CN103759806A - Polarization control device of optical fiber disturbance system - Google Patents
Polarization control device of optical fiber disturbance system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103759806A CN103759806A CN201410055637.0A CN201410055637A CN103759806A CN 103759806 A CN103759806 A CN 103759806A CN 201410055637 A CN201410055637 A CN 201410055637A CN 103759806 A CN103759806 A CN 103759806A
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Abstract
The invention provides a polarization control device applied to a distribution optical fiber disturbance positioning system. The polarization control device of the optical fiber disturbance system comprises a double Mzch-Zehnder interferometer which is composed of a sensing optical cable, an optical fiber coupler, a circulator, an optical fiber and a light source. The double Mzch-Zehnder interferometer and an optical fiber fence are erected on the periphery of a security and protection zone together. The anti-polarization and degeneration capacity of the system can be effectively improved by means of the device and influences on the disturbance positioning precision of the system by double refraction of a single mode optical fiber are eliminated to a large extent. The simulated annealing algorithm applied in the polarization control device is a method for getting a globally optimal solution to a non-linear planning problem, has good global optimum searching performance and high rate of convergence, and can effectively solve a false convergence problem based on a gradient method in the past.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensing and detection technique device, especially a kind of optical fiber disturbance system polarized controller that is applied to critical facility or region optical fiber perimeter security protection.
Background technology
Along with the enhancing of scientific and technological development and people's security protection consciousness, developing the perimeter security system that a kind of investigative range is large, energy consumption is little, cost is low becomes a necessary and problem in the urgent need to address.Distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system relies on it highly sensitive, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), without advantages such as power supplies, at safety-security areas such as military defense, financial protection, energy security, community's securities, had application widely, and also will have vast application prospect in future.
One of necessary condition of produce interfering due to light wave is exactly that to participate in the light vector direction of vibration of interference identical, has identical polarization direction component.The optical fiber that actual perturbed system adopts is general single mode fiber, and due to the birefringent characteristic of single-mode fiber, light wave enters optical fiber rear polarizer state and can change, and causes the polarization state of line polarisation to be degenerated.At sensory field, this can cause visibility of interference fringes to reduce, and even interference fringe disappears, so system is declined greatly to the positioning precision of disturbance.
Although use polarization maintaining optical fibre can keep polarisation of light state constant, because laying distance, the optical fiber of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system generally all reaches tens kilometers, and use polarization maintaining optical fibre can make system cost too high.Therefore, in actual applications, we must take in another kind of means countermeasure system polarisation of light to degenerate, and the polarization state of compensating light changes, thereby it is inaccurate to eliminate as much as possible the system location that the birefringent characteristic of single-mode fiber causes.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of optical fiber disturbance system polarized controller, with this device, adjust the flashlight polarization state in distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system one arm, the flashlight polarization state in the keeping system of can trying one's best two arms is consistent, thereby improves the positioning precision of system.
Technical scheme
Technical solution of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprise and be erected at the sensing optic cable 7 of security protection area peripheral edge and by fiber coupler 2 together with fiber fence, 401, 402 and circulator 301, 302 with optical fiber 701, optical fiber 702, span that light source 1 forms is conspicuous-Zeng De (Mach-Zehnder) fibre optic interferometer, it is characterized in that Polarization Controller 5 and phase-modulator 6 are serially connected in respectively on optical fiber 701 and 702, optical fiber 701, 702 by the parallel fiber coupler 401 that is connected on, among 402, circulator 301 is connected between fiber coupler 401 and fiber coupler 2, circulator 302 is connected between fiber coupler 402 and 2, wherein circulator 301, 302 are connected on the same end of fiber coupler 2, light source 1 is connected to the other end of fiber coupler 2 by optical fiber, circulator 301, 302 outputs connect respectively photodetector 801, 802, this two photoelectric detector 801 is connected respectively signal processing module 12 with photoelectric detector 802, signal processing module 12 outputs connect Polarization Controller 6 and phase-modulator 5.
Signal processing module [12] is comprised of data collecting card [9], computing machine [10] and single-chip microcomputer [11], photodetector [801], [802] output access data capture card [9], data collecting card [9] output connects computing machine [10], computing machine [10] is connected with single-chip microcomputer [11], and single-chip microcomputer [11] output connects Polarization Controller [5].
Wherein said laser instrument 1 is continuous mono-colour laser.
Described photodetector 801, photodetector 802, signal processing module 12, Polarization Controller 6, phase-modulator 5 Jun You cities pin products are available.
The principle that realizes of the present invention is:
In Polarization Control, with the difference of the two paths of signals that in distributed optical fiber vibration sensing system, two detectors receive, (two paths of signals difference is less, similarity is better, the degree of correlation is higher) as feedback signal, be the desired value of algorithm, so the optimum solution of objective function is the impressed voltage value of the hour the most corresponding Polarization Controller of two paths of signals difference.It is minimum that two paths of signals difference is tending towards under the effect of algorithm, stops search, and magnitude of voltage corresponding to optimum solution write to Polarization Controller, thereby complete Polarization Control process when two paths of signals difference meets stopping criterion for iteration.
The flow process of this polarization control method is as follows:
The first, the sine wave of applying certain frequency and amplitude to phase-modulator on sensor-based system one arm, as with reference to signal.
Whether the difference that the second, judges in distributed optical fiber disturbance positioning system the two paths of signals that two detectors receive is greater than the threshold value setting, if difference is greater than threshold value, computer runs programs, utilize simulated annealing to search for the optimum voltage value being applied on Polarization Controller, thereby realize Polarization Control.
Beneficial effect:
At present, most distributed optical fiber disturbance positioning system, owing to not carrying out Polarization Control, causes positioning precision poor.The present invention proposes a kind of polarized controller for distributed optical fiber disturbance positioning system.Adopt this device can effectively improve the anti-polarization degeneration ability of system, and eliminate to a great extent the impact of single-mode fiber birefringence on the disturbances location precision of system.The simulated annealing that this device is used is a kind of method of asking for globally optimal solution in nonlinear programming problem, there is good global optimum search performance, and also there is higher speed of convergence, can effectively solve the original false convergence problem based on gradient method.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is optical fiber disturbance system polarized controller schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the two paths of signals that does not carry out Polarization Control of distributed optical fiber disturbance positioning system collection;
Fig. 3 is the Polarization Control two paths of signals of system acquisition afterwards;
Fig. 4 is Polarization Control algorithm search schematic diagram;
In figure, the 1st, laser instrument, 2,401 and 402 is coupling mechanisms, 301 and 302 is optical circulators, the 701st, sensor fibre F1 in optical cable, the 702nd, sensor fibre F2 in optical cable, 801 photodetector D1,802 photodetector D2, the 5th, Polarization Controller, the 6th,
birefringent phase modulator, the 7th, sensing optic cable, the 9th, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, the 10th, computing machine, the 11st, capture card.
embodiment 1: for the polarized controller of distributed optical fiber disturbance positioning system
As shown in Figure 1, this device comprises:
Laser instrument 1, coupling mechanism 2,401 and 402, optical circulator 301 and 302, sensing optic cable 7, photodetector 801 and 802.
Extrusion pressing type Polarization Controller 5: have four directions of extrusion and become
staggered squeezer, is used the first two optical fiber squeezer wherein in control procedure, the voltage that two squeezers is applied to various combination can carry out different modulation to the polarization state of input light wave, thus the light wave of output different polarization states.Polarization Controller is added in to a wherein road of basic distributed optical fiber sensing system sensor fibre, by modulating the polarization state of this road light signal, realizes Polarization Control;
Data collecting card (DAQ Card) 11: the voltage signal to two photodetector 18a and 18b gathers, and send into computing machine and process.
Computing machine (PC) 10: realize the processing of the collection signal that data collecting card is sent into by the software programming in computing machine, to realize the iterative search of best modulation voltage, and the best modulation voltage searching is fed back to Polarization Controller and phase-modulator by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system.
Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (MCU) 9: by communicating with computing machine, output digit signals is directly controlled Polarization Controller; Sine wave output signal, modulates phase-modulator.
embodiment 2: polarization control method
As shown in Figure 1, the light signal of sensor fibre one arm is input in Polarization Controller, and after Polarization Control, two-way interference signal enters respectively two detectors, and data collecting card gathers two paths of signals and signal is sent into computing machine.The software algorithm of computer-internal is adjusted the position vector of each particle in Chaos particle swarm optimization algorithm according to the degree of correlation of fed back two-way interference signal, change each position vector corresponding be applied to the magnitude of voltage on Polarization Controller squeezer.The polarization state of Polarization Controller incident light wave is carried out stepless control and utilized feedback signal to carry out optimal value search, until the degree of correlation of two paths of signals corresponding to feedback signal stops while meeting search end condition.
Below to the system shown in Fig. 1, in conjunction with the search routine shown in Fig. 4, the impact on system accuracy of polarization control method based on annealing algorithm is described:
Several parameters in annealing algorithm are set as respectively: initial temperature TI=1, final temperature TE=0.05, temperature damping factor alpha=0.5, for the poor C of the optimum two paths of signals with the poor comparison of optimal polarization two paths of signals optimum=0.01, initial state renewal function is got a radius R=100, interior cycle index n=20, gets radius R '=10 for the second time.Adjust thus polarization state.
The Polarization Control of table one based on annealing algorithm affects experimental data (unit: m) to system accuracy
| ? | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| Do not regulate polarization | 360 | 360 | 360 | 360 | 174.9 | 360 | 174.9 |
| Regulate polarization | 123.4 | 123.4 | 123.4 | 123.4 | 133.7 | 123.4 | 133.7 |
| 8 | 9 | 10 | Actual value | Mean deviation | Maximum deviation | ? | ? |
| 174.9 | 360 | 360 | 128.6 | 175.9 | 231.4 | ? | ? |
The position of the disturbance applying in known experiment is 128.6m, and from experimental result, when not adjusting polarization state, the mean value of location is 304.5m, and known positioning precision while not adjusting polarization state is more than 176m; After adjusting polarization state, the mean value of positioning result is 137.8m, and positioning precision is now in 10m.Can find the positioning precision nearly 130m that risen.As can be seen here, add Polarization Control and can make system more accurate to the location of disturbance, thereby system has been played to the effect of optimizing.
In simulated annealing, in initial temperature TI, temperature damping's constant alpha, state renewal function peek radius R and the parameter such as interior cycle index n be determined by experiment its value.
1, initial temperature TI
Initial temperature TI, final temperature TE and temperature damping's constant alpha are restrictions mutually, therefore should consider.This experiment changes TI, and the selection of other several parameters is respectively: TE=0.01, α=0.5, C optimum=0.02, R=100, n=30.(optimum two paths of signals is poor for convergence effect last in experiment
) with convergence time as shown in following table two.
When changing initial temperature TI, table two restrains effect and convergence time experimental data
| C B | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | On average | t |
| T I=0.2 | 0.0455441 | 0.0309543 | 0.0386342 | 0.0495051 | 0.0340284 | 0.03973322 | 20s |
| T I=0.5 | 0.0565112 | 0.0664027 | 0.0312667 | 0.0667577 | 0.024546 | 0.04909686 | 24.8s |
| T I=1 | 0.024829 | 0.045174 | 0.0351302 | 0.0296336 | 0.0231083 | 0.03157502 | 27s |
By experimental data, can be found out, initial temperature TI is larger, and convergence effect is better, but convergence time rising, even program cannot be moved afterwards.The above experimental result of Comprehensive Correlation, considers convergence effect and time used, and while getting initial temperature TI=1, experiment effect is best.
2, temperature damping's constant alpha
Temperature damping's constant alpha has reflected the rate of decay of temperature.This experiment changes α, and the selection of other several parameters is respectively: TI=1, TE=0.01, C optimum=0.02, R=100, n=30.The convergence effect that experiment obtains and convergence time are as shown in following table three.
When changing temperature damping's constant alpha, table three restrains effect and convergence time experimental data
| C B | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | On average | t |
| α=0.2 | 0.0283965 | 0.0501971 | 0.0452508 | 0.0449461 | 0.0327374 | 0.04030558 | 12.5s |
| α=0.5 | 0.024829 | 0.045174 | 0.0351302 | 0.0296336 | 0.0231083 | 0.03157502 | 27s |
| α=1 | 0.0324687 | 0.0420882 | 0.0257653 | 0.0302355 | 0.0285679 | 0.03182512 | 1min20s |
By experimental data, can be found out, within the specific limits, temperature damping's constant alpha is larger, and cooling rate is slower, but corresponding quality of separating is higher.The above experimental result of Comprehensive Correlation, the quality of separating when α increases does not significantly improve, but the time had remarkable rising, therefore in experiment, get α=0.5 proper.
3, peek radius R
Peek radius R in state renewal function has determined the hunting zone of state X.Therefore, when R too hour, program can not search whole solution space, can cause returning be local optimum value rather than overall optimum value; And when R is too large, can cause program to move.This experiment changes R, and the selection of other several parameters is respectively: TI=1, TE=0.01, C optimum=0.02, α=0.5, n=30.The convergence effect that experiment obtains and convergence time are as shown in following table four.
When changing peek radius R, table four restrains effect and convergence time experimental data
| C B | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | On average | t |
| R=10 | 0.117228 | 0.0844735 | 0.117081 | 0.054626 | 0.0660967 | 0.08790104 | 28.4s |
| R=50 | 0.0873674 | 0.0358196 | 0.11275 | 0.0420517 | 0.0436244 | 0.06432262 | 27.8s |
| R=100 | 0.024829 | 0.045174 | 0.0351302 | 0.0296336 | 0.0231083 | 0.03157502 | 27s |
By experimental data, can be found out, the R effect of more having a bowel movement is better, and the spent time is fewer, causes sometimes program to be difficult to operation at 100 o'clock, so in this experiment, get R=100 but R is greater than.
4, interior cycle index n
The n inside looping is more, and the solution space that program is searched for is larger, and the time consuming longer simultaneously.This experiment changes n, and the selection of other several parameters is respectively: TI=1, TE=0.01, C optimum=0.02, α=0.5, R=100.The convergence effect that experiment obtains and convergence time are as shown in following table five.
When changing interior cycle index n, table five restrains effect and convergence time experimental data
| C B | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | On average | t |
| n=20 | 0.0699163 | 0.0518094 | 0.0398634 | 0.0287355 | 0.0440567 | 0.04687626 | 19.8s |
| n=30 | 0.024829 | 0.045174 | 0.0351302 | 0.0296336 | 0.0231083 | 0.03157502 | 27s |
| n=40 | 0.0302194 | 0.0308112 | 0.0382326 | 0.0327123 | 0.0274071 | 0.03187652 | 36.5s |
By experimental result, can be found out, as n, too hour experiment effect is bad, and when n is too large, program cannot be moved.Consider the factors such as convergence effect, time and program quality, desirable n=30.
Therefore show that by experiment the optimum value of these parameters is respectively: TI=1, TE=0.01, C optimum=0.02, α=0.5, R=100, n=30.
Claims (3)
1. an optical fiber disturbance system polarized controller, this device comprises and is erected at the sensing optic cable of security protection area peripheral edge and by fiber coupler 1 together with fiber fence, fiber coupler 2, fiber coupler 3 and circulator 1, circulator 2 and optical fiber 1, optical fiber 2, span that light source forms is conspicuous-moral fibre optic interferometer once, it is characterized in that Polarization Controller and phase-modulator are serially connected in respectively on optical fiber 1 and optical fiber 2, optical fiber 1, optical fiber 2 is by the parallel fiber coupler 2 that is connected on, among fiber coupler 3, circulator 1 is connected between fiber coupler 2 and fiber coupler 3, and circulator 2 is connected between fiber coupler 3 and 1, and wherein circulator 1, circulator 2 is connected on the same end of fiber coupler 1, and light source is connected to the other end of fiber coupler 1, circulator 1 by optical fiber, circulator 2 outputs connect respectively photodetector 1, photodetector 2, photoelectric detector 1 is connected respectively signal processing module with photoelectric detector 2, and signal processing module output connects Polarization Controller and phase-modulator.
2. optical fiber disturbance system polarized controller according to claim 1, it is characterized in that signal processing module is comprised of data collecting card, computing machine and single-chip microcomputer, photodetector 1, photodetector 2 output access data capture cards, data collecting card output connects computing machine, computing machine is connected with single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer output connects Polarization Controller.
3. optical fiber disturbance system polarized controller according to claim 1, is characterized in that described laser instrument is continuous mono-colour laser.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104457961A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-03-25 | 天津理工大学 | Optical fiber sensing device measuring vibration waveform and vibration position simultaneously and sensing method thereof |
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