage and taro starch and co-production method thereof |
| CN117441878A (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-01-26 | 北方民族大学 | Modified starch emulsifier and preparation method thereof |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1775811A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2006-05-24 | 史美丽 | Taro starch extracting method |
| CN101070353A (en) * | 2007-01-06 | 2007-11-14 | 申成果 | Taro starch producing technology |
| CN102775504A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-14 | 白银赛诺生物科技有限公司 | Process for producing maize starch by using enzymic method |
| CN103169024A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-06-26 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Method for extracting kidney bean starch and coproducing kidney bean protein powder and dietary fiber powder |
| CN103721683A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Taro starch with high adsorbability and preparation method thereof |
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| US20030091691A1 (en) * | 2000-06-23 | 2003-05-15 | Olsen Hans Sejr | Stepping process |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1775811A (en) * | 2005-11-30 | 2006-05-24 | 史美丽 | Taro starch extracting method |
| CN101070353A (en) * | 2007-01-06 | 2007-11-14 | 申成果 | Taro starch producing technology |
| CN102775504A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-11-14 | 白银赛诺生物科技有限公司 | Process for producing maize starch by using enzymic method |
| CN103169024A (en) * | 2013-04-17 | 2013-06-26 | 黑龙江八一农垦大学 | Method for extracting kidney bean starch and coproducing kidney bean protein powder and dietary fiber powder |
| CN103721683A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Taro starch with high adsorbability and preparation method thereof |
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| "酶法提高芋头浆中淀粉水解率的工艺条件研究";姜绍通等;《食品工业科技》;20131030;第171-175页 * |
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