CN103755528A - Method for preparing phenol through catalytic pyrolysis of biomass - Google Patents
Method for preparing phenol through catalytic pyrolysis of biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN103755528A CN103755528A CN201410019408.3A CN201410019408A CN103755528A CN 103755528 A CN103755528 A CN 103755528A CN 201410019408 A CN201410019408 A CN 201410019408A CN 103755528 A CN103755528 A CN 103755528A
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- phosphoric acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/004—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by obtaining phenols from plant material or from animal material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of utilization of biomass energy, and particularly relates to a method for preparing phenol through catalytic pyrolysis of biomass under the combined action of phosphate and activated carbon. The method comprises the following steps: loading phosphate on biomass in an impregnation manner; and by taking the biomass impregnated with the phosphate as a raw material and activated carbon as a catalyst, mechanically mixing the both, performing flash pyrolysis under oxygen-free conditions at 280-450 DEG C, and condensing the pyrolysis gas to obtain a phenol-enriched liquid product, wherein both the phenol yield and the phenol purity in the liquid product are high. Besides, the activated carbon catalyst is stable in performance, and can be recycled after separation and recovery; and the solid coke product containing the phosphate can be activated for preparation of the activated carbon for catalyzing the pyrolysis process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field that utilizes of biomass energy, be specifically related to a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing for the method for phenol.
Background technology
Phenol is a kind of common bulk chemical, be widely used in chemical industry and medical field, can be used for producing Chemicals and the intermediates such as resol, hexanolactam, dihydroxyphenyl propane, Whitfield's ointment, picric acid, Pentachlorophenol, hexanodioic acid, phenolphthalein, also can be used for manufacturing sanitas, sterilant, sterilant and sterilizing agent etc.At present, the output of natural phenol far can not meet the needs in market, has therefore occurred the multiple method of preparing phenol, comprises sulfonated alkali fusion method, Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene method and cumene method etc.
Lignocellulose-like biomass, as a kind of reproducible resource, has the advantages such as source is wide, total amount is large, pollution-free, price is low.In biomass pyrolysis process, the decomposition of xylogen can form multiple phenolic product, comprising phenol; According to the difference of raw material and pyrolytic reaction condition, the productive rate of phenol has obvious difference.But generally speaking, the content of phenol in biomass pyrolytic liquid is no more than 1%, cause, to its separating-purifying difficulty very, and there is no good economy.Therefore,, if take biomass prepares phenol as raw material, must improve pyrolytic process Pyrogentisinic Acid's selectivity.
For realizing biomass by selective pyrolysis, prepare aldehydes matter, the general method adopting is in pyrolytic process, to introduce suitable catalyzer.Chinese patent (grant number: CN102070408B) disclose a kind of phosphoric acid salt catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making that utilizes for the method for lightweight phenols organic mixture; Chinese patent application (application number: CN201210310261.4) disclose a kind of coke catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making that utilizes for the method for phenols organic mixture.These two kinds of methods adopt respectively single catalyst to carry out catalyse pyrolysis to biomass, thereby can selectivity prepare phenolic product, but the phenolic product obtaining is the mixture that comprises the multiple aldehydes matter of phenol, in this mixture, phenol is not absolute main product.Because aldehydes matter all has similar structure and close boiling point, therefore from this phenol mixture, separating-purifying phenol remains the very thing of difficulty.Generally speaking, disclosed these the two kinds of methods of existing document, still cannot successfully realize selectivity pyrolysis and prepare this single product of phenol.Therefore, also need further to seek the high efficiency method that biomass by selective pyrolysis is prepared phenol (single product rather than phenols organic mixture).
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing for the method for phenol.
According to method provided by the invention, first by phosphoric acid salt dip loading in biomass, then the biomass of impregnation of phosphoric acid salt of take are raw material, take gac as catalyzer, by catalyzer and raw material, according to mass ratio, be (8:1)～(1:4) carry out mechanically mixing, under oxygen free condition, in 280～450 ℃, carry out fast pyrogenation reaction, collect pyrolysis gas, condensation obtains the product liquid of phenol-rich.
Preferably, described phosphoric acid salt comprises the arbitrary combination of a kind of or above-mentioned substance in Tripotassium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, tertiary sodium phosphate, Sodium phosphate dibasic, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC.Preferred, described phosphoric acid salt is Tripotassium phosphate or dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, described is that the method with incipient impregnation or excessive dipping is carried in biomass by the phosphoric acid salt of certain mass by phosphoric acid salt dip loading in biomass, and the mass ratio of phosphoric acid salt and biomass is (1:1)～(1:50).
Preferably, described biomass are lignocellulose-like biomass raw material, comprise the arbitrary combination of a kind of or above-mentioned substance in farm crop, agricultural waste material, timber or timber waste.Raw material is crushed to below 1mm before use.
Preferably, described gac is black powder shape or granular decolorizing carbon.Gac, as catalyzer, is crushed to below 1mm before use.
Preferably, described oxygen free condition refers to that reaction system maintains under inertia anaerobic shielding gas environment.
Preferably, the temperature rise rate of described pyrolytic reaction is not less than 100 ℃/s.
Preferably, the time of described pyrolytic reaction is no more than 40s.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
It is catalyzer that phosphoric acid salt and gac are take in the present invention simultaneously, the product liquid by associating catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making for phenol-rich.In biomass pyrolysis process, phosphoric acid salt and gac can both suppress Mierocrystalline cellulose separately and hemicellulose pyrolysis forms organic product liquid; In addition, under both associating katalysis, can significantly promote xylogen pyrolysis to form phenol, suppress xylogen pyrolysis simultaneously and generate other phenolic product; Therefore, under two kinds of catalyzer associating katalysis, the productive rate of phenol is very high, and the composition of product liquid is comparatively simple, and the purity of phenol is also very high.This associating katalysis and two kinds of catalyzer be independent katalysis completely different (separately separately in catalytic process, can promote the formation of multiple phenolic product, thereby obtain the mixture of multiple aldehydes matter) separately.Because the purity of phenol in product liquid is very high, the content of other phenolic product is very low, makes its follow-up separating-purifying comparatively simple.In addition, gac is as catalyst performance stabilised, corrosion-free to equipment, and environmentally safe can be through the modes such as mechanical separation Separation and Recovery recycling from solid residue after reaction finishes.Again, phosphoric acid salt has good chemical activation effect, contain phosphatic solid coke can be after chemical activation direct production gac, as the required activated-carbon catalyst of the technical program.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing for the method for phenol, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Percentage composition in following embodiment is quality percentage composition if no special instructions.
Embodiment 1
Get 10g dip loading the poplar of 5% Tripotassium phosphate (particle diameter is 0.1-0.3mm) be raw material, the gac of take carries out mechanically mixing as catalyzer, the mass ratio of poplar and gac is 1:1, then by mixture pyrolysis 20s under 360 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere, the liquid product yield obtaining is 45.6%, and wherein the productive rate of water is 33.3%, and organic productive rate is 12.3%, by the gas chromatographic analysis content of phenol wherein, calculate and learn that the productive rate of phenol is 7.8%.
Embodiment 2
Get 20g dip loading the poplar of 10% dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (particle diameter is 0.1-0.3mm) be raw material, the gac of take carries out mechanically mixing as catalyzer, the mass ratio of poplar and gac is 1:2, then by mixture pyrolysis 30s under 350 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere, the liquid product yield obtaining is 43.1%, and wherein the productive rate of water is 33.7%, and organic productive rate is 9.4%, by the gas chromatographic analysis content of phenol wherein, calculate and learn that the output of phenol is 7.5%.
Embodiment 3
Get 10g dip loading the nut-shell of 10% Tripotassium phosphate (particle diameter is 0.1-0.3mm) be raw material, the gac of take carries out mechanically mixing as catalyzer, the mass ratio of poplar and gac is 1:1, then by mixture pyrolysis 20s under 380 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere, the liquid product yield obtaining is 46.2%, and wherein the productive rate of water is 33.0%, and organic productive rate is 13.2%, by the gas chromatographic analysis content of phenol wherein, calculate and learn that the output of phenol is 8.6%.
Embodiment 4
Getting the nut-shell (particle diameter is 0.1-0.3mm) that 20g flooded 15% tertiary sodium phosphate is raw material, the gac of take carries out mechanically mixing as catalyzer, the mass ratio of poplar and gac is 1:2, then by mixture pyrolysis 30s under 340 ℃, nitrogen atmosphere, the liquid product yield obtaining is 41.1%, and wherein the productive rate of water is 32.0%, and organic productive rate is 9.1%, by the gas chromatographic analysis content of phenol wherein, calculate and learn that the output of phenol is 7.6%.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is utilized phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making for the method for phenol, it is characterized in that, first by phosphoric acid salt dip loading in biomass, then the biomass of impregnation of phosphoric acid salt of take are raw material, take gac as catalyzer, by catalyzer and raw material, according to mass ratio, are that (8:1)～(1:4) carries out mechanically mixing, under oxygen free condition, carry out fast pyrogenation reaction in 280～450 ℃, collect pyrolysis gas, condensation obtains the product liquid of phenol-rich.
2. a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing according to claim 1 is for the method for phenol, it is characterized in that, described phosphoric acid salt comprises the arbitrary combination of a kind of or above-mentioned substance in Tripotassium phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium primary phosphate, tertiary sodium phosphate, Sodium phosphate dibasic, SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC.
3. a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing according to claim 1 is for the method for phenol, it is characterized in that, described is that the method with incipient impregnation or excessive dipping is carried in biomass by the phosphoric acid salt of certain mass by phosphoric acid salt dip loading in biomass, and the mass ratio of phosphoric acid salt and biomass is (1:1)～(1:50).
4. a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing according to claim 1 is for the method for phenol, it is characterized in that, described biomass are lignocellulose-like biomass raw material, comprise the arbitrary combination of a kind of or above-mentioned substance in farm crop, agricultural waste material, timber or timber waste.
5. a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing according to claim 1, for the method for phenol, is characterized in that, described gac is black powder shape or granular decolorizing carbon.
6. a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing according to claim 1, for the method for phenol, is characterized in that, described oxygen free condition refers to that reaction system maintains under inertia anaerobic shielding gas environment.
7. a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing according to claim 1, for the method for phenol, is characterized in that, the temperature rise rate of described pyrolytic reaction is not less than 100 ℃/s.
8. a kind of phosphoric acid salt and activated carbon combined catalyse pyrolysis biomass-making of utilizing according to claim 1, for the method for phenol, is characterized in that, the time of described pyrolytic reaction is no more than 40s.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104341273A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-02-11 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing 4-ethylphenol by performing catalytic pyrolysis on biomass |
| CN106318477A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing high-grade liquid fuel by biomass catalytic pyrolysis |
| CN106517190A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 陕西科技大学 | Co-production method of monophenol compound and activated carbon by lignin catalytic pyrolysis |
| CN107604014A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-01-19 | 深圳大学 | Improve the biologic pretreatment method of maize straw pyrolysis liquefaction aromatic compound yield |
| WO2018161280A1 (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-13 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing 4-ethylphenol by catalytic pyrolysis of bagasse with activated carbon |
| CN109755596A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-14 | 华北电力大学 | Modified coating luffa electrode material and microbiological fuel cell |
| CN111018674A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-17 | 山东理工大学 | Method for preparing phenol by directionally catalyzing biomass pyrolysis through modified activated carbon |
| CN111068727A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-28 | 山东理工大学 | Method for preparing aromatic hydrocarbon by pyrolyzing wood-plastic composite waste under catalysis of activated carbon |
| CN111849526A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | Method for co-producing coke and phenol by pyrolyzing biomass |
| CN113372398A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-10 | 河南城建学院 | Preparation method of levoglucosenone |
| CN115322076A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-11 | 华北电力大学 | Electronic waste plastic pyrolysis CO-production of phenolic chemicals and CO 2 Method for adsorbing carbon material |
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Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104341273B (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2016-11-09 | 华北电力大学 | A kind of catalytic pyrolysis of biomass prepares the method for 4-ethyl-phenol |
| CN104341273A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-02-11 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing 4-ethylphenol by performing catalytic pyrolysis on biomass |
| CN106318477A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing high-grade liquid fuel by biomass catalytic pyrolysis |
| CN106517190B (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-04 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of method of catalytic lignin thermal cracking coproduction list phenolic compound and activated carbon |
| CN106517190A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-03-22 | 陕西科技大学 | Co-production method of monophenol compound and activated carbon by lignin catalytic pyrolysis |
| WO2018161280A1 (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-13 | 华北电力大学 | Method for preparing 4-ethylphenol by catalytic pyrolysis of bagasse with activated carbon |
| CN107604014A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-01-19 | 深圳大学 | Improve the biologic pretreatment method of maize straw pyrolysis liquefaction aromatic compound yield |
| CN109755596A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-14 | 华北电力大学 | Modified coating luffa electrode material and microbiological fuel cell |
| CN111018674A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-17 | 山东理工大学 | Method for preparing phenol by directionally catalyzing biomass pyrolysis through modified activated carbon |
| CN111068727A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-28 | 山东理工大学 | Method for preparing aromatic hydrocarbon by pyrolyzing wood-plastic composite waste under catalysis of activated carbon |
| CN111018674B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2022-04-22 | 山东理工大学 | Method for preparing phenol by directionally catalyzing biomass pyrolysis through modified activated carbon |
| CN111849526A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-10-30 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | Method for co-producing coke and phenol by pyrolyzing biomass |
| CN113372398A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-10 | 河南城建学院 | Preparation method of levoglucosenone |
| CN113372398B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2023-11-21 | 河南城建学院 | Preparation method of levoglucosone |
| CN115322076A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-11 | 华北电力大学 | Electronic waste plastic pyrolysis CO-production of phenolic chemicals and CO 2 Method for adsorbing carbon material |
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