CN103762598A - High-power power compensation voltage-stabilization capacity-adjustment alternating current power source with stepless-voltage-adjustment arc extinction switch - Google Patents
High-power power compensation voltage-stabilization capacity-adjustment alternating current power source with stepless-voltage-adjustment arc extinction switch Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power power compensation voltage-stabilization capacity-adjustment alternating current power source with a stepless-voltage-adjustment arc extinction switch. The high-power power compensation voltage-stabilization capacity-adjustment alternating current power source is mainly applied to a resistance or resistance-capacitance alternating current load system with the voltage stepless or step adjustment requirement, the voltage stabilization requirement, the capacity adjustment requirement and the reactive compensation requirement. When the power grid secondary voltage is required to be adjusted, stepless voltage adjustment and step voltage adjustment can be carried out through the system, and the voltage adjustment function and the capacity adjustment function are achieved; when the power grid voltage is required to be constant, under the condition of any fluctuation of the power grid voltage, the voltage of the secondary side of a power grid can be kept constant at a high speed, the voltage stabilization function, the capacity increasing function and the power factor adjustment function are achieved, and it is most important that the Matthew effect in traditional power factor adjustment is eliminated. The high-power power compensation voltage-stabilization capacity-adjustment alternating current power source has the advantages of being high in automation degree, low in harmonic wave and free of maintenance, and saving energy. The waveform of the output voltage during step voltage adjustment is a sine wave. The waveform of the voltage during stepless voltage adjustment in any cycle wave is composed of continuous sine wave cycle pieces, the waveform of the voltage is continuous and approximates the sine wave when the voltage adjustment range is small, and the voltage adjustment range ranges from 0 percent to 100 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of voltage smoothly step-less adjustment and voltage current waveform continuously without between discontinuity area, the new technology of can power factor adjusting of applying in resistive, resistance sense, capacitance-resistance sexual intercourse streaming system.The technology of the present invention principle is in the continuous sine wave of a voltage (the main transformer output waveform of string modified tone pressure transformer, magnitude of voltage is fixed) any cycle on the sinusoidal wave cycle of another (or several) sync rates voltage adjustable (being regulated by AC voltage regulator) break-make of superposition (string of string modified tone pressure transformer becomes output waveform, this voltage height is determined by make-to-break ratio) synthesize, synthetic voltage can be to have continuously a grade pressure regulation (by three side switches of string modified tone pressure transformer, to replace AC voltage regulator to regulate or both regulate while controlling jointly, output waveform is sinusoidal wave), also can be that level and smooth stepless voltage regulation is (during by AC voltage regulator control, the continuous similar sine wave of output voltage waveforms is by the voltage continuous sine wave section composition suddenly falling that skyrockets in any cycle, continuous sine wave section is generally comprised of the sinusoidal wave cycle segment that on a complete sinusoidal wave cycle, superposition is interrupted again, wavy curve has voltage over zero as sine wave, no-voltage zero crossing interval, ripple factor is little), range of regulation can be between 0-100%.The technology that can carry out power factor adjustment in output port (the seeing Figure 11-15) Shunt Capacitor Unit of series connection resultant voltage when the art of this patent is used in the system that needs voltage stabilizing.Have capacity compensation, increase-volume, voltage stabilizing, stepless voltage regulation, power factor adjustment, transformer non-maintaining, can automatic control function.As being applied to, need transformer capacity transfer, voltage instability, voltage needs step-less adjustment and higher to waveform precision prescribed, power factor is low, energy-conservation, non-maintaining, need to use high-speed response, without arc, oncontacting, reveal in the systems such as the fire prevention of sub-connecting switch of transformer, the electric equipment of anti-arcing.
The present invention can be used as stepless voltage regulation shunting switch AC voltage regulator and use, or has a grade shunting switch to be used in conjunction with transformer, and both also can be used alone.Being applied to voltage can have level to regulate again smoothly step-less adjustment, particularly require voltage waveform continuously without in resistive, the resistance sense between discontinuity area, capacitance-resistance sexual intercourse current load system continuously.Because being interrupted the sinusoidal wave voltage that carries out, the principle of the invention one of superposition on a continuous sine wave regulates continuously, output waveform relatively approaches sinusoidal wave, reach and drop to minimum on the impact of equipment, therefore in resistive, resistance sense, capacitance-resistance sexual intercourse current load system application can realize voltage smoothly stepless, wide region, continuity regulate, have be easy to realize equipment automatization, power factor is high, loss is low, harmonic wave is little, voltage without between discontinuity area, the feature of current continuity.
The present invention also can be applicable to: can go to control high-tension level and smooth stepless voltage-regulation by low-voltage, the level and smooth stepless voltage-regulation that also can go to control low-voltage with high voltage AC voltage regulator do high-speed response, oncontacting is revealed sub-connecting switch of transformer and is used.The level and smooth step-less adjustment of voltage (employing boost string modified tone pressure transformer) of controlling 220KV electric pressure as gone with 0.38KV voltage, as little in range of regulation, waveform approaches sinusoidal wave.
The present invention has fire prevention, and economize on electricity increases transformer capacity, reduces equipment investment, reduces voltage fluctuation and flicker, the required reactive power of minimizing system, the remarkable result of raising system self power factor.
While the invention solves original AC voltage regulator regulation voltage, the voltage current waveform point of interruption is interval long, zero crossing often, electric current and voltage off and on, voltage fluctuation is large, discontinuous current causes current interruption starting the arc number of times too much, and power is inputted off and on, causes that harmonic wave is large, flickering is excessive, discontinuous arcing, the too much significant problem of current interruption starting the arc number of times.
This technology is significant to realizing in resistive, resistance sense sexual intercourse current load system voltage, electric current, the power adjustments target that (computer) controlled automatically.
Background technology
Present stage is mainly that primary side or the secondary side that is serially connected in transformer by AC voltage regulator completes when voltage, electric current, the power of resistive, resistance sense, capacitance-resistance sexual intercourse current load system are carried out to stepless control.Voltage-regulation principle is that the AC sine wave of transformer output is controlled by AC voltage regulator, by opening, several cycles turn-off several cycles again or in cycle, disconnect the way regulation voltage electric current of a part to the section of a few sinusoidal segment ripples, output voltage waveforms is interrupted sine wave, and pressure regulation recently realizes by changing break-make.
The control mode of AC voltage regulator has three kinds: the control of complete cycle ripple break-make, phase control, copped wave control.Want in complete cycle ripple break-make control mode, thyristor is used as alternating-current switch, and it disconnects several cycles again load and the several cycles of power connection, by changing break-make, recently changes voltage effective value in load.During phase control, some at the upper and lower half-wave of supply voltage
the phase place moment is the forward and reverse thyristor of triggering and conducting respectively, and what in load, obtain is to have lacked a part of sinusoidal voltage, thus change pilot angle can change lack size partly and reach the object of pressure regulation.In chopper control mode, thyristor will be with the element of judgement certainly such as force the pass break circuit or employing power transistor, repeatedly break-make of switch element in each cycle of supply voltage, a sine wave is chopped into multiple pulse bursts and is added in load, the make-to-break ratio that changes copped wave can realize pressure regulation.Phase control AC voltage adjusting claims again phase control, is basic control mode in AC voltage adjusting, most widely used.
As known from the above, produce point of zero voltage interval long during original AC voltage regulator pressure regulation, often, electric current and voltage off and on, causes voltage fluctuation large to zero crossing, and discontinuous current causes current interruption starting the arc number of times too much, and power is inputted off and on, and harmonic wave is large.
AC voltage regulator realizes pressure regulation by changing voltage waveform, therefore the voltage waveform of output is no longer complete sine wave, harmonic component is larger, but its fundametal compoment is still by the alternating current of supply voltage same frequency, therefore can think that AC voltage regulator has only converted the voltage of alternating current, and not change the frequency of alternating current.
During due to AC voltage regulator pressure regulation, produce that point of zero voltage interval long causes that harmonic wave is large, flickering is excessive, discontinuous arcing, current interruption starting the arc number of times too much, electric current and voltage off and on.Poor output and the quality that affects equipment of arc stability, easily make transformer and load produce internal overvoltage, insulation to transformer, switch, motor even load has a negative impact, affect its useful life, increase energy consumption, cause the unbalanced significant problems of relevant device input power such as resistance, inductive, capacity load.
AC voltage regulator capacity (KVA)=selected power electric component is if normal work required voltage effective value (the V) × selected power electric component of thyristor is as the required current effective value of normal work (A)/1000 of thyristor.
AC voltage regulator drives capacity (KVA)=institute's bringing onto load normal working voltage effective value (V) × institute bringing onto load running current effective value (A)/1000.
AC voltage regulator drive ratio=AC voltage regulator control capacity (KVA)/AC voltage regulator drives capacity (KVA).This is worth, and more low cost is lower, and efficiency is higher.
Present stage, general AC voltage regulator control capacity is greater than the driving capacity of AC voltage regulator.Bearing power is larger, and the driving capacity of required AC voltage regulator is larger, and the voltage of required electronic component, current effective value are larger.Under prior art condition, the voltage of power electronic element, current effective value are limited.On high voltage, large electric current, big capacity load, the power electronic element needing solves by connection in series-parallel, and cost is increasing, and technical difficulty is increasing, and users cannot bear.Along with rapid economic development, various power consumption equipments are towards high voltage, large capacity future development, are therefore badly in need of a kind of AC voltage regulator with low capacity, low-voltage, little electric current and remove to control high voltage, the stepless voltage regulation of capacity, strong current transformer or other loads greatly.
Along with the fast development of modern industry, the capacity of power consumption equipment is increasing, and relevant device all develops towards high voltage large capcity.Some power consumption equipments are more and more higher to voltage, current waveform required precision simultaneously, to corresponding voltage stabilizing technique, require also more and more higher.
First, often there is the transient states such as short circuit, zero load, instantaneous overload in above-mentioned power consumption equipment, cause electric current extremely unstable, cause voltage to fluctuate widely, flickering is increasing, the active power that equipment draws is reduced, and busbar voltage declines serious, and equipment cannot normally be used.The unexpected interruption of electric current, easily makes Transformer Winding produce internal overvoltage, and the insulation of the electric equipments such as transformer, switch is had a negative impact, and affects its useful life, increases energy consumption.
Secondly, the power consumption equipment that load variations is large, capacity is larger, and the relative value of short net reactance changes greatly, and power factor is neglected to rise and is suddenly fallen, and causes increasing power supply capacity, brings larger voltage fluctuation, and increase energy consumption to system.
Again, serious at voltage drop, affect main cause that power consumption equipment uses to have that electrical network transmission route is long, equipment is idle large, transformer capacity is too small, the high moment overload of transformer load grade seriously, equipment harmonic wave is large.
Traditional power factor adjustment is in the primary side of transformer or the method for secondary side Shunt Capacitor Unit, but this method has the defect that cannot overcome.When load is once less or secondary line voltage is high, electric capacity both end voltage raise, capacitance raises with quadratic relationship, power factor raise, impel once or secondary line voltage higher.When the larger line voltage of load is low, capacitor voltage at both ends reduces, condenser capacity with square relation decline rapidly, power factor also with square relation decline, cause once or secondary line voltage lower, the result of vicious circle is that system power quality is had a strong impact on, the Matthew effect that we can make conventional power factor adjust this.
Therefore above-mentioned reason all causes network load power factor to decline, and quality of voltage is disappointing.For burning voltage, reduce energy consumption, reduce harmonic wave, improve power factor, increase active power, improve its electric property, enhance productivity, adopting the new technology of improved parallel capacitor adjusting power factor is the task of top priority.
In sum, be badly in need of at present a kind of can voltage stabilizing, low cost, range of regulation is large, smoothly stepless voltage regulation (waveform is continuous and approach sinusoidal wave), also can have a grade pressure regulation (sine wave), output voltage current continuity, can rapid adjustment transformer capacity, change the new technology of traditional shunt capacitor Modulating Power factor.The inventor has invented the new technology of the high-power power back-off voltage stabilizing capacity transfer AC power (hereinafter to be referred as high power AC stabilized voltage power supply) with stepless voltage regulation crowbar switch accordingly.
Summary of the invention
The goal of the invention of the high-power power back-off voltage stabilizing capacity transfer AC power with stepless voltage regulation crowbar switch: system gets final product stepless voltage regulation when electric grid secondary voltage need to regulate, also can there is a grade pressure regulation (now high power AC stabilized voltage power supply can only be comprised of AC voltage regulator and string modified tone pressure transformer), there is the function of pressure regulation, adjusting transformer capacity; When line voltage needs are constant, in the situation that line voltage fluctuates arbitrarily, (now high power AC stabilized voltage power supply is comprised of AC voltage regulator, string modified tone pressure transformer, capacitor group can to maintain at a high speed electric grid secondary side voltage constant, also can be formed by AC voltage regulator and string modified tone pressure transformer, depending on whether needing power factor adjustment), there is voltage stabilizing, increase-volume, power factor adjustment, energy-conservation function, the most important thing is the Matthew effect during eliminating traditional power factor adjusts.
The another order of the present invention is that while realizing AC voltage regulator pressure regulation, output voltage continuous stepless is smoothly adjustable, and waveform is continuous and can approach sinusoidal wave technology.
Another object of the present invention is to make output voltage can have continuously a grade pressure regulation (output waveform for sinusoidal wave), also can be level and smooth stepless voltage regulation (output voltage waveforms relatively approaches sinusoidal wave continuously without breakpoint, the more little sine wave that approaches of range of regulation).When both are combined with, range of regulation is wider, and harmonic wave is less, the more approaching sine wave of waveform.
Another object of the present invention is by the AC voltage regulator of low capacity, low-voltage, little electric current, to remove to control the stepless voltage regulation of high voltage, large capacity, large current load, and AC voltage regulator voltage, electric current can freely be selected, AC voltage regulator capacity is only relevant with range of regulation, irrelevant with load voltage, the capacity of institute's pressure regulation.
Another object of the present invention be the power electronics control elements such as thyristor are carried out to phase control current stabilization, control inputs power and switching function control ratio compared with capacity, fast response time, therefore can realize the target that (computer) controlled automatically also can manually operated target.
Another object of the present invention is because switch element all has break-make at each cycle while solving AC voltage regulator pressure regulation, by changing voltage waveform, realize pressure regulation, therefore produce point of zero voltage interval long, voltage is interrupted, on electrical network, cause harmonic wave, flickering is excessive, in load, cause discontinuous arcing, current interruption, starting the arc number of times too much, electric current and voltage problem off and on.
Another object of the present invention is to solve the problem that causes voltage fluctuation and flicker when AC voltage regulator regulates control load system.
Another object of the present invention is when three side switches of AC voltage regulator and string modified tone pressure transformer are used in conjunction with, in the voltage range and power bracket of string modified tone pressure transformer regulation, native system can do the high-power ac power that universal voltage can smooth adjustment, and the electric equipment within the scope of certain capacity, within the scope of certain voltage all can use.
Another object of the present invention is AC voltage regulator to be used as to high-speed response, oncontacting reveal sub-connecting switch of transformer and use.Be applied to fire protection requirement, prevent in the equipment of switching arc electric discharge requirement.When being combined with the common shunting switch of transformer, range of regulation is wider, and harmonic wave is less, the more approaching sine wave of waveform.
Original AC voltage regulator pressure regulation is that several cycles turn-off several cycles again or in cycle, disconnect a part forms to the principle of the section of a few sinusoidal segment ripples by opening, and output voltage waveforms is interrupted sine wave, and pressure regulation recently realizes by changing break-make.Produce voltage interval long at zero point, often, electric current and voltage off and on, causes harmonic wave, voltage fluctuation large to zero crossing, and discontinuous current causes current interruption starting the arc number of times too much, and power is inputted problem off and on.According to the problem of its existence, patented technology of the present invention is to adopt on a continuous sine wave one of the superposition interruption sine wave by AC voltage regulator pressure regulation to carry out voltage to regulate continuously, synthetic waveform relatively approaches sinusoidal wave, to reach waveform, on the impact of equipment, drops to minimum.
The described high-power power back-off voltage stabilizing capacity transfer AC power with stepless voltage regulation crowbar switch is comprised of AC voltage regulator (when not needing stepless voltage regulation, this is replaced by transformer switch), string modified tone pressure transformer, Shunt Capacitor Unit; It is characterized in that being connected in series another (or several) by AC voltage regulator control or by transformer switch control or by the adjustable winding of voltage of both co-controllings on a fixed voltage winding, the winding voltage of serial connection can just can be born, and capacity adjustment, range of regulation can be between 0-100%; And carry out power factor adjustment in the output port Shunt Capacitor Unit of two series voltages.
Described AC voltage regulator refers to being connected in alternating current circuit after two thyristors or other power electronic element inverse parallels (also can replace with bidirectional thyristor), by just controlling the control of thyristor or other power electronic elements, exchanges output.Sort circuit does not change the frequency of alternating current, is called alternating electromotive force control circuit.Consisting of single three-phase circuit be AC voltage regulator.The control device that a kind of alternating current is become to the different voltage alternating currents of another kind of sync rates namely being formed by power electronic elements such as thyristors.The number of phases difference that AC voltage regulator regulates and controls by it can be divided into single phase ac regulation device and three phase ac controller.AC voltage regulator control mode is mainly in every half cycle by thyristor being opened to the control effective value of regulation output voltage easily of phase place, or the moment of controlling thyristor is all the moment in supply voltage zero passage, also can by trigger delay angle α, to output voltage waveforms, control in each AC power cycle, under emergency case, also may, to adopt the alternating electromotive force control circuit of break-make control, as ac power controller and AC contact-less switch, use.Conventionally the moment of controlling thyristor conducting is all in the moment of supply voltage zero passage, and like this, during AC power is connected, load voltage power supply is all sinusoidal wave, line voltage electric current is not caused the harmonic pollution of ordinary meaning.
In the transformer frequency response (adopting AC voltage adjusting circuit to be serially connected in the primary side of transformer or the secondary side of transformer) of arbitrary form, adopt AC voltage adjusting circuit to regulate transformer primary voltage, if adopt Thyristor Controlled rectification circuit, much Thyristors in series of the little electric current controllable electric power of high voltage in these power supplys.Also can regulate transformer secondary voltage by AC voltage adjusting circuit, low-voltage and high-current power supply is thyristor parallel connection a lot.But now voltage and current right and wrong are successional, waveform is interrupted.
The string modified tone pressure transformer that is characterized as of described string modified tone pressure transformer is comprised of two transformers, one is main transformer (abbreviation main transformer), one is series transformer (being called for short string becomes), the secondary windings in series of two transformers (no matter needing or do not need to utilize the independent pressure regulation winding being arranged on main transformer to another transformer primary side power supply) together, main transformer secondary winding voltage constant, AC voltage regulator regulates string to become secondary winding voltage, cause two secondary winding voltages that are cascaded to change, thereby change main, string becomes the resultant voltage of secondary winding.
No matter all voltage-regulation principle forms that connects bunchiness modified tone pressure transformer at secondary winding end of described string modified tone pressure transformer, also belong in secondary side series connection the string modified tone pressure transformer form that this patent defines by several transformers.
Described string modified tone pressure transformer main transformer and string change two second siding rings can be designed as to join end to end and are directly connected into the series connection structure (non-8 font loop constructions) of a phase.
Described string modified tone pressure transformer two second siding rings can be designed as 8 font loop constructions.This scenario-frame is simple, compactness, and floor space is little.
Formation is single-phase afterwards in the two homophase secondary side winding series connection that are characterized as of described string modified tone pressure transformer, and when need three phase times, main series transformer two secondary side winding can be designed to any connection set.
Described string modified tone pressure transformer be characterized as two homophase low pressure windings in series after form a phase, when need three phase times, main series transformer two low pressure windings can be designed to epitaxy delta connection group structure, as have great effect while being applied to the transformation of carrying out this technology on original transformer.
The feature of described string modified tone pressure transformer can also be other transformer forms, as the transformer of single device body transformer, preposition variac etc. also can produce identical function, but poor with string modified tone pressure transformer comparison with voltage current continuity, voltage current waveform has between discontinuity area.
Described patent main technical schemes of the present invention adopts AC voltage adjusting circuit to be serially connected in three sides of modified tone pressure transformer (main transformer voltage regulation coil and string become first siding ring all can be side three times), when being serially connected in three sides, its voltage of AC voltage adjusting circuit, current value are all more moderate, and such circuit volume is little, cost is low, be easy to manufacture and design.Particularly string modified tone pressure transformer main transformer secondary side constant voltage, waveform is the sine wave of standard, during three side voltage of AC voltage regulator adjustment, string change secondary side output voltage waveforms is interrupted sine wave, pressure regulation is by change, to go here and there the break-make of time variant voltage recently to realize, total output voltage is two voltage superposition relations, and total output voltage waveforms is (or several) interrupted sinusoidal wave cycle segment of sync rates of a standard sine wave superposition.Zero crossing waveform is identical with common power voltage over zero, and having solved AC voltage regulator has voltage interruption interval to cause voltage fluctuation, the discontinuous problem of electric current to common transformer or power supply when phased.Because of voltage-regulation be string become secondary side, so complete cycle ripple break-make, phase control, copped wave control all can adopt.
Described string modified tone pressure transformer low voltage voltage output expression formula:
In formula:
U-string modified tone pressure transformer secondary side output voltage (V);
U
1-string modified tone pressure transformer main transformer secondary side voltage (V);
U
2the string of-adjustable string modified tone pressure transformer becomes secondary side voltage (V).
Driving capacity=string modified tone pressure transformer total capacity of described the present invention program's AC voltage regulator.
String varying capacity in capacity=string modified tone pressure transformer of described the present invention program's AC voltage regulator is multiplied by one and is greater than 1 fixed coefficient.
String varying capacity=transformer total capacity × range of regulation percentage × 50% of the string modified tone pressure transformer of described general type.Therefore AC voltage regulator only need be controlled string varying capacity, just can control whole string modified tone pressure transformer total capacity, change string time variant voltage just can change the output voltage of whole string modified tone pressure transformer total capacity.Even if range of regulation is 100%, string varying capacity is also the half of transformer total capacity, and string uprises piezoelectricity and be pressed in principle and can set arbitrarily, this also can say the voltage of AC voltage regulator, currents combination can be optional, is convenient to select an AC voltage regulator that coefficient of safety is high, cost is low.
Described three phase ac controller is in resistance inductive load, not zero passage of electric current while making voltage zero-cross due to the effect of inductance, therefore string modified tone pressure transformer low voltage voltage thyristor angle of flow in resistance inductive load is not only relevant with pilot angle, and relevant with the impedance angle of load, also to examine the feature of the mode of connection simultaneously, therefore quantitative analysis is more difficult, the method that can only adopt monitoring to adjust.Only provide output voltage estimation equation below, though non-accurate, can find out adjustment direction:
In formula:
U-actual motion transformer output voltage (load required voltage) (V);
U
1-string modified tone pressure transformer main transformer secondary side voltage (V);
U
2-string modified tone pressure transformer string becomes Circuit Fault on Secondary Transformer voltage (V);
The secondary port place that is characterized as capacitor group and is connected in parallel on the outlet of string modified tone pressure transformer of described Shunt Capacitor Unit, because the art of this patent has voltage stabilizing function, no matter how primary voltage fluctuates, secondary port place voltage constant, can bring into play to greatest extent the effectiveness of Shunt Capacitor Unit, eliminate the Matthew effect in traditional power factor adjustment.
Described capacitor group be characterized as can be by capacitor, formed separately single-phase, three-phase structure.
It is single-phase that being characterized as of described capacitor group can be comprised of inductance series capacitor, and three-phase structure adopts machinery or thyristor control switching function; Also can be static passive compensation device (SVC), comprise thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR) and thyristor switchable capacitor (TSC), and both mixing arrangements (TCR+TSC), or thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR) mixes the device (TCR+MSC) of use etc. with fixed capacitor (FC) or mechanical switched capacitor (MSC); This does not all list other compensation ways of transformer.
After being characterized as of described capacitor group can be AC voltage regulator and capacitor group tandem compound, while being connected in parallel on a certain voltage port, the function with shunt capacitor in the situation that of network port change in voltage, maintains capacitor voltage at both ends substantially constant by AC voltage regulator pressure regulation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the single-phase electrical schematics of AC voltage regulator.
Fig. 2 is AC voltage regulator three-phase star connection schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is AC voltage regulator band three-phase at zero point star connection schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic diagram of AC voltage regulator dihedral connection, and other connections are identical with existing principle.
Fig. 5 is AC voltage regulator three-phase thyristor corner connection schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 AC voltage regulator half control star connection schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 AC voltage regulator single-phase voltage regulating three-phase star electrical schematics.
Fig. 8 flows voltage regulator two-phase pressure regulation three-phase star electrical schematics.
The string modified tone pressure transformer structure of Fig. 9 band AC voltage regulator is that in single-phase connection, two single-phase secondary side cascaded structures and AC voltage regulator are connected on side schematic diagram three times.When three phase times have connection set dihedral connection, star connection.AC voltage regulator mainly contains three kinds of connections, single-phase connection, delta connection, star connection, both combinations.In principle except Fig. 9 string modified tone pressure transformer and the single-phase connection of AC voltage regulator, other connections of AC voltage regulator and link position and string modify tone pressure transformer connection can combination in any, and this does not all draw.
Figure 10 is the single-phase electrical schematics of secondary capacitor group in parallel on string modified tone pressure transformer secondary coil.
Figure 11,12,13, the 14th, secondary winding and electric capacity connect several common type of combination.Three-phase string modified tone pressure transformer structure is after two single-phase low voltage series, to be coupled to three-phase in illustrated single-phase connection, and three-phase has three kinds of connection sets, dihedral connection, extend-triangle connection, star connection.Capacitor also has three kinds of connections, single-phase connection, delta connection, star connection, both combinations.In principle except Figure 10 and the single-phase connection of electric capacity, other connections of electric capacity and transformer connection can combination in any, and this does not all draw.
Figure 15 is single phase winding structure and the electric capacity position view of string modified tone pressure transformer low pressure splayed configuration coil.
Figure 16 is for compensating front current vector figure.
Figure 17 is compensation after-current vectogram.
1. AC voltage regulator in figure.
2. transformer primary side or secondary side winding when star or corner connection.
3. string modified tone pressure transformer voltage regulation coil (also can be lateral coil three times) and switch wire connection schematic diagram (in principle, switch has coarse adjustment effect, but also can cancel according to actual needs).
4. main transformer first siding ring.
5. string becomes first siding ring (also can be lateral coil three times).
6. string becomes second siding ring.
7. main transformer second siding ring.
8. resistive or resistance inductive load.
9. thyristor (power electronic element such as transistor).
10. diode.
11. capacitor groups.
Embodiment
Example 1:
A few electric equipments, resistance inductive load, when use simultaneously, when load is large, electrical network output voltage is 0.833.When using respectively, load hour line voltage is 1.25, and line voltage, electric equipment voltage request maintain 1, the impedance angle of system
.
One, transformer, three-phase, string modified tone pressure transformer, range of regulation 40%, joins positive-negative voltage-regulation switch, and main string becomes equal Yd11 joint group.Main transformer low pressure output constant voltage is U1=1, and string step-down is pressed maximum output voltage U2=0.2.Main transformer capacity is 1, and string varying capacity is 0.2, and string becomes high tension voltage, electric current independent assortment, only need equal to go here and there varying capacity.
One of AC voltage regulator, three phase ac controller Y connects, and high 1.414 times compared with voltage and three sides of string modified tone pressure transformer, current effective value is 2 or 3 times, three side electric currents of string modified tone pressure transformer (determining by total impedance), and the Thyristor Controlled delay angle that sets out is
, the thyristor angle of flow
, the impedance angle of system
.Trigger and adopt broad pulse or spike train.
Single-phase electric connection principle is shown in Fig. 9, and three-phase winding diagram is pressed Y, d11 combination, and this does not draw schematic diagram.
When line voltage is 0.833, when system needs ceiling voltage (transformer output capacity is 1.2):
Thyristor control angle
≤
transformer low voltage output voltage
=1
When line voltage is 1.25, when system needs minimum voltage (transformer output capacity is 0.8):
Thyristor control angle
=180 ° of transformer low voltage output voltages
=1
When line voltage is between 0.833-1.25 (transformer output capacity is 0.8～1.2):
System needs other voltages to press
adjust
with positive-negative voltage-regulation switch until transformer low voltage output voltage is 1 only:
Thyristor control angle
=0
≤
≤ 180 ° of transformer low voltage output voltages
1.
Example 2:
Capacity of transformer is 1, range of regulation 40%, positive-negative voltage-regulation, Yd11 joint group, string modified tone pressure transformer.
Low voltage parallel capacitor group is carried out power factor adjustment, and cosj=0.8 before compensation requires rear cosj=0.95 of compensation.
Single-phase electric connection principle is shown in Figure 10, and secondary winding and capacitor combination form are shown in Figure 11, secondary coil form and electric capacity position view 15.
U
21, U
22be respectively main transformer, string change secondary voltage, and ignore the leakage reactance of transformer.
Before compensation, current vector figure is Figure 16.
Before compensation, establishing power factor is: sinj=0.6, cosj=0.8
Equipment operating current I simultaneously
l=1
The real component I of operating current like this
r=0.8
The idle component I of operating current
q=0.6
The electric current flowing through in main transformer and string change secondary winding is the operating current I of electric furnace
l.
Compensation after-current vectogram is Fig. 8
Because compensation (electric capacity) electric current flows through main string, become secondary winding, therefore establish the size of the electric current in secondary winding after compensation and with its voltage U
21between vectorial angle will change.
If the operating current after compensation in electric furnace is still I
l=1, after compensation, the power factor of main transformer secondary winding is 0.95.
The electric current that main string becomes secondary winding becomes I
21=0.842
Electric current in compensation condenser should be I
c=0.3374
After compensation, transformer secondary capacity should be S
n21=0.842
Transformer secondary capacity loss value △ S after compensation
n21=0.158
The capacity of the compensation condenser now needing should be S
c=0.3374
After compensation, the required electromagnetic capacity of transformer secondary will be 84.2% left and right before not compensation like this, and while transformer capacity once also can reduce accordingly thus.
Because of range of regulation 40%, positive and negative tune form, therefore transformer capacity is S before compensation
n1
S
n1---capacity before transformer compensation
S
n11---before main transformer compensation, capacity is 0.8 S
n1
S
n12---before series transformer compensation, capacity is 0.2S
n1
S
N1=?S
N11+?S
N12=0.8?S
N1+0.2?S
N1
After compensation, transformer capacity is
S
n2---capacity after transformer compensation
S
n21---capacity after main transformer compensation
S
n22---capacity after series transformer compensation
S
N2=?S
N21+?S
N22=(0.8?S
N1+0.2?S
N1)×0.842=0.842?S
N1
Hence one can see that: add that exerting oneself of package unit after compensation can improve 16% left and right and in power factor, bring up to 0.95 o'clock transformer capacity and increase by 16%.
Claims (10)
1. the waveform that superposition another (or several) carries out voltage-regulation by AC voltage regulator on the sine wave of a constant voltage has the sinusoidal wave voltage of interruption to synthesize and power conditioning technology, the voltage that (or several) large I of superposition regulates continuously on a fixed voltage, resultant voltage smoothly stepless voltage regulation (the continuous similar sine wave of output voltage waveforms is by the voltage continuous sine wave section composition suddenly falling that skyrockets in any cycle, continuous sine wave section generally by a complete sinusoidal wave cycle the more sinusoidal wave cycle segment of the interruption of superposition sync rates form, wavy curve has voltage over zero as sine wave, no-voltage zero crossing interval, ripple factor is little), range of regulation can be between 0-100% high power AC regulated power supply system, when the art of this patent is used in the system that needs voltage stabilizing, can carry out power factor adjustment in output port (the seeing Figure 11-15) Shunt Capacitor Unit of series connection resultant voltage, high power AC stabilized voltage power supply comprises AC voltage regulator, string modified tone pressure transformer, Shunt Capacitor Unit composition, be applied to need reactive power compensation, that need voltage stabilizing, voltage need have level or stepless voltage regulation, require voltage waveform continuously without between discontinuity area, that need transformer capacity transfer, need fire prevention, need to anti-switching arc electric discharge resistive, resistance sense, capacitance-resistance sexual intercourse current load system in, can also be applied to various power system reactive powers and regulate, voltage need have in the systems such as the light adjusting, speed regualtion of AC motor, electric motor starting, electric furnace smelting (heating) of level or stepless voltage regulation, AC voltage regulator also can be used as high-speed response, oncontacting is revealed sub-connecting switch of transformer and used.
2. by being characterized as by two transformers of pressure transformer of string modified tone described in right 1, formed, one is main transformer (abbreviation main transformer), one is series transformer (being called for short string becomes), the secondary windings in series of two transformers (no matter needing or do not need to utilize the independent pressure regulation winding being arranged on main transformer to another transformer first side winding power supply) together, main transformer secondary winding voltage constant, string becomes secondary winding change in voltage, cause two secondary winding voltages that are cascaded to change, thereby change resultant voltage main, that string becomes secondary winding.
3. by its voltage-regulation principle feature of string modified tone pressure transformer described in right 2 is known, allly in secondary terminals, connect the voltage-regulation principle form of bunchiness modified tone pressure transformer or the synthetic voltage of voltage by two and above size variation, no matter by several transformers, in secondary side series connection, also belong to the string modified tone pressure transformer form that this patent defines.
By string modified tone pressure transformer described in right 2 be characterized as two homophase low pressure windings in series after form single-phase low pressure winding (can adopt head and the tail draw bail also can adopt 8 font loop constructions), when need three phase times, series voltage-regulating transformer low voltage winding can be designed to any connection set (comprising extend-triangle).
5. by being characterized as of AC voltage regulator described in right 1, adopt AC voltage adjusting circuit to be serially connected in modified tone pressure transformer three sides, AC voltage regulator be used as high-speed response, oncontacting is revealed sub-connecting switch of transformer use.
6. by the port that is characterized as capacitor group and is connected in parallel on string modified tone pressure transformer secondary outgoing line of Shunt Capacitor Unit described in right 1.
By being characterized as of capacitor group described in right 6 can be by capacitor, formed separately single-phase, three-phase structure.
8. being characterized as of capacitor group described in right 6, can be comprised of inductance series capacitor single-phasely, three-phase structure, adopts machinery or thyristor control switching function; Also can be static passive compensation device (SVC), comprise thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR) and thyristor switchable capacitor (TSC), and both mixing arrangements (TCR+TSC), or thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR) mixes the device (TCR+MSC) of use etc. with fixed capacitor (FC) or mechanical switched capacitor (MSC); As active compensation way, this does not all list other compensation ways of transformer.
9. by high power AC stabilized voltage power supply described in right 1, comprise AC voltage regulator, string modified tone pressure transformer, Shunt Capacitor Unit composition; Also can be comprised of AC voltage regulator, string modified tone pressure transformer, being used in electric grid secondary voltage needs in regulating system, become Adjustable Capacity, can stepless voltage regulation function AC power, also there is voltage stabilizing function simultaneously; Also can be formed by string modified tone pressure transformer, Shunt Capacitor Unit, be used in and need in constant system when line voltage, become there is reactive power compensation, the AC power of voltage stabilizing, increase-volume.
10. after can being AC voltage regulator and capacitor group tandem compound by the feature of Shunt Capacitor Unit described in right 1, be connected in parallel on a certain voltage port, the function with shunt capacitor in the situation that of network port change in voltage, maintains capacitor voltage at both ends substantially constant by AC voltage regulator pressure regulation.
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| CN201310727548.1A CN103762598A (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | High-power power compensation voltage-stabilization capacity-adjustment alternating current power source with stepless-voltage-adjustment arc extinction switch |
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| CN201310727548.1A CN103762598A (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | High-power power compensation voltage-stabilization capacity-adjustment alternating current power source with stepless-voltage-adjustment arc extinction switch |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107134348A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-05 | 国网江苏省电力公司南京供电公司 | A kind of distribution transformer voltage-regulating system |
| CN107611982A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2018-01-19 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | A kind of detection control circuit and method for bypass contactor |
| CN110061508A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-26 | 广西云涌科技有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving bypass stepless voltage regulator of low energy consumption |
| CN111404172A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州银湖电气设备有限公司 | Mixed type dynamic reactive power compensation system and method based on high-impedance transformer |
| US11735923B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2023-08-22 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Voltage regulation device that includes a converter for harmonic current compensation and reactive power management |
| US11747841B2 (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2023-09-05 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Current control apparatus |
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- 2013-12-26 CN CN201310727548.1A patent/CN103762598A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107134348A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-05 | 国网江苏省电力公司南京供电公司 | A kind of distribution transformer voltage-regulating system |
| CN107611982A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2018-01-19 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | A kind of detection control circuit and method for bypass contactor |
| CN107611982B (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2021-06-29 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | Detection control circuit and method for bypass contactor |
| US11747841B2 (en) | 2018-08-20 | 2023-09-05 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Current control apparatus |
| CN110061508A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-26 | 广西云涌科技有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving bypass stepless voltage regulator of low energy consumption |
| CN110061508B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2023-10-10 | 广西云涌科技有限公司 | Bypass stepless voltage regulating device |
| CN111404172A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-07-10 | 杭州银湖电气设备有限公司 | Mixed type dynamic reactive power compensation system and method based on high-impedance transformer |
| CN111404172B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-06-24 | 杭州银湖电气设备有限公司 | Mixed type dynamic reactive power compensation system and method based on high-impedance transformer |
| US11735923B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2023-08-22 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Voltage regulation device that includes a converter for harmonic current compensation and reactive power management |
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Application publication date: 20140430 |