CN103759456A - Heat exchange system of air conditioner or heat pump and defrosting method of heat exchange system - Google Patents
Heat exchange system of air conditioner or heat pump and defrosting method of heat exchange system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103759456A CN103759456A CN201410041118.9A CN201410041118A CN103759456A CN 103759456 A CN103759456 A CN 103759456A CN 201410041118 A CN201410041118 A CN 201410041118A CN 103759456 A CN103759456 A CN 103759456A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat exchange system of an air conditioner or a heat pump. The heat exchange system comprises a compressor, an indoor heat exchanger, a first throttling element and outdoor heat exchangers. The first throttling element is arranged close to the outdoor heat exchangers. A draught fan is arranged at the outdoor heat exchangers. The outdoor heat exchangers comprise the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger, and the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger can carry out switching between an evaporator mode and a condenser mode. One end of the first outdoor heat exchanger and one end of the second outdoor heat exchanger are connected with the compressor or the indoor heat exchanger through controllable solenoid valves respectively. The other end of the first outdoor heat exchanger and the other end of the second outdoor heat exchanger are connected with each other through control valves or connected with the indoor heat exchanger through the control valves. When the first outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the second outdoor heat exchanger, the first throttling element is arranged between the two outdoor heat exchangers in series. The invention further discloses a defrosting method based on the heat exchange system. The heat exchange system can keep indoor heating supply in the defrosting process, and the indoor comfort is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat-exchange system, be specifically related to heat-exchange system and the Defrost method thereof of a kind of air-conditioning or heat pump.
Background technology
Heat pump air conditioner is widely used in contemporary family, the course of normal operation of heat pump air conditioner is, compressor is discharged high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant (one of heat transferring medium) steam to indoor heat exchanger, utilize the condensation heat of refrigerant vapour to indoor heating, cold-producing medium from indoor heat exchanger out, through expansion valve, reach outdoor heat exchanger, from outdoor heat exchanger heat absorption evaporation.But in the winter time, heat pump air conditioner is when heating, easily there is frost in outdoor heat exchanger surface, affects heating performance of air conditioner, when serious, can cause air-conditioner normally to move, therefore, when the operation that must defrost after outdoor heat exchanger frosting to a certain extent.
The most effective the most common Defrost method is hot gas cycle in the market, during hot gas cycle defrosting, adopt cross valve commutation that outdoor heat exchanger is converted to condenser working pattern by original evaporator operation pattern temporarily, indoor heat exchanger is converted to evaporator operation pattern by original condenser working pattern simultaneously, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant steam condensing heat release that utilizes compressor to discharge to outdoor heat exchanger defrosts, after defrosting finishes, again press heating mode operation.But the shortcoming of the method is to suspend to indoor heating in defrost process, even also with indoor absorption heat, be used for defrosting, have a strong impact on indoor comfort level; In addition, under clammy weather environment, easily occur the situation of defrosting repeatedly, system is forced between defrosting and heating mode switchover operation repeatedly, greatly reduces indoor comfort and declines, and affected the service life of system.
The application principle of heat pump water heater and shortcoming and above-mentioned heat pump air conditioner are identical.
Above-mentionedly by cross valve, switch and carry out the method that mode of operation defrosts, when defrosting starts and finish, system is wanted inverted running, the liquid refrigerant gathering in former condenser is poured into compressor in a large number because pressure is reduced to pressure of inspiration(Pi) suddenly, easily cause liquid hit phenomenon, thereby affect the service life of compressor and system.
In addition, there is the situation that is provided with multiple outdoor heat exchangers in existing heat pump air conditioner or heat pump water heater, but multiple outdoor heat exchangers wherein are generally set up in parallel, and has each other impact, reduces the effect that heats and defrost.
Except the Defrost method of above-mentioned hot gas cycle, many other Defrost technologies are also disclosed now, still, and most of complex structure wherein, cost is higher, and is difficult to realize.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide heat-exchange system and the Defrost method thereof of a kind of air-conditioning or heat pump, can be in the situation that not affecting indoor heating, realize the defrosting operation of outdoor heat exchanger.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A heat-exchange system for air-conditioning or heat pump, comprises compressor, indoor heat exchanger, first throttle element, outdoor heat exchanger;
Described first throttle element is near outdoor heat exchanger setting;
Described outdoor heat exchanger place is provided with blower fan;
Described outdoor heat exchanger comprises the first outdoor heat exchanger and second outdoor heat exchanger that can between evaporator mode and condenser modes, switch;
One end of described the first outdoor heat exchanger, the second outdoor heat exchanger connects compressor or indoor heat exchanger by controllable electromagnetic valve respectively, and the other end of the first outdoor heat exchanger, the second outdoor heat exchanger is connected by control valve or connects indoor heat exchanger;
When the first outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the second outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle element is connected between the two.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described indoor heat exchanger two ends are parallel with fault control valve.Preferably, the position of fault control valve is near outdoor heat exchanger, can greatly shorten the closed circuit of cold-producing medium, when wanting quickly defrosting, changeable fault control valve makes indoor heat exchanger two terminal shortcircuits, thereby make the heat providing as the outdoor heat exchanger of evaporimeter all for defrosting, accelerate the progress of defrosting.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described compressor place is provided with the cross valve of the refrigerant flow direction for changing compressor discharge, by cross valve, change the flow direction of cold-producing medium, switch the mode of operation of indoor heat exchanger and outdoor heat exchanger simultaneously, can realize the function of indoor refrigeration.
Further, be also provided with second section fluid element between described indoor heat exchanger and outdoor heat exchanger, described second section fluid element is near indoor heat exchanger setting.In heat-exchange system, restricting element is near the heat exchanger setting of evaporator mode, and cold-producing medium directly enters the heat exchanger of evaporator mode after by restricting element, and the effect of acquisition is best.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described restricting element is capillary or expansion valve.Further, before restricting element, be preferably provided with device for drying and filtering, further improve cold-producing medium by the expansion effect after restricting element.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger are comprised of at least one group of heat exchanger tube.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger are set up in parallel, or are arranged on same straight line according to its long side direction, or are V-shape arrangement.
A kind of Defrost method based on above-mentioned heat-exchange system, it is characterized in that, when the first outdoor heat exchanger need to defrost, the first outdoor heat exchanger is condenser modes, the second outdoor heat exchanger is evaporator mode, controllable electromagnetic valve switches makes the first outdoor heat exchanger directly connect indoor heat exchanger, and the first outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle element and the second outdoor heat exchanger are connected successively, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant of discharging from compressor first passes through indoor heat exchanger, then through switching to the first outdoor heat exchanger heat release defrosting of condenser modes, after first throttle element, enter again the second outdoor heat exchanger heat absorption evaporation in evaporator mode, the refrigerant vapour being evaporated enters compressor and forms a circulation,
When the second outdoor heat exchanger need to defrost, the second outdoor heat exchanger is condenser modes, the first outdoor heat exchanger is evaporator mode, controllable electromagnetic valve switches makes the second outdoor heat exchanger directly connect indoor heat exchanger, and the second outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle element and the first outdoor heat exchanger are connected successively, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant of discharging from compressor first passes through indoor heat exchanger, then through switching to the second outdoor heat exchanger heat release defrosting of condenser modes, after first throttle element, enter again the first outdoor heat exchanger heat absorption evaporation in evaporator mode, the refrigerant vapour being evaporated enters compressor and forms a circulation.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Contrast prior art, heat-exchange system of the present invention is provided with the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger, when heating mode of operation, the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger are arranged in parallel, and be all evaporimeter, indoor heat exchanger is condenser, and outdoor heat exchanger absorbs external heat and is supplied to indoor heat exchanger; When defrosting mode of operation, the first outdoor heat exchanger is condenser, and the second outdoor heat exchanger is evaporimeter, the first outdoor heat exchanger heat release defrosting, and the second outdoor heat exchanger is normally worked, and keeps indoor heating, and provides heat for the first outdoor heat exchanger defrosts; The first outdoor heat exchanger completes after defrosting, switching working mode, and the first outdoor heat exchanger is evaporimeter, the second outdoor heat exchanger is condenser, the operation that defrosts of the second outdoor heat exchanger; After two outdoor heat exchanger defrostings, system again switches to and heats mode of operation.Heat-exchange system of the present invention keeps to indoor heating in defrost process, has guaranteed indoor comfortableness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the first embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow graph of first embodiment of the present invention cold-producing medium under heating mode;
Fig. 3 to Fig. 5 is the flow graph of first embodiment of the present invention cold-producing medium under defrosting mode;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the heat-exchange system of the second embodiment refrigerant flow direction figure under refrigeration mode;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the third embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the sixth embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of the heat-exchange system of indoor defrosting.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment mono-:
With reference to Fig. 1, the heat-exchange system of a kind of air-conditioning provided by the invention or heat pump, comprise compressor 1, indoor heat exchanger 2, the first expansion valve 5 and outdoor heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger comprises the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and second outdoor heat exchanger 4 that can between evaporator mode and condenser modes, switch, outdoor heat exchanger place is provided with blower fan (attached not shown in FIG.), and the first expansion valve 5 is near outdoor heat exchanger setting.Wherein, the upper end of the first outdoor heat exchanger 3, the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 connects compressor 1 or indoor heat exchanger 2 by the first reversal valve 6, the second reversal valve 7 respectively, the lower end of the first outdoor heat exchanger 3, the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 is connected by control valve or connects indoor heat exchanger 2, control valve can be one or more is used in combination in the valves such as one way stop peturn valve, magnetic valve, reversal valve, when the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 is connected with the second outdoor heat exchanger 4, the first expansion valve 5 is connected between the two.
The refrigerant flow direction figure of the heat-exchange system that Figure 2 shows that the first embodiment under heating mode, when heating mode of operation, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 are all evaporimeter, indoor heat exchanger 2 is condenser, the cold-producing medium of HTHP is from compressor 1 is discharged, through indoor heat exchanger 2 condensation heat releases, then by the first expansion valve 5, from the lower end of the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4, enter respectively the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 heat absorption evaporations, at this moment the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 parallel connections, improve the efficiency of heat absorption, refrigerant vapour after evaporation is discharged from the upper end of the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4, after confluxing, enter again compressor 1, complete a circulation.
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Figure 3 shows that the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 is in defrosting mode of operation, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 switches to condenser modes, the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 is evaporator mode, the first reversal valve 6 switches makes the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 directly connect indoor heat exchanger 2, and the first outdoor heat exchanger 3, the first expansion valve 5 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 are connected successively, the cold-producing medium of HTHP is from compressor 1 is discharged, through indoor heat exchanger 2 condensation heat releases, then through the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 heat release defrostings, after the first expansion valve 5, enter again the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 heat absorption evaporations, the refrigerant vapour being evaporated enters compressor 1 and forms a circulation, Figure 4 shows that the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 is in defrosting mode of operation, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 completes after defrosting, switching working mode, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 is evaporimeter, the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 is condenser, the second reversal valve 7 switches makes the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 directly connect indoor heat exchanger 2, and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4, the first expansion valve 5 and the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 are connected successively, the cold-producing medium of HTHP is from compressor 1 is discharged, through indoor heat exchanger 2 condensation heat releases, then through the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 heat release defrostings, after the first expansion valve 5, enter again the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 heat absorption evaporations, the refrigerant vapour being evaporated enters compressor 1 and forms a circulation.
Further, at the two ends of indoor heat exchanger 2, can also be parallel with fault control valve 8.When wanting quickly defrosting, changeable fault control valve 8 makes 2 liang of terminal shortcircuits of indoor heat exchanger, thereby makes the heat providing as the outdoor heat exchanger of evaporimeter all for defrosting, accelerates the progress of defrosting, the flow graph of cold-producing medium while as shown in Figure 5, being the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 quickly defrosting.
Further, at the front device for drying and filtering 15 that is preferably provided with of the first expansion valve 5.
Embodiment bis-:
With reference to Fig. 6, the second embodiment provided by the invention, the difference of itself and the first embodiment is, at compressor, 1 place installs cross valve 9 additional, and the second expansion valve 10, the second expansion valves 10 are set between indoor heat exchanger 2 and outdoor heat exchanger near indoor heat exchanger 2, arrange, the front device for drying and filtering 15 that is preferably provided with of the second expansion valve 10, in addition, set up some relevant by-pass valve controls, to change the flow direction of cold-producing medium.Cross valve 910 is for the flow direction of the cold-producing medium that changes compressor 1 and discharge, can make the cold-producing medium outdoor heat exchanger heat release of first flowing through from compressor 1 is discharged, then through the second expansion valve 10, arriving indoor heat exchanger 2 absorbs heat, finally be back in compressor 1, complete kind of refrigeration cycle, as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment tri-:
With reference to Fig. 8, Figure 8 shows that further improved a kind of heat-exchange system on the basis of the second embodiment, its first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 form by organizing heat exchanger tube respectively more, and being V-shape arranges, blower fan 11 is arranged on the opening part of V word just to the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4, outdoor heat exchanger good effect of heat exchange in the present embodiment, is applicable to large-scale heating or refrigeration plant use, as central air-conditioning.
Embodiment tetra-:
With reference to Fig. 9, Figure 9 shows that further improved another kind of heat-exchange system on the basis of the second embodiment, its first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 are arranged on same straight line according to its long side direction, and both can not interact when defrosting, and defrosting effect is better.When a blower fan 11 is set, blower fan 11 just arranges the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 one end adjacent to each other, middle wind-force maximum, good effect of heat exchange, the wind-force minimum of surrounding, easily frosting, under heating mode, can make cold-producing medium enter outdoor heat exchanger from centre position, improve the effect of heat exchange, during defrosting, can make cold-producing medium enter outdoor heat exchanger from periphery, the better effects if of defrosting.
In addition, two Fans also can be set on the basis of the present embodiment, two Fans are respectively just to the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4, and two Fans are regulation and control separately, as when the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 defrosts, just to the blower fan of the first outdoor heat exchanger 3, can quit work, and another Fans keeps running.Separately regulation and control, not affecting under the prerequisite of heat transfer effect, can reach the effect of energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Embodiment five:
With reference to Figure 10, Figure 10 shows that further improved another kind of heat-exchange system on the basis of the second embodiment, wherein, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 are set up in parallel, but in the same time, the flow direction of cold-producing medium in the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 is contrary, improves the effect of heat exchange and defrosting.
Embodiment six:
With reference to Figure 11, Figure 11 shows that the sixth embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned five embodiment, heat or refrigeration mode under, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 are to be arranged in parallel, and the sixth embodiment of the present invention, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 keep being connected in series always, as Figure 11, between the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4, be connected with the 3rd expansion valve 12, the three expansion valve 12 two ends and be provided with short valve I 13.The present embodiment discloses the structure that a kind of multiple outdoor heat exchanger is connected in series, and having realized equally defrosts does not affect the effect of indoor heating.
Heat-exchange system of the present invention is provided with the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4, when heating mode of operation, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 are all evaporimeter, and indoor heat exchanger 2 is condenser, and outdoor heat exchanger absorbs external heat and is supplied to indoor heat exchanger 2; When defrosting mode of operation, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 is condenser, and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 is evaporimeter, the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 heat release defrostings, and the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 is normally worked, and keeps indoor heating, and provides heat for the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 defrosts; The first outdoor heat exchanger 3 completes after defrosting, switching working mode, and the first outdoor heat exchanger 3 is evaporimeter, the second outdoor heat exchanger 4 is condenser, the operation that defrosts of the second outdoor heat exchanger 4; After two outdoor heat exchanger defrostings, system again switches to and heats mode of operation.Heat-exchange system of the present invention keeps to indoor heating in defrost process, has guaranteed indoor comfortableness.
In addition as shown in figure 12, under some special environment, this heat-exchange system can be used conversely.When for indoor refrigeration, two indoor heat exchangers can be set, two indoor heat exchangers composition defrost circuit, when heat exchanger during frosting, can start defrosting mode due to long-time refrigeration, make indoor heat exchanger be automatically converted to condenser and defrost.
The foregoing is only preferential embodiment of the present invention, as long as within the technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention with basic identical means all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a heat-exchange system for air-conditioning or heat pump, comprises compressor, indoor heat exchanger, first throttle element, outdoor heat exchanger;
Described first throttle element is near outdoor heat exchanger setting;
Described outdoor heat exchanger place is provided with blower fan;
It is characterized in that, described outdoor heat exchanger comprises the first outdoor heat exchanger and second outdoor heat exchanger that can between evaporator mode and condenser modes, switch;
One end of described the first outdoor heat exchanger, the second outdoor heat exchanger connects compressor or indoor heat exchanger by controllable electromagnetic valve respectively, and the other end of the first outdoor heat exchanger, the second outdoor heat exchanger is connected by control valve or connects indoor heat exchanger;
When the first outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the second outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle element is connected between the two.
2. the heat-exchange system of a kind of air-conditioning according to claim 1 or heat pump, is characterized in that: described indoor heat exchanger two ends are parallel with fault control valve.
3. the heat-exchange system of a kind of air-conditioning according to claim 1 or heat pump, is characterized in that: described compressor place is provided with the cross valve of the refrigerant flow direction for changing compressor discharge.
4. the heat-exchange system of a kind of air-conditioning according to claim 3 or heat pump, is characterized in that: between described indoor heat exchanger and outdoor heat exchanger, be also provided with second section fluid element, described second section fluid element is near indoor heat exchanger setting.
5. according to a kind of air-conditioning described in claim 1 or 4 or the heat-exchange system of heat pump, it is characterized in that: described restricting element is capillary or expansion valve.
6. the heat-exchange system of a kind of air-conditioning according to claim 5 or heat pump, is characterized in that: before described restricting element, be provided with device for drying and filtering.
7. the heat-exchange system of a kind of air-conditioning according to claim 1 or heat pump, is characterized in that: described the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger are comprised of at least one group of heat exchanger tube.
8. the heat-exchange system of a kind of air-conditioning according to claim 7 or heat pump, is characterized in that: described the first outdoor heat exchanger and the second outdoor heat exchanger are set up in parallel, or is arranged on same straight line according to its long side direction, or is V-shape arrangement.
9. the Defrost method based on the arbitrary described heat-exchange system of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, when the first outdoor heat exchanger need to defrost, the first outdoor heat exchanger is condenser modes, the second outdoor heat exchanger is evaporator mode, controllable electromagnetic valve switches makes the first outdoor heat exchanger directly connect indoor heat exchanger, and the first outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle element and the second outdoor heat exchanger are connected successively, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant of discharging from compressor first passes through indoor heat exchanger, then through switching to the first outdoor heat exchanger heat release defrosting of condenser modes, after first throttle element, enter again the second outdoor heat exchanger heat absorption evaporation in evaporator mode, the refrigerant vapour being evaporated enters compressor and forms a circulation,
When the second outdoor heat exchanger need to defrost, the second outdoor heat exchanger is condenser modes, the first outdoor heat exchanger is evaporator mode, controllable electromagnetic valve switches makes the second outdoor heat exchanger directly connect indoor heat exchanger, and the second outdoor heat exchanger, first throttle element and the first outdoor heat exchanger are connected successively, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant of discharging from compressor first passes through indoor heat exchanger, then through switching to the second outdoor heat exchanger heat release defrosting of condenser modes, after first throttle element, enter again the first outdoor heat exchanger heat absorption evaporation in evaporator mode, the refrigerant vapour being evaporated enters compressor and forms a circulation.
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| CN103954082A (en) * | 2014-05-12 | 2014-07-30 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air-conditioning system |
| CN104848578A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-19 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Air conditioner and control method for air conditioner |
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