CN103757554A - Steel for large-capacity electronic gas cylinder and manufacturing method of steel - Google Patents
Steel for large-capacity electronic gas cylinder and manufacturing method of steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides steel for a large-capacity electronic gas cylinder and a manufacturing method of the steel. According to the manufacturing method, by optimizing the component design, the steel quality purification and the smelting process control of the steel, the steel for the large-capacity electronic gas cylinder comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.40-0.45% of C, 0.25-0.35% of Si, 0.85-1.00% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.013% of P, less than or equal to 0.008% of S, 1.00-1.10% of Cr, 0.20-0.25% of Mo, less than or equal to 0.015% of Ti, less than or equal to 0.18% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.18% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.010% of Sn, less than or equal to 0.025% of As, 0.015-0.040% of Al, less than or equal to 0.0002% of [H], less than or equal to 0.0070% of [N], less than or equal to 0.0020% of T[O], and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities. The steel can meet the requirements of large-capacity high-pressure gas cylinders for packaging electronic gases on application properties such as good strength and toughness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgy industry steelmaking technical field, relate to particularly the large capacity high pressure gas cylinder of a kind of electronic gas steel alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Electronic gas is widely used in the numerous areas such as the powerful electron trade of growth momentum in recent years, solar cell, mobile communication, aerospace, war industry, be super large-scale integration, flat panel display device, compound semiconductor device, solar cell, optical fiber etc. electronic industry---IC industry is produced indispensable starting material, be widely used in the techniques such as film, etching, doping, vapour deposition, diffusion; Be the manufacture basis of electronic devices and components, be called as " blood " and " grain " of IC industry.
There is the danger such as asphyxiating, corrodibility, toxicity, inflammable and explosive property in electronic gas.Therefore, its production and application all require to use high-quality gas packed packaging storage-transport vessel, to avoid the generation of secondary pollution.Along with the upgrading of consumer electronics, product manufacturing dimension is increasing, and finished product rate and defect are controlled more and more stricter, more and more harsher to stopping the requirement of delivery system secondary pollution.And use large packing (large capacity, large volume) container to guarantee the continuity of GAS QUALITY, and reduced repeatedly filling Pollution risk, be conducive to improve pollute and control.Simultaneously; in large specification integrated circuit production process; must use multiple unit electronic gas; require compound concentration and the stability of concentration of electronic gas very high; for guaranteeing to fill the long stability of electronic gas concentration; must impose coating to electronics gas cylinder internal surface and process, make to form between inventory of gas and steel cylinder bottle that one deck is smooth, the protective layer of imporosity, even thickness, to reduce gas adsorption and to prevent Metal ion release etc.And before armor coated, must carry out mirror-polishing processing to bottle internal surface.
As the gas cylinder of the large packaging vessel of electronic gas, because filling medium, it there is the danger such as asphyxiating, corrodibility, toxicity, inflammable and explosive property, and should there is very high safety performance, and require steel cylinder own wt light simultaneously; The main raw material(s) of manufacturing it is the thin-wall seamless steel pipe of large specification overlength degree, requires that its intensity is high, good toughness, dimensional precision be high.Thereby require steel cylinder body not only purity of steel is high, metallographic structure is careful evenly and meet the low-temperature storage performance of electronic gas.
Because electronics gas cylinder environment for use is severe, require the performance of steel used except meeting normal temperature Performance Detection, also require the low temperature impact properties of-40 ℃, sample performance after Analog heat-treating meets index of correlation requirement.
In order to make the above-mentioned over-all properties requirement of reaching of the raw-material great diameter and long thin-wall seamless steel pipe of steel cylinder master for large capacity electronic gas, must use the over-all propertieies such as processing characteristics and use properties to require strict former steel billet.Existing gas cylinder can not meet the specification of quality of this product by steel and general smelting process.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, one of object of the present invention is to solve the one or more problems that exist in above-mentioned prior art.
One of object of the present invention is to provide the large capacity gas cylinder of a kind of electronic gas steel and preparation method thereof, meet electronic gas with steel cylinder have that intensity is high, the requirement of the over-all properties such as bright and clean smooth, the careful homogeneous of security deposit's phase constitution of good toughness, internal surface and low-temperature impact toughness, with guarantee that electronic gas stores and use procedure in safety.
To achieve these goals, an aspect of of the present present invention provides the preparation method of the large capacity gas cylinder of a kind of electronic gas with steel.Said method comprising the steps of: electric furnace is just made steel water, controlling endpoint molten steel composition comprises by weight percentage: C:0.12～0.20%, P:0.001～0.007%, As≤0.023%, Sn≤0.010%, tapping temperature is 1620～1660 ℃, and to the process of ladle, carries out pre-deoxidation and Alloying Treatment tapping, molten steel is carried out to LF refining, and control the molten steel composition that LF refining obtains and comprise by weight percentage: C:0.40～0.44%, Si:0.27～0.32%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, As≤0.023%, Sn≤0.010%, Al:0.035～0.060%, molten steel is carried out to vacuum refinement, and control the molten steel composition that vacuum refinement obtains and comprise by weight percentage: C:0.40～0.44%, Si:0.27～0.33%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, As≤0.025%, Sn≤0.010%, Al:0.015～0.040%, H≤0.0002%, [O]≤0.0018%, N≤0.0050%, continuous casting, in casting process, two cold (being that secondary is cooling) adopts weak cold pattern and the specific water of two cold-zones is controlled is 0.20～0.27L/Kg, and by weight percentage, the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas that continuous casting obtains is C:0.40～0.45% by the chemical composition of steel, Si:0.25～0.35%, Mn:0.85～1.00%, P≤0.013%, S≤0.008%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.015%, Ni≤0.18%, Cu≤0.18%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.025%, Al:0.015～0.040%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O]≤0.0020%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method's of steel a embodiment for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention, preferably, by weight percentage, the large capacity gas cylinder of described electronic gas is C:0.41～0.44% by the chemical composition of steel, Si:0.27～0.33%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.025%, Al:0.015～0.040%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O]≤0.0020%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The preparation method's of steel a embodiment for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention, the strand that described continuous casting step obtains is that diameter is the round base of Φ 350～388mm.
The preparation method's of steel a embodiment for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention, in described casting process, the water coolant of two each cooling sections of cold-zone is assigned as: the cooling water inflow of two cold I sections accounts for 16～19% of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters, the cooling water inflow of two cold II sections accounts for 20～22% of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters, the cooling water inflow of two cold III sections accounts for 9～12% of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters, the cooling water inflow that the cooling water inflow of two cold IV sections accounts for 27～31% and two cold V sections of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters accounts for 17～21% of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters.
The preparation method's of steel a embodiment for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention, in described casting process, controlling Metal in Tundish superheating temperature is 15～35 ℃, crystallizer adopts induction stirring and controls cooling water flow is 1400～1600L/min, and casting speed is 0.40～0.55m/min.
The preparation method's of steel a embodiment for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention, in the process of described electric furnace steel tapping, when tap reach one heat steel water inventory 1/3 time, in ladle, add reductor CaBaAlSi to carry out pre-deoxidation, and add Al and manganeseirom to carry out alloying.
The preparation method's of steel a embodiment for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention, in described continuous casting step, in the middle of controlling, unwrap and water liquid level >=650mm, process cast liquid level >=700mm, connect and water liquid level >=450mm, finally stop to water liquid level >=300mm.
The preparation method's of steel a embodiment for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention, in described vacuum refinement step, keeps vacuum tightness≤66.7Pa, and hold-time >=15 minute, until slag no longer foams and continues to keep more than 2 minutes; After vacuum breaker, feed Si-Ca line 0.5～0.8Kg/t steel, then molten steel is carried out to quiet blowing, quiet time >=12 minute of blowing.
The preparation method's of steel a embodiment for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention, in described LF refinement step, add reductive agent to make white slag, and make the white slag hold-time more than 20min, wherein, by weight percentage, described reductive agent consists of the calcium carbide of 30～70 parts, the SiCa of 5～20 parts and the aluminium slag of 25～50 parts.
Another aspect of the present invention provides the large capacity gas cylinder of a kind of electronic gas steel.By weight percentage, the large capacity gas cylinder of described electronic gas is C:0.40～0.45% by the chemical composition of steel, Si:0.25～0.35%, Mn:0.85～1.00%, P≤0.013%, S≤0.008%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.015%, Ni≤0.18%, Cu≤0.18%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.025%, Al:0.15～0.40%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O]≤0.0020%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
An embodiment of steel for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention, preferably, by weight percentage, the large capacity gas cylinder of described electronic gas is C:0.41～0.44% by the chemical composition of steel, Si:0.27～0.33%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.023%, Al:0.015～0.040%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O]≤0.0020%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention comprises:
1. may cause temper embrittlement the impurity element such as P, As, Sn, cause the S of toughness drop to be reduced to as far as possible minimum.
2. guaranteed purity of steel, according to inclusion grading standard, GB/T10561 evaluates: A, B, C, D all≤1 grade, steel pipe finished product gas ［ N ］≤70PPm, ［ O ］≤18PPm, ［ H ］≤2.0PPm, Al content 0.015～0.040%.
3. reasonably control round billet continuous casting machine secondary cooling water and distribute and two cold specific waters, prevent that strand from producing internal fissure and reducing central pipe and center porosity.And use M-EMS, and guaranteed that the crystal structure structure (as equiax crystal district, center expands) of strand has guaranteed strand center mass, be next step tube rolling and the bright and clean smooth good precondition that provides of following process assurance gas cylinder internal surface.
4. not only guaranteed that electronic gas gas cylinder manufactures the manufacturing property of multi-pass processing (cold and hot) with large diameter thin wall weldless steel tube and gas cylinder, the more important thing is safety in utilization such as having met for electronic gas large-volume packing the good intensity of gas cylinder, toughness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By the description of carrying out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above and other object of the present invention and feature will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the distribution plan that different sites carbon content detects sampling spot on a certain cross section of strand.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, in connection with accompanying drawing and exemplary embodiment, describe the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to the present invention steel and preparation method thereof in detail.In the present invention, if there is no the statement of exception, in the material of conventionally mentioning, the content of each element or composition is all weight percentages.
The large capacity gas cylinder of the electronic gas steel providing is according to an aspect of the present invention C:0.40～0.45%, Si:0.25～0.35%, Mn:0.85～1.00%, P≤0.013%, S≤0.008%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.015%, Ni≤0.18%, Cu≤0.18%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.025%, Al:0.015～0.040%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O by weight percentage]≤0.0020% and the iron (Fe) of surplus and inevitable impurity.
In the present invention, the content of controlling principal element C, Mn, Cr, Mo not only can improve intensity, hardness and the hardening capacity of steel in above-mentioned scope, make steel there is favorable low-temperature impact toughness, also can make air bottle steel after modified, have higher temper resistance, fatigue strength and anti-repeatedly impact capacity; Cr can also improve the wear resistance of steel simultaneously, makes gas cylinder after the surface treatments such as grinding, polishing are processed, and easily obtains higher surface smoothness; And Al not only plays desoxydatoin in steel, in the present invention, also using Al as alloying element, be conducive to the gentle bottle surface of crystal grain thinning bright and clean.
The purity of steel is the important guarantee of the large capacity high pressure gas cylinder safety of electronic gas.Reduce as far as possible harmful element, H, N, O gas and the inclusion contents such as P in steel, S, As, Sn and not only can improve the large manufacturing process performance of each operation of steel → weldless steel tube → gas cylinder for capacity high pressure gas cylinder of electronic gas, such as preventing that steel from producing the various defects such as cold working crackle, thermal crack and lamellar tearing in the course of processing, the more important thing is the usage safety performance that can significantly improve the large capacity high electronics of electronic gas gas cylinder.
Controlling remaining Ti content, to be not more than 0.015% be to form TiN brittle inclusion for fear of too high Ti, in steel pipe cold deformation process, form surface imperfection and surface finish brings disadvantageous effect to gas cylinder, can not meet the requirement of gas cylinder internal surface applying coating, preferably, Ti content is controlled at below 0.010%; It is to make steel produce hot tearing for fear of excessive Cu constituent content that control Cu constituent content is not more than 0.18%, preferably, Cu content is controlled at below 0.15%; It is for fear of because of the too high surface quality that can affect the rear steel of heating of Ni constituent content that control Ni constituent content is not more than 0.18%, preferably, Ni content is controlled at below 0.15%.
Preferably, the large capacity gas cylinder of above-mentioned electronic gas is C:0.41～0.44% by the chemical composition of steel by weight percentage, Si:0.27～0.33%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.023%, Al:0.015～0.040%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O]≤0.0020%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
The large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas that another part of face provides according to the present invention comprises by the technological process of production of the smelting process of steel: electric arc furnace smelting → LF stove refining → vacuum refinement → continuous casting cold → surface inspection in hole and finishing.Particularly:
(1) electric furnace is just made steel water
Optimize electric furnace and enter the main starting material of stove and batching, select high-quality steel scrap, improve as far as possible the add-on of molten iron and the amount of allocating into of the pig iron, realize the effective control to (As, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi etc.) harmful element and residual element.Preferably, molten iron (or pig iron) consumption is into 30～50% of stove iron and steel stock gross weight.In smelting process, adopt foam slag burialing arc operation that continue, good, reduce airborne nitrogen and dissolve in steel because electric arc ionizes.Electrosmelting terminal is controlled: C:0.12～0.20%, P:0.001～0.007%, As≤0.023%, Sn≤0.010%; Tapping temperature is within the scope of 1620～1660 ℃.And adopt eccentric furnace bottom slag free tapping (EBT).During tapping, carry out compound pre-deoxidation and alloying operation.In tapping process, when tap approximately 1/3, start to add reductor CaBaAlSi2.0～3.5Kg/t steel, add Al piece 1.2～1.5Kg/t steel and suitable manganeseirom.
(2) LF refining
Ladle is transported to LF refining station, in the process of transporting, ladle is carried out argon bottom-blowing and after Argon starts, feeds aluminum steel, feed quantity is 3～5m/t steel.
Molten steel is carried out to LF refining, at refining process, adopt large quantity of slag arc-covering slag operation, to reduce contacting of molten steel and atmosphere, can reduce molten steel air-breathing; Meanwhile, add reductive agent to make white slag in batches, and make the white slag hold-time more than 20min, to guarantee purity of steel.Wherein, the composition of reductive agent is by weight: calcium carbide: 30～70 parts, SiCa powder: 5～20 parts and aluminium slag: 25～50 parts.
The molten steel composition that LF refining obtains comprises by weight percentage: C:0.40～0.44%, Si:0.27～0.32%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, As≤0.023%, Sn≤0.010% and Al:0.035～0.060%.
(3) vacuum refinement
Ladle is hung in to vacuum tank and carry out vacuum outgas, vacuumize to keep vacuum tightness≤66.7Pa, hold-time >=15 minute, until slag no longer obviously foams and continues to keep more than 2 minutes.In order to impel the abundant floating of inclusion, in vacuum, note at any time molten steel boiling situation, and adjust in time Ar atmospheric pressure.After vacuum breaker, feed SiCa line 0.5～0.8Kg/t steel, then molten steel is carried out to quiet blowing, the quiet time >=12min that blows, when quiet blowing, maintenance molten steel face is wriggled and molten steel must not be exposed.
Control the liquid steel temperature of coming out of the stove of vacuum degassing furnace, wherein, the first stove waters in company: 1570～1585 ℃, the second stove waters in company and later heat can reduce by 5～10 ℃.
The molten steel composition that vacuum refinement obtains comprises by weight percentage: C:0.40～0.44%, Si:0.27～0.33%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, As≤0.025%, Sn≤0.010%, Al:0.015～0.040%, H≤0.0002%, [O]≤0.0018% and N≤0.0050%.
(4) continuous casting
Molten steel after VD vacuum-treat is delivered to round billet continuous casting machine and is cast.
In order to guarantee the slab quality of curved circular billet continuous casting machine and carrying out smoothly of cast, major control the following aspects:
A. baking of tundish is good, storing temperature >=1100 ℃.
B. cast implementation Process whole process protection cast molten steel and to the long nozzle of tundish, adopt " Ar gas+gasket " protective casting by ladle, to prevent the scaling loss of secondary oxidation of steel and Al, assurance purity of steel.
C. tundish liquid level is controlled and is required:
In constantly noting in casting process, wrap liquid level, in the middle of improving as far as possible, unwrap and water liquid level, open and water liquid level >=650mm, to guarantee homogeneity and the purity of steel of molten steel composition.Process cast liquid level >=700mm, connects and waters liquid level >=450mm, and tundish finally stops to water liquid level >=300mm.
D. continuous casting tundish adopts double-deck insulating covering agent to protect; end slag efficient alkaline insulating covering agent; top slag adopts carbonization rice husk insulation, and casting process is observed the covering situation of pouring basket liquid level at any time, prevents tundish molten steel face and covers phenomenon bad or that molten steel is exposed.
E. in the middle of each, continuous cast crystallizer number is not more than 7 stoves.Metal in Tundish superheating temperature is 15～35 ℃.
F. use M-EMS, the densification of assurance strand center crystal structure, even, increases center equiaxial crystal ratio.M-EMS parameter is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 M-EMS parameter
| Specification | Stirring frequency, Hz | Alr mode | Stir current, A |
| Φ350mm | 2.5 | Turn clockwise 8s-and stop 2s-counterclockwise rotation 8s | 300A |
| Φ388mm | 2.5 | Turn clockwise 8s-and stop 2s-counterclockwise rotation 8s | 260A |
G. the cooling employing of continuous casting is weak cold.
The casting blank specification that continuous casting obtains is Φ 350～Φ 388mm.Crystallizer cooling water flow is 1400～1600L/min.Secondary cooling water adopts weak cold pattern, the specific water of Φ 350mm and Φ 388mm specification strand and the distribution of the water coolant of two each cooling sections of cold-zone see the following form 2, and, adopt low pulling rate cast, casting speed Φ 350mm:0.45～0.55m/min, Φ 388mm:0.40～0.50m/min.
The water coolant of the cold specific water of table 2 two and two each cooling sections of cold-zone distributes
The various defects of strand can be avoided and alleviate to suitable cooling intensity and casting speed.The intensity of secondary cooling of strand has important impact to cc billet surface quality and internal soundness, if intensity of secondary cooling is excessive, can make strand in process of cooling, and solidified shell produces backheat, makes strand produce internal fissure; Also can make on the other hand strand surface temperature when aligning lower than the temperature limit of brittleness of steel, reduce the ductility of steel, easily produce surface crack; If conversely intensity of secondary cooling excessively a little less than, can make strand not solidify completely before aligning, easily produce aligning crackle.
The selection of casting speed not only will guarantee that strand is at the shell thickness in crystallizer exit, also will guarantee slab quality and the throughput of giving full play to continuous caster.If casting speed is too fast, the one, can cause strand excessively thin at crystallizer exit shell thickness, easily produce bleed-out and surface crack; The 2nd, also can make strand liquid core extend, can make strand not solidify completely before aligning on the one hand, easily produce aligning crackle, also make on the other hand strand easily produce centre burst, shrinkage cavity, the subsurface defect such as loose, affect slab quality.If casting speed is crossed slowly, can make the reduction of casting machine production efficiency or stove machine throughput not mate.
H. strand is taked to cheat cold mode and is carried out slow cooling.Enter to cheat temperature >=500 ℃, go out to cheat temperature≤100 ℃.
In order to understand better above-mentioned exemplary embodiment of the present invention, below in conjunction with concrete example, it is further described.
Example 1
In nominal capacity is the EBT-electric furnace of 70 tons, add 30% molten iron and 70% steel scrap, in smelting process, adopt foam slag burialing arc technique, reduce airborne nitrogen and dissolve in steel because of electric arc ionization.Adopt eccentric furnace bottom slag free tapping (EBT).The chemical composition of electrosmelting molten steel is as shown in table 3, and controls As≤0.023%, Sn≤0.010%.
When reaching above-mentioned tapping condition, tap, tapping temperature is 1620 ℃.When tap approximately 1/3, start to add reductor CaBaAlSi2.0Kg/t steel, add Al piece 1.5Kg/t steel and suitable manganeseirom carries out alloying.After tapping and entering before LF feeding Al line 3m/t steel.
Ladle enters LF refining station, adopts large quantity of slag arc-covering slag operation, and to reduce contacting of molten steel and atmosphere, and it is air-breathing to reduce molten steel; Meanwhile, add reductive agent to make white slag in batches, and make the white slag hold-time more than 20min.Wherein, the composition of reductive agent is by weight: the calcium carbide of 50 parts, the SiCa powder of 10 parts and the aluminium slag of 40 parts.The molten steel composition that LF refining obtains is as shown in table 4.
Then, molten steel is carried out to Fruit storage.That is, ladle is hung in to VD tank and carry out vacuum outgas, 18 minutes hold-times under the vacuum tightness of≤66.7Pa.After vacuum breaker, feed inclusion in Si-Ca line 0.76Kg/t steel to steel and carry out denaturing treatment, then molten steel is carried out to quiet blowing, the quiet time 14min that blows, when quiet blowing, maintenance molten steel face is wriggled and molten steel must not be exposed.It is 1580 ℃ that control VD goes out tank temperature.The main molten steel composition that vacuum refinement obtains is as shown in table 4, and after vacuum refinement, the H in molten steel is 0.00018%, [O] be 0.0016% and N be 0.0039%.
Finally, molten steel is delivered to round billet continuous casting machine and cast, cast specification is Φ 350mm.Ladle is to long nozzle whole process using " Ar gas+sealing-ring " the protection cast of tundish.The temperature that tundish is toasted is 1115 ℃; control is opened and is watered liquid level 700mm; process liquid level 710mm; and adopt double-deck insulating covering agent to protect, and end slag efficient alkaline insulating covering agent, top slag adopts carbonization rice husk insulation; in casting process, observe at any time the covering situation of pouring basket liquid level; prevent tundish molten steel face and cover phenomenon bad or that molten steel is exposed, in addition, Metal in Tundish superheating temperature is 20 ℃.Crystallizer water coolant is 1433L/min, and crystallizer mixing parametric is as shown in table 1.The cooling specific water of secondary is 0.27L/Kg, and secondary cooling water amount is assigned as: the cold V section 18% of the cold IV section 29.5%, two of the cold III section 11.5%, two of the cold II section 22%, two of two cold I sections 19%, two.Casting speed is 0.45m/min.And the strand obtaining is taked to cheat cold mode and carry out slow cooling, it is 512 ℃ that strand enters to cheat temperature, going out to cheat temperature is 96 ℃.Obtain pipe.
Press carbon content shown in Fig. 1 and detect sampling spot distribution plan C constituent content in different sites sampling computational analysis steel on the same cross section of strand, carbon segregation index and carbon content extreme difference value (C extreme difference), result is as shown in table 5.In addition, by GB/T226 standard, strand carried out to macrostructure check and by YB/T4149-2006 appendix A grading figure, macro defect graded, the grading of strand macro defect and macrostructure assay are as shown in table 6.In addition, table 4 shows the chemical composition result of sampling analysis on steel pipe finished product, table 7 shows steel pipe finished product gas content detected result, table 8 show on steel pipe sampling and through simulate modified after the mechanical property detected result of sample, table 9 show on steel pipe sampling and through simulate modified after sample according to inclusion grading standard GB/T10561 rating result.
Example 2
In nominal capacity is the EBT-electric furnace of 70 tons, add 45% molten iron and 55% steel scrap, in smelting process, adopt foam slag burialing arc technique, can reduce airborne nitrogen and dissolve in steel because of electric arc ionization.Adopt eccentric furnace bottom slag free tapping (EBT).The chemical composition of electrosmelting molten steel is as shown in table 3, and controls As≤0.023%, Sn≤0.010%.
When reaching above-mentioned tapping condition, tap, tapping temperature is 1640 ℃.When tap approximately 1/3, start to add reductor CaBaAlSi3.5Kg/t steel, add Al piece 1.2Kg/t steel and suitable manganeseirom carries out alloying.After tapping and entering before LF feeding Al line 4m/t steel.
Ladle enters LF refining station, adopts large quantity of slag arc-covering slag operation, and to reduce contacting of molten steel and atmosphere, and it is air-breathing to reduce molten steel; Meanwhile, add reductive agent to make white slag in batches, and make the white slag hold-time more than 20min.Wherein, the composition of reductive agent is by weight: the calcium carbide of 70 parts, the SiCa powder of 5 parts and the aluminium slag of 25 parts.The molten steel composition that LF refining obtains is as shown in table 4.
Then, molten steel is carried out to Fruit storage.That is, ladle is hung in to VD tank and carry out vacuum outgas, 20 minutes hold-times under the vacuum tightness of≤66.7Pa.After vacuum breaker, feed Si-Ca line 0.56Kg/t steel inclusion is carried out to denaturing treatment, then molten steel is carried out to quiet blowing, the quiet time 15min that blows, when quiet blowing, maintenance molten steel face is wriggled and molten steel must not be exposed.It is 1571 ℃ that control VD goes out tank temperature.The molten steel main component that vacuum refinement obtains is as shown in table 4, and after vacuum refinement, the H in molten steel is 0.00016%, [O] be 0.0017% and N be 0.0049%.
Finally, molten steel is delivered to round billet continuous casting machine and cast, cast specification is Φ 350mm.Ladle is to long nozzle whole process using " Ar gas+sealing-ring " the protection cast of tundish.The temperature that tundish is toasted is 1100 ℃; liquid level 680mm waters in the company of control; process liquid level 710mm, stops watering liquid level 300mm, and adopts double-deck insulating covering agent to protect; end slag efficient alkaline insulating covering agent; top slag adopts carbonization rice husk insulation, and the covering situation of observing at any time pouring basket liquid level in casting process prevents tundish molten steel face and covers phenomenon bad or that molten steel is exposed; in addition, Metal in Tundish superheating temperature is 15 ℃.Crystallizer water coolant is 1443L/min, and crystallizer mixing parametric is as shown in table 1.The cooling specific water of secondary is 0.22L/Kg, and secondary cooling water amount is assigned as: the cold V section 21% of the cold IV section 30%, two of the cold III section 11%, two of the cold II section 22%, two of two cold I sections 16%, two.Casting speed is 0.55m/min.And the strand obtaining is taked to cheat cold mode and carry out slow cooling, it is 515 ℃ that strand enters to cheat temperature, going out to cheat temperature is 97 ℃.Obtain pipe.
Fig. 1 shows the distribution plan of different sites carbon content detection sampling spot on a certain cross section of strand, and wherein arrow A indicated direction is strand inner arc side.Press carbon content shown in Fig. 1 and detect sampling spot distribution plan C constituent content in different sites sampling computational analysis steel on the same cross section of strand, carbon segregation index and carbon content extreme difference value (C extreme difference), result is as shown in table 5.In addition, by GB/T226 standard, strand carried out to macrostructure check and by YB/T4149-2006 appendix A grading figure, macro defect graded, the grading of strand macro defect and macrostructure assay are as shown in table 6.In addition, table 4 shows the chemical composition result of sampling analysis on steel pipe finished product, table 7 shows steel pipe finished product gas content detected result, table 8 show on steel pipe sampling and through simulate modified after the mechanical property detected result of sample, table 9 show on steel pipe sampling and through simulate modified after sample according to inclusion grading standard GB/T10561 rating result.
Example 3
In nominal capacity is the EBT-electric furnace of 70 tons, add 35% molten iron and 65% steel scrap, in smelting process, adopt foam slag burialing arc technique, can reduce airborne nitrogen and dissolve in steel because of electric arc ionization.Adopt eccentric furnace bottom slag free tapping (EBT).The chemical composition of electrosmelting molten steel is as shown in table 3, and controls As≤0.023%, Sn≤0.010%.
When reaching above-mentioned tapping condition, tap, tapping temperature is 1660 ℃.When tap approximately 1/3, start to add reductor CaBaAlSi2.5Kg/t steel, add Al1.3Kg/t steel and suitable manganeseirom carries out alloying.After tapping and entering before LF feeding Al line 5m/t steel.
Ladle enters LF refining station, adopts large quantity of slag arc-covering slag operation, and to reduce contacting of molten steel and atmosphere, and it is air-breathing to reduce molten steel; Meanwhile, add reductive agent to make white slag in batches, and make the white slag hold-time more than 20min.Wherein, the composition of reductive agent is the calcium carbide of 30 parts, the SiCa of 20 parts and the aluminium slag of 50 parts by weight.The molten steel composition that LF refining obtains is as shown in table 4.
Then, molten steel is carried out to Fruit storage.That is, ladle is hung in to VD tank and carry out vacuum outgas, 22 minutes hold-times under the vacuum tightness of≤66.7Pa.After vacuum breaker, feed Si-Ca line 0.70Kg/t steel inclusion is carried out to denaturing treatment, then molten steel is carried out to quiet blowing, the quiet time 16min that blows, when quiet blowing, maintenance molten steel face is wriggled and molten steel must not be exposed.It is 1575 ℃ that control VD goes out tank temperature.The molten steel composition that vacuum refinement obtains is mainly as shown in table 4, and after vacuum refinement, the H in molten steel is 0.00017%, [O] be 0.0013% and N be 0.0035%.
Finally, molten steel is delivered to round billet continuous casting machine and cast, cast specification is Φ 388mm.Ladle is to long nozzle whole process using " Ar gas+sealing-ring " the protection cast of tundish.The temperature that tundish is toasted is 1105 ℃; liquid level 500mm waters in the company of control; process liquid level 700mm; and adopt double-deck insulating covering agent to protect, and end slag efficient alkaline insulating covering agent, top slag adopts carbonization rice husk insulation; in casting process, observe at any time the covering situation of pouring basket liquid level; prevent tundish molten steel face and cover phenomenon bad or that molten steel is exposed, in addition, Metal in Tundish superheating temperature is 30 ℃.Crystallizer water coolant is 1550L/min, and crystallizer mixing parametric is as shown in table 1.The cooling specific water of secondary is 0.20L/Kg, and secondary cooling water amount is assigned as: the cold V section 21% of the cold IV section 29%, two of the cold III section 11%, two of the cold II section 22%, two of two cold I sections 17%, two.Casting speed is 0.45m/min.And the strand obtaining is taked to cheat cold mode and carry out slow cooling, it is 505 ℃ that strand enters to cheat temperature, going out to cheat temperature is 95 ℃.Obtain pipe.
Press carbon content shown in Fig. 1 and detect sampling spot distribution plan C constituent content in different sites sampling computational analysis steel on the same cross section of strand, carbon segregation index and carbon content extreme difference value (C extreme difference), result is as shown in table 5.In addition, by GB/T226 standard, strand carried out to macrostructure check and by YB/T4149-2006 appendix A grading figure, macro defect graded, the grading of strand macro defect and macrostructure assay are as shown in table 6.In addition, table 4 shows the chemical composition result of sampling analysis on steel pipe finished product, table 7 shows steel pipe finished product gas content detected result, table 8 show on steel pipe sampling and through simulate modified after the mechanical property detected result of sample, table 9 show on steel pipe sampling and through simulate modified after sample according to inclusion grading standard GB/T10561 rating result.
The electrosmelting tapping molten steel chemical composition (wt%) of table 3 example 1 to 3
| Constituent content | C | P |
| Example 1 | 0.20 | 0.007 |
| Example 2 | 0.15 | 0.005 |
| Example 3 | 0.12 | 0.001 |
The molten steel that the molten steel that the LF refining of table 4 example 1 to 3 obtains, vacuum refinement refining obtain and the chemical composition (wt%) of steel pipe finished product
Table 5 detects strand carbon content, carbon segregation index and the C extreme difference obtaining by sampling spot shown in Fig. 1
Table 6 example 1 is to example 3 strand macro defect rating results
The gas content (wt%) of the steel pipe finished product of table 7 example 1 to 3
| ? | [H] | [O] | [N] |
| Example 1 | 0.00007 | 0.0018 | 0.0049 |
| Example 2 | 0.00003 | 0.0016 | 0.0061 |
| Example 3 | 0.00005 | 0.0015 | 0.0043 |
The inclusion high power rating result of the steel pipe finished product of table 8 example 1 to 3
The mechanical property of the steel pipe finished product of table 9 example 1 to 3
Table 5 is visible, on strand transverse section, analyze different sites sampling analysis obtain steel in carbon content, carbon segregation exponential sum extreme difference value less, illustrate that strand composition is even, and then can guarantee that steel tube performance stabilizing tissue is even; From table 6, by GB/T226 standard, carry out macrostructure check, by YB/T4149-2006 appendix A grading figure, macro defect carried out to rating result and show, continuous casting circular tube blank strand center mass provided by the invention is good, central defect is few, center equiax crystal is wider, for follow-up tubulation and bottle multi-pass processed processing assurance inner surface quality, finally guarantee the bright and clean smooth good precondition that provides of steel cylinder internal surface.By table 7 to table 9, can be found out, the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas provided by the invention steel, its steel pipe finished product steel is pure, according to inclusion grading standard, GB/T10561 evaluates: A, B, C, D all≤1 grade; Steel pipe finished product gas ［ N ］≤70PPm, ［ O ］≤18PPm, ［ H ］≤2.0PPm; Al content 0.015～0.040wt%, steel pipe sample is organized grain fineness number >=7 grade through simulating after modified, yield strength is at normal temperatures not less than that 800MPa, tensile strength (tensile strength) are not less than that 935MPa, unit elongation are not less than 17%, hardness is not less than 285HB and ballistic work >=75AKV/J-40 ℃ time, and tensile property and-40 ℃ low-temperature impact toughness of sample after Analog heat-treating meet technical requirements.
Method of the present invention, by optimizing Composition Design and the steel purification technology of steel, is reduced to minimum by the impurity elements such as the As that causes toughness to reduce, Sn, S, P, Ti, Cu, Ni and residual element as far as possible; And guaranteed the metallurgical quality requirement of steel high cleanliness, low gas, low inclusion content for electronics gas cylinder, thereby make electronic gas gas cylinder meet correlation technique requirement with the property indices of seamless large-diameter pipes; In addition, reasonably controlling the cold specific water of round billet continuous casting machine two, pulling rate and secondary cooling water distributes, prevent that strand from producing internal fissure and reducing central pipe and center porosity, and use M-EMS, the crystal structure structure (as equiax crystal district, center expands) that has guaranteed strand has guaranteed strand center mass, for next step tube rolling and following process provide good precondition.Method of the present invention has not only guaranteed the manufacturing property of electronic gas gas cylinder with large diameter thin wall weldless steel tube and the processing of gas cylinder manufacture multi-pass, the more important thing is met electronic gas large-volume packing with gas cylinder have that intensity is high, good toughness, metallographic grain fineness number is careful and the requirement of the over-all properties such as low-temperature impact toughness, guaranteed that electronic gas stores and use procedure in safety.Here, in strand, composition is evenly to guarantee the uniform prerequisite of steel tube performance stabilizing tissue, strand center mass, composition evenly and purity of steel very large on surfaces externally and internally quality (defect) impact in tube rolling and following process process, on above-mentioned strand cross section composition evenly good, the steel purity height of (carbon content extreme difference and segregation are little), strand center mass be to guarantee to produce less defect in the multi-pass course of processing or defect does not slightly affect the finished product surface quality, guaranteed that especially gas cylinder internal surface is smooth; On the other hand, the wear resisting property of steel is better, and the thinner steel of crystal grain of steel is finer and close, makes air bottle steel surface after the surface treatments such as surface grinding, polishing are processed, and more easily improves surface smoothness.
Although above by having described the present invention in conjunction with exemplary embodiment, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that in the situation that do not depart from the spirit and scope that claim limits, can carry out various modifications and change to exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for steel for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Electric furnace is just made steel water, controls endpoint molten steel composition and comprises by weight percentage: C:0.12～0.20%, P:0.001～0.007%, As≤0.023%, Sn≤0.010%, tapping temperature is 1620～1660 ℃, and to the process of ladle, carries out pre-deoxidation and Alloying Treatment tapping;
Molten steel is carried out to LF refining, and control the molten steel composition that LF refining obtains and comprise by weight percentage: C:0.40～0.44%, Si:0.27～0.32%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, As≤0.023%, Sn≤0.010% and Al:0.035～0.060%;
Molten steel is carried out to vacuum refinement, and control the molten steel composition that vacuum refinement obtains and comprise by weight percentage: C:0.40～0.44%, Si:0.27～0.33%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, As≤0.025%, Sn≤0.010%, Al:0.015～0.040%, H≤0.0002%, [O]≤0.0018% and N≤0.0050%;
Continuous casting, in casting process, the weak cold pattern of two cold employings the specific water of two cold-zones is controlled is 0.20～0.27L/Kg, and by weight percentage, the chemical composition of the strand that continuous casting obtains is C:0.40～0.45%, Si:0.25～0.35%, Mn:0.85～1.00%, P≤0.013%, S≤0.008%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.015%, Ni≤0.18%, Cu≤0.18%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.025%, Al:0.015～0.040%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O]≤0.0020%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
2. the preparation method of steel for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, the large capacity gas cylinder of described electronic gas is C:0.41～0.44% by the chemical composition of steel, Si:0.27～0.33%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.023%, Al:0.015～0.040%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O]≤0.0020%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
3. the preparation method of steel for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the strand that described continuous casting step obtains is that diameter is the round base of Φ 350～388mm.
4. the preparation method of steel for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in described casting process, the water coolant of two each cooling sections of cold-zone is assigned as: the cooling water inflow of two cold I sections accounts for 16～19% of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters, the cooling water inflow of two cold II sections accounts for 20～22% of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters, the cooling water inflow of two cold III sections accounts for 9～12% of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters, the cooling water inflow that the cooling water inflow of two cold IV sections accounts for 27～31% and two cold V sections of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters accounts for 17～21% of two cold-zone water coolant total Waters.
5. the preparation method of steel for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in described casting process, controlling Metal in Tundish superheating temperature is 15～35 ℃, crystallizer adopts induction stirring and controls cooling water flow is 1400～1600L/min, and casting speed is 0.40～0.55m/min.
6. the preparation method of steel for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described LF refinement step, add reductive agent to make white slag, and make the white slag hold-time more than 20min, wherein, by weight percentage, described reductive agent consist of the calcium carbide of 30～70 parts, the SiCa of 5～20 parts and the aluminium slag of 25～50 parts.
7. the preparation method of steel for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described vacuum refinement step, keep vacuum tightness≤66.7Pa, hold-time >=15 minute, until slag no longer foams and continues to keep more than 2 minutes, and after vacuum breaker, feed Si-Ca line 0.5～0.8Kg/t steel, then molten steel is carried out to quiet blowing.
8. the preparation method of steel for the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described continuous casting step, in the middle of controlling, unwrap and water liquid level >=650mm, process cast liquid level >=700mm, connects and waters liquid level >=450mm and finally stop to water liquid level >=300mm.
9. the large capacity gas cylinder of an electronic gas steel, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, the large capacity gas cylinder of described electronic gas is C:0.40～0.45% by the chemical composition of steel, Si:0.25～0.35%, Mn:0.85～1.00%, P≤0.013%, S≤0.008%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.015%, Ni≤0.18%, Cu≤0.18%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.025%, Al:0.015～0.040%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O]≤0.0020%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
10. the large capacity gas cylinder of electronic gas according to claim 9 steel, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, the large capacity gas cylinder of described electronic gas is C:0.41～0.44% by the chemical composition of steel optimization, Si:0.27～0.33%, Mn:0.86～0.98%, P≤0.011%, S≤0.005%, Cr:1.00～1.10%, Mo:0.20～0.25%, Ti≤0.010%, Ni≤0.15%, Cu≤0.15%, Sn≤0.010%, As≤0.023%, Al:0.015～0.040%, [H]≤0.0002%, [N]≤0.0070%, T[O]≤0.0020%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
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