CN103752781A - Casting process method for nodular cast iron casting used at ultralow temperature - Google Patents
Casting process method for nodular cast iron casting used at ultralow temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN103752781A CN103752781A CN201310631685.5A CN201310631685A CN103752781A CN 103752781 A CN103752781 A CN 103752781A CN 201310631685 A CN201310631685 A CN 201310631685A CN 103752781 A CN103752781 A CN 103752781A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a casting process method for an austenite ultralow temperature nodular cast iron casting. The use temperature of the nodular cast iron casting ranges from -100 DEG C to -196 DEG C, and the nickel content of the nodular cast iron casting ranges from 14% to 35% in weight percent. The casting process method includes the steps: mould and casting system design; self-hardening sand molding; medium-frequency induction melting, alloying and carbon silicon component adjustment; nodularization and inoculation treatment process; casting and unpacking; cleaning and rough machining; heat treatment and surface treatment; cleaning and precision grinding. The nodular cast iron casting obtained by the casting process method has a high mechanical property and can be used at the ultralow temperature (lower than -100 DEG C), the lowest operating temperature can reach -196 DEG C, the low-temperature impact property index of the nodular cast iron casting meets relevant national standards and regulations, the bottleneck of low-temperature material selection of Chinese important mechanical parts used at the ultralow temperature is solved, and the novel casting process method is provided for casting production of key parts of mechanical products in future. The casting process method is introduced by taking a nodular cast iron low-temperature compressor cylinder liner used at the ultralow temperature as a specific embodiment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spheroidal graphite cast-iron production field, the ductile cast iron casting casting technique that is specifically related to use under ultralow temperature.
Background technology
In the last few years, along with the development of China's machine building industry, machine-building level has obtained significant progress, but for the manufacture of the mechanical key parts that use under some specific environments, lag far behind the level of developed countries, become the bottleneck of restriction China machine building industry development.At present, domesticly for ultralow temperature materials such as machine-building such as the valve that uses under condition of ultralow temperature, pump, compressor, tank bodies, mostly adopt cast steel foundry goods and stainless steel forgings.Due to the restriction of cast steel in casting character, it is not suitable for producing the complex-shaped foundry goods such as multi-cavity porous; And produce this series products by forged steel pieces machining, the utilization rate of its material and production efficiency all can significantly reduce, and cause the production cycle to be elongated, production cost is uncontrollable.The casting character of spheroidal graphite cast-iron is compared cast steel and is more suitable for manufacturing structure complexity, the special part foundry goods of shape, and big machinery as external in U.S. GE company, Siemens, Kawasaki, Japan heavy industry etc. is manufactured group and developed already the key components and parts foundry goods of ultralow temperature spheroidal graphite cast iron materials for the manufacture of this class machinery.And China's Mechanical Manufacturing Enterprises, still little for the ductile cast iron material scientific research in the mechanical key parts design lower than-100 ℃ and manufacture and application, the enterprise of few such material of use causes such material foundry goods always can not meet the requirement that ultralow temperature machine-building is used for the disappearance in the deficiency on its casting technique and quality of production requirement.By casting technique of the present invention, produce the ductile cast iron casting obtaining and have the mechanical property of using under higher ultralow temperature, can be in the lower use of ultralow temperature (being less than-100 ℃), minimum operating temperature can reach-196 ℃, its low temperature impact properties index meets the regulation of relevant national standard, standard, solved the bottleneck that the mechanical important spare part cryogenic material using under China's condition of ultralow temperature is selected, for this class engineering goods key components and parts castings production from now on provides new casting technique.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the ductile cast iron casting casting technique using under ultralow temperature, the foundry goods that is applicable to casting technique of the present invention be serviceability temperature within the scope of-100 ℃ ~-196 ℃, the nickel content austenite ultralow temperature spheroidal graphite iron casting in 14% ~ 35% interval by weight percentage, its casting technique is: mould and Design of Runner System, self-hardening sand molding, Medium frequency induction melting alloy and carbon silicon composition are adjusted, nodularization and inoculation process, cast and unpack, heat treatment and surface treatment.
1. the ductile cast iron casting casting technique using under the ultralow temperature the present invention relates to, it was characterised in that in the sand mold fabrication stage:
1), during Design of Dies, its shrinkage ga(u)ge calculates according to 1.0% ~ 1.5%;
2), during Design of Runner System, adopt enlarged running system; When casting section thickness is less than 35mm, require to adopt Shower gating system, raindrop water track pitch between 150mm ~ 350mm;
3) during self-hardening sand molding, select furane resins and acid curing agent moulding, resin nitrogen content requires 3% ~ 5%, and addition is 1.0% ~ 1.3%, and acid curing agent acid number requires 45% ~ 50%, and addition is 0.2% ~ 0.4%.
2. the ductile cast iron casting casting technique using under the ultralow temperature the present invention relates to, it was characterised in that in the smelting and pouring production phase:
1) before alloying component is adjusted, carbon silicone content needs respectively to guarantee 3.8% ~ 4.5%, 2.3% ~ 2.8%, and after alloying component is adjusted, carbon equivalent need guarantee 3.8% ~ 4.2%;
2), during castings production, must guarantee before spheroidising and at least each temperature survey before cast.
3. the ductile cast iron casting casting technique using under the ultralow temperature the present invention relates to, it is characterised in that in foundry goods post-processing stages:
1) before heat treating castings and surface treatment, surperficial scab and coating must be got rid of;
2) cast(ing) surface needs first foundry goods to be carried out to Shot Blasting and roughing before processing;
3) foundry goods can carry out the surface treatment of all kinds of physics such as alloying diffusion, nitriding, carburizing, surface laser processing, surface spraying coating, chemical method according to actual needs.
4 it needs to be noted the ductile cast iron casting casting technique using under the ultralow temperature the present invention relates to, it is characterised in that in nodularization and preparation process: the mode of breeding is to breed and secondary current-following inoculation in a casting ladle, once breed with the inovulant of late inoculation and be respectively: an inovulant is ferrosilicon, post inoculant is strontium ferrosilicon.Spheronization process is for pouring method, and the nodulizer adopting is nickel magnesium nodulizer.
accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is the cylinder sleeve containing Shower gating system;
Fig. 2 is impact flexibility curve.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment, the ductile cast iron casting casting technique using under ultralow temperature of the present invention being further described, is below concrete your case study on implementation, and content of the present invention is not limited to this.
The present invention is take spheroidal graphite cast-iron cylinder sleeve as concrete case study on implementation, and the matrix material of this foundry goods is high Ni spheroidal graphite cast-iron, and it is finally organized as austenite, adds appropriate Cr can improve the hardness of matrix, and appropriate Cu is conducive to matrix solution strengthening.Its casting technique is following steps: mould and Design of Runner System, self-hardening sand molding, Medium frequency induction melting alloy and carbon silicon composition are adjusted, nodularization and inoculation process, cast and unpack, heat treatment and surface treatment.
1. mould and Design of Runner System
During Design of Dies, according to calculating shrinkage ga(u)ge, by 1.3%, calculate, because the average wall thickness of this foundry goods is less than 35mm, need to adopt Shower gating system, its feature is that molten metal is divided into multiply thread and injects continuously die cavity, little to die cavity impulsive force, liquid level is active, exhaust and convenient, pushing off the slag is effective, can prevent again in die cavity that field trash sticks to type because of floating, on core wall, can form consecutive solidification from bottom to top and good feeding capacity, be conducive to obtain the foundry goods of dense structure, raindrop water track pitch at 180mm..
2. self-hardening sand molding
During self-hardening sand molding, select furane resins and acid curing agent moulding, resin nitrogen content is 3%, and addition is 1.0%, and it is 45% that acid curing agent acid number requires, and addition is 0.35%, and sand temperature control is at 20 ~ 25 ℃.
3. Medium frequency induction melting alloy and carbon silicon composition are adjusted
During melting, adopt medium-frequency induction furnace fusing molten iron, it is fully overheated in production process, alloy will to be added in stove, 1580 ℃ of overtemperatures.Before alloying component is adjusted, carbon silicone content needs respectively to guarantee 3.8% and 2.3%; After alloying component is adjusted, carbon equivalent need guarantee 3.9%.A temperature survey is carried out in spheroidising, nodularization temperature is 1490 ℃, spheronization process is for pouring method, and the mode of breeding is a mould cavity inoculation and secondary current-following inoculation, once breeds different from the inovulant of late inoculation, an inovulant is ferrosilicon, post inoculant is strontium ferrosilicon, and spheronization process is for pouring method, and the nodulizer adopting is nickel magnesium nodulizer, in molten iron transfer process, adopt coverture to cover, and before cast, complete slagging-off processing.
4. cast and unpacking
Before cast, carry out a temperature survey, pouring temperature is 1380 ℃; During cast, require liquid levelling steady and coherent.After casting pouring, insulation is to 200 ℃ of following unpacking.
5. heat treatment and surface treatment
Because this foundry goods has certain requirement for its case hardness, so foundry goods has carried out nitriding processing.Before surface treatment, scab and coating are got rid of, first carry out Shot Blasting, then foundry goods is carried out to thick machined simultaneously.Before nitriding is processed, cast(ing) surface hardness is 190Hv, after processing, more than can reaching 400Hv.
Impact flexibility under different temperatures of the present invention is shown in as following table 1, its curve as shown in Figure 2, by curve, can roughly judge the variation tendency along with its impact flexibility of reduction of temperature, simultaneously, also other performance is tested, substantially being consistent of its result and expection, can illustrate and the reasonability of casting technique meet the requirement of using under condition of ultralow temperature
Impact flexibility (J/cm under table 1 different temperatures
2)
| Temperature | 0℃ | -30℃ | -60℃ | -90℃ | -120℃ | -150℃ |
| Impact flexibility mean value | 29.2 | 29 | 28.9 | 25.5 | 24 | 22.5 |
Claims (4)
- The present invention be serviceability temperature within the scope of-100 ℃ to-196 ℃, the nickel content austenite ultralow temperature spheroidal graphite iron casting casting technique in 14% ~ 35% interval by weight percentage, its casting technique is: mould and Design of Runner System, self-hardening sand molding, Medium frequency induction melting alloy and carbon silicon composition are adjusted, nodularization and inoculation process, cast and unpack, heat treatment and surface treatment.
- 2. the ductile cast iron casting casting technique using under ultralow temperature according to claim 1, it was characterised in that in the sand mold fabrication stage:During Design of Dies, its shrinkage ga(u)ge calculates according to 1.0% ~ 1.5%;During Design of Runner System, adopt enlarged running system; When casting section thickness is less than 35mm, require to adopt Shower gating system, raindrop water track pitch between 150mm ~ 350mm;During self-hardening sand molding, select furane resins and acid curing agent moulding, resin nitrogen content requires 3% ~ 5%, and addition is 1.0% ~ 1.3%, and acid curing agent acid number requires 45% ~ 50%, and addition is 0.2% ~ 0.4%.
- 3. the ductile cast iron casting casting technique using under ultralow temperature according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in nodularization and preparation process: the mode of breeding is to breed and secondary current-following inoculation in a casting ladle, once breed with the inovulant of late inoculation and be respectively: an inovulant is ferrosilicon, post inoculant is strontium ferrosilicon; Spheronization process is for pouring method, and the nodulizer adopting is nickel magnesium nodulizer.
- 4. the ductile cast iron casting casting technique using under ultralow temperature according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in foundry goods post-processing stages:Before heat treating castings and surface treatment, surperficial scab and coating must be got rid of;Cast(ing) surface needs first foundry goods to be carried out to Shot Blasting and roughing before processing;Foundry goods can carry out the surface treatment of all kinds of physics such as alloying diffusion, nitriding, carburizing, surface laser processing, surface spraying coating, chemical method according to actual needs.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105710331A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-29 | 沈阳工业大学 | Centrifugal casting technological method for ultralow-temperature nodular cast iron casting |
| CN109837453A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-04 | 郑州大学 | A kind of production method of the workbench of planer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105710331A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2016-06-29 | 沈阳工业大学 | Centrifugal casting technological method for ultralow-temperature nodular cast iron casting |
| CN109837453A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-04 | 郑州大学 | A kind of production method of the workbench of planer |
| CN109837453B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-05-22 | 郑州大学 | Manufacturing method of working platform of planer |
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Application publication date: 20140430 |