Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail.Below by the embodiment being described with reference to the drawings, be exemplary, only for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the test experience of the siRNA of chemosynthesis to DNMT Gene silencing efficacy
1. key instrument, reagent and material.
1.1 instruments: PCR instrument (ABI company); Real-time PCR (Bio-Rad); Cell culture incubator (Thermo), gel imaging instrument (Alpha Innothech) etc.
1.2 materials and reagent: mRNA extracts purification kit (QIAGEN), liposome 2000 transfection reagents (Invitrogen), DMEM substratum (Gibco), Oligo (dT) (Promega), M-MLV (Promega), Tap enzyme (Takara) etc.
2. synthetic siRNA
In Genebank, find DNMT1, DNMT3a, the gene order (NO:NM-001379, NO:NM-175629, NO:NM-006892) of DNMT3b.By the design of the triumphant biotech firm of upper sea base and chemosynthesis, a pair of siRNA sequence of each gene design, * 2 of 2.0OD (5nmol), and have interference sequence and the negative control of positive control β-actin, as follows:
siRNA1:
Positive-sense strand: 5'-UCAGGAACGCGCACUGAAAtt-3 ' (SEQ ID NO:1),
Antisense strand: 5'-UUUCAGUGCGCGUUCCUGAtt-3 ' (SEQ ID NO:2).
siRNA2:
Positive-sense strand: 5 '-CAGAUGUUCUUCGCUAAUAtt-3 ' (SEQ ID NO:3),
Antisense strand: 5'-UAUUAGCGAAGAACAUCUGtt-3 ' (SEQ ID NO:4).
siRNA3:
Positive-sense strand: 5 '-GAUCAGAGCCGAGAACAAAtt-3 ' (SEQ ID NO:5),
Antisense strand: 5'-UUUGUUCUCGGCUCUGAUCtt-3 ' (SEQ ID NO:6).
β-actin?siRNA:
Positive-sense strand: 5'-ACCAGGUGCUACGCUCAGAAAtt-3 ',
Antisense strand: 5'-UCUGACUACUGUGAGGUCUtt-3 '.
Negative control (NC-siRNA)
Positive-sense strand: 5'-UUAAGUAGCUUGGCCUUGAtt-3 ',
Antisense strand: 5'-UCAAGGCCAAGCUACUUAAtt-3 '.
3. silence efficiency checking
3.1 cell cultures: liver cancer cell HepG2 is containing in the DMEM substratum of 10%FBS, 37 ℃, 5%CO
2incubator is cultivated.
3.2 cell bed board transfections: cell is pressed to 1 × 10
4/ hole is inoculated in 24 porocyte culture plates, at 37 ℃, 5%CO
2incubator cell cultures 24 hours, without dual anti-containing in the DMEM substratum of 10%FBS, transfection is according to the specification sheets transfection of lipofectamine 2000 (purchased from Invitrogen company), experiment is divided into untransfected group, negative control group and experimental group (80nM), wherein negative control group siRNA is general contrast siRNA, be NC-siRNA, without homology, concentration is 80nM/ hole with the sequence of DNMT gene.Transfection respectively simultaneously.
3.3RT-PCR detects DNMT gene mRNA level: with mRNA, extract purification kit (TurboCapture mRNA kit) and extract purifying cells RNA, operation is undertaken by test kit specification sheets, without RNA enzyme water/hole, dissolve RNA with 80 μ L, get 2 μ gRNA and add 0.6 μ LOligo (dT), aseptic DEPC water supplements volume to 20 μ L, 70 ℃ of sex change 10min.Insert rapidly ice-cold at least 5min; Operation on ice, add following reagent: 6.0 μ L5*buffer, 5.0 μ L2.5 μ M dNTPs, 1.0 μ L RNasin (40U/ μ L) and 1.0 μ L M-MLV are after mixing, of short duration centrifugal, hatch 1h for 37 ℃, 70 ℃ of 15min stopped reactions, by DNMT mrna expression level in gene-specific primer detection sample, the house-keeping gene β-actin that simultaneously increases is as internal reference contrast (primer sequence is as shown in table 1).Each reaction do 3 parallel.Set up following 25 μ L reaction systems: 1 μ L template cDNA, 0.5 μ L Tap E, the forward and reverse primer of each 1 μ L5 ' (0.5 μ M), 2.5 μ L10* reaction buffers, 2.5 μ L dNTP (0.2mM), use without RNA enzyme water and supply system to 25 μ L.Reaction conditions: 95 ℃ of denaturation 10min, 94 ℃ of sex change 30s, 60 ℃ of annealing 30s, 72 ℃ are extended 45s, circulate 36 times, fully extend 72 ℃ of 10min.Each PCR sample of equal volume carries out agarose gel electrophoresis (gum concentration: 1%).Wherein DNMT gene
Interpretation of result: from RT-PCR electrophoresis result: the HepG2 cell disturbing through RNA, in corresponding group, all decrease, the DNMT of untreated fish group and simulation control group changes no significant difference, and data do not show.
3.4 fluorescence real-time quantitative PCRs (QPCR) detect DNMT gene mRNA level: by DNMT mrna expression level (primer sequence is as shown in table 1) in gene-specific primer detection sample, the house-keeping gene β-actin that simultaneously increases contrasts as internal reference.Each reaction do 3 parallel.Set up following 25 μ L reaction systems: 1.0 μ L template eDNA, the forward and reverse primer of each 1 μ L5 ' (0.5 μ M), 1.0 μ L20 × Ever Green I, 0.5 μ L Hotstar TapE (5U/ μ L), uses without RNA enzyme water and supplies system to 25 μ L.Reaction conditions: 40 ℃ of reverse transcription 30min, 95 ℃ of denaturation 5min, 94 ℃ of sex change 20s, 60 ℃ of annealing 45s, 72 ℃ are extended 45s, circulate 40 times, fully extend 72 ℃ of 10min.
Interpretation of result: with β-actin internal reference, with real-time quantitative PCR 2
-Δ Δ ctmethod is determined DNMT mrna expression amount, and makes histogram, the results are shown in Figure 1a.As shown in the figure, ordinate zou represents the mrna expression level of DNMT with respect to β-actin; X-coordinate represents that 3 are processed experimental group, wherein " simulation transfection group " represents the negative control of transfection concentration 80nM NC-siRNA, other two groups is siRNA1 transfection experiment group, " siRNA1 " represents a kind of DNMT RNA interfering of independent transfection experimental group, " siRNA1+2+3 " represents three kinds of DNMT RNA interfering experimental group of cotransfection, and result shows the reticent successful of siRNA of the present invention to DNMT gene.
3.5 immunoblottings (western blot) detected DNMT expression of gene protein level: according to after 3.2 method transfectional cell 72 hours, with cell pyrolysis liquid (150mM sodium-chlor+1%NP-40 (washing agent)+0.1%SDS (washing agent)+2 μ g/ml Aprotinin (proteinase inhibitor) (adding before use)+2 μ g/ml Leupeptin (proteinase inhibitor) (adding before use) or 1mM PMSF (proteinase inhibitor)+1.5mM EDTA (proteinase inhibitor)+1mMNaVanadate (phospholipase inhibitor)) collecting cell, with BCA protein detection kit, carry out the mensuration of protein concentration, each experimental group is got 50 μ g albumen and is carried out SDS-PAGE, transferring film, 5% skim-milk sealing, add respectively DNMT1 antibody, DNMT3a antibody, DNMT3b antibody detects, take house keeping protein Tubulin as internal reference, observe the expression of DNMT albumen.
Interpretation of result: use the method for western blot to detect the expression level of each experimental group DNMT, DNMT1 is the biobelt of a 190kDa, consistent with the description of antibody specification sheets, in the group that has DNMT1 to disturb, all there is obvious reduction, the amplitude especially reducing in DNMT1+3a+3b group is more obvious; Simulation transfection group in without reduction.Expression and the DNMT1 of DNMT3a and DNMT3b are similar, in the group that has DNMT to disturb, without corresponding band, illustrate that the DNMT RNA interfering of the present invention's design can significantly reduce the expression level of DNMT albumen, more obviously (Fig. 1 is b) for three kinds of DNMT RNA interfering mixed effects.
The impact of embodiment 2:DNMT gene silencing on CTA genetic expression
1.RT-PCR detects the variation of CTA gene transcription level
1.1 key instruments, reagent and consumptive material are with embodiment 1
1.2RT-PCR experimental procedure is with embodiment 1 (corresponding primer sequence is in Table 1)
Interpretation of result: in HepG2 cell, use liposome siNRA to disturb after DNMT gene, two genes of visible CT10 and SSX1 have expressing again in various degree in siRNA1 group with in mixing interference group (siRNA1+2+3), for untreated fish group and simulation transfection group are without respective strap (data do not show).MAGE-1 and MAGE-3 have no significant change in each group.NY-ESO-1 is also without considerable change, and its excess-three kind CTA, CTp11, SCP1 and SSX4 do not detect expression (data do not show).
1.3 fluorescence real-time quantitative PCRs (QPCR) experimental procedure is with embodiment 1 (corresponding primer sequence is in Table 1)
Interpretation of result: QPCR detection display, MAGE1 is without considerable change.The trend of expressing again of CT10 and SSX1 is (data do not show) obviously.
2.Western blot detects the variation of CTA expression of gene protein level
The step of Westernblot, with embodiment 1, utilizes antibody for the CT10 protein antibodies in CTA albumen.
Interpretation of result: the expression of CT10 albumen is consistent with the result of RT-PCR, has significantly and expresses in siRNA1 group, is mixing more obviously (Fig. 2) of effect of interference group (siRNA1+2+3) expression.
The above results shows, siRNA1 group has promoted CT10 albumen in CTA molecule and the expression of SSX1, mixes interference group (siRNA1+2+3) effect more obvious.
The impact of embodiment 3:DNMT gene silencing on HLA genetic expression
1.RT-PCR detects the variation of HLA gene transcription level
1.1 key instruments, reagent and consumptive material are with embodiment 1
1.2RT-PCR experimental procedure is with embodiment 1 (corresponding primer sequence is in Table 1)
Interpretation of result: in HepG2 cell, use liposome siNRA to disturb after DNMT gene, HLA-A, HLA-B in visible HLA-I quasi-molecule, HLA-C gene have expressing again in various degree in siRNA1 group with in mixing interference group (siRNA1+2+3), HLA-II quasi-molecule and CIITA gene are all without band, and data do not show.
1.3 fluorescence real-time quantitative PCRs (QPCR) experimental procedure is with embodiment 1 (corresponding primer sequence is in Table 1)
Interpretation of result: take the relative expression that simulates three kinds of HLA-I quasi-molecules of transfection group as 1.In siRNA1 group and mixing interference group (siRNA1+2+3), relative expression's degree of HLA-A is respectively 5 and 8; Relative expression's degree of HLA-B is respectively 2.5 and 6; Relative expression's degree of HLA-C is respectively 30 and 45, and (Fig. 3 a).
2.Western blot detects the variation of HLA expression of gene protein level
The step of Western blot, with embodiment 1, utilizes antibody for HLA-I proteinoid antibody.
Interpretation of result: the expression of HLA-I proteinoid is consistent with the result of RT-PCR, has significantly and expresses in siRNA1 group, and more obviously (Fig. 3 b) for the effect of expressing again in mixing interference group (siRNA1+2+3).
The above results shows, siRNA1 group has promoted HLA-I quasi-molecule to express, and mixes interference group (siRNA1+2+3) effect more obvious.
The detection of the promoter methylation state of embodiment 4:CTA and HLA
1. instrument: PCR instrument (ABI company), gel imaging instrument (Alpha Innothech)
2. material and reagent: DNA extraction test kit (QIAGEN), purification column (Promega), Tap enzyme (Takara) etc.
3. experimental procedure
3.1DNA extracts: utilize the step that DNA extraction test kit (QIAGEN) is gone up to specifications to extract the total DNA of cell.
3.2DNA modifies: get 1-10 μ gDNA, be dissolved in 18 μ L sterilized waters 95 ℃ of water-bath sex change 20min, ice bath; Add 3M sodium hydroxide 2 μ L (to mix, pulse is centrifugal), 42 ℃ of water-bath sex change 20min, preparation 5M sodium bisulfite treatment solution (every duplicate samples 0.5ml, take preparation 4ml as example): get 1.9g sodium bisulfite and add in 2.5ml sterilized water, add 2M sodium hydroxide 0.7ml, add 1M Resorcinol (110mg/ml) 0.5ml, 50 ℃ of water-baths, are inverted repeatedly until dissolve completely; To above-mentioned 20 μ L DNA sex change liquid, add freshly prepared 5M sodium bisulfite treatment solution 380 μ L (mix, pulse is centrifugal); Add 200 μ L paraffin oils with vaporization prevention, 50 ℃ of water-bath 12-16h;
3.3DNA purification desalination: DNA purification column is installed, mark; The sample of above-mentioned processing is added in purification column (Promega) to vacuum take-off; Add 80% washed with isopropyl alcohol secondary; 12000rpm is centrifugal, removes residual liquid; DNA is eluted to (80 ℃ of water, 80 ℃ of temperature are bathed 5min, centrifugal) in 50 μ L sterilized waters; Add 3M sodium hydroxide 1 μ L, 37 ℃ of water-bath 15min; Add 5M ammonium acetate 166 μ L; Add the dehydrated alcohol of 2.5 times of volumes ,-70 ℃ of precipitation 0.5-1h; The centrifugal 20min of 10000rpm, abandons supernatant; 70% ethanol 200 μ L wash precipitation, and centrifugal 20min, abandons supernatant; DNA is dissolved in 30-50 μ L TE damping fluid to-20 ℃ of preservations.
The PCR reaction 3.4 methylate
3.4.1 design of primers: the primer sequence that methylates of HLA-I quasi-molecule is with reference to [Nie Y. such as Nie, et al.DNA hypermethylation is a mechanism for loss of expression of HLA CTAss I genes in human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.Carcinogenesis, 2001; 22:1615-1623] primer and the reaction system of document.MAGE primer sequence is with reference to [HondaT., et al.Demethylation of MAGE promotors during gastric cancer progression.British Journal of cancer, 2004 such as Honda; 90:838-843] document.The primer designed, designed that methylates of CT10, from the First Exon of www.genecards.org website download CT10 gene, 1000bp sequence and First Exon itself amount to 1190bp; Enter www.methprimer.com,, copy this section of sequence, select MSP primer, export online 5 pairs and methylate and the non-primer that methylates.Select first pair methylate and the non-primer that methylates test (primer sequence is shown in Table 2).
3.4.2 prepare reaction system
In 200 μ L PCR pipes, add following composition, and mix.
3.4.3 set reaction conditions
95 ℃ of sex change 15min, 94 ℃ of sex change 2min subsequently, 60 ℃ of annealing 2min, 72 ℃ are extended 2min, 4 circulations of increasing, then 94 ℃ of sex change 30s, 60 ℃ of annealing 45s, 72 ℃ are extended 20s, 30-35 the circulation of increasing; Finally continue to extend 10min.Methylate primer and the isogenic non-primer that methylates used identical condition.
3.4.4PCR product gel electrophoresis
Prepare 1.5% sepharose, get PCR product 5 μ L, 6* sample-loading buffer 1 μ L, Marker4 μ L.90mv, 30-40min observes electrophoresis situation under UV-light, and Marker distal-most end stops electrophoresis while migrating to gel 3/4 length.
Interpretation of result: experiment finds that CT10 promoter region is in methylated, after DNMT disturbs, the non-band that methylates in various degree can be detected, and meanwhile, band in addition significantly methylates.The promoter region of MAGE-1 is the non-band that methylates, and does not see the band that methylates (data do not show).
HLA-A can detect the non-band that methylates and methylate, and HLA-B and HLA-C have the non-band that methylates, for the band that methylates (data do not show) being detected.
Table 1RT-PCR primer sequence, condition and length
Table 2 methylate primer, sequence and length
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: in the situation that not departing from principle of the present invention and aim, can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment, scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.