CN103752410B - Particulate matter electricity carrying capacity measurement device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the amount of charge of particulate matter. The device includes a sequentially connected gas cylinder, a particle generating device, a charger, a detector and an induced draft fan. A first flow rate is provided between the gas cylinder and the particle generating device. There is a second flowmeter between the detector and the induced draft fan; the charger is arranged at the left end of the detector, and the right end of the detector communicates with the induced draft fan through a pipeline; the charger is connected to the high voltage power supply of the charger through the first wire , the detector is connected to the detector high-voltage power supply through the second wire. The invention is simple in structure and reasonable in design, and can accurately measure the charging amount of each single particle in the electrostatic precipitator, thereby studying the charging mechanism of the particles of the electrostatic precipitator; it is helpful for the design and research of the electrostatic precipitator system, thereby improving the dust removal of the electrostatic precipitator Efficiency, effectively controlling the emission of particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas.

Description

A device and method for measuring the charging capacity of particulate matter

technical field

The invention relates to a device and method for measuring charge quantity, in particular to a device and method for measuring charge quantity of particulate matter, belonging to the field of environmental protection.

Background technique

With the development of industry, my country's current air pollution problem is becoming more and more serious, and the number of pollutants is increasing day by day. Among them, the content of solid particles accounts for the first place in my country's air pollutants, and its concentration is an important indicator to measure the degree of air pollution. The main source of atmospheric particulate matter in my country is a large amount of smoke and dust emitted by coal-fired power plants, and these smoke and dust basically belong to inhalable particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5, which are extremely harmful to human health. This issue has attracted widespread attention from all walks of life across the country. Coal-fired power plants are one of the main sources of PM2.5 in my country. The smoke and dust emissions from coal-fired power plants in my country account for about 50% of the national industrial smoke and dust emissions. The proportion of PM2.5 in the smoke and dust emitted by most coal-fired power plants is greater than 50%.

In the prior art, the use of electrostatic precipitators to control atmospheric particulate matter is a relatively common method. The dust removal efficiency of electrostatic precipitators in coal-fired power plants can reach 99.99%, but its removal effect on submicron particles is not enough Ideally, the total removal efficiency is less than 50%.

The charging process of particles in the electrostatic precipitator is mainly divided into two situations: electric field charging and diffusion charging. Electric field charging is that negative ions are injected into much larger dust particles under the action of electric field force to charge them; diffusion The charging is the irregular thermal motion of the ions and the collision with the dust particles to charge them. The amount of charge of the particles directly affects its stress and dust collection effect. Therefore, accurate measurement of the charge amount of particles with different particle sizes is helpful for the design and research of the electrostatic precipitator system, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator and effectively To effectively control the emission of particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for measuring the charged amount of particles, which can accurately measure the charged amount of each single particle in the electrostatic precipitator, so as to study the charging mechanism of the particles in the electrostatic precipitator.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A device for measuring the charged amount of particulate matter, the device includes a gas cylinder connected in sequence, a particle generating device, a charger, a detector, and an induced draft fan, and a first flowmeter is arranged between the gas cylinder and the particle generating device to detect A second flowmeter is arranged between the device and the induced draft fan; the charge device is arranged at the left end of the detector, and the right end of the detector communicates with the induced draft fan through a pipeline; the charge device is connected with the high voltage power supply of the charge device through the first wire, and the Connect to the detector high-voltage power supply through the second wire.

Preferably, the charging device includes the upper end of the charging device, the middle part of the charging device composed of the grounding electrode of the charging device, the lower end of the charging device, an equalizer plate and the discharge electrode, the upper end of the charging device, the middle part of the charging device composed of the grounding electrode of the charging device, and the charging device. The lower ends of the electrical appliances are connected by threads to form the body of the charger; the equalizer is arranged in the groove between the upper end of the charger and the ground electrode of the charger, the discharge electrode is fixedly connected with the current equalizer, and the discharge electrode is connected to the charger through the first wire. The high-voltage power supply is connected; the upper end of the charging device is provided with an air inlet, and the lower end of the charging device is provided with an air outlet in a horizontal direction.

Preferably, the detector includes a detector body, a detector upper plate and a detector lower plate, and the detector upper plate and the detector lower plate are respectively clamped with the inner wall of the detector body; the detector upper plate passes through The second wire is connected with the high-voltage power supply of the detector, and the lower plate of the detector is grounded through the wire.

Preferably, the lower electrode plate of the detector includes a stainless steel outer frame and a conductive glass sheet, and the conductive glass sheets are arranged side by side in turn in the stainless steel frame to form a rectangular electrode plate; the area of the rectangular electrode plate is equal to the area of the upper electrode plate of the detector , the upper plate of the detector is made of stainless steel, and its shape is rectangular. In order to detect the collected particles through an optical microscope, spliced conductive glass plates are used instead of conventional stainless steel plates. The stainless steel outer frame plays the role of fixing the glass plates and promoting the uniformity of the current.

Preferably, the main structure of the charger body is a hollow cylinder, and the top of the upper end of the charger tapers into a cylinder with an inner diameter smaller than the main structure as an air inlet; the top of the lower end of the charger has a square cover plate, and the bottom of the lower end of the charger The gradually expanded hollow cuboid is used as the air outlet, and the area of the air outlet is equal to the area of the hollow cavity circle of the main structure. A flange is processed on the square cover to connect with the detector body; the horizontally arranged hollow cuboid is used as the air outlet, and the area of the air outlet of the cuboid is kept equal to the area of the hollow cavity circle.

Preferably, several flow equalizing round holes are evenly arranged on the said flow equalizing plate, and the central position of the current equalizing plate is provided with a central round hole for fixing the discharge electrode; the upper end of the discharge electrode is processed with external thread, and is fixed on the current equalizing hole by a nut. The center of the plate, and the lower end is suspended in the center of the ground electrode of the charger.

Preferably, the detector body is rectangular, its left end is connected to the square cover plate at the lower end of the charger through a raised flange, and the right end of the detector is tapered to a cylinder with an inner diameter smaller than the detector body as the detector outlet. The outlet of the detector is connected with the induced fan through a pipeline; the second flowmeter is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the detector and the induced fan.

Preferably, the particle generating device is a particle generator, an automatic sampling device or a blower type particle generator; the high-voltage power supply of the charger is a voltage direct current power supply, a pulse power supply, a high-frequency power supply, and the high-voltage power supply of the detector is Negative DC high voltage power supply.

The upper end of the charger adopts insulating materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, plexiglass, ceramics and other insulating materials. The outer opening of the upper end of the charging device is used to pass through the first wire (high-voltage wire), and there is a groove for fixing the equalizing plate inside, and the lower part is processed with internal threads; the grounding electrode of the charging device (the middle part of the charging device) is made of stainless steel. Both ends are processed with external threads for connection; the lower end of the charger is processed with internal threads; the grounding electrode of the charge is connected with the internal threads at the upper and lower ends of the charge through the external threads at both ends. The upper end of the charging device, the grounding electrode of the charging device and the lower end of the charging device are connected by threads. After the connection, the diameters of the inner cylindrical cavities are the same to form a charging device body whose main structure is a hollow cylinder. The circular area of the hollow cavity of the main structure is equal to the area of the air outlet in the horizontal direction at the lower end of the charger, so as to ensure the constant flow rate of the air in the charger.

The flow equalizer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, plexiglass, ceramics and other insulating materials; the discharge electrode is made of stainless steel and has a cylindrical structure. The upper end of the discharge electrode is processed with external threads and fixed in the center of the flow equalizer by nuts. The lower end is suspended in the center of the ground electrode, and the upper end of the discharge electrode is connected to a negative high-voltage DC power supply through the first wire, so that the particle flow is charged through corona discharge. The air outlet at the lower end of the charger is made of plexiglass, and its upper part is a hollow cylinder with a square cover plate. The upper center of the hollow cylinder is processed with an internal thread to connect with the discharge stage, and the square cover plate is processed with a flange and a detection The lower part gradually expands into a horizontally arranged hollow cuboid as the air outlet, keeping the area of the air outlet equal to the area of the hollow cavity circle of the upper hollow cylinder.

The detector body is made of plexiglass, and the whole is rectangular, which is used to guide the air flow in the detector; the upper plate of the detector is made of stainless steel, and a hole is opened on the detector body to pass through the second wire, and the upper plate of the detector is made of stainless steel. Connect the detector high-voltage power supply through the second wire, which is used to generate a uniform electric field with the parallel detector lower plate; the detector lower plate adopts a stainless steel outer frame, and the inside of the frame is engraved with a fixing groove to fix the conductive glass sheet; The lower plate of the detector is grounded, which is not only used to generate a uniform electric field with the upper plate of the detector, but also used to collect particles to achieve the purpose of collection and detection. The upper polar plate of the detector and the lower polar plate of the detector are snapped into the inner wall of the detector body respectively, so as to facilitate the replacement of the upper and lower polar plates of the detector.

The induced fan is used to generate a uniform air flow in the detector, so that the flow of particles flowing out of the charger is consistent with the air flow velocity, so that it is relatively static.

The gas cylinder can be a common compressed gas cylinder, which is used to give airflow, and the airflow mixes with the particles and enters the charger to charge the particles; an air cylinder can be used, which can also be used to adjust the atmosphere and humidity.

A method for measuring the charged amount of particulate matter, comprising the steps of:

(1) After the airflow output from the gas cylinder passes through the first flowmeter to control the flow rate, it is mixed with particulate matter in the particle generating device and enters the charger through the airflow inlet;

(2) After the particles entering the charger are charged by the corona discharge between the discharge electrode and the ground electrode of the charger, they move horizontally from the air outlet and enter the detector;

(3) After particles enter the detector, they move in a directional motion under the action of the uniform electric field generated between the upper plate of the detector and the lower plate of the detector, and land on different positions of the lower plate of the charger; among them, through the first The second flowmeter adjusts the air volume of the induced draft fan to keep the airflow velocity in the detector equal to the flow velocity of the airflow outlet of the charger;

(4) Take out the conductive glass sheet in the lower plate of the detector, use an optical microscope to observe the falling position and particle size of the particles, and analyze the force of the particles to obtain the horizontal movement distance of the particles, and calculate the charge amount of each particle.

Preferably, a PIV optical detection system is also provided outside the detector. The particle movement between the two polar plates in the tester can be photographed, which is more intuitive, and the results such as the average charge of the particle flow can be directly obtained by processing and analyzing the photographed results.

In the device for measuring the charged amount of particulate matter of the present invention, the particulate matter enters the charger from the airflow inlet of the charger along with the positive pressure airflow, is charged in the corona area in the middle of the charger, and then enters the uniform electric field of the detector through the airflow outlet at the lower end of the charger; Particles move at a uniform speed in a uniform electric field, and are finally collected by the lower plate of the detector; during the detection process, by adjusting the air volume of the induced draft fan, the flow rate of the air flow in the detector is equal to the flow rate of the air outlet of the charger, so as not to affect the flow rate of the particles in the detector. Uniform motion in an air stream. Finally, by taking out the conductive glass sheet in the lower plate of the detector, observe the position and particle size of the particles with an optical microscope, and analyze the force of the particles to obtain the horizontal movement distance of the particles, and calculate the charge amount of each particle.

The invention is simple in structure and reasonable in design, and can accurately measure the charging amount of each single particle in the electrostatic precipitator, thereby studying the charging mechanism of the particles of the electrostatic precipitator; it is helpful for the design and research of the electrostatic precipitator system, thereby improving the dust removal of the electrostatic precipitator Efficiency, effectively controlling the emission of particulate matter in coal-fired flue gas.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the charger of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the lower plate of the detector of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lower end of the charger of the present invention;

1. The detector body 2. The lower plate of the detector 3. The outlet of the detector 4. The induced draft fan 5. The upper plate of the detector 6. The high-voltage power supply of the detector 7. The high-voltage power supply of the charger 8. The upper end of the charger 9. The equalizing plate 10. Charger discharge electrode 11. Charger ground electrode 12. Charger lower end 13. Particle generator 14. Gas cylinder 15. Airflow inlet 16. Airflow outlet 17. Groove 18. Stainless steel frame 19. Conductive glass sheet 20. Square cover plate 21. First wire 22. Second wire 23. Hollow cylinder with square cover plate 24. First flow meter 25. Second flow meter.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1

With reference to Fig. 1～4, a kind of particle charge measuring device comprises gas cylinder 14, particle generating device 13, charger, detector and induced draft fan 4 connected in sequence, between described gas cylinder 14 and particle generating device 13 A first flow meter 24 is provided, and a second flow meter 25 is arranged between the detector and the induced draft fan 4; the charger is arranged at the left end of the detector, and the right end of the detector communicates with the induced draft fan through a pipeline; A wire 21 is connected to the high-voltage power supply 7 of the charger, and the detector is connected to the high-voltage power supply 6 of the detector through a second wire 22 .

The charger includes the upper end 8 of the charger, the middle part of the charger formed by the ground electrode 11 of the charger, the lower end 12 of the charger, the equalizer plate 9 and the discharge electrode 10, the upper end 8 of the charger, and the middle part of the charger formed by the ground electrode 11 of the charger 1. The lower ends 12 of the charging device are connected by threads to form the charging device body; the equalizing plate 9 is arranged in the groove 17 between the upper end 8 of the charging device and the grounding electrode 11 of the charging device, and the discharge electrode 10 is fixedly connected with the current equalizing plate 9, The discharge electrode 10 is connected to the high-voltage power supply 7 of the charging device through the first wire 21; the upper end 8 of the charging device is provided with an air inlet 15, and the lower end 12 of the charging device is provided with an air outlet 16 in the horizontal direction.

The upper end 8 of the charging device is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the upper end 8 of the charging device has an external opening for passing through the first wire (high-voltage wire), and a groove 17 for fixing the equalizing plate is opened inside, and an internal thread is processed at the lower part; The ground electrode 11 (the middle part of the charging device) is made of stainless steel, and its upper and lower ends are processed with external threads for connection; the lower end 12 of the charging device is processed with internal threads; Internally threaded fit connection. The upper end 8 of the charging device, the grounding electrode 11 of the charging device and the lower end 12 of the charging device are connected by threads. After the connection, the diameters of the inner cylindrical chambers are the same to form a charging device body whose main structure is a hollow cylinder.

The flow equalizer 9 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and several flow equalization round holes are evenly arranged on the flow equalizer, and the central position of the flow equalizer is provided with a central round hole for fixing the discharge electrode; the discharge electrode 10 adopts It is made of stainless steel and has a cylindrical structure. The upper end of the discharge electrode 10 is processed with external threads, and is fixed in the center hole of the flow equalizer 9 through a nut. The lower end is suspended in the center of the ground electrode 11 of the charger. A negative high voltage DC power supply is connected to charge the stream of particles by corona discharge. The air outlet 16 at the lower end 12 of the charger is made of plexiglass, and its upper part is a hollow cylinder 23 with a square cover plate 20. The upper center of the hollow cylinder 23 is processed with an internal thread to connect with the discharge stage 10. The square cover plate 20 The upper part is processed with a flange to connect with the detector body 1; the lower part gradually expands into a horizontally arranged hollow cuboid as the air outlet 16, and the area of the air outlet 16 is kept equal to the area of the hollow cavity circle of the upper hollow cylinder, so as to ensure the flow rate of the air in the charger constant.

The detector includes a detector body 1, a detector upper plate 5 and a detector lower plate 2, and the detector upper plate 5 and the detector lower plate 2 are engaged with the inner wall of the detector body 1 respectively; the detector upper plate 5 is connected to the detector high-voltage power supply 6 through the second wire 22, and the detector lower plate 2 is grounded through the wire.

The lower electrode plate 2 of the detector comprises a stainless steel frame 18 and a conductive glass sheet 19, and the conductive glass sheet 19 is arranged side by side in turn in the stainless steel outer frame 18 to form a rectangular electrode plate; the area of the rectangular electrode plate is the same as that of the detector upper electrode plate 5 The areas are equal.

The detector body 1 is made of plexiglass, which is rectangular as a whole, and is used to guide the air flow in the detector; the upper plate 5 of the detector is made of stainless steel, and the detector body 1 is provided with a hole for passing through the second wire 22 to detect The upper plate 5 of the detector is connected to the high-voltage power supply 6 of the detector through the second wire, and is used to generate a uniform electric field together with the lower plate of the detector in parallel; the lower plate 2 of the detector adopts a stainless steel outer frame 18, and a fixing groove is engraved inside the frame , to fix the conductive glass sheet 19; the detector lower plate 2 is grounded, not only used to generate a uniform electric field with the detector upper plate 5, but also used for particle collection to achieve the purpose of adoption and detection. The detector upper pole plate 5 and the detector lower pole plate 2 are engaged with the inner wall of the detector body 1 respectively, which facilitates the replacement of the detector upper and lower pole plates.

The left end of the detector body 1 is connected to the square cover plate 20 of the charger through a raised flange, and the right end of the detector body 1 is tapered to a cylinder with an inner diameter smaller than the detector body as the detector outlet 3, and the detector outlet 3 passes through The pipeline is connected with the induced fan 4; the second flow meter 25 is arranged on the pipeline between the detector outlet 3 and the induced fan 4.

The particle generating device is a blower type particle generator; the high voltage power supply of the charger is a high voltage direct current power supply, and the high voltage power supply of the detector is a negative direct current high voltage power supply. The induced fan is used to generate a uniform air flow in the detector, so that the flow of particles flowing out of the charger is consistent with the air flow velocity, so that it is relatively static. The gas cylinder can be a common compressed gas cylinder, which is used to give the airflow, and the airflow is mixed with the particles and enters the charger to charge the particles; air cylinders can also be used, which can be used to adjust the atmosphere and humidity in addition to giving the airflow.

The gas flow is given from the gas cylinder 14, and after the flow rate is controlled by the flow meter, it is mixed with the fine particles in the particle generating device 13 and enters the charger. The corona discharge is charged, and then moves horizontally from the gas outlet 16 in the horizontal direction of the lower end 12 of the charger into the detector. The upper pole plate 5 of the detector is connected with the negative DC power supply 6, and the upper pole plate 5 of the detector and the lower pole plate 2 of the detector form a uniform electric field. After the particles enter the uniform electric field, they move in a directional manner, and particles with different sizes or charges have different trajectories, so that the particles separate and land on different positions of the electrode plate 2 under the charger. The position and size of the particles are observed through a microscope, and the horizontal movement distance of the particles is obtained, so as to calculate the charge amount of the particles. During the detection process, the detector adjusts the air volume of the induced draft fan 4 to make the flow rate of the air flow in the detector equal to the flow rate of the air outlet of the charger, so as not to affect the uniform movement of the particles in the air flow.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4, the upper end 8 of the charger, the ground electrode 11 of the charger and the lower end 12 of the charger are connected by threads. The areas of the rectangles are equal, so as to ensure that the flow rate of the airflow in the charger remains constant. A gap slightly larger than the cylindrical cavity is left in the inner cylindrical cavity of the charging device ground electrode 11 and the charging device upper end 8 to form a groove 17 for placing and fixing the equalizer plate 9 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the lower electrode plate 2 of the detector is composed of a stainless steel frame and a conductive glass sheet. In order to detect the collected dust particles through an optical microscope, spliced conductive glass plates are used instead of conventional stainless steel plates; the stainless steel outer frame plays the role of fixing the glass plates and promoting the uniformity of the current.

In addition, in actual use, a PIV optical detection system can be added to observe the trajectory of particles in the detector. The particle movement between the two polar plates in the tester can be photographed, which is more intuitive, and the results such as the average charge of the particle flow can be directly obtained by processing and analyzing the photographed results.

Example 2

Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a method for measuring the charge of particulate matter comprises the following steps:

(1) After the airflow output by the gas cylinder 14 passes through the first flow meter 24 to control the flow rate, it is mixed with particulate matter in the particle generating device 13 and enters the charge through the airflow inlet 15;

(2) After the particulate matter entering the charger is charged by the corona discharge between the discharge electrode 10 and the ground electrode 11 of the charger, it moves horizontally from the air outlet 16 into the detector; where the area of the air outlet and the main structure of the charger The area of the hollow cavity circle is equal;

(3) After the particles enter the detector, they move directionally under the action of the uniform electric field generated between the upper plate 5 of the detector and the lower plate 2 of the detector, and land on different positions of the lower plate 2 of the charger; , adjust the air volume of the induced draft fan 4 through the second flow meter 25, and keep the airflow velocity in the detector equal to the airflow outlet flow velocity of the charger;

(4) Take out the conductive glass sheet 19 in the lower plate 2 of the detector, observe the falling position and particle size of the particles with an optical microscope, and analyze the force of the particles to obtain the horizontal movement distance of the particles, and calculate the charge amount of each particle.

Electric field force: F _E =Eq=Uq/h;

Viscous force: F _η =6πdpμω/Cm;

When the two polar plates of the detection pole are arranged vertically to the ground, the particles are balanced in force in the detector: F _E = F _η ;

Then the driving speed ω=Eq/(3πdμ);

It can be obtained through experiments that the particle movement time: t=L/V0=h/ω;

Then, ω=h*V0/L;

Therefore, the calculation formula of particle charge can be obtained as: q=3πdph2μ/(UL).

In the above formula, E is the electric field strength, q is the charged amount of the particle, h is the distance between the detection plates, μ is the dynamic viscosity, dp is the particle size, Cm is a constant, calculated as 1, L is the horizontal movement distance of the particle, V0 is the flow velocity of the particles in the horizontal direction, that is, the flow velocity of the main airflow, and U is the detection electrode voltage.

If the two detection plates are arranged horizontally with the ground, the force balance of the particles is F _E + mg = F _η , and the effect of gravity must be considered.

A PIV optical detection system is also provided outside the detector. The particle movement between the two polar plates in the tester can be photographed, and the results can be processed and analyzed directly to obtain the average charge of the particle flow and other results.

The gas cylinder is a compressed gas cylinder, which can be an air cylinder, and can also adjust the atmosphere and humidity by distributing gas. The airflow output from it is mixed with the particles and then enters the charger to charge the particles. The particle generating device is an automatic sampling device; the high-voltage power supply of the charger can be a pulse power supply, a DC power supply or a high-frequency power supply, and the high-voltage power supply of the detector is a negative DC high-voltage power supply. The induced fan is used to generate a uniform air flow in the detector, so that the flow of particles flowing out of the charger is consistent with the air flow velocity, so that it is relatively static.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of charged measuring device of particulate matter it is characterised in that：Described device includes gas cylinder, the particle generation being sequentially connected with Device, charge electric appliance, detector and air-introduced machine, are provided with first flowmeter between described gas cylinder and particle generating means, detector with It is provided with second flowmeter between air-introduced machine；Described charge electric appliance is arranged on detector left end, and detector right-hand member passes through pipeline and air inducing Machine connects；Described charge electric appliance is connected with charge electric appliance high voltage power supply by the first wire, and detector passes through the second wire and detector High voltage power supply is connected；

In the middle part of the charge electric appliance that described charge electric appliance includes charge electric appliance upper end, be made up of charge electric appliance earthing pole, charge electric appliance lower end, homogenizing plate And discharge electrode, in the middle part of charge electric appliance upper end, the charge electric appliance being made up of charge electric appliance earthing pole, charge electric appliance is threaded connection between lower end Form charge electric appliance body；Homogenizing plate is laid in the groove between charge electric appliance upper end and charge electric appliance earthing pole, and discharge electrode flows with all Plate is fixedly connected, and discharge electrode is connected with charge electric appliance high voltage power supply by the first wire；Described charge electric appliance upper end top is provided with air-flow Import, charge electric appliance lower end base horizontal direction is provided with air stream outlet；

The agent structure of described charge electric appliance body is hollow cylinder, and its charge electric appliance upper end top tapers to internal diameter and is less than body junction The cylinder of structure is as airflow inlet；Its charge electric appliance lower end top carries square cover plate, and charge electric appliance lower end base flaring is level , as air stream outlet, air stream outlet area is equal with the agent structure hollow cavity area of a circle for the hollow cuboid of arrangement.

2. the charged measuring device of particulate matter according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Uniformly lay on described homogenizing plate Several are had all to flow circular hole, homogenizing plate center is provided with the center hole for fixing discharge electrode；Described discharge electrode upper end adds Work external screw thread, is fixed on homogenizing plate central authorities by nut, and lower end is suspended on charge electric appliance earthing pole central authorities.

3. the charged measuring device of particulate matter according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described particle generating means be Grain generator, automatic sampling apparatus or blowing-type particle generator；Described charge electric appliance high voltage power supply is pressure dc source, pulse electricity Source or high frequency electric source, described detector high voltage power supply is negative dc high voltage power supply.

4. a kind of one of claims 1 to 3 described device measures the method for particulate matter carrying capacity it is characterised in that including following steps Suddenly：

(1) air-flow of gas cylinder output, after first flowmeter coutroi velocity, is mixed simultaneously with particulate matter in particle generating means Entered in charge electric appliance by airflow inlet；

(2) enter charge electric appliance particulate matter by the corona discharge between discharge electrode and charge electric appliance earthing pole carry out charged after, from Air stream outlet horizontal movement enters in detector；

(3), after particulate matter enters detector, the uniform electric field producing between pole plate and detector bottom crown on the detector acts on Under be oriented motion, and drop to the diverse location of charge electric appliance bottom crown；Wherein, air-introduced machine is adjusted by second flowmeter Air quantity, keeps air-flow velocity in detector equal with charge electric appliance air stream outlet flow velocity；

(4) take out electro-conductive glass piece, the position being fallen with observation by light microscope particle and the particle in detector bottom crown Size, and analyzed by numerical density, obtain particle level move distance, be calculated each charging particle amount.

5. according to claim 4 measurement particulate matter carrying capacity method it is characterised in that：Also set outside described detector There is PIV Systems for optical inspection.