CN103752410B - Particulate matter electricity carrying capacity measurement device and method - Google Patents
Particulate matter electricity carrying capacity measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103752410B CN103752410B CN201310734045.7A CN201310734045A CN103752410B CN 103752410 B CN103752410 B CN 103752410B CN 201310734045 A CN201310734045 A CN 201310734045A CN 103752410 B CN103752410 B CN 103752410B
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005367 electrostatic precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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Abstract
The invention relates to a particulate matter electricity carrying capacity measurement device and method. The device comprises a gas bottle, a particle generating device, an electricity carrying device, a detector and a draught fan which are sequentially connected, wherein a first flow meter is arranged between the gas bottle and the particle generating device; a second flow meter is arranged between the detector and the draught fan; the electricity carrying device is arranged at the left end of the detector; the right end of the detector is communicated with the draught fan by a pipeline; the electricity carrying device is connected with a high-voltage power supply of the electricity carrying device by a first lead; the detector is connected with a high-voltage power supply of the detector by a second lead. The particulate matter electricity carrying capacity measurement device provided by the invention is simple in structure, is reasonable in design, and can accurately measure the electricity carrying capacity of each particle in an electrostatic precipitator, thereby studying the electricity carrying mechanism of particles of the electrostatic precipitator, and facilitating to the design and research of the electrostatic precipitation system, so that the precipitation efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator is improved, and the emission of coal burning flue gas particulate matters can be controlled effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of charged measuring device and method, concretely relate to a kind of charged measurement of particulate matter
Device and method, belongs to field of environment protection.
Background technology
With industrial expansion, the current atmosphere polluting problem of China is increasingly serious, and pollutant is increasing, wherein solid
Particle content accounts for the first place of China's atmosphere pollution, and its concentration is to weigh an important symbol of atmospheric pollution level.China
The volume of smoke that the main source of Atmospheric particulates discharges for coal-burning power plant, and these flue dust are substantially all and belong to health
Very harmful pellet PM10 and PM2.5, this problem has caused the extensive concern of national all circles.Coal-burning power plant is
One of main source of China PM2.5, the smoke discharge amount of coal-burning power plant of China accounts for the 50% of national industrial fumes discharge capacity,
In the flue dust of coal-burning power plant's discharge, the ratio of PM2.5 is more than 50% mostly.
In prior art, administering Atmospheric particulates using electrostatic precipitator is a kind of method more commonly used, electrostatic precipitation
Efficiency of dust collection in coal-burning power plant's application for the device is up to 99.99%, but it is but not managed to the particulate removal effect of submicron order
Think, total removal efficiency is less than 50%.
Particle charged process in electrostatic precipitator is broadly divided into electric-field charge and two kinds of situations of diffusional charging, electric-field charge
Injecting in the presence of electric field force in the much bigger dust granules of volume for anion makes it charged；Diffusional charging does not for ion
Regular warm-up movement and with dust granules collision make it charged.The carrying capacity of particle directly affects its stressing conditions and effect of gathering dust
Really, therefore, accurately measured for different-grain diameter particle carrying capacity, contribute to electrostatic precipitation system and be designed and grind
Studying carefully, thus improving electrostatic precipitator efficiency of dust collection, efficiently controlling the discharge of coal-fired flue-gas particulate matter.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of charged measuring device of particulate matter and method, this device
The carrying capacity of each single particle in electrostatic precipitator can be accurately measured, thus studying the charging mechanism of electrostatic precipitator particle.
The technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of charged measuring device of particulate matter, gas cylinder that described device includes being sequentially connected with, particle generating means, charged
Device, detector and air-introduced machine, are provided with first flowmeter, between detector and air-introduced machine between described gas cylinder and particle generating means
It is provided with second flowmeter；Described charge electric appliance is arranged on detector left end, and detector right-hand member is connected with air-introduced machine by pipeline；Described
Charge electric appliance is connected with charge electric appliance high voltage power supply by the first wire, and detector passes through the second wire and detector high voltage power supply phase
Even.
Preferably, described charge electric appliance include charge electric appliance upper end, in the middle part of the charge electric appliance that is made up of charge electric appliance earthing pole, charge electric appliance
Lower end, homogenizing plate and discharge electrode, in the middle part of charge electric appliance upper end, the charge electric appliance being made up of charge electric appliance earthing pole, between charge electric appliance lower end
It is threaded connection formation charge electric appliance body；Homogenizing plate is laid in the groove between charge electric appliance upper end and charge electric appliance earthing pole,
Discharge electrode is fixedly connected with homogenizing plate, and discharge electrode is connected with charge electric appliance high voltage power supply by the first wire；Described charge electric appliance upper end
Top is provided with airflow inlet, and charge electric appliance lower end base horizontal direction is provided with air stream outlet.
Preferably, described detector includes detector body, detector top crown and detector bottom crown, pole on detector
Plate and detector bottom crown respectively with detector inner body wall clamping；Detector top crown passes through the second wire and detector high pressure
Power supply is connected, and detector bottom crown passes through wired earth.
Preferably, described detector bottom crown includes stainless steel housing and electro-conductive glass piece, and described electro-conductive glass piece is successively
It is laid in stainless steel inframe side by side and form rectangle pole plate；Described rectangle polar plate area and detector top crown area equation,
Described detector top crown adopts stainless steel, and its shape is rectangle.In order to collected by light microscope detection
Particulate matter, especially replaces conventional corrosion resistant plate using the conductive glass plate being stitched together, and stainless steel housing plays fastening glass panels
Uniformly act on promoting electric current.
Preferably, the agent structure of described charge electric appliance body is hollow cylinder, and its charge electric appliance upper end top tapers to interior
Footpath is less than the cylinder of agent structure as airflow inlet；Its charge electric appliance lower end top carries square cover plate, charge electric appliance lower end bottom
The hollow cuboid that portion's flaring is arranged horizontally is as air stream outlet, air stream outlet area and agent structure hollow cavity area of a circle phase
Deng.Flange is machined with square cover plate be connected with detector body；Horizontally disposed hollow cuboid, as air stream outlet, keeps
Cuboid air stream outlet area is equal with the hollow cavity area of a circle.
Preferably, described homogenizing plate is uniformly laid with several and all flows circular hole, homogenizing plate center is provided with for solid
Determine the center hole of discharge electrode；Described discharge electrode upper end threading, is fixed on homogenizing plate central authorities by nut, and lower end is hanging
In charge electric appliance earthing pole central authorities.
Preferably, described detector body is rectangle, and its left end passes through the flange of projection and the square of charge electric appliance lower end
Cover plate connects, and detector right-hand member tapers to internal diameter and is less than the cylinder of detector body as detector outlet, described detector
Outlet is connected with air-introduced machine by pipeline；Described second flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline between detector outlet and air-introduced machine.
Preferably, described particle generating means is particle generator, automatic sampling apparatus or blowing-type particle generator；Institute
Stating charge electric appliance high voltage power supply is pressure dc source, the pulse power, high frequency electric source, and described detector high voltage power supply is negative dc high voltage
Power supply.
Charge electric appliance upper end adopts insulating materials, such as the isolation material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), lucite, pottery.On charge electric appliance
End external apertures are used for through the first wire（High-tension bus-bar）, the internal groove having fixing homogenizing plate, bottom is machined with interior spiral shell
Line；Charge electric appliance earthing pole（In the middle part of charge electric appliance）Using stainless steel, its upper and lower ends is machined with the external screw thread connecting；Charged
Device lower end is machined with internal thread；The screw-internal thread fit of external screw thread and charge electric appliance upper and lower end that charge electric appliance earthing pole passes through two ends connects
Connect.Charge electric appliance upper end, charge electric appliance earthing pole and charge electric appliance lower end three part are threaded connection, cylindrical cavity diameter in it after connection
Identical, form the charge electric appliance body that agent structure is hollow cylinder.The hollow cavity area of a circle of agent structure and charge electric appliance lower end
Air stream outlet area equation in horizontal direction, thus ensure that charge electric appliance interior air-flow flow velocity is constant.
Described homogenizing plate adopts the isolation material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), lucite, pottery；Described discharge electrode is not using
Rust steel matter, is cylindrical structural, discharge electrode upper end threading, is fixed on homogenizing plate central authorities by nut, and lower end is hanging
Central in earthing pole, the first wire connection negative high voltage dc source is passed through in discharge electrode upper end simultaneously, thus being made by corona discharge
Particle stream is charged.The air stream outlet of charge electric appliance lower end adopts lucite material, and its top is the hollow cylinder having square cover plate
Body, the central upper portion position of this hollow cylinder is machined with internal thread and is connected with arrester stage, square cover plate is machined with flange with
Detector body connects；The hollow cuboid that bottom flaring is arranged horizontally as air stream outlet, keep air stream outlet area with
The hollow cavity area of a circle of top hollow cylinder is equal.
Detector body adopts lucite material, and generally rectangle, for guiding detector interior air-flow to flow to；Detection
Device top crown adopts stainless steel, detector body offers hole for through the second wire, detector top crown passes through
Second wire connecting detection device high voltage power supply, for producing uniform electric field together with parallel detector bottom crown；Under detector
Pole plate adopts stainless steel housing, and fixing groove is carved with inframe portion, in order to fixing electro-conductive glass piece；Detector bottom crown is grounded, not only
For producing uniform electric field with detector top crown, it is additionally operable to the collection of particulate matter, with the purpose reaching using and detect simultaneously.
Detector top crown and detector bottom crown respectively with detector inner body wall clamping, be easy to the replacing of the upper and lower pole plate of detector.
Described air-introduced machine in order to make in detector produce uniform airflow so that charge electric appliance in flow out particle stream with
Air velocity is consistent, thus geo-stationary.
Described gas cylinder can be conventional compressed gas cylinder, is used for providing air-flow, air-flow enters charge electric appliance after mixing with particle
In make charging particle；Air gas cylinder can be adopted, it can be additionally used in adjusting atmosphere and humidity etc..
A kind of method of measurement particulate matter carrying capacity, comprises the steps：
（1）The air-flow of gas cylinder output, after first flowmeter coutroi velocity, is mixed with particulate matter in particle generating means
Merga pass airflow inlet enters in charge electric appliance；
（2）The particulate matter of entrance charge electric appliance is carried out charged by the corona discharge between discharge electrode and charge electric appliance earthing pole
Afterwards, enter detector from air stream outlet horizontal movement；
（3）Particulate matter enter detector after, on the detector between pole plate and detector bottom crown produce uniform electric field
It is oriented motion under effect, and drop to the diverse location of charge electric appliance bottom crown；Wherein, air inducing is adjusted by second flowmeter
The air quantity of machine, keeps air-flow velocity in detector equal with charge electric appliance air stream outlet flow velocity；
（4）Take out detector bottom crown in electro-conductive glass piece, the position being fallen with observation by light microscope particle and
Granular size, and analyzed by numerical density, obtain particle level move distance, be calculated each charging particle amount.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with PIV Systems for optical inspection outside described detector.Can to plus survey in device between two pole plates
Particle motion shot, more intuitively, shooting result is processed and is analyzed and also can be directly obtained the average of particle stream
The results such as carrying capacity.
The charged measuring device of particulate matter of the present invention, particulate matter enters charged with malleation air-flow from charge electric appliance airflow inlet
Device, in the middle part of charge electric appliance, corona zone is charged, then is entered in the uniform electric field of detector by the air stream outlet of charge electric appliance lower end；?
Grain thing carries out uniform motion in uniform electric field, and is finally collected by detector bottom crown；In detection process, drawn by adjusting
Fan delivery, make air-flow velocity in detector equal with charge electric appliance air stream outlet flow velocity, thus not affecting particle in the gas flow
Uniform motion.Finally, by taking out the electro-conductive glass piece in detector bottom crown, fallen with observation by light microscope particle
Position and granular size, and analyzed by numerical density, obtain particle level move distance, be calculated each charging particle
Amount.
Present configuration is simple, reasonable in design, can accurately measure the carrying capacity of each single particle in electrostatic precipitator, from
And study the charging mechanism of electrostatic precipitator particle；Contribute to electrostatic precipitation system to be designed and study, thus improving electrostatic
Deduster efficiency of dust collection, efficiently controls the discharge of coal-fired flue-gas particulate matter.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of charge electric appliance of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of detector bottom crown of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of charge electric appliance lower end of the present invention；
1. detector body 2. detector bottom crown 3. detector outlet 4. air-introduced machine 5. detector top crown 6. is examined
Survey device high voltage power supply 7. charge electric appliance high voltage power supply 8. charge electric appliance upper end 9. homogenizing plate, 10. charge electric appliance discharge electrode 11. charge electric appliance
Earthing pole 12. charge electric appliance lower end 13. particle generating means, 14. gas cylinder, 15. airflow inlet, 16. air stream outlet 17. groove
Square cover plate 21. first wire 22. second wire 23. of 18. stainless steel housing, 19. electro-conductive glass piece 20. has square cover plate
Hollow cylinder 24. first flowmeter 25. second flowmeter.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described it will be appreciated that tool described herein with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Body embodiment is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1～4, a kind of charged measuring device of particulate matter, including the gas cylinder 14 being sequentially connected with, particle generating means
13rd, charge electric appliance, detector and air-introduced machine 4, is provided with first flowmeter 24 between described gas cylinder 14 and particle generating means 13, detection
It is provided with second flowmeter 25 between device and air-introduced machine 4；Described charge electric appliance is arranged on detector left end, and detector right-hand member passes through pipeline
Connect with air-introduced machine；Described charge electric appliance is connected with charge electric appliance high voltage power supply 7 by the first wire 21, and detector passes through the second wire
22 are connected with detector high voltage power supply 6.
In the middle part of the charge electric appliance that charge electric appliance includes charge electric appliance upper end 8, be made up of charge electric appliance earthing pole 11, charge electric appliance lower end 12,
Homogenizing plate 9 and discharge electrode 10, in the middle part of charge electric appliance upper end 8, the charge electric appliance being made up of charge electric appliance earthing pole 11, charge electric appliance lower end 12 it
Between be threaded connection formation charge electric appliance body；Homogenizing plate 9 is laid in recessed between charge electric appliance upper end 8 and charge electric appliance earthing pole 11
In groove 17, discharge electrode 10 is fixedly connected with homogenizing plate 9, and discharge electrode 10 is connected with charge electric appliance high voltage power supply 7 by the first wire 21；
Described charge electric appliance upper end 8 top is provided with airflow inlet 15, and charge electric appliance lower end 12 bottom level direction is provided with air stream outlet 16.
Charge electric appliance upper end 8 adopts polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, and charge electric appliance upper end 8 external apertures are used for through the first wire（High
Piezoelectric wire）, the internal groove 17 having fixing homogenizing plate, bottom is machined with internal thread；Charge electric appliance earthing pole 11（In charge electric appliance
Portion）Using stainless steel, its upper and lower ends is machined with the external screw thread connecting；Charge electric appliance lower end 12 is machined with internal thread；Lotus
Electrical equipment earthing pole 11 is connected with the screw-internal thread fit of charge electric appliance upper and lower end by the external screw thread at two ends.Charge electric appliance upper end 8, charged
Device earthing pole 11 and charge electric appliance lower end 12 3 part are threaded connection, and after connection, cylindrical cavity diameter is identical in it, form main body
Structure is the charge electric appliance body of hollow cylinder.
Homogenizing plate 9 adopts polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material, described homogenizing plate is uniformly laid with several and all flows circular hole, homogenizing plate
Center is provided with the center hole for fixing discharge electrode；Described discharge electrode 10 adopts stainless steel, for cylindrical knot
Structure, discharge electrode 10 upper end threading, it is fixed in the center hole of homogenizing plate 9 by nut, lower end is suspended on charge electric appliance
Earthing pole 11 is central, and discharge electrode 10 upper end connects negative high voltage dc source by the first wire 21 simultaneously, thus being put by corona
Electricity makes particle stream charged.The air stream outlet 16 of charge electric appliance lower end 12 adopts lucite material, and its top is to have square cover plate 20
Hollow cylinder 23, the central upper portion position of this hollow cylinder 23 is machined with internal thread and is connected with arrester stage 10, square cover
Flange is machined with plate 20 be connected with detector body 1；The hollow cuboid that bottom flaring is arranged horizontally is as air stream outlet
16, keep air stream outlet 16 area equal with the hollow cavity area of a circle of top hollow cylinder, thus ensureing charge electric appliance interior air-flow
Flow velocity is constant.
Detector includes detector body 1, detector top crown 5 and detector bottom crown 2, detector top crown 5 and inspection
Survey device bottom crown 2 respectively with detector body 1 inwall clamping；Detector top crown 5 passes through the second wire 22 and detector high pressure
Power supply 6 is connected, and detector bottom crown 2 passes through wired earth.
Detector bottom crown 2 includes stainless steel housing 18 and electro-conductive glass piece 19, and described electro-conductive glass piece 19 is arranged side by side successively
It is laid in stainless steel housing 18 and form rectangle pole plate；Described rectangle polar plate area and detector top crown 5 area equation.
Detector body 1 adopts lucite material, and generally rectangle, for guiding detector interior air-flow to flow to；Inspection
Survey device top crown 5 and adopt stainless steel, detector body 1 offers hole for through the second wire 22, pole on detector
Plate 5 passes through the second wire connecting detection device high voltage power supply 6, for producing uniform electric field together with parallel detector bottom crown；
Detector bottom crown 2 adopts stainless steel housing 18, and fixing groove is carved with inframe portion, in order to fixing electro-conductive glass piece 19；Under detector
Pole plate 2 is grounded, and is applied not only to produce uniform electric field with detector top crown 5, is additionally operable to the collection of particulate matter simultaneously, is adopted with reaching
With the purpose with detection.Detector top crown 5 and detector bottom crown 2 respectively with detector body 1 inwall clamping, be easy to detect
The replacing of the upper and lower pole plate of device.
Detector body 1 left end is passed through raised flange and is connected with the square cover plate 20 of charge electric appliance, detector body 1 right-hand member
Taper to internal diameter and be less than the cylinder of detector body as detector outlet 3, pipeline and air inducing are passed through in described detector outlet 3
Machine 4 is connected；Described second flowmeter 25 is arranged on the pipeline between detector outlet 3 and air-introduced machine 4.
Particle generating means is blowing-type particle generator；Described charge electric appliance high voltage power supply is high-voltage DC power supply, described
Detector high voltage power supply is negative dc high voltage power supply.Air-introduced machine in order to make to produce uniform airflow in detector so that charged
The particle stream flowing out in device is consistent with air velocity, thus geo-stationary.Gas cylinder can be conventional compressed gas cylinder, for giving
Go out air-flow, air-flow is entered in charge electric appliance after being mixed with particle and makes charging particle；Air gas cylinder may also be employed, except being used for providing air-flow
Can be additionally used in adjusting atmosphere and humidity etc..
Air-flow is given from gas cylinder 14, is mixed simultaneously with fine grained after flowmeter coutroi velocity in particle generating means 13
Enter charge electric appliance, charge electric appliance connects high-voltage DC power supply 7, by the corona discharge between discharge electrode 10 and charge electric appliance earthing pole 11
Carry out charged, then enter detector from air stream outlet 16 horizontal movement of charge electric appliance lower end 12 horizontal direction.On detector
Pole plate 5 connects negative dc source 6, and detector top crown 5 forms uniform electric field with detector bottom crown 2.Particle enters even electricity field
Directed movement after, the different particle motion trajectory of of different sizes or carried charge is different, thus particle separates and drops to charged
The diverse location of device bottom crown 2.By micro- sem observation particle position and granular size, obtain particle level motion away from
From thus being calculated charging particle amount.In detection process, detector passes through to adjust the air quantity of air-introduced machine 4, makes in detector
Air-flow velocity is equal with charge electric appliance air stream outlet flow velocity, thus not affecting particle uniform motion in the gas flow.
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, charge electric appliance upper end 8, charge electric appliance earthing pole 11 and charge electric appliance lower end 12 3 part pass through screw thread
Connect, after connection, cylindrical cavity diameter is identical in it, and cavity cross-sectional area is equal with charge electric appliance lower end air stream outlet rectangular area,
Thus ensureing that charge electric appliance interior air-flow flow velocity is constant.Leave bigger in charge electric appliance earthing pole 11 and the interior cylindrical cavity of charge electric appliance upper end 8
Form groove 17 in the space of cylindrical cavity, for placing and fixing homogenizing plate 9.
As shown in figure 3, detector bottom crown 2 is made up of stainless steel housing and electro-conductive glass piece.In order to by optical microphotograph
The ash particle that microscopy survey is collected, especially replaces conventional corrosion resistant plate using the conductive glass plate being stitched together；Stainless steel housing
Play fastening glass panels and promote electric current uniformly to act on.
Additionally, PIV Systems for optical inspection also can be increased in actual use observe movement locus in detector for the particle.
Can shoot to adding the particle motion between two pole plates in survey device, more intuitively, shooting result be processed and is divided
Analysis also can directly obtain the results such as the average carrying capacity of particle stream.
Embodiment 2
With reference to Fig. 1～4, a kind of method of measurement particulate matter carrying capacity, comprise the steps：
（1）Gas cylinder 14 output air-flow by first flowmeter 24 coutroi velocity after, in particle generating means 13 and
Grain thing mixes merga pass airflow inlet 15 and enters in charge electric appliance；
（2）The particulate matter entering charge electric appliance carries out lotus by the corona discharge between discharge electrode 10 and charge electric appliance earthing pole 11
After electricity, enter detector from air stream outlet 16 horizontal movement；Wherein, air stream outlet area and charge electric appliance agent structure hollow cavity
The area of a circle is equal；
（3）Particulate matter enter detector after, on the detector between pole plate 5 and detector bottom crown 2 produce even electricity field
It is oriented motion under field action, and drop to the diverse location of charge electric appliance bottom crown 2；Wherein, adjusted by second flowmeter 25
The air quantity of section air-introduced machine 4, keeps air-flow velocity in detector equal with charge electric appliance air stream outlet flow velocity；
（4）Take out the electro-conductive glass piece 19 in detector bottom crown 2, the position being fallen with observation by light microscope particle
And granular size, and analyzed by numerical density, obtain particle level move distance, be calculated each charging particle amount.
Electric field force：FE=Eq=Uq/h；
Viscous force：Fη=6πdpμω/Cm；
When detecting pole two-plate arrangement perpendicular to the ground, particle stress balance in a detector：FE= Fη；
Then migration velocity ω=Eq/ (3 π d μ)；
Available, the particle run duration by experiment：t=L/V0=h/ω；
Then, ω=h*V0/L；
So, the computing formula that can obtain charging particle amount is：q=3πdph2μ/(UL).
In above-mentioned formula, E is electric-field intensity, and q is charging particle amount, and h is Detection electrode spacing, and μ is dynamic viscosity, and dp is
Grain diameter, Cm is constant, and in terms of 1, L is particle level direction move distance, and V0 is particle level direction flow velocity, i.e. primary air
Flow velocity, U is detection pole tension.
If two Detection electrodes are arranged with ground level, numerical density balances as FE+mg= Fη, Action of Gravity Field need to be considered.
It is additionally provided with PIV Systems for optical inspection outside described detector.The particle between two pole plates in device can be surveyed to adding
Motion is shot, and shooting result is processed and is analyzed and also can directly obtain the results such as the average carrying capacity of particle stream.
Described gas cylinder is compressed gas cylinder, can be air gas cylinder, also can adjust atmosphere and humidity etc. by distribution, its output
Air-flow mix with particle after enter charge electric appliance in make charging particle.Particle generating means is automatic sampling apparatus；Described charged
Device high voltage power supply can be the pulse power, dc source or high frequency electric source, and described detector high voltage power supply is negative dc high voltage power supply.
Air-introduced machine is in order to make to produce uniform airflow in detector, so that the particle stream flowing out in charge electric appliance keeps one with air velocity
Cause, thus geo-stationary.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of charged measuring device of particulate matter it is characterised in that：Described device includes gas cylinder, the particle generation being sequentially connected with
Device, charge electric appliance, detector and air-introduced machine, are provided with first flowmeter between described gas cylinder and particle generating means, detector with
It is provided with second flowmeter between air-introduced machine；Described charge electric appliance is arranged on detector left end, and detector right-hand member passes through pipeline and air inducing
Machine connects；Described charge electric appliance is connected with charge electric appliance high voltage power supply by the first wire, and detector passes through the second wire and detector
High voltage power supply is connected；
In the middle part of the charge electric appliance that described charge electric appliance includes charge electric appliance upper end, be made up of charge electric appliance earthing pole, charge electric appliance lower end, homogenizing plate
And discharge electrode, in the middle part of charge electric appliance upper end, the charge electric appliance being made up of charge electric appliance earthing pole, charge electric appliance is threaded connection between lower end
Form charge electric appliance body；Homogenizing plate is laid in the groove between charge electric appliance upper end and charge electric appliance earthing pole, and discharge electrode flows with all
Plate is fixedly connected, and discharge electrode is connected with charge electric appliance high voltage power supply by the first wire；Described charge electric appliance upper end top is provided with air-flow
Import, charge electric appliance lower end base horizontal direction is provided with air stream outlet；
The agent structure of described charge electric appliance body is hollow cylinder, and its charge electric appliance upper end top tapers to internal diameter and is less than body junction
The cylinder of structure is as airflow inlet；Its charge electric appliance lower end top carries square cover plate, and charge electric appliance lower end base flaring is level
, as air stream outlet, air stream outlet area is equal with the agent structure hollow cavity area of a circle for the hollow cuboid of arrangement.
2. the charged measuring device of particulate matter according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Uniformly lay on described homogenizing plate
Several are had all to flow circular hole, homogenizing plate center is provided with the center hole for fixing discharge electrode；Described discharge electrode upper end adds
Work external screw thread, is fixed on homogenizing plate central authorities by nut, and lower end is suspended on charge electric appliance earthing pole central authorities.
3. the charged measuring device of particulate matter according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described particle generating means be
Grain generator, automatic sampling apparatus or blowing-type particle generator；Described charge electric appliance high voltage power supply is pressure dc source, pulse electricity
Source or high frequency electric source, described detector high voltage power supply is negative dc high voltage power supply.
4. a kind of one of claims 1 to 3 described device measures the method for particulate matter carrying capacity it is characterised in that including following steps
Suddenly：
(1) air-flow of gas cylinder output, after first flowmeter coutroi velocity, is mixed simultaneously with particulate matter in particle generating means
Entered in charge electric appliance by airflow inlet；
(2) enter charge electric appliance particulate matter by the corona discharge between discharge electrode and charge electric appliance earthing pole carry out charged after, from
Air stream outlet horizontal movement enters in detector；
(3), after particulate matter enters detector, the uniform electric field producing between pole plate and detector bottom crown on the detector acts on
Under be oriented motion, and drop to the diverse location of charge electric appliance bottom crown；Wherein, air-introduced machine is adjusted by second flowmeter
Air quantity, keeps air-flow velocity in detector equal with charge electric appliance air stream outlet flow velocity；
(4) take out electro-conductive glass piece, the position being fallen with observation by light microscope particle and the particle in detector bottom crown
Size, and analyzed by numerical density, obtain particle level move distance, be calculated each charging particle amount.
5. according to claim 4 measurement particulate matter carrying capacity method it is characterised in that：Also set outside described detector
There is PIV Systems for optical inspection.
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