CN103756550B - The preparation method of the hybridized aqueous anti-icing paint of a kind of one pack system and coating thereof and application - Google Patents
The preparation method of the hybridized aqueous anti-icing paint of a kind of one pack system and coating thereof and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN103756550B CN103756550B CN201410019362.5A CN201410019362A CN103756550B CN 103756550 B CN103756550 B CN 103756550B CN 201410019362 A CN201410019362 A CN 201410019362A CN 103756550 B CN103756550 B CN 103756550B
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
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- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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Landscapes
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of hybridized aqueous anti-icing paint of one-component, mainly includes hybridisation emulsion. Preferably, described hybridisation emulsion is nanometer particle-modified polymer emulsion. The present invention also provides for comprising the coating of this coating, the preparation method of this coating, the painting method of coating, and a kind of method forming ice-covering-proof coating at substrate surface. The hybridized aqueous anti-icing paint of one pack system of the present invention with water for disperse medium, environmental protection. Coating is made to have the wearability of excellence and extend its service life after film-forming. It is coated with this ice-covering-proof coating at substrate surfaces such as metal, glass, macromolecule engineering materials, the ice addisive strength of substrate surface can be reduced, compare other similar materials and have the advantage that technique is simple, applied widely, it is easy to large-area construction, anti-icing performance are excellent, mechanical performance is superior and coating is easily repaired.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemistry, chemical industry and materials, and relates to a single-component hybrid water-based anti-icing coating, and a preparation method and application of a coating thereof.
Background
The weather such as freezing rain, frosting, snowfall and the like causes a great deal of inconvenience for the life of people. Severe is that such weather often results in ice coating on surfaces of roads, vehicles, ships, airplanes, power transmission line facilities, communication facilities, wind power generators, dams, offshore platforms, and radar antennas and radomes. The ice coating phenomenon not only causes the damage and the failure of equipment and facilities to cause economic loss, but also causes serious disasters to cause personal injury and death. For example, in 2008, snow disaster in south China, the direct economic loss caused by the snow disaster is as high as 150 billion yuan RMB. For example, the phenomenon of icing on the wings of an airplane has led to multiple crash accidents.
The physical ice-coating prevention method is generally to heat the surface of a base material by an electric heating method, so that the ice coating or frosting on the surface of the base material can be effectively prevented, but the energy consumption is too large. Chemical ice-coating prevention methods are generally applied to the field of ice coating prevention on aircraft surfaces, and ice formation inhibitors are generally coated on the surfaces of the aircraft surfaces. On one hand, the liquid cannot be stably existed on the surface of the airplane for a long time, the service life is short, and repeated construction is needed; on the other hand, the lost liquid causes environmental pollution. In recent years, it is reported that the surface of a hydrophobic or super-hydrophobic material can be used in the field of ice coating prevention, however, the material can only play a role in delaying icing or frosting to a certain extent, in addition, the mechanical property of the surface of the material is poor, and the surface structure is easily damaged in the using process, so that the function of delaying icing is lost.
In general, the currently widely used ice coating prevention method generally has the defects of large energy consumption, low efficiency, easy environmental pollution and the like, so that an ice coating prevention way with easy construction, low energy consumption, high efficiency and no pollution is urgently needed to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-component hybrid water-based anti-icing coating and a preparation method thereof.
The invention also aims to provide an anti-icing coating and a preparation method thereof.
The invention also aims to provide a single-component hybrid water-based anti-icing coating and application of the coating thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a single-component hybrid water-based anti-icing coating mainly comprises a hybrid emulsion.
According to the invention, the coating consists of a hybrid emulsion, the mass fraction of which is 70 to 100%, preferably 80 to 95%.
According to the invention, the hybrid emulsion is a nanoparticle-modified polymer emulsion.
According to the invention, the nanoparticle-modified polymer emulsion is selected from: the polymer is a polymer emulsion, a polymer emulsion or a polymer-grafted polymer, a polymer-grafted polymer or a polymer-embedded polymer-grafted polymer.
According to the invention, the mass fraction of the nanoparticles is 0-20%, preferably 1-15%, more preferably 2-10% of the mass of the polymer emulsion.
According to the invention, the nanoparticles are selected from inorganic mineral nanoparticles such as silica, diatomite and the like, clay nanoparticles such as montmorillonite, kaolin and the like, metal oxide nanoparticles such as titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide and the like, and other inorganic nanoparticles such as carbon black, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes and the like.
According to the present invention, the polymer emulsion may be a non-crosslinked type polymer emulsion in which an aqueous polymer having a molecular weight of more than 10000 is dispersed in water. The polymer emulsion is selected from one or more of waterborne polyurethane, waterborne acrylate, waterborne epoxy resin, waterborne polyolefin and waterborne silicone, such as a blend or a copolymer of two or more of the above.
The copolymer can be formed by grafting or blocking one of the polymers with other raw materials. For example, the polyurethane is added with acrylate monomer to graft polymerize to form polyurethane-polyacrylate copolymer.
According to the invention, the polymer emulsion can also be selected from ultraviolet light-curable polymer emulsions formed by dispersing a double-bond-containing aqueous polymer and an aqueous photoinitiator in water. The double-bond waterborne polymer can be one or a mixture or a copolymer of more of waterborne polyurethane, waterborne acrylate, waterborne epoxy resin, waterborne polyolefin, waterborne organosilicon and the like, wherein the molecular chain of the waterborne polymer has double bonds. The aqueous photoinitiator is a conventional aqueous ultraviolet photoinitiator in the field, such as aqueous acetophenone photoinitiator and aqueous benzophenone photoinitiator.
According to the invention, the polymer emulsion can also be a crosslinkable cured polymer emulsion formed by dispersing a water-based polymer with active groups and a water-based latent curing agent in water. The waterborne polymer with the active group can be one or a blend or a copolymer of more of waterborne polyurethane, waterborne acrylate, waterborne epoxy resin, waterborne polyolefin, waterborne organosilicon and the like with epoxy groups, double bonds, hydroxyl groups, amino groups and other groups in a molecular chain. The latent curing agent is a conventional latent curing agent in the field, such as a modified amine aqueous crosslinking curing agent for crosslinking an epoxy group, such as a blocked isocyanate emulsion for crosslinking a hydroxyl group and an amino group, and such as a metal catalyst for crosslinking a double bond.
According to the present invention, the polymer emulsion may further comprise two or three of the non-crosslinked polymer emulsion, the ultraviolet-curable polymer emulsion, and the crosslinkable curable polymer emulsion.
According to the invention, the paint also comprises the addition auxiliary agents of the hybrid emulsion, such as wetting agents, flatting agents, defoaming agents, film forming auxiliary agents, thickening agents, anti-aging agents and the like which are conventional in the field, and pigments, fillers and the like.
According to the invention, the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is as follows: 0-1% of wetting agent; 0-2% of defoaming agent; 0-4% of a leveling agent; 0-6% of film-forming additive; 0-1% of thickening agent; 0-1% of anti-aging agent; 0-30% of filler and 0-20% of pigment.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the single-component hybrid water-based anti-icing coating, which is characterized by comprising the step of directly forming the optional hybrid emulsion or adding an auxiliary agent to form the anti-icing coating.
According to the invention, the anti-icing coating consists directly of a hybrid emulsion.
According to the invention, the anti-icing coating can also be formed by adding a hybrid emulsion and a hybrid emulsion addition auxiliary agent into a hybrid emulsion, wherein the mass percentages of the raw materials are as follows:
the mass fraction of the hybrid emulsion is 70-100%, preferably 80-95%;
the addition amount of the addition agent of the hybrid emulsion is 0-1% of the wetting agent; 0-2% of defoaming agent; 0-4% of a leveling agent; 0-6% of film-forming additive; 0-30% of filler and 0-20% of pigment.
The invention also provides a single-component hybrid water-based anti-icing coating which is characterized by comprising the anti-icing coating and a base material.
According to the invention, the base material is selected from metals or alloys such as iron, carbon steel, stainless steel, red copper, aluminum alloy and the like, inorganic materials such as glass, ceramics and the like, engineering materials such as high polymer materials and the like.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-icing coating, which is characterized in that the anti-icing coating is coated on the surface of a base material and is solidified into a film under proper conditions to obtain the anti-icing coating.
According to the invention, the coating mode comprises one or more of brushing, rolling, spraying or dipping and other construction modes.
According to the invention, the solidified film can be formed by directly drying the anti-icing coating, can be formed by ultraviolet light solidification, can be formed by crosslinking solidification, and can be formed by one or more of the three film-forming modes.
According to the invention, the direct drying film forming means that the ice coating prevention coating composed of the non-crosslinking polymer emulsion forms a coating layer only by water volatilization film forming at room temperature or under heating condition.
According to the invention, the ultraviolet curing film forming refers to an anti-icing coating comprising an ultraviolet curable polymer emulsion, wherein under the ultraviolet curing condition, double bonds in a polymer molecular chain are crosslinked and cured under the action of a photoinitiator, and moisture is volatilized to form a film to form a coating.
According to the invention, the crosslinking curing film-forming refers to that the anti-icing coating comprising the crosslinkable curing polymer emulsion is crosslinked and cured under the conditions of heating, oxidation, radiation and the like, and water is volatilized to form a film to form a coating.
Preferably, the method comprises: the anti-icing coating is coated on the surface of a base material in a brushing mode, a rolling mode, a spraying mode or a dip-coating mode, and the like, and is solidified to form a film under proper conditions, so that the anti-icing coating is obtained.
The invention also provides an application of the anti-icing coating and a coating thereof in preventing the substrate from icing.
According to the invention, the anti-icing coating and the coating thereof can be applied to any fields needing surface icing prevention, such as aviation, aerospace, ships, vehicles, roads, bridges, power transmission lines, power grids, power stations, dams, heat exchangers, refrigerators and the like.
The invention also provides a method for preventing the surface of the substrate from being coated with ice, which comprises the step of coating the ice-coating-preventing coating on the surface of the substrate in a brushing way, a roller coating way, a spraying way, a dipping way and the like. Preferably, the method further comprises curing the anti-icing coating applied to the surface of the substrate to form a coating layer.
Compared with other similar materials, the single-component hybrid water-based anti-icing coating and the coating thereof have the following advantages:
(1) the process is simple: the preparation process of the anti-icing coating is simple and easy to implement, and the anti-icing coating can be obtained by blending the polymer emulsion and the water-based nanoparticle emulsion; the ice-coating-proof coating is simple in construction process, and can be coated on the surface of a base material in a brushing, rolling, spraying or dip-coating mode.
(2) Wide application range and easy large-area construction: the anti-icing coating can be widely applied to the surfaces of metals and alloys such as stainless steel, aluminum alloy and the like, the surfaces of inorganic materials such as ceramics and the like, and the surfaces of base materials such as high polymer materials and the like, and can be used for large-area construction in a brushing, roller coating, spraying or dip-coating mode.
(3) The ice coating resistance is excellent: the anti-icing coating forms a coating on the surface of the base material, so that the roughness of the surface of the base material can be reduced, and the surface of the coating has low ice adhesion strength, so that the ice layer is easy to fall off automatically or the ice is easy to remove.
(4) The mechanical properties are excellent: the anti-icing coating is composed of a hybrid polymer emulsion, wherein the rigid nano particles can improve the mechanical property of the coating and prolong the service life of the coating.
(5) The coating is easy to repair: the anti-icing coating can be used for repairing damaged or fallen surfaces in a long-term use process only by recoating the anti-icing coating on the damaged or fallen areas to form the coating.
The ice-coating-proof coating formed by coating the ice-coating-proof coating on the surface of the base material can reach ice adhesion strength of 30-60 kPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate in example 1 was tested for ice viscosity strength;
FIG. 2: the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate in example 2 was tested for ice viscosity strength;
FIG. 3: the ice viscosity strength of the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate in example 3 was tested;
FIG. 4: the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate in example 4 was tested for ice viscosity strength.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to examples. It should be noted that the examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that any modifications and variations based on the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) And mixing 90 parts of aqueous polyurethane-acrylate emulsion and 10 parts of aqueous nano-silica emulsion, and uniformly stirring to obtain the single-component hybrid aqueous anti-icing coating.
(2) And coating the coating on the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate in a brush coating manner, and drying at room temperature to form a film, thereby obtaining the anti-icing coating.
Example 2
(1) Fully and uniformly mixing a certain mass of waterborne epoxy-acrylate emulsion and stoichiometric modified imidazole latent waterborne curing agent by a high-speed stirrer.
(2) And (3) uniformly mixing 95 parts of the mixed emulsion and 5 parts of the aqueous nano-silica emulsion to obtain the crosslinkable and curable anti-icing coating.
(3) The anti-icing coating is coated on the surface of an aluminum alloy base material in a brush coating mode, and is solidified into a film at 220 ℃ to obtain the anti-icing coating.
Example 3
(1) Poly (ethylene adipate) glycol (M)nAdding =1000, 65 g), isophorone diisocyanate (31 g) and dimethylolpropionic acid (6.7 g) into a three-neck flask, heating to 80 ℃, stirring, reacting under the protection of nitrogen until the content of-NCO groups reaches a theoretical value, and adding a proper amount of acetone to reduce the viscosity according to the viscosity of a system; adding a stoichiometric sealant caprolactam, reacting for 2 hours at 80 ℃, and blocking-NCO until-NCO basically reacts completely; cooling to 40 ℃, adding triethylamine (5 g), and neutralizing for 15min to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; and dispersing the polyurethane prepolymer into deionized water by adjusting and stirring to obtain the crosslinkable and curable aqueous polyurethane emulsion.
(2) And (3) uniformly mixing 95 parts of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion and 5 parts of aqueous nano-silica emulsion to obtain the crosslinkable and curable anti-icing coating.
(3) And coating the anti-icing paint on the surface of the aluminum alloy substrate in a brush coating manner, and drying at 180 ℃ to form a film to obtain the anti-icing coating.
Example 4
(1) Mixing polyethylene glycol (M)n=1000, 65 g), adding toluene diisocyanate (26 g) into a three-neck flask, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring, and reacting for 2h under the protection of nitrogen; then dimethylol propionic acid (6.7 g) is added and reacted for 2h at 80 ℃; cooling to 60 ℃, adding hydroxyethyl methacrylate (1.5 g) and hydroquinone (0.5 g), and reacting for 2 h; cooling to 40 ℃, adding triethylamine to carry out neutralization reaction for 0.5h to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; dispersing the polyurethane prepolymer into deionized water by high-speed stirring to obtain the light-curable polyurethane emulsion.
(3) And uniformly mixing 95 parts of polyurethane emulsion, 5 parts of double-bond water-based nano-silica emulsion and a proper amount of water-based photoinitiator to obtain the light-curable water-based anti-icing coating.
(4) And brushing the anti-icing coating on the surface of the aluminum alloy base material in a brushing way, drying at room temperature or 60 ℃ to form a film, and irradiating the film for 5min by using ultraviolet light for photocuring to obtain the anti-icing coating.
Example 5
(1) Poly (ethylene adipate) glycol (M)n= 1000), isophorone diisocyanate (37 g), dimethylol propionic acid (6.7 g) are added into a three-neck flask, heated to 80 ℃ and stirred, and reacted under the protection of nitrogen until the-NCO group content reaches the theoretical value, and a proper amount of acetone is added according to the viscosity of the system to reduce the viscosity; adding hydroxyethyl methacrylate (1.8 g), and reacting at 80 ℃ for 1 h; adding stoichiometric blocking agent methyl ethyl ketoxime, reacting for 2h at 80 ℃, and blocking unreacted-NCO until the-NCO basically reacts completely; cooling to 40 ℃, adding triethylamine, and neutralizing for 15min to obtain a polyurethane prepolymer; and dispersing the polyurethane prepolymer into deionized water by adjusting and stirring to obtain the water-based polyurethane emulsion capable of being heated and cured by ultraviolet rays.
(2) And uniformly mixing 95 parts of the waterborne polyurethane emulsion, 5 parts of waterborne nano-silica emulsion with double bonds and a proper amount of waterborne photoinitiator to obtain the heatable-ultraviolet dual-curing anti-icing coating.
(3) And coating the anti-icing coating on the surface of an aluminum alloy substrate in a brush coating manner, crosslinking and curing at 150 ℃ to form a film for 3 hours, and then irradiating by using ultraviolet light for 5min for photocuring to obtain the anti-icing coating.
Test example 1
The aluminum alloy substrate having the ice coating preventing paint coated on the surface thereof prepared in the above example 1 was tested for ice adhesion strength under the conditions of-5 deg.c humidity and 20% humidity. The ice adhesion strength measured after 5 hours of equilibration of the iced samples under the test conditions is shown in figure 1.
On the surface of the aluminum alloy base material without the anti-icing coating, the ice viscosity strength is as high as 1180kPa, while on the surface of the base material with the anti-icing coating, the ice adhesion strength is obviously reduced and is only about 45 kPa.
Test example 2
The aluminum alloy substrate coated with the ice-over preventing coating on the surface prepared in the above example 2 was subjected to a test of ice adhesion strength under conditions of a temperature of-10 ℃ and a humidity of 60%. The ice adhesion strength measured after 5 hours of equilibration of the iced samples under the test conditions is shown in figure 2.
On the surface of the aluminum alloy base material without the anti-icing coating, the ice adhesion strength is as high as 1180kPa, and on the surface of the base material with the anti-icing coating, the ice adhesion strength is obviously reduced and is only about 54 kPa.
Test example 3
The aluminum alloy substrate coated with the ice-over preventing coating on the surface prepared in the above example 5 was subjected to a test of ice adhesion strength under conditions of a temperature of-15 ℃ and a humidity of 40%. The ice adhesion strength measured after 5 hours of equilibration of the iced samples under the test conditions is shown in figure 3.
On the surface of the aluminum alloy base material without the anti-icing coating, the ice viscosity strength is as high as 1180kPa, while on the surface of the base material with the anti-icing coating, the ice adhesion strength is obviously reduced and is only about 32 kPa.
Test example 4
The aluminum alloy substrate having the ice coating preventing paint coated on the surface thereof prepared in the above example 4 was subjected to the ice adhesion strength test at various temperatures. The measured ice adhesion strength is shown in fig. 4.
At temperatures above-40 ℃, the ice adhesion strength of the coating surface is very low, only around 44 kPa. The ice adhesion strength tends to increase as the temperature further decreases to-50 ℃ to-60 ℃. At this point, the effect of the anti-icing coating is no longer significant.
Claims (19)
1. The single-component hybrid water-based anti-icing coating is characterized by consisting of a hybrid emulsion and an optional additive of the hybrid emulsion, wherein the mass fraction of the hybrid emulsion is 70-100%;
the hybrid emulsion is polymer emulsion modified by nano particles, and the addition amount of the nano particles is 1-15% of the mass of the hybrid emulsion;
the additive of the hybrid emulsion is one or more selected from wetting agent, flatting agent, defoaming agent, film-forming additive, thickening agent, anti-aging agent, pigment and filler,
the polymer emulsion is selected from one or more of non-crosslinking polymer emulsions of waterborne polyurethane, waterborne acrylate, waterborne epoxy resin, waterborne polyolefin and waterborne silicone; or,
the polymer emulsion is selected from ultraviolet light curable polymer emulsion formed by dispersing a water-based polymer with double bonds and a water-based photoinitiator in water; wherein the double-bond waterborne polymer is a blend or copolymer of one or more of waterborne polyurethane, waterborne acrylate, waterborne epoxy resin, waterborne polyolefin and waterborne organosilicon, wherein the molecular chain of the double-bond waterborne polymer is provided with double bonds; or,
the polymer emulsion is a crosslinkable cured polymer emulsion formed by dispersing a water-based polymer with active groups and a water-based latent curing agent in water; the waterborne polymer with the active group is a blend or copolymer of one or more of waterborne polyurethane, waterborne acrylate, waterborne epoxy resin, waterborne polyolefin and waterborne organic silicon, wherein the molecular chain of the waterborne polymer is provided with epoxy groups, double bonds, hydroxyl groups and amino groups; or,
the polymer emulsion is composed of two or three of the non-crosslinking polymer emulsion, the ultraviolet light curable polymer emulsion and the crosslinkable curable polymer emulsion.
2. The anti-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the nanoparticles are added in an amount of 2-10% by mass of the hybrid emulsion.
3. The anti-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the nanoparticles are selected from one or more of inorganic mineral nanoparticles, carbon black, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes.
4. The anti-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that said nanoparticles are selected from clay nanoparticles.
5. The anti-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the nanoparticles are selected from metal oxide nanoparticles.
6. The ice-over resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that said nanoparticles are selected from one or more of silica, diatomaceous earth, montmorillonite, kaolin, titanium dioxide, alumina, zinc oxide, carbon black, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes.
7. The anti-icing coating according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the nanoparticle-modified polymer emulsion is selected from: the polymer emulsion is physically blended with the nanoparticle emulsion or the aqueous dispersion system to form a blending system, and the nanoparticles are used for chemically modifying the polymer to form a copolymerization system.
8. The anti-icing coating according to claim 7, characterized in that the nanoparticle-modified polymer emulsion is selected from: the nano particle graft polymer is modified by copolymerization or the nano particle is embedded and copolymerized by the polymer.
9. The anti-icing coating according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mass fraction of the hybrid emulsion in the coating is 80 to 95%.
10. The anti-icing coating according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is: 0-1% of wetting agent; 0-2% of defoaming agent; 0-4% of a leveling agent; 0-6% of film-forming additive; 0-1% of thickening agent; 0-1% of anti-aging agent; 0-30% of filler and 0-20% of pigment.
11. The anti-icing coating according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the polymer emulsion is selected from non-crosslinked polymer emulsions formed by dispersing an aqueous polymer having a molecular weight greater than 10000 in water;
the water-based photoinitiator is a water-based acetophenone photoinitiator or a water-based benzophenone photoinitiator;
the latent curing agent is selected from modified amine waterborne crosslinking curing agents for crosslinking epoxy groups, blocked isocyanate emulsion for crosslinking hydroxyl groups and amino groups and metal catalysts for crosslinking double bonds.
12. A method of preparing the one-component hybrid aqueous anti-icing coating of any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that the method comprises:
and (3) adding an auxiliary agent into the hybrid emulsion optionally to form the anti-icing coating.
13. A one-component hybrid aqueous anti-icing coating, characterized in that the coating comprises the anti-icing coating of any one of claims 1 to 11 and a substrate,
the base material is selected from iron, carbon steel, stainless steel, red copper, aluminum alloy, glass, ceramic and high polymer materials.
14. A method of forming an anti-icing coating on a surface of a substrate, the method comprising: the anti-icing coating of any one of claims 1 to 11 is coated on the surface of a substrate and is solidified into a film under appropriate conditions by brushing, rolling, spraying or dipping to obtain the anti-icing coating.
15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the cured film is formed by directly drying the anti-icing coating, forming a film by ultraviolet curing, forming a film by crosslinking curing, or forming a film by one or more of the three film-forming methods.
16. Use of the anti-icing coating of any one of claims 1 to 11 or the anti-icing coating of claim 13 for preventing icing of a substrate.
17. Use according to claim 16, wherein the anti-icing coating or coating is applied to aeronautics, astronautics, ships, vehicles, roads, bridges, power transmission lines, power grids, power stations, dams, heat exchangers, refrigerators.
18. A method for preventing the surface of a substrate from being iced, which comprises applying the anti-icing coating of any one of claims 1 to 11 to the surface of the substrate by brushing, rolling, spraying or dipping.
19. The method of claim 18, further comprising curing the ice-over protective coating applied to the surface of the substrate to form a film to form the coating of claim 13.
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