CN103752810B - A kind of method and special equipment thereof that removes alumina based ceramic core - Google Patents
A kind of method and special equipment thereof that removes alumina based ceramic core Download PDFInfo
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- CN103752810B CN103752810B CN201410007414.7A CN201410007414A CN103752810B CN 103752810 B CN103752810 B CN 103752810B CN 201410007414 A CN201410007414 A CN 201410007414A CN 103752810 B CN103752810 B CN 103752810B
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- alkali lye
- based ceramic
- reactor
- alumina based
- ceramic core
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 145
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Remove method and the special equipment thereof of alumina based ceramic core, by be placed in the reactor that is filled with alkali lye with the hollow blade of alumina based ceramic core, then reactor is sealed; Under high temperature high pressure enclosed environment, reactor is heated; Reacting kettle inner pressure is down to below the saturated vapour pressure of alkali lye, makes alkali lye boiling rolling enter the passage of hollow blade, continue 10～30s; Recover reacting kettle inner pressure, make alkali lye stop boiling, and recover stable state; Remaining alkali lye and the residual core of pottery that removes are removed from hollow blade, are finally utilized acid to neutralize alkali lye residual on hollow blade, with clear water clean can. The present invention by high temperature and the spent lye that lifting pressure has reacted the cavity inside of hollow blade repeatedly discharge fast, good stirring action is played in the periodicity of alkali lye boiling simultaneously, ensure that alkali lye fully contacts with alumina based ceramic core and reaction efficiency is improved, and obviously improves alumina based ceramic core and removes speed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high temperature alloy hollow blade and remove technical field, relate to one and remove alumina base potteryThe method of porcelain core, the invention still further relates to the special equipment that removes alumina based ceramic core.
Background technology
Along with improving constantly of aero-engine performance, before the turbine of engine, inlet temperature approaches evenExceed the fusing point of turbo blade material, must adopt air cooling method to carry out cooling to blade. At high temperature alloyIn air cooling hollow blade foundry production, generally adopt ceramic core to form its complicated inner cavity structure.
Alumina base core has more excellent heat resistance and heat endurance, be particularly suitable for directional solidification andThe casting of high-temperature alloy blades under monocrystalline condition. Because the main component of alumina base core is corundum, itUnder the condition of normal mild heat, react with concentrated acid concentrated base hardly, be therefore difficult to remove.
Many scholars both domestic and external have carried out system research to ceramic core removing process, generally adopt three kindsMethod removes ceramic core: the one, and by the melting villiaumite of 200～400 DEG C of foundry goods immersions, because villiaumite is moltenXie Yushui and deviate from core, or assisted water under high pressure to rinse to accelerate depoling speed, but this is suitableFor the simple foundry goods of cavity structure, for complicated inner cavity structure, effect is very limited; The 2nd, by foundry goodsBe immersed in temperature and be depoling in the KOH of 400～500 DEG C or NaOH or melting alkali lye that both mix, shouldMedium is very fast to the corrosion rate of ceramic core, but in actual production, finds that foundry goods also can be subject to suitable journeyThe corrosion of degree, when serious, foundry goods is thoroughly scrapped. The 3rd, the KOH of employing high concentration or the NaOH aqueous solution are alsoAdditional mechanical stirs or ultrasonic wave vibrates etc., the corrosivity comparison of such technique to cast(ing) surfaceLittle, but exist the depoling time long, inefficient problem, and equipment mechanism complexity. The how low damage of high efficiencyThe alumina based ceramic core that removes of wound remains one of problem demanding prompt solution in current production.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method that removes alumina based ceramic core, solved existing de-The low problem of removal efficiency that eliminating method exists.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the above-mentioned special equipment that removes alumina based ceramic core.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of method that removes alumina based ceramic core is concreteImplement according to following steps:
Step 1, will be placed in the reactor that is filled with alkali lye with the hollow blade of alumina based ceramic core,Then reactor is sealed;
Step 2, by high temperature high pressure enclosed environment, heats reactor, makes alkali lye be penetrated into bandHave in all spaces of hollow blade of alumina based ceramic core, and corrosion reaction 10～30min occurs;
Step 3, is down to reacting kettle inner pressure below the saturated vapour pressure of alkali lye, makes alkali lye boiling rollingEnter the passage of hollow blade, this process continues 10～30s;
Step 4, recovers reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye stop boiling, and recovers stable state;
Step 5 is removed remaining alkali lye and the residual core of pottery removing from hollow blade, finally utilizesAcid neutralizes alkali lye residual on hollow blade, cleans and obtains hollow blade with clear water.
Feature of the present invention is also,
Alkali lye is that concentration is 40%～60% KOH, NaOH or both mixed solutions.
In step 2, temperature is controlled at 150 DEG C～350 DEG C, and pressure is controlled at 0.5～5MPa.
Step 5 repeats step 2～4 more than 2 times, until alumina based ceramic core is complete before implementingTill entirely removing.
Acid in step 5 is that concentration is 3%～5% hydrochloric acid.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind ofly removes the special of alumina based ceramic coreEquipment, comprises autoclave, is provided with reactor in autoclave, between reactor and autoclave, is provided with calandria,Above autoclave, be provided with high pressure kettle cover, thermocouple enters in reactor through high pressure kettle cover, thermocouple and temperatureControl instrument connects, and Pressure gauge passes cooling device by pipeline and high pressure kettle cover is communicated with reactor, pressureThe pipeline of table is provided with relief valve and safety valve, is provided with part basket in reactor.
Feature of the present invention is also,
High pressure kettle cover is connected with autoclave by fastening bolt.
Autoclave inside upper part is provided with boss, and part basket is connected on boss.
Thermocouple is provided with protective casing outward, and reactor, high pressure kettle cover and protective casing adopt corrosion and heat resistant nickelBased high-temperature alloy material is prepared from.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the present invention removes the method for alumina based ceramic core, passes through high temperatureAnd the spent lye that lifting pressure has reacted the cavity inside of hollow blade repeatedly discharges fast, alkali simultaneouslyGood stirring action is played in the periodicity boiling of liquid, allows product be diffused rapidly in aqueous slkali, ensuresActive alkali lye fully contact with alumina based ceramic core and reaction efficiency improved, obviously improve oxidationAl-base ceramic core removes speed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention removes the special equipment of alumina based ceramic core.
In figure, 1. autoclave, 2. high pressure kettle cover, 3. reactor, 4. part basket, 5. calandria, 6. thermoelectricityEven, 7. temperature control instrument, 8. Pressure gauge, 9. relief valve, 10. safety valve, 11. cooling devices, 12. fastening screwsBolt, 13. hollow blades, 14. alkali lye.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of method that removes alumina based ceramic core of the present invention, specifically implement according to following steps:
Step 1, will be placed in the reactor that is filled with alkali lye with the hollow blade of alumina based ceramic core,Then by reactor sealing, alkali lye is that concentration is 40%～60% KOH, NaOH or both mixingSolution;
Step 2, by high temperature high pressure enclosed environment, temperature is controlled at 150 DEG C～350 DEG C, pressure controlAt 0.5～5MPa, reactor is heated, make alkali lye be penetrated into alumina based ceramic coreIn all spaces of hollow blade, and there is corrosion reaction 10～30min;
Step 3, is down to reacting kettle inner pressure below the saturated vapour pressure of alkali lye, makes alkali lye boiling rollingEnter the passage of hollow blade, this process continues 10～30s;
Step 4, recovers reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye stop boiling, and recovers stable state;
Step 5 is removed remaining alkali lye and the residual core of pottery removing from hollow chip, finally utilizesConcentration is that 3%～5% hydrochloric acid neutralizes alkali lye residual on hollow blade, obtains hollow blade.
Step 5 repeats step 2～4 more than 2 times, until alumina based ceramic core is complete before implementingTill entirely removing.
The present invention removes the method for alumina based ceramic core, by high temperature and repeatedly lifting pressure make hollowThe spent lye that the cavity inside of blade has reacted is discharged fast, and the periodicity of alkali lye boiling is simultaneously played goodGood stirring action, allows product be diffused rapidly in aqueous slkali, has ensured active alkali lye and alumina baseCeramic core fully contacts and reaction efficiency is improved, and obviously improves alumina based ceramic core and removes speedDegree.
A kind of special equipment that removes alumina based ceramic core of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprises high pressureStill 1, is provided with reactor 3 in autoclave 1, between reactor 3 and autoclave 1, be provided with calandria 5, heightPress still 1 to be provided with high pressure kettle cover 2 above, high pressure kettle cover 2 is connected with autoclave 1 by fastening bolt 12,Thermocouple 6 enters in reactor 3 through high pressure kettle cover 2, and thermocouple 6 is connected with temperature control instrument 7, pressesPower table 8 passes cooling device 11 by pipeline and high pressure kettle cover 2 is communicated with reactor 3, Pressure gauge 8Pipeline be provided with relief valve 9 and safety valve 10, in reactor 3, be provided with part basket 4, in autoclave 1Upper lateral part is provided with boss, and part basket 4 is connected on boss. The outer protective casing that is provided with of thermocouple 6, reactionStill 3, high pressure kettle cover 2 and protective casing adopt corrosion and heat resistant nickel-base high-temperature alloy material to be prepared from.
Because thermocouple 6 can not directly contact with alkali lye 14, need carry out casing protection to it, its endBelow alkali lye 14 liquid levels, belong to the annex of thermocouple.
When use, unclamp fastening bolt 12, high pressure kettle cover 2 is risen, treat that high pressure kettle cover 2 rises completelyAfter, in reactor 3, being filled with alkali lye 14, the liquid level of alkali lye 14 need be high lower than reactor 3 entirety2/3rds of degree, is placed on the hollow blade with alumina based ceramic core 13 in part basket 4,The peak of hollow blade 13 is positioned under alkali lye plane, and cover high pressure kettle cover 2 and tighten fastening bolt 12,Close relief valve 9 and safety valve 10, open cold radiator cooler 12, passes into cooling circulating water. Open temperature controlInstrument 7, opens calandria 5 reactor 3 is heated, and utilizes thermocouple 6 to carry out thermometric, works as alkaliWhen liquid temp reaches 150～350 DEG C, utilize temperature control instrument 7 to control alkali lye 14 temperature in still, make it to protectHold constant. Now still internal pressure is about 0.5～5MPa, and still internal pressure is monitored by Pressure gauge 8, at thisUnder state, keep 10～30min, then open relief valve 9, still internal pressure is down to the saturated steaming of alkali lyeBelow air pressure. Due to reducing of reactor 3 internal pressures, the residue gas in hollow blade 13 internal voidsKnow from experience the spent lye that reacted completely in hole discharged to hole, pressure reduce also can make alkali lye 14Boiling, plays stirring action to alkali lye 14. Cooling device 11 can make steam condensing reflux to reactor3, avoid alkali lye 14 concentration to change. Under fluidized state, keep, after 10～30s, closing relief valve9, make reactor 3 internal pressures return to the front state of pressure release, alkali lye 14 stops boiling. Repeat aforesaid operationsMore than 2 times, until aluminium oxide core is completely removed, stop subsequently heating, treat that Pressure Drop is to 0.2MPaBelow, open relief valve 9 and carry out pressure release to atmospheric pressure state, unclamp fastening bolt 12, open high pressure kettle cover2, take out hollow blade 13, then adopting concentration is in 3%～5% hydrochloric acid solution and residual alkali lye,Finally clean with clear water.
Embodiment 1
Step 1, the KOH that is 45% by concentration is filled with in reactor, then will make pottery with alumina baseThe hollow blade of porcelain core is placed in part basket, then reactor is sealed;
Step 2, by high temperature high pressure enclosed environment, temperature is controlled at 300 DEG C, and pressure is controlled at 3.5MPa,Reactor is heated, make KOH be penetrated into the institute with the hollow blade of alumina based ceramic coreHave in space, and corrosion reaction 10min occurs;
Step 3, is down to 2.0MPa by reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye boiling rolling enter hollow bladePassage, this process continues 15s;
Step 4, recovers reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye stop boiling, and recovers stable state;
Step 2～4 are repeated 6 times, until alumina based ceramic core removes completely;
Step 5 is removed remaining alkali lye and the residual core of pottery removing from hollow chip, finally utilizesConcentration is that 3% hydrochloric acid neutralizes alkali lye residual on hollow blade, obtains hollow blade.
Embodiment 2
Step 1, the NaOH that is 40% by concentration is filled with in reactor, then will make pottery with alumina baseThe hollow blade of porcelain core is placed in part basket, then reactor is sealed;
Step 2, by high temperature high pressure enclosed environment, temperature is controlled at 200 DEG C, and pressure is controlled at 1.5MPa,Reactor is heated, make NaOH be penetrated into the institute with the hollow blade of alumina based ceramic coreHave in space, and corrosion reaction 15min occurs;
Step 3, is down to 0.5MPa by reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye boiling rolling enter hollow bladePassage, this process continues 20s;
Step 4, recovers reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye stop boiling, and recovers stable state;
Step 2～4 are repeated 12 times, until alumina based ceramic core removes completely;
Step 5 is removed remaining alkali lye and the residual core of pottery removing from hollow chip, finally utilizesConcentration is that 4% hydrochloric acid neutralizes alkali lye residual on hollow blade, obtains hollow blade.
Embodiment 3
Step 1, the KOH that is 60% by concentration is filled with in reactor, then will make pottery with alumina baseThe hollow blade of porcelain core is placed in part basket, then reactor is sealed;
Step 2, by high temperature high pressure enclosed environment, temperature is controlled at 150 DEG C, and pressure is controlled at 0.5MPa,Reactor is heated, make KOH be penetrated into the institute with the hollow blade of alumina based ceramic coreHave in space, and corrosion reaction 30min occurs;
Step 3, is down to 1.5MPa by reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye boiling rolling enter hollow bladePassage, this process continues 30s;
Step 4, recovers reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye stop boiling, and recovers stable state;
Step 2～4 are repeated 10 times, until alumina based ceramic core removes completely;
Step 5 is removed remaining alkali lye and the residual core of pottery removing from hollow chip, finally utilizesConcentration is that 5% hydrochloric acid neutralizes alkali lye residual on hollow blade, obtains hollow blade.
Embodiment 4
Step 1, then the KOH that is 45% by concentration and the mixture of NaOH are filled with in reactor,To be placed in part basket with the hollow blade of alumina based ceramic core, then reactor is sealed;
Step 2, by high temperature high pressure enclosed environment, temperature is controlled at 350 DEG C, and pressure is controlled at 5MPa,Reactor is heated, make KOH and NaOH be penetrated into hollow with alumina based ceramic coreIn all spaces of blade, and there is corrosion reaction 10min;
Step 3, is down to 2.0MPa by reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye boiling rolling enter hollow bladePassage, this process continues 10s;
Step 4, recovers reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye stop boiling, and recovers stable state;
Step 2～4 are repeated 6 times, until alumina based ceramic core removes completely;
Step 5 is removed remaining alkali lye and the residual core of pottery removing from hollow chip, finally utilizesConcentration is that 3% hydrochloric acid neutralizes alkali lye residual on hollow blade, obtains hollow blade.
Claims (5)
1. a method that removes alumina based ceramic core, is characterized in that, specifically according to following stepsImplement:
Step 1, will be placed in the reactor that is filled with alkali lye with the hollow blade of alumina based ceramic core,Then by reactor sealing, alkali lye is that concentration is the KOH that 40% NaOH solution or concentration are 60%Solution;
Step 2, by high temperature high pressure enclosed environment, temperature is controlled at 300 DEG C～350 DEG C, pressure controlAt 3.5～5MPa, reactor is heated, make alkali lye be penetrated into alumina based ceramic coreIn all spaces of hollow blade, and there is corrosion reaction 10～30min;
Step 3, is down to reacting kettle inner pressure below the saturated vapour pressure of alkali lye, makes alkali lye boiling rollingEnter the passage of hollow blade, this process continues 10～30s;
Step 4, recovers reacting kettle inner pressure, makes alkali lye stop boiling, and recovers stable state;
Step 5 is removed remaining alkali lye and the residual core of pottery removing from hollow blade, finally utilizesConcentration is that 3%～5% hydrochloric acid neutralizes alkali lye residual on hollow blade, with clear water clean obtain hollowBlade;
Step 5 repeats step 2～4 more than 2 times, until alumina based ceramic core is complete before implementingTill entirely removing.
2. the special equipment of the method that removes alumina based ceramic core according to claim 1, itsBe characterised in that, comprise autoclave (1), in described autoclave (1), be provided with reactor (3), described anti-Answer between still (3) and autoclave (1) and be provided with calandria (5), described autoclave (1) is provided with aboveHigh pressure kettle cover (2), thermocouple (6) enters in reactor (3) through high pressure kettle cover (2), described inThermocouple (6) is connected with temperature control instrument (7), and Pressure gauge (8) passes cooling device (11) by pipelineBe communicated with reactor (3) with high pressure kettle cover (2), the pipeline of Pressure gauge (8) is provided with relief valve (9)And safety valve (10), in described reactor (3), be provided with part basket (4).
3. the special equipment of the method that removes alumina based ceramic core according to claim 2, itsBe characterised in that, described high pressure kettle cover (2) is connected with autoclave (1) by fastening bolt (12).
4. the special equipment of the method that removes alumina based ceramic core according to claim 2, itsBe characterised in that, described autoclave (1) inside upper part is provided with boss, and described part basket (4) is connected to instituteState on boss.
5. the special equipment of the method that removes alumina based ceramic core according to claim 2, itsBe characterised in that the outer protective casing, described reactor (3), high pressure kettle cover of being provided with of described thermocouple (6)(2) and described protective casing adopt corrosion and heat resistant nickel-base high-temperature alloy material to be prepared from.
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| CN112427625A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-02 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Method for removing ceramic core for blade with integral casting cover plate structure |
| CN114378282A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-04-22 | 北京航空材料研究院股份有限公司 | Device and method for removing shell and core of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound casting |
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