CN103769109A - Synthetic gas conversion catalyst, and preparation method and applications thereof - Google Patents
Synthetic gas conversion catalyst, and preparation method and applications thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103769109A CN103769109A CN201210408240.6A CN201210408240A CN103769109A CN 103769109 A CN103769109 A CN 103769109A CN 201210408240 A CN201210408240 A CN 201210408240A CN 103769109 A CN103769109 A CN 103769109A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a synthetic gas conversion catalyst. According to the synthetic gas conversion catalyst, modified silica gel is taken as a carrier; cobalt is taken as an active component, and accounts for 5 to 35wt% of the synthetic gas conversion catalyst; and the modified silica gel is modified with a zinc-containing aqueous solution with a pH value of 3 to 4.5 via excessive immersion treatment. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the synthetic gas conversion catalyst. The preparation method comprises following steps: silica gel is taken as the carrier, and is subjected to surface modification, wherein excessive immersion treatment with the zinc-containing aqueous solution with a pH value of 3 to 4.5 is used for surface modification of the silica gel carrier; and loading of the active component Co is carried out via immersion method. The invention also discloses applications of the synthetic gas conversion catalyst in Fischer-Tropsch synthetic reaction. The preparation method is simple; and the synthetic gas conversion catalyst is high in activity and stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of syngas conversion catalyst and its preparation method and application, relate in particular to a kind of syngas conversion catalyst take modified silica-gel as carrier and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
Synthetic synthesis gas (the CO+H that refers to of Fischer-Tropsch
2) on catalyst, catalyze and synthesize the reaction of liquid hydrocarbon fuel.Along with the exhaustion day by day of petroleum resources, be more subject to the attention of countries in the world with Fischer-Tropsch synthesis prepare liquid fuel.Catalyst is one of key technology of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.In the research of the fischer-tropsch catalysts of nearly 80 years, people have found that Fe, Co and Ru etc. are the effective active components of fischer-tropsch catalysts, activity, the stability of various auxiliary elements to fischer-tropsch catalysts such as Zr, K, Zn and Cu play an important role, and the carrier of catalyst is generally with unformed SiO
2, TiO
2and Al
2o
3be main.How active component, metal promoter and carrier are carried out to effective and reasonable collocation, prepare there is high activity, the fischer-tropsch synthetic catalyst of high selectivity and high stability is the focus of research.Use cobalt-base catalyst-can not only generate to greatest extent heavy hydrocarbon, and cobalt-base catalyst carbon deposit tendency is low, active high, therefore take cobalt-base catalyst as basic research significant.But in cobalt-base catalyst, metallic cobalt easily generates cobaltous silicate, cobalt titanate and cobalt aluminate compounds with above-mentioned carrier generation chemical action, has reduced the activity and selectivity of catalyst, the content of methane in product is increased considerably, C
5 +selectively significantly reduce.When catalyst is in slurry state bed and fixed bed when long time running, hydrothermal meeting further promotes reacting of active component cobalt and carrier, affects life-span and the activity of catalyst.Therefore, be necessary carrier to process, reduce the interaction between carrier and catalyst activity component, improve life-span and the activity of catalyst.
CN201010166118.3 discloses a kind of organic hydrophobic modified syngas conversion catalyst and preparation and application.This catalyst is made up of active component, carrier, silica and hydrophobic grouping, and its percentage by weight consists of: metallic cobalt: 5.0～30.0%; Carrier: 50%～80%; Silica: 5%～20%, hydrophobic grouping: 5～40%.Described preparation method comprises that following process (1) first adds the organosilan that hydrophobic grouping is provided in reactor, again the carrier through vacuum drying treatment is placed on shelf of reactor, avoid organosilan to contact with carrier, after reactor sealing, be warming up to 40～100 ℃, after providing and reacting 12～100h with carrier after the organosilan gasification of hydrophobic grouping, at 30～100 ℃, vacuum drying 10～50h makes hydrophobically modified carrier; (2) by the alcoholic solution incipient impregnation that contains cobalt salt to obtained hydrophobically modified carrier, leave standstill 12～40h, then, in 80～120 ℃ of dry 12～50h, obtain sample at 300～600 ℃ of constant temperature calcining 4～24h; (3) in reactor, add the organosilan that hydrophobic grouping is provided with step (1) equivalent, obtained sample is placed in again on the shelf of reactor, after reactor sealing, be warming up to 40～100 ℃, after providing and reacting 12～100h with sample after the organosilan gasification of hydrophobic grouping, at 30～100 ℃, vacuum drying 10～50h makes catalyst." catalysis journal " o. 11th grandson in 2007 gives rare grade and disclose similar method in " the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis performance of organically-modified silica and load cobalt catalyst thereof ".The method utilizes silanization effect to make respectively the SiO of methyl, dimethyl and trimethyl modification
2carrier, adopts equi-volume impregnating to prepare a series of supported cobalt catalysts that mass fraction is 5%.Investigate the organically-modified impact on catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalytic performance.
In said method, silica-gel carrier is after organic group modification, and surface silanol group concentration reduces, and has weakened the interaction between cobalt silicon, has promoted the reduction of catalyst, has improved the activity of catalyst.But the method for introducing organic group on silica-gel carrier surface not only preparation process complexity, cost high, be unfavorable for commercial Application, and due to the sterically hindered effect of organic group and with the strong interaction of Fischer-Tropsch synthetic generating, caused the reduction of activity stability, the selective raising of methane.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of with modification SiO
2for syngas conversion catalyst of carrier and its preparation method and application.Syngas conversion catalyst prepared by the inventive method is not only active high, good stability, and also preparation method is simple.
A kind of syngas conversion catalyst, this catalyst is take modified silica-gel as carrier, and take cobalt as active component, in catalyst, the weight percentage of cobalt is 5%-35%, wherein, described modified silica-gel is to be 3-4.5 through pH value containing the silica gel after the excessive impregnation process of the zinc aqueous solution.
The preparation method of syngas conversion catalyst comprises following process: take silica gel as a carrier, first silica-gel carrier is carried out to surface modification, then adopt infusion process dipping active component Co; What wherein the surface modifying method of silica-gel carrier was that to adopt pH value be 3-4.5 contains the excessive impregnation process of the zinc aqueous solution.
In the preparation method of syngas conversion catalyst of the present invention, silica-gel carrier can adopt commodity on demand, also can be by existing method preparation.
In the preparation method of syngas conversion catalyst of the present invention, the method of modifying of silica-gel carrier is adopted to the aqueous solution impregnation process containing zinc ion, zinc ion derives from one or more in zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride and zinc acetate, preferably the aqueous solution of zinc nitrate.Quality percentage composition containing zinc aqueous zinc is 0.5%-5%, is preferably 1%-3%.After dipping, be dried, also can proceed calcination process.Impregnation process temperature is 50-95 ℃, is preferably 60 ~ 80 ℃, and the impregnation process time is 2-150h, preferably 10-100h.After dipping, baking temperature is 50-150 ℃, and be 0.5-36h drying time, preferably dry 8-24h at 60-120 ℃; Roasting is roasting 2-15 hour at 280-600 ℃, preferably roasting 4-10 hour at 300-500 ℃.
In the preparation method of syngas conversion catalyst of the present invention, the dipping process of active component Co can adopt method well known to those skilled in the art.As adopt following process: adopt the solution impregnation modified silica gel carrier containing active metal component Co salt, after dipping, can comprise drying steps and calcination steps.Drying steps is dry 8-24 hour at 50-150 ℃, and calcination steps is roasting 2-10 hour at 280-600 ℃.In the catalyst of preparation, the weight percentage of cobalt is 5%-35%.
Syngas conversion catalyst prepared by the inventive method application in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.
Compared with prior art, syngas conversion catalyst of the present invention and its preparation method and application tool has the following advantages:
1, in the present invention, adopt suitable to zinc aqueous solution impregnation process silica-gel carrier, utilize the hydrionic exchange interaction in zinc ion and Silica Surface hydroxyl, generate Si-O-Zn-O-Si key, reduce the hydroxyl concentration of Silica Surface, reduce the strong interaction of active component and silicon hydroxyl, improve decentralization and the reduction degree of active component cobalt, and then improved the activity stability of catalyst;
2, in the present invention, reduced the generation that is easy to the Si-O-Co key that generates cobaltous silicate in the time that load active component and long period carry out Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, made catalyst be easy to reduce and improved the hydrothermal stability of catalyst;
3, the present invention is in reducing Silica Surface hydroxyl, avoid the sterically hindered adverse effect of the organic group bringing while reducing Silica Surface hydroxyl concentration by grafting organic group, make silica-gel carrier surface there is suitable hydrophobicity, avoid Silica Surface to cause with the strong interaction of Fischer-Tropsch synthetic the mass transfer effect that methane selectively improves and impact is reacted, caused activity stability to reduce;
4, catalyst of the present invention preparation is simple, and technology maturation is conducive to the industrial production of catalyst.
The specific embodiment
Further illustrate process and the effect of the inventive method below in conjunction with embodiment.
Example 1
(pore volume is 1.06ml/g, and specific area is 386.81m to take commercially available silica gel
2/ g, the every 10 grams of dropping distilled water of this silica gel consume water volume while extremely just profit is 16ml, following examples are all used this silica gel) 30g, adopt pH value to be adjusted into 5.5, the zinc nitrate solution that the mass concentration of zinc ion is 2% carries out excessive impregnation process to silica-gel carrier, and impregnation process temperature is 75 ℃, the impregnation process time is 50h, elimination redundant nitric acid zinc solution after dipping, at 100 ℃ of dry 20h, roasting 8h at 400 ℃.By final catalyst cobalt content 5wt%, take cobalt nitrate and be dissolved in 48ml water, add in zinc nitrate solution silica-gel carrier after treatment and flood, aging 3 hours, 80 ℃ were dried 8 hours, roasting 4 hours in 350 ℃.Gained catalyst is designated as C-1.
Evaluating catalyst is tested in high pressure CSTR, using paraffin as solvent, reduces 12 hours with at 350 ℃ of pure hydrogen, and pressure is 1.0MPa.After cooling, switching synthesis gas reacts.Reaction effluent is collected by hot trap, cold-trap respectively.Reaction condition is 220 ℃, 1000h
-1, 2.0MPa, H
2/ CO=2(mol ratio).When operation 200h, C-1 catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis result is as shown in table 1.
Example 2
Take commercially available silica gel 30g, adopt pH value to be adjusted into 5, the mass concentration of zinc ion is that 1% zinc nitrate solution carries out excessive impregnation process to silica-gel carrier, impregnation process temperature is 60 ℃, the impregnation process time is 10h, elimination redundant nitric acid zinc solution after dipping, at 50 ℃ of dry 36h, roasting 2h at 300 ℃.By final catalyst cobalt content 15wt%, take cobalt nitrate and be dissolved in 48ml water, add in zinc nitrate solution silica-gel carrier after treatment and flood, aging 3 hours, 80 ℃ were dried 8 hours, roasting 4 hours in 350 ℃.Gained catalyst is designated as C-2.Catalyst activity evaluation experimental condition is with embodiment 1.C-2 catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis result is as shown in table 1.
Example 3
Take commercially available silica gel 30g, adopt pH value for being adjusted into 6, the mass concentration of zinc ion is that 3% solution of zinc sulfate carries out excessive impregnation process to silica-gel carrier, impregnation process temperature is 80 ℃, the impregnation process time is 100h, the unnecessary solution of zinc sulfate of elimination after dipping, at 150 ℃ of dry 2h, roasting 15h at 500 ℃.By final catalyst cobalt content 15wt%, take cobalt nitrate and be dissolved in 48ml water, add in zinc nitrate solution silica-gel carrier after treatment and flood, aging 3 hours, 80 ℃ were dried 8 hours, roasting 4 hours in 350 ℃.Gained catalyst is designated as C-3.Catalyst activity evaluation experimental condition is with embodiment 1.C-3 catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis result is as shown in table 1.
Example 4
Take commercially available silica gel 30g, adopt pH value to be adjusted into 5.5, the mass concentration of zinc ion is that 0.5% liquor zinci chloridi carries out excessive impregnation process to silica-gel carrier, impregnation process temperature is 50 ℃, the impregnation process time is 50h, the unnecessary liquor zinci chloridi of elimination after dipping, at 60 ℃ of dry 8h, roasting 4h at 280 ℃.By final catalyst cobalt content 15wt%, take cobalt nitrate and be dissolved in 48ml water, add in zinc nitrate solution silica-gel carrier after treatment and flood, aging 3 hours, 80 ℃ were dried 8 hours, roasting 4 hours in 350 ℃.Gained catalyst is designated as C-4.Catalyst activity evaluation experimental condition is with embodiment 1.C-4 catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis result is as shown in table 1.
Example 5
Take commercially available silica gel 30g, adopt pH value to be adjusted into 5, the mass concentration of zinc ion is that 5% zinc acetate solution carries out excessive impregnation process to silica-gel carrier, impregnation process temperature is 95 ℃, the impregnation process time is 40h, the unnecessary zinc acetate solution of elimination after dipping, at 120 ℃ of dry 24h, roasting 10h at 600 ℃.By final catalyst cobalt content 15wt%, take cobalt nitrate and be dissolved in 48ml water, add in zinc nitrate solution silica-gel carrier after treatment and flood, aging 3 hours, 80 ℃ were dried 8 hours, roasting 4 hours in 350 ℃.Gained catalyst is designated as C-5.Catalyst activity evaluation experimental condition is with embodiment 1.C-5 catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis result is as shown in table 1.
Example 6
Take commercially available silica gel 30g, adopt pH value to be adjusted into 6, the mass concentration of zinc ion is that 2% zinc nitrate solution carries out excessive impregnation process to silica-gel carrier, impregnation process temperature is 70 ℃, the impregnation process time is 30h, elimination redundant nitric acid zinc solution after dipping, at 80 ℃ of dry 15h, roasting 8h at 400 ℃.By final catalyst cobalt content 20wt%, take cobalt nitrate and be dissolved in 48ml water, add in zinc nitrate solution silica-gel carrier after treatment and flood, aging 3 hours, 80 ℃ were dried 8 hours, roasting 4 hours in 350 ℃.Gained catalyst is designated as C-6.Catalyst activity evaluation experimental condition is with embodiment 1.C-6 catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis result is as shown in table 1.
Example 7
Take commercially available silica gel 30g, adopt pH value to be adjusted into 5.5, the mass concentration of zinc ion is that 1.5% zinc nitrate solution carries out excessive impregnation process to silica-gel carrier, impregnation process temperature is 70 ℃, the impregnation process time is 20h, elimination redundant nitric acid zinc solution after dipping, at 90 ℃ of dry 10h, roasting 6h at 400 ℃.By final catalyst cobalt content 35wt%, take cobalt nitrate and be dissolved in 48ml water, add in zinc nitrate solution silica-gel carrier after treatment and flood, aging 3 hours, 80 ℃ were dried 8 hours, roasting 4 hours in 350 ℃.Gained catalyst is designated as C-7.Catalyst activity evaluation experimental condition is with embodiment 1.C-7 catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis result is as shown in table 1.
Example 8
Take commercially available silica gel 30g, adopt pH value to be adjusted into 5.5, the mass concentration of zinc ion is that 2% zinc nitrate solution carries out excessive impregnation process to silica-gel carrier, impregnation process temperature is 70 ℃, the impregnation process time is 5h, elimination redundant nitric acid zinc solution after dipping, at 100 ℃ of dry 20h, roasting 8h at 400 ℃.By final catalyst cobalt content 35wt%, take cobalt nitrate and be dissolved in 48ml water, add in zinc nitrate solution silica-gel carrier after treatment and flood, aging 3 hours, 80 ℃ were dried 8 hours, roasting 4 hours in 350 ℃.Gained catalyst is designated as C-8.Catalyst activity evaluation experimental condition is with embodiment 1.C-8 catalyst Fischer-Tropsch synthesis result is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example 1
Do not control the pH value containing the zinc aqueous solution, other preparation condition and appreciation condition, with embodiment 1, obtain catalyst and are designated as C-B1, and evaluation result is in table 1.
Comparative example 2
Take the silica gel of dimethyl modification as carrier, do not control the pH value containing the zinc aqueous solution, other preparation condition and appreciation condition, with embodiment 1, obtain catalyst and are designated as C-B2, and evaluation result is in table 1.
The reactivity worth of table 1 catalyst
| Catalyst | CO conversion ratio (%) | C 5 +Selectively (wt%) | CH 4Selectively (wt%) |
| C-1 | 85.4 | 85.4 | 9.4 |
| C-2 | 86.0 | 83.0 | 9.7 |
| C-3 | 88.3 | 85.8 | 9.6 |
| C-4 | 86.4 | 79.8 | 11.2 |
| C-5 | 87.5 | 79.2 | 10.2 |
| C-6 | 89.7 | 81.4 | 10.4 |
| C-7 | 82.1 | 85.9 | 7.6 |
| C-8 | 81.2 | 81.2 | 8.9 |
| C-B1 | 76.3 | 73.6 | 13.1 |
| C-B2 | 71.2 | 76.1 | 13.7 |
Claims (10)
1. a syngas conversion catalyst, take modified silica-gel as carrier, take cobalt as active component, in catalyst, the weight percentage of cobalt is 5%-35%, wherein, described modified silica-gel is is 3-4.5 through pH value containing the silica gel after the excessive impregnation process of the zinc aqueous solution.
2. the preparation method of syngas conversion catalyst claimed in claim 1, take silica gel as carrier, first carries out surface modification to silica-gel carrier, then adopts infusion process dipping active component Co; It is characterized in that: what the surface modifying method of silica-gel carrier was that to adopt pH value be 3-4.5 contains the excessive impregnation process of the zinc aqueous solution.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the described zinc ion containing in the zinc aqueous solution is selected from one or more in zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, zinc chloride and zinc acetate.
4. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the described quality percentage composition containing zinc aqueous zinc is 0.5%-5%.
5. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: impregnation process temperature is 50-95 ℃, and the impregnation process time is 2-150h.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described impregnation process temperature is 60 ~ 80 ℃, and the impregnation process time is 10-100h.
7. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: be dried and roasting containing after the excessive dipping silica-gel carrier of the zinc aqueous solution, baking temperature is 50-150 ℃, and be 0.5-36h drying time, and roasting is roasting 2-15 hour at 280-600 ℃.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: be dried as dry 8-24h at 60-120 ℃; Roasting is roasting 4-10 hour at 300-500 ℃.
9. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: after dipping active metal component Co salt, comprise drying steps and calcination steps, drying steps is dry 8-24 hour at 50-150 ℃, calcination steps is roasting 2-10 hour at 280-600 ℃, and in the catalyst of preparation, the weight percentage of cobalt is 5%-35%.
10. the application of the catalyst described in arbitrary claim in synthesis gas conversion reaction in claim 1-9.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112705158A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 青岛华世洁环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-load modified silica gel dehumidification rotary core |
| CN114733524A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-07-12 | 东南大学 | Methane dry reforming catalyst using waste allochroic silica gel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112705158A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-27 | 青岛华世洁环保科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-load modified silica gel dehumidification rotary core |
| CN114733524A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-07-12 | 东南大学 | Methane dry reforming catalyst using waste allochroic silica gel and preparation method thereof |
| CN114733524B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2024-03-12 | 东南大学 | Methane dry reforming catalyst utilizing waste allochroic silica gel and preparation method thereof |
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