CN103762496A - Astronomical optical frequency comb device based on all-solid femtosecond laser - Google Patents
Astronomical optical frequency comb device based on all-solid femtosecond laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an astronomical optical frequency comb device based on an all-solid femtosecond laser. The astronomical optical frequency comb device based on the all-solid femtosecond laser comprises the all-solid femtosecond laser, an optical fiber amplifier and a Fabry-Perot cavity filter, wherein the all-solid femtosecond laser is used for generating a first laser pulse sequence with first repetition frequency, a component with selected wavelength is contained in the first laser pulse sequence, the optical fiber amplifier is used for amplifying power of the first laser pulse sequence, the working wavelength of the optical fiber amplifier comprises the selected wavelength, the Fabry-Perot cavity filter is used for carrying out filter on the first laser pulse sequence to output a second laser pulse sequence with second repetition frequency, and the second repetition frequency is larger than the first repetition frequency. The astronomical optical frequency comb device based on the all-solid femtosecond laser is mainly used for carrying out high-precision calibration on high-resolution astronomical spectrometers. Compared with a traditional calibration mode and an astronomical optical comb calibration mode based on an optical fiber laser, the astronomical optical frequency comb device based on the all-solid femtosecond laser has lower phase noise and side-mode suppression and enables the astronomical spectrometer to obtain higher radial velocity accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrafast laser technique field, particularly relate to a kind of astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on all solid state femto-second laser.
Background technology
Along with the development of femtosecond laser technology, the fields such as the optical frequency com based on femtosecond laser is measured in precision spectroscopy, optical frequency standard, physics constant, the range finding of light comb all have a wide range of applications in recent years.Particularly in astronomical field, astronomer needs in the research of the high accuracy radial velocity carrying out terrestrial planet detection, cosmic expansion tachometric survey etc., need to a kind ofly can carry out to astronomical spectrometer the technology of high-accuracy wavelength calibration, astronomicalc optics frequency comb is exactly a kind of so suitable instrument.
Optical frequency com can be exported the light frequency of a series of separation with identical longitudinal mode spacing, just as a ruler, is well suited for doing the calibration tool of spectrometer.But at present the resolution performance of the astronomical spectrometer of high-resolution at 20GHz between 30GHz, the longitudinal mode spacing (complex frequency of weighing again) that is to say optical frequency com also will can be distinguished by astronomical spectrometer in this magnitude, and common optical frequency com repetition rate is to arrive 1GHz magnitude at MHz, therefore need to take certain technology to improve the repetition rate of optical frequency com.Conventionally adopt Fabry-Perot-type cavity (being called for short F-P chamber) filtering technique (referring to Theodore sizer, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, Vol25.No.1, (1989)), by the filtering that regulates the long realization in chamber in F-P chamber not mate longitudinal mode to seed optical frequency com, thereby raising longitudinal mode spacing, the astronomical light that obtains high repetition frequency is combed.This technology is widely adopted, and for improve astronomical optical frequency com after filtering spectrum narrowing effect, improve F-P chamber stability and improve limit mould and suppress, the scheme of a plurality of low fineness F-P chamber cascades is also suggested and has obtained applications well effect (referring to T.Steinmetz et al, Appl Phys B96 (2-3), (2010)).
At present typical astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can be divided into two classes, and a class is to adopt to mix Er or Yb fiber laser as the fiber optics frequency comb device in source, and another kind of is to adopt ti sapphire laser as all solid state optical frequency carding device in source.The former advantage is to compensate easily the loss that introduce in F-P chamber by amplifying, and therefore can adopt two-stage F-P chamber filters solutions; Shortcoming is to make an uproar mutually higher.The latter's advantage is to make an uproar mutually lower; Shortcoming is amplifying power simply, must adopt complicated amplifying device to amplify; And because the ti sapphire laser adopting in current astronomicalc optics frequency comb does not have amplifying unit, therefore cannot adopt two-stage F-P chamber filters solutions, cause the power of astronomicalc optics frequency comb very low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned defect that astronomicalc optics frequency comb of the prior art exists, a kind of astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on all solid state femto-second laser is provided.This device combines that all solid state optical frequency com is low makes an uproar and advantage that fiber optics frequency comb is easily amplified mutually, will become the astronomical spectrometer scaling system with the highest radial velocity certainty of measurement.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of astronomicalc optics frequency comb device, for the first optical frequency com being formed by a plurality of longitudinal modes with the first longitudinal mode spacing, as light comb seed source, form second optical frequency com with the second longitudinal mode spacing, and described the second longitudinal mode spacing is greater than described the first longitudinal mode spacing; Described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device comprises:
All solid state femto-second laser, for generation of first laser pulse sequence with the first repetition rate, comprises the composition of a selected wavelength in described the first laser pulse sequence; Wherein, by described the first laser pulse sequence, provide described the first optical frequency com;
Fiber amplifier, for the power of described the first laser pulse sequence is amplified, the operation wavelength of described fiber amplifier comprises described selected wavelength;
Fabry-perot tunable filter, for described the first laser pulse sequence is carried out to filtering, thereby output has the second laser pulse sequence of the second repetition rate; Wherein, described the second repetition rate is greater than described the first repetition rate, and provides described the second optical frequency com by described the second laser pulse sequence.
In one embodiment, described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can also comprise the first locking device, for described first repetition rate of described the first laser pulse sequence and carrier envelope phase drift thereof are locked to the first external signal reference source.
In one embodiment, described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can also comprise: tunable continuous wave laser, for a continuous laser is provided; With the second locking device, for regulating the frequency of described continuous laser and it being locked to the frequency of a selected longitudinal mode of described a plurality of longitudinal modes of described the first optical frequency com without compartment of terrain; Wherein, according to the locked frequency of described continuous laser, determine the frequency of the described selected longitudinal mode of described the first optical frequency com.
In one embodiment, described the second locking device can comprise signal projector, acousto-optic frequency shifters, photodetector and the second electronic lock circuitry phase, described signal projector is locked to a radio frequency reference source, for providing the driving signal of selected frequency to described acousto-optic frequency shifters; Described acousto-optic frequency shifters is for making described continuous laser produce the frequency displacement identical with described selected frequency size; Described photodetector produces after described frequency displacement the beat signal with the described selected longitudinal mode of described the first optical frequency com for surveying described continuous laser; Described the second electronic lock circuitry phase is for being locked to described selected frequency by described beat signal.
In one embodiment, described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can also comprise the 3rd locking device, for regulating and lock described fabry-perot tunable filter according to described continuous laser, so that the locked frequency of described continuous laser becomes the resonance frequency of described fabry-perot tunable filter.
In one embodiment, described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device can also comprise frequency changer, for described the second optical frequency com is carried out to spectrum conversion or expansion.
In one embodiment, the gain media of described all solid state femto-second laser can be selected from titanium gem crystal or mix the crystal of Yb, and/or the fiber medium of described fiber amplifier can be for mixing single mode or the doubly clad optical fiber of Yb.In one embodiment, described selected wavelength can be 1030nm.
In one embodiment, described fabry-perot tunable filter can comprise one or more levels Fabry-Perot-type cavity; Described Fabry-Perot-type cavity is comprised of two high reflective mirrors.
In one embodiment, described the first repetition rate can be selected from the scope of 200MHz-1GHz, and described the second repetition rate can be selected from the scope of 20GHz-30GHz.
The present invention at least has the following advantages:
1) according to the present invention, adopt laser pulse sequence that all solid state femtosecond pulse laser sends as seed, can obtain and there is the more optical frequency com of high repetition frequency.Like this, when repetition rate being increased to 20GHz for example to the level of 30GHz, can realize the astronomicalc optics frequency comb of low phase noise.Adopt the direct amplifying power of fiber amplifier, for the use in two-stage or multistage F-P chamber, provide possibility.The low fineness F-P cavity filter of two-stage replaces one-level high-fineness F-P cavity filter be conducive to the stable of system and keep transmitted spectrum width.
2) apparatus of the present invention combine at present general optical fiber astronomicalc optics frequency comb and the advantage of titanium jewel astronomicalc optics frequency comb, low make an uproar mutually seed and optical fiber are directly amplified in a device and realize simultaneously, by becoming, there is minimum visible ray astronomicalc optics frequency comb of making an uproar mutually.
3) the present invention can obtain high repetition frequency at output, high side mode suppression ratio, and wavelength covers the astronomicalc optics frequency comb of visible range, and its wavelength stability and reference source are suitable, and can stable for extended periods of time constant.
4) the present invention is mainly used in the high-accuracy wavelength calibration of the astronomical spectrometer of high-resolution, compare traditional calibration mode and the astronomicalc optics frequency comb calibration mode based on fiber laser, the present invention has lower phase noise and Bian Mo suppresses, can make astronomical spectrometer obtain higher radial velocity precision, thereby provide powerful for important astronomical researches such as terrestrial planet measurement, cosmic expansion tachometric surveys.
According to the detailed description to the specific embodiment of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings below, those skilled in the art will understand above-mentioned and other objects, advantage and feature of the present invention more.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Hereinafter in exemplary and nonrestrictive mode, describe specific embodiments more of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.In accompanying drawing, identical Reference numeral has indicated same or similar parts or part.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these accompanying drawings may not draw in proportion.In accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on all solid state femto-second laser according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on titanium jewel femto-second laser according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is that all solid state according to an embodiment of the invention femto-second laser is the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of mixing Yb crystal laser;
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively according to the filtering mode of the two-stage fiber amplifier of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of different embodiments of the invention;
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are respectively according to the frequency changer of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of different embodiments of the invention.
Embodiment
Astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of the present invention, for the first optical frequency com being formed by a plurality of longitudinal modes with the first longitudinal mode spacing, as light comb seed source, form second optical frequency com with the second longitudinal mode spacing, and the second longitudinal mode spacing is greater than the first longitudinal mode spacing.Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on complete solid state pulse laser according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of the present invention can comprise in general manner: complete solid state pulse laser 1011, fiber amplifier 102, continuous wave laser 1031, fabry-perot tunable filter 1041, the first locking device 1012, the second locking devices 1032 and the 3rd locking device 1042.
Complete solid state pulse laser 1011, for generation of first laser pulse sequence with the first repetition rate, comprises the composition of a selected wavelength in the first laser pulse sequence; The first laser pulse sequence is transformed to the first optical frequency com in frequency domain.The first locking device 1012 is for being locked to the first external signal reference source (not shown) by the first repetition rate 110 of the first laser pulse sequence and carrier envelope phase drift (CEO) 111 thereof.The locking relation of complete solid state pulse laser 1011 and the first locking device 1012 is as shown in block diagram 101.Fiber amplifier 102 is for amplifying the power of the first laser pulse sequence, and the operation wavelength of fiber amplifier comprises selected wavelength.Continuous wave laser 1031 is tunable, for a continuous laser is provided.The second locking device 1032 is for regulating the frequency of continuous laser and it being locked to the frequency of a selected longitudinal mode of a plurality of longitudinal modes of the first optical frequency com without compartment of terrain.Wherein, according to the locked frequency of continuous laser, determine the frequency of the selected longitudinal mode of the first optical frequency com.The locking relation of continuous wave laser 1031 and the second locking device 1032 is as shown in block diagram 103.Fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 is for the first laser pulse sequence is carried out to filtering, thereby output has the second laser pulse sequence of the second repetition rate; Wherein, the second repetition rate is greater than the first repetition rate, and provides the second optical frequency com by the second laser pulse sequence.The 3rd locking device 1042 is for regulate and lock fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 according to continuous laser, so that the locked frequency of continuous laser becomes the resonance frequency of fabry-perot tunable filter 1041.The locking relation of fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 and the 3rd locking device 1042 is as block diagram 104.Frequency changer 105, for carrying out spectrum conversion or expansion by the second optical frequency com.
Complete solid state pulse laser 1011 can be all solid state femto-second laser.All solid state femto-second laser have lowlyer make an uproar mutually, the feature of higher repetitive frequency, after amplification filtering, these features also can keep, and therefore can learn frequency comb for the daylight high-quality light comb seed source is provided.The gain media of all solid state femto-second laser can adopt the crystal of flat crystal or cut at Brewster angle, can be titanium gem crystal, mixes crystal or other crystal of Yb, such as being Yb:KGW crystal, Yb:YGG crystal or Yb:KYW crystal etc.All solid state femto-second laser provide femtosecond laser be preferably and comprise that wavelength is the laser pulse sequence of 1030nm.Laser pulse sequence locks the repetition rate of laser pulse sequence 110 and CEO111 and an external signal reference source as microwave reference source by the first locking device 1012.Microwave reference source can be caesium clock, hydrogen clock or rubidium clock etc.Fiber amplifier 102 can be comprised of the fiber medium of high power semiconductor pump, can directly to the laser pulse sequence of MHz～GHz magnitude, amplify.Wavelength for ultra-short pulse laser; the fiber medium of fiber amplifier can adopt monomode fiber directly to amplify; also can choose single mode or the doubly clad optical fiber of mixing Yb; more than 1030nm central wavelength is amplified to 1W by the power-efficient of laser pulse sequence, to compensate the energy loss of follow-up F-P chamber filtering.
Fabry-perot tunable filter 1041, after continuous laser and laser pulse sequence reach nonseptate locking completely, is determined that by continuous laser the chamber of fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 is long.By the 3rd locking device 1042, fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 and continuous laser are locked, thereby make by described fabry-perot tunable filter 1041, to improve repetition rate through the light pulse sequence of power amplification.Fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 is to expand by the filtering of some longitudinal mode is realized to longitudinal mode spacing, thereby improves repetition rate.Fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 can comprise single-stage or multiple-stage method Fabry-Perot-type cavity (corresponding single-section filter and multiple filter respectively).Fabry-Perot-type cavity can be comprised of two high reflective mirrors or concave mirror.The high-reflecting film that can be coated with on the surface of high reflective mirror is to ultrashort pulse zero dispersion.The chamber length of Fabry-Perot-type cavity can be the long 1/n in all solid state femto-second laser chamber, and the repetition rate that obtains filtered optical frequency com is n times of femtosecond laser repetition rate.In order to obtain high side mode suppression ratio, single-section filter requires the fineness high (being that lens reflecting rate is high) of Fabry-Perot-type cavity, and multiple filter adopts low fineness just can reach the limit mould inhibition of single-stage, the while can obtain being again greater than the spectral width that sees through of fine single-section filter.Therefore, adopt two-stage fabry-perot tunable filter more suitable.For two-stage and above filter, the requirement of lens reflecting rate can reduce, more than 85% reflectivity just can, the reduction of fineness in the adjusting of filter and stable, can also guarantee high side mode suppression ratio and wide transmitted spectrum scope effectively simultaneously.
The first locking device 1012, the second locking device 1032 and the 3rd locking device 1042 lock onto femtosecond laser respectively that external microwave reference source, continuous laser lock onto femtosecond laser, Fabry-Perot-type cavity locks onto continuous laser, thereby realize the closed-loop stabilization of whole optical frequency com, the steady in a long-term astronomicalc optics frequency comb output more than 20GHz that is greater than is provided.These three locking devices are all to control by electrical feedback the frequency stabilization that realizes whole astronomicalc optics frequency comb, the order of above-mentioned locking is first femtosecond laser to be locked onto to external microwave reference source, again continuous laser is locked onto on femtosecond laser, finally Fabry-Perot-type cavity is locked onto on continuous laser, thereby what guarantee finally to obtain is the frequency astronomicalc optics frequency comb to external microwave reference source steady in a long-term.
The course of work of astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of the present invention is exemplarily described below in conjunction with Fig. 1.
Repetition rate and the CEO of the femtosecond laser of complete solid state pulse laser 1011 outputs are locked onto on an external microwave clock simultaneously, here need two phase-locked loop circuits to control respectively repetition rate and CEO, locking means is identical with traditional optical frequency comb locking means.Femtosecond laser after locking with microwave clock is injected in fiber amplifier 102 as seed, can adopt Aspheric lenses coupler in optical fiber, after one or more levels fiber amplifier, femtosecond laser enters in fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 through a polarized light beam splitter (PBS) again.Continuous laser is locked onto on the femtosecond laser after locking with microwave clock, what extract here is the beat signal of continuous laser and femtosecond laser, this beat signal and external microwave clock are carried out to phase demodulation and obtain error signal, then error signal is carried out the controlled voltage of filtering through proportional integral loop again, this is controlled to the current drives control pumping light power that voltage is directly defeated by continuous laser pumping source, reach the object that continuous laser locks onto femtosecond laser.
Together be coupled in fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 by same PBS and femtosecond laser with the continuous laser after femtosecond laser locking.The F-P chamber of fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 is to realize the key component that repetition rate improves, can on two eyeglasses in F-P chamber, piezoelectric ceramic (PZT) be installed respectively, by external function generator, drive one of them PZT to do low-frequency sweep, this PZT controls the long actuator in F-P chamber as phase-locked loop simultaneously, and another vibration of being tens kHz provides locking required modulation.F-P chamber is locked onto on continuous laser, here be to utilize the PZT installing on the eyeglass of two, F-P chamber: a PZT is for modulated laser, another PZT is for scanning and locking, extract the continuous laser that sees through F-P chamber, through local oscillator modulation signal, demodulation obtains error signal, then error signal is carried out the controlled voltage of filtering through proportional integral loop again, the high-voltage drive that this control voltage is inputed to PZT is controlled the flexible of PZT, thereby drive the chamber in the flexible change of eyeglass F-P chamber long, reach the object that F-P chamber locks onto continuous laser.The eyeglass in a F-P chamber can be contained on translation stage, by regulating the chamber in translation stage adjustment F-P chamber long, make it to grow up to 1/n relation with the vibration chamber of all solid state femto-second laser 1011, the transmission peaks that obtains F-P chamber is that repetition rate is brought up to n femtosecond laser frequency comb doubly.Adjust continuous laser and femtosecond laser and make their conllinear in F-P chamber, can utilize the beat frequency of continuous laser and femtosecond laser to measure the absolute frequency of certain longitudinal mode of femtosecond laser, realize the wavelength scaling that continuous laser is astronomicalc optics frequency comb.After one-level F-P chamber filtering, when improving n times due to repetition rate after filtering, power becomes original 1/n, power for electrode compensation, filtering is carried out in the secondary F-P chamber of can again pulse being reinjected after fiber amplifier, the chamber length in secondary F-P chamber can determine according to the repetition rate of finally wanting to obtain, and it is proper that general astronomicalc optics frequency comb repetition rate is brought up to 20-30GHz.For the centre wavelength of astronomicalc optics frequency comb is transformed to from infrared, femtosecond laser after two stage filter is coupled into frequency changer 105, if power can pass through fiber amplifier and compression not, then focus in nonlinear crystal frequency multiplication and produce visible ray astronomicalc optics frequency comb, or be directly incident in highly nonlinear optical fiber spectrum is expanded to visible waveband.
Fig. 2 is that all solid state according to an embodiment of the invention femto-second laser is the optical frequency carding device of 5fs wide range titanium jewel femto-second laser.5fs wide range titanium jewel femto-second laser comprises pumping source 01, and by the 3rd plane mirror 10, the second plane mirror 09, the first plano-concave mirror 03, the resonant cavity that titanium jewel gain media 04, the second plano-concave mirror 05, the first plane mirror 06 and outgoing mirror 07 form.The locked mode mechanism of 5fs wide range titanium jewel femto-second laser is kerr lens mode locking, after meticulous dispersion compensation, realizes the 5fs wide range pulse of an octave spectral region that comprises 1030nm composition.The first locking device 1012 can comprise CEO sniffer 12, photodetector (PD) 11, the first electronic lock circuitry phases 1013, acousto-optic modulator (AOM) 02 and be arranged on the 3rd plane mirror 10 towards the PZT of the one side in resonant cavity outside.
The f-to-2f interferometric method that CEO sniffer 12 adopts is surveyed CEO signal.The first electronic lock circuitry phase 1013 is used for repetition rate and the CEO Frequency Locking of 5fs wide range titanium jewel femto-second laser.The pulse of 5fs wide range separates beam of laser through beam splitter 08, is incident to CEO sniffer 12.CEO sniffer 12 detects certain CEO signal (being for example greater than 35dB), and CEO signal is inputted in the first electronic lock circuitry phase 1013, by negative feedback control AOM02 by CEO semaphore lock to microwave reference signal (not shown), the stability of its stability and microwave reference signal is suitable.The repetition rate signal of in like manner photodetector (PD) 11 being surveyed is locked in stable microwave reference signal by the first electronic lock circuitry phase 1013, so just realize the closed loop locking of wide range titanium brilliancy comb, its stability is suitable with microwave reference signal stability.A part for the another beam of laser separating from beam splitter 08 arrives PBS16 through the 6th plane mirror 15.
Continuous wave laser is chosen for continuous conductor laser 22, and its tuning range is adjustable continuously in 980-1075nm, and its live width can be in 500kHz left and right.The output wavelength of continuous conductor laser 22 is selected the wavelength comprising in femtosecond laser, and for example can select wavelength is that 1040nm composition and femtosecond laser are done beat frequency.What beat frequency locking adopted is the second locking device 1032 and stable radio frequency reference source (not shown) two parts.The second locking device 1032 can comprise signal projector 20, acousto-optic frequency shifters (AOFS) 21, photodetector 19 and the second electronic lock circuitry phase 1033.Signal projector 20 is locked to an external radio frequency reference source, for providing the driving signal of selected frequency to acousto-optic frequency shifters 21.Acousto-optic frequency shifters 21 is for making continuous laser produce the frequency displacement identical with selecting frequency size.Photodetector 19 produces after frequency displacement the beat signal with the selected longitudinal mode of the first optical frequency com for surveying continuous laser.The second electronic lock circuitry phase 1033 is for being locked to beat signal selected frequency.Particularly, first signal generator 20 is locked on a stable radio frequency reference source, so just can guarantee to there is identical stability with radio frequency reference source, then the selected frequency of acousto-optic frequency shifters 21 is defeated by as the driving signal of 80MHz in radio frequency reference source, frequency from continuous laser out continuous conductor laser after AOFS21 is added/is subtracted 80MHz, through the 7th plane mirror 23, also together through 1/2nd slides 17, guarantee that it has identical polarization state, does beat frequency afterwards in PBS18 with optical frequency com conllinear in PBS16 again.PD19 gathers beat signal and is sent to the second electronic lock circuitry phase 1033, by the second electronic lock circuitry phase 1033, beat signal is locked onto on the radio frequency reference source of 80MHz, thereby continuous laser is locked onto on femtosecond laser.So just reach a certain broach of optical frequency com and continuous light continuously every locking.
On the basis of optical frequency com and beat frequency locking, near the spectral component 1030nm of optical frequency com is coupled in fiber amplifier 102, wherein the gain fibre of fiber amplifier 102 adopts the long single mode gain fibre of 12cm as pre-amplification, and then the main amplification of the long double clad gain fibre of process 3m, its power amplification is arrived to 2W.Femtosecond laser after amplification transmits by PBS14 conllinear with continuous laser after the 4th plane mirror 13 reflections, and then after the 5th plane mirror 24 reflections, is finally reached and is greater than 20GHz repetition rate simultaneously by fabry-perot tunable filter 1041.The Fabry-Perot-type cavity of fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 comprises high reflectance eyeglass and PZT two parts, and its median filter adopts flat-concave cavity, and its reflectivity is 99.5%, and plated film scope is at 1000-1100nm, and dispersion is 0fs
2, flat mirror diameter is 7.5mm, and concave mirror curvature is 500, and diameter is 12.7mm.Adopt ultraviolet glue that the level crossing of 7.5mm is bonded on ring-shaped P ZT.Continuous laser and fabry-perot tunable filter 1041 resonance signals, after PBS26, PD25 input the 3rd electronic lock circuitry phase 1043, are realized the long meticulous control in its chamber are finally reached to locking by the PZT on control Fabry-Perot-type cavity.What the 3rd electronic lock phase control circuit 1043 adopted is PDH lock mode, mainly comprises phase discriminator and proportion integration differentiation control circuit two parts.
From the optical frequency com of high repetition frequency out filter, after plane mirror 27,28 reflections, enter the output that frequency changer 105 is realized the visible astronomicalc optics frequency comb of wide range.Frequency changer 105 comprises fiber amplifier 29, lens 30, nonlinear crystal 31, lens 32.The parameter of fiber amplifier 29 can be identical with fiber amplifier 102, and optical frequency com power amplification is arrived to 2W.That nonlinear crystal 31 adopts is BBO, thereby realizes near visible ray 500nm.So just realize a complete astronomicalc optics frequency comb based on titanium jewel femtosecond laser.Three electronic lock circuitry phases in Fig. 2 are all to control by electrical feedback the frequency stabilization that realizes whole astronomical light comb, and these three electronic lock circuitry phases form basic identical, all comprise phase demodulation, proportional integral loop and three parts of actuation control.
Fig. 3 is that all solid state according to an embodiment of the invention femto-second laser is the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of mixing Yb crystal laser.In this embodiment, except all solid state femto-second laser difference, all the other are identical with the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device shown in Fig. 2.Part shown in Fig. 3 is equivalent to the block diagram 101 in Fig. 2.
In Fig. 3, adopt all solid state Yb:YGG femtosecond laser frequency comb to replace the wide range titanium jewel optical frequency com in Fig. 2, form a stylobate in the new astronomical astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of Yb:YGG femto-second laser.As shown in Figure 3, all solid state Yb:YGG femto-second laser comprises LD pumping source 33, and by output coupling mirror 38, the Siping City's concave mirrors 36, Yb:YGG crystal 35, the three plano-concave mirrors 34, plane mirror 40, the resonant cavity that plane mirror 10 forms.All solid state Yb:YGG femto-second laser adopts the kerr lens mode locking of Yb:YGG crystal, and its emission spectrum composition comprises the femtosecond laser composition of 1030nm, and its dispersion mainly adopts the compensation of GTI mirror, and it is operated near zero dispersion area.From the femtosecond laser of resonant cavity outgoing, by speculum 39, be delivered to CEO sniffer 12.CEO sniffer 12 is identical with the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 with the first electronic lock circuitry phase 1013.Adopting the first electronic lock circuitry phase 1013 that CEO sniffer 12 is measured to the repetition rate that CEO and PD37 record is locked in stable signal source.So just realize a stable astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on Yb:YGG femto-second laser.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively the filtering modes of two-stage fiber amplifier of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of two embodiment according to the present invention.Fig. 4 a first adopts first fiber amplifier 102 that the power amplification of the laser pulse sequence of complete solid state pulse laser 1011 generations is arrived to 2W, then through first order fabry-perot tunable filter 1041, obtain 4.5GHz repetition rate, then by space optical coupling to the second fiber amplifier 102, power amplification being arrived to 2W left and right, through second level fabry-perot tunable filter 1041, obtain the optical frequency com output that repetition rate is greater than 20GHz subsequently.Laser pulse sequence in Fig. 4 b arrives its power amplification after about 5W through two-stage fiber amplifier continuously, then successively through the first order and second level fabry-perot tunable filter (being equivalent to secondary fabry-perot tunable filter), obtains the optical frequency com output that repetition rate is greater than 20GHz.For two kinds of above-mentioned filtering modes, can realize the optical frequency com output based on all solid state femto-second laser.
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are respectively the frequency changers of the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device of two embodiment according to the present invention.Frequency changer shown in Fig. 5 a is that the optical frequency com of filtered high repetition frequency is amplified to 15W left and right through fiber amplifier 29 by luminous power, and then adopt grating pair 41,42 paired pulses to compress, then in BBO nonlinear crystal 32, realize the spectrum output of the high repetition frequency of 500nm, finally adopt high non-linear photon crystal optical fiber to carry out broadening to 43,44 spectrum.Frequency changer shown in Fig. 5 b is that the optical frequency com of filtered high repetition frequency is amplified to 15W left and right through fiber amplifier 29 by luminous power, adopt again grating pair 41,42 paired pulses to compress, then directly through high non-linear photon crystal optical fiber, to 43,44, carry out spectrum widening, make its broadening to visible light wave range.These two kinds of modes can realize the frequency translation from infrared light to visible ray.Frequency changer in Fig. 2 105 can be replaced with to any frequency changer shown in Fig. 5, all can realize the frequency inverted of the astronomical light comb based on all solid state femto-second laser.
So far, those skilled in the art will recognize that, although detailed, illustrate and described a plurality of exemplary embodiment of the present invention herein, but, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can directly determine or derive many other modification or the modification that meets the principle of the invention according to content disclosed by the invention.Therefore, scope of the present invention should be understood and regard as and cover all these other modification or modifications.
Claims (9)
1. the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device based on all solid state femto-second laser, for the first optical frequency com being formed by a plurality of longitudinal modes with the first longitudinal mode spacing, as light comb seed source, form second optical frequency com with the second longitudinal mode spacing, and described the second longitudinal mode spacing is greater than described the first longitudinal mode spacing; Described astronomicalc optics frequency comb device comprises:
All solid state femto-second laser, for generation of first laser pulse sequence with the first repetition rate, comprises the composition of a selected wavelength in described the first laser pulse sequence; Wherein, by described the first laser pulse sequence, provide described the first optical frequency com;
Fiber amplifier, for the power of described the first laser pulse sequence is amplified, the operation wavelength of described fiber amplifier comprises described selected wavelength;
Fabry-perot tunable filter, for described the first laser pulse sequence is carried out to filtering, thereby output has the second laser pulse sequence of the second repetition rate; Wherein, described the second repetition rate is greater than described the first repetition rate, and provides described the second optical frequency com by described the second laser pulse sequence.
2. astronomicalc optics frequency comb device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise the first locking device, for described first repetition rate of described the first laser pulse sequence and carrier envelope phase drift thereof are locked to the first external signal reference source.
3. astronomicalc optics frequency comb device according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, also comprises: tunable continuous wave laser, for a continuous laser is provided; With the second locking device, for regulating the frequency of described continuous laser and it being locked to the frequency of a selected longitudinal mode of described a plurality of longitudinal modes of described the first optical frequency com without compartment of terrain; Wherein, according to the locked frequency of described continuous laser, determine the frequency of the described selected longitudinal mode of described the first optical frequency com.
4. astronomicalc optics frequency comb device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, also comprise the 3rd locking device, for regulating and lock described fabry-perot tunable filter according to described continuous laser, so that the locked frequency of described continuous laser becomes the resonance frequency of described fabry-perot tunable filter.
5. according to the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, also comprise frequency changer, for described the second optical frequency com is carried out to spectrum conversion or expansion.
6. according to the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device described in any one in claim 1-5; it is characterized in that; the gain media of described all solid state femto-second laser is selected from titanium gem crystal or mixes the crystal of Yb, and/or the fiber medium of described fiber amplifier is to mix single mode or the doubly clad optical fiber of Yb.
7. astronomicalc optics frequency comb device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described selected wavelength is 1030nm.
8. according to the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device described in any one in claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, described fabry-perot tunable filter comprises one or more levels Fabry-Perot-type cavity; Described Fabry-Perot-type cavity is comprised of two high reflective mirrors.
9. according to the astronomicalc optics frequency comb device described in any one in claim 1-8, it is characterized in that, described the first repetition rate is selected from the scope of 200MHz-1GHz, and described the second repetition rate is selected from the scope of 20GHz-30GHz.
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