CN103752255A - Material for purifying micromolecule poisonous gases as well as preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Material for purifying micromolecule poisonous gases as well as preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a material for purifying micromolecule poisonous gases as well as a preparation method of the material, and belongs to the technical field of poisonous gas purification. The purification material comprises spherical carriers and reactive metal oxides; the spherical carriers are flower spherical rear-earth metal oxides, and are formed by weaving flaky petals; the reactive metal oxides are attached to petal clearances of the spherical carriers and petals at the outer layer in a form of nano particles. The material provided by the invention is a poisonous gas purification material, and greatly improves the protection effect of a protective facial mask at normal temperature, has two functions of adsorption and chemocatalysis and decomposition, and has a better protection effect and a purification function, compared with the existing catalytic materials, the service life of the material is prolonged by more than 10 times and meanwhile good antibacterial and sterilizing effects are achieved; the preparation method provided by the invention is mature in synthesis technology; the technical operation is easy to master; the microstructure of a purifying agent is in uniform distribution, and the productivity reaches 80% above.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of material purifying for toxic gas and preparation method thereof, belong to poison gas purification techniques field.
Background technology
For the problems that exist in the little molecular chemistry poisonous substance protection in the events such as emergent anti-terrorism, disposal secondary disaster, elimination.The material with carbon element preventive means of traditional active carbon, impregnating metal salt and organic amine, for this micromolecular poisonous substance, guard time is shorter, and adsorption capacity is limited, and integral protection effect is undesirable; Lack rational little molecular chemistry poisonous substance simultaneously and eliminate means.The effect of removing such material in air cleaning also undesirable simultaneously.Its small molecular poisonous substance mainly comprises: HCN, CNCl, CO, HF, Cl
2, NH
3etc. chemical classes noxious material, also more outstanding owing to the problem of feature in emergent anti-terrorism such as easily making, easily discharge.Therefore carry out at present urgently new breakthrough of the effective protective materials problem of little molecule poisonous substance.
Thereby, carry out the research that novel poisonous substance is processed the preparation of material and is applied to little molecule poisonous substance protection, purifies, for the protection that solves little molecule poisonous substance, eliminate and purify toxic and harmful, widen protective materials pedigree, all there is urgent demand.By the optimization of the screening of catalyst cupport composition and preparation condition, synthesize the more excellent material of gas defence performance, solved a protection difficult problem for little molecule toxic agent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of material purifying for little molecule toxic gas and preparation method thereof, for emergent anti-terrorism, and dispose the protection of the little molecular chemistry poisonous substance in the events such as secondary disaster.
The material purifying for little molecule toxic gas that the present invention proposes, its microstructure is flower ball-shaped, comprises spheroid carrier and reactive metal oxides; Described spheroid carrier is flower ball-shaped rare-earth oxide, rare-earth oxide is one or more oxides that mix with any ratio in cerium oxide, lanthana, praseodymium oxide or neodymia, spheroid carrier is interwoven by sheet petal, the diameter L of spheroid carrier is 3-5 micron, and pattern is loose porous tridimensional network; Described reactive metal oxides is attached to the form of nano particle in the petal gap of spheroid carrier and on outer petal, and the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:5～20; The granularity of described reactive metal oxides is 50～200 nanometers, and described reactive metal oxides is any in cupric oxide, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and silver oxide or multiplely with any ratio, mixes.
The preparation method for little molecule toxic gas scavenging material that the present invention proposes, comprises the following steps:
(1) by lactosucrose or glucose, lanthanide series metal nitrate and acrylamide or crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein lactosucrose or glucose, cerous nitrate or lanthanum nitrate, the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of acrylamide or the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.01～1, 0.015～1, 0.02～1, with urea or ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 8～12, obtain colloid, stir 3～12 hours, at 120～300 ℃, react 10～120 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed 5～8 times, absolute ethanol washing 5～8 times, dry after 4～8 hours at 80 ℃, at 450～600 ℃, calcine 6～24 hours, obtain spheroid carrier,
(2) by soluble in water one or more nitrate that mix with any ratio in metallic copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt or silver, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.01～10, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:5～20; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent oxalic acid or potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, the molar concentration (mol/L) of its mesoxalic acid or potassium oxalate is 0.015～15; Under normal temperature, stir 3～8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5～6 times, absolute ethanol washing 5～6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 3～6 hours at 300～500 ℃, obtaining load has the powder of reactive metal oxides nano particle;
(3) by the above-mentioned powder of preparing, suppress 1～10min under 1～5MPa after, be broken into the granule of 0.5～2 μ m, or in powder, add a small amount of POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL or polyacrolein as binding agent, and by granulation, obtain the granule of 0.5～2 μ m, be graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
The one that the present invention proposes is for little molecule toxic gas scavenging material and preparation method thereof, and its advantage is:
1, the toxic gas scavenging material that the present invention proposes, improves greatly to the protection effect of toxic gas.When this scavenging material is used for to breathing mask, to make comparisons with the impregnated carbon for the treatment of toxic gas of same volume, guard time improves 3-5 doubly, has improved by a relatively large margin the protection effect of mask under normal temperature.
2, the toxic gas scavenging material that the present invention proposes, from principle, be different from traditional material with carbon element, material with carbon element is mainly physical absorption noxious material, and scavenging material prepared by the present invention has absorption and chemical catalysis decomposes two kinds of functions, therefore has higher protection effect and purification function.
3, the scavenging material that the present invention proposes, its long service life, in the time of 30～100 ℃, the material continuous catalysis time exceedes 2000 hours, in scavenging material, the catalytic activity of catalyst remains unchanged substantially, compared with existing catalysis class material, improved nearly 10 times more than its service life, thereby reduced the processing cost of toxic gas.
4, the scavenging material that the present invention proposes has well antibacterial and bactericidal effect simultaneously, and bacterium and virus are had to good killing action, and common bacteria and virus are had to the sterilizing rate that is greater than 99.7%.
5, the present invention proposes scavenging material and preparation method, synthesis technique maturation, technical operation is easy to grasp, and cleanser microstructure is evenly distributed, and productive rate is more than 80%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the spheroid carrier prepared of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the stereoscan photograph of the spheroid carrier prepared of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the stereoscan photograph of the material powder prepared of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The material purifying for little molecule toxic gas that the present invention proposes, its microstructure is flower ball-shaped, comprise spheroid carrier and reactive metal oxides, wherein the structural representation of spheroid carrier as shown in Figure 1, for flower ball-shaped rare-earth oxide, rare-earth oxide is one or more oxides that mix with any ratio in cerium oxide, lanthana, praseodymium oxide or neodymia, spheroid carrier is interwoven by sheet petal, the diameter L of spheroid carrier is 3-5 micron, and pattern is loose porous tridimensional network.Reactive metal oxides is attached to the form of nano particle in the petal gap of spheroid carrier and on outer petal, and the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:5～20.The granularity of reactive metal oxides is 50～200 nanometers, and reactive metal oxides is any in cupric oxide, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and silver oxide or multiplely with any ratio, mixes.
The preparation method for little molecule toxic gas scavenging material that the present invention proposes, comprises the following steps:
(1) by lactosucrose or glucose, lanthanide series metal nitrate and acrylamide or crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein lactosucrose or glucose, cerous nitrate or lanthanum nitrate, the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of acrylamide or the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.01～1, 0.015～1, 0.02～1, with urea or ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 8～12, obtain colloid, stir 3～12 hours, at 120～300 ℃, react 10～120 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed 5～8 times, absolute ethanol washing 5～8 times, dry after 4～8 hours at 80 ℃, at 450～600 ℃, calcine 6～24 hours, obtain spheroid carrier,
(2) by soluble in water one or more nitrate that mix with any ratio in metallic copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt or silver, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.01～10, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:5～20; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent oxalic acid or potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, the molar concentration (mol/L) of its mesoxalic acid or potassium oxalate is 0.015～15; Under normal temperature, stir 3～8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5～6 times, absolute ethanol washing 5～6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 3～6 hours at 300～500 ℃, obtaining load has the powder of reactive metal oxides nano particle;
(3) by the above-mentioned powder of preparing, suppress 1～10min under 1～5MPa after, be broken into the granule of 0.5～2 μ m, or in powder, add a small amount of POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL or polyacrolein as binding agent, and by granulation, obtain the granule of 0.5～2 μ m, be graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Below introduce the embodiment of the inventive method:
Embodiment 1 is prepared with poisonous gas scavenging material: AgO/CeO
2: 5.0% AgO loading
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.025,0.03,0.03, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9, obtain colloid, stir 4 hours, at 140 ℃, react 40 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 500 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2, the microscopic appearance of spheroid carrier as shown in Figure 2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of argent, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.1, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:19; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.1; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, at 450 ℃, calcine 6 hours, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle, and the microscopic appearance of this powder as shown in Figure 3;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 2min under 2MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 2 is prepared with poisonous gas scavenging material: AgO/CeO
2: 10.0% AgO loading
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.1,0.11,0.13, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9.5, obtain colloid, stir 4 hours, at 160 ℃, react 60 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of argent, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.5, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:9; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 7 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 550 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 5min under 3MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 3 toxic gas scavenging material: AgO/CeO
2: 15.0% AgO loading
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.3,0.32,0.35, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9.5, obtain colloid, stir 4 hours, at 180 ℃, react 80 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of argent, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.5, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:5.6; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 7 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 550 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 8min under 4MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 4 toxic gas scavenging material: CuO/CeO
2: 5.0% CuO loading
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.8,0.81,0.83, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 10, obtain colloid, stir 8 hours, at 190 ℃, react 120 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic copper, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.1, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:19; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.1; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 450 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 2min under 4MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 5 toxic gas scavenging material: CuO/CeO
2: 10.0% CuO loading
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.5,0.51,0.53, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 10, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 220 ℃, react 80 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic copper, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.5, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:9; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 450 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 2min under 4MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 6 toxic gas scavenging material: CuO/CeO
2: 15.0% CuO loading
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.1,0.11,0.13, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 10, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 220 ℃, react 80 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic copper, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 1.0, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:5.7; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 1.0; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 550 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 2min under 4MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 7 toxic gas scavenging material: ZnO/CeO
2: 12% ZnO loading
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.6,0.61,0.63, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 10, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 250 ℃, react 50 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic zinc, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.5, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:7.3; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 450 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 2min under 4MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 8 toxic gas scavenging material: NiO/CeO
2: 10% NiO loading
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.6,0.61,0.63, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 10, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 250 ℃, react 50 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic nickel, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.2, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:9; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.2; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 600 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 5min under 4MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 9 toxic gas scavenging material: CoO/CeO
2: 10% CoO loading
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.2,0.21,0.23, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 10, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 250 ℃, react 50 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 600 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic cobalt, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.6, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:9; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.6; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 550 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 5min under 4MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 10 toxic gas scavenging material: CuO-ZnO-NiO/CeO
2: the loading of 3%-3%-4%
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.2,0.21,0.23, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 10, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 250 ℃, react 50 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 600 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic copper, zinc, nickel, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is respectively 0.3,0.3,0.4, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:1:1.3:30; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 1.0; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 450 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 5min under 4MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 11 toxic gas scavenging material: CuO-ZnO-AgO/CeO
2: the loading of 4%-4%-2%
(1) by glucose, cerous nitrate and crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, cerous nitrate, the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.2,0.21,0.23, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 10, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 250 ℃, react 50 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 600 ℃, calcined 10 hours, obtain glassy yellow spheroid carrier CeO
2;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic copper, zinc, silver, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is respectively 0.2,0.2,0.1, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:1:0.5:22.5; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 450 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, is broken into the granule of 1.5～2 μ m suppress 5min under 4MPa after; Obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 12 toxic gas scavenging material: AgO/La
2o
3: 10.0% AgO loading
(1) by glucose, lanthanum nitrate and acrylamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, lanthanum nitrate, the each component of acrylamide is respectively: 0.03,0.025,0.028, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9.6, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 160 ℃, react 8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 8 hours, obtain white spheroid carrier La
2o
3;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of argent, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.5, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:9; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 7 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 550 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, adds micro-binding agent PVB, by ball milling granulation, obtain the granule of 1.5-2 μ m, obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 13 toxic gas scavenging material: CuO/La
2o
3: 12.0% CuO loading
(1) by glucose, lanthanum nitrate and acrylamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, lanthanum nitrate, the each component of acrylamide is respectively: 0.5,0.55,0.58, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9.6, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 160 ℃, react 8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 8 hours, obtain white spheroid carrier La
2o
3;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic copper, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.5, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:7.3; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 7 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 550 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, adds micro-binding agent PVB, by ball milling granulation, obtain the granule of 1.5-2 μ m, obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 14 toxic gas scavenging material: ZnO/La
2o
3: 12% ZnO loading
(1) by glucose, lanthanum nitrate and acrylamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, lanthanum nitrate, the each component of acrylamide is respectively: 0.5,0.55,0.58, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9.6, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 160 ℃, react 8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 8 hours, obtain white spheroid carrier La
2o
3;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic zinc, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.5, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:7.3; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 7 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 550 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, adds micro-binding agent PVB, by ball milling granulation, obtain the granule of 1.5-2 μ m, obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 15 toxic gas scavenging material: NiO/La
2o
3: 10% NiO loading
(1) by glucose, lanthanum nitrate and acrylamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, lanthanum nitrate, the each component of acrylamide is respectively: 0.5,0.55,0.58, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9.6, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 160 ℃, react 8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 8 hours, obtain white spheroid carrier La
2o
3;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic nickel, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.5, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:7.3; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 7 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 550 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, adds micro-binding agent PVB, by ball milling granulation, obtain the granule of 1.5-2 μ m, obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 16 toxic gas scavenging material: CoO/La
2o
3: 10% CoO loading
(1) by glucose, lanthanum nitrate and acrylamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, lanthanum nitrate, the each component of acrylamide is respectively: 0.5,0.55,0.58, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9.6, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 160 ℃, react 8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 8 hours, obtain white spheroid carrier La
2o
3;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic cobalt, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is 0.5, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:7.3; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 0.5; Under normal temperature, stir 7 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 550 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, adds micro-binding agent PVB, by ball milling granulation, obtain the granule of 1.5-2 μ m, obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 17 toxic gas scavenging material: CuO-ZnO-NiO/La
2o
3: the loading of 3%-3%-4%
(1) by glucose, lanthanum nitrate and acrylamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, lanthanum nitrate, the each component of acrylamide is respectively: 0.5,0.55,0.58, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9.6, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 160 ℃, react 8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 8 hours, obtain white spheroid carrier La
2o
3;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic copper, zinc, nickel, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is respectively 0.6,0.6,0.8, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:1:1.3:30; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 2.0; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 450 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, adds micro-binding agent PVB, by ball milling granulation, obtain the granule of 1.5-2 μ m, obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 18 toxic gas scavenging material: CuO-ZnO-AgO/La
2o
3: the loading of 4%-4%-2%
(1) by glucose, lanthanum nitrate and acrylamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein the aqueous solution molar concentration (mol/L) of glucose, lanthanum nitrate, the each component of acrylamide is respectively: 0.5,0.55,0.58, with ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 9.6, obtain colloid, stir 5 hours, at 160 ℃, react 8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 6 times, absolute ethanol washing 6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 5 hours, at 550 ℃, calcined 8 hours, obtain white spheroid carrier La
2o
3;
(2) by soluble in water the nitrate of metallic copper, zinc, silver, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide (mol/L) is respectively 0.4,0.4,0.2, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:1:0.5:22.5; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, wherein the molar concentration of potassium oxalate (mol/L) is 1.0; Under normal temperature, stir 5 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5 times, absolute ethanol washing 5 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 6 hours at 450 ℃, obtaining load has the toxic gas scavenging material powder of active metal nano particle;
(3) step (2) is prepared with to poisonous gas scavenging material powder, adds micro-binding agent PVB, by ball milling granulation, obtain the granule of 1.5-2 μ m, obtain graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
Embodiment 19 toxic gas Processing Examples
The toxic gas scavenging material particle of getting preparation in 10g embodiment (1～14), packs in the stainless steel tube reactor of 10mm, stainless (steel) wire interception for front and back, compacting.Test, when timing starts, reactor passes into the HCN poisonous substance gas of 30～40 μ g/L, flow velocity is 1.6L/min, the Immesion active carbon that contrast test is same volume, by detector detect by the poisonous substance gas concentration after reactor, exceed 8 μ g/L after timing finish; The CNCl poisonous substance gas that passes into 30～40 μ g/L, flow velocity is 2.0L/min, the Immesion active carbon that contrast test is same volume, by detector detect by the poisonous substance gas concentration after reactor, exceed 8 μ g/L after timing finish; The CO poisonous substance gas that passes into 100～110mg/L, flow velocity is 2.0L/min, the Immesion active carbon that contrast test is same volume, by detector detect by the poisonous substance gas concentration after reactor, exceed 1mg/L after timing finish; The HF poisonous substance gas that passes into 40～43mg/L, flow velocity is 2.0L/min, the Immesion active carbon that contrast test is same volume, by detector detect by the poisonous substance gas concentration after reactor, exceed 1mg/L after timing finish; Pass into the Cl of 60～65mg/L
2poisonous substance gas, flow velocity is 2.0L/min, the Immesion active carbon that contrast test is same volume is detected by timing after the super 1mg/L of poisonous substance gas concentration after reactor and is finished by detector; Poisonous substance gas is guard time by the time of material, and concrete material and guard time see the following form:
。
Claims (2)
1. the material purifying for little molecule toxic gas, is characterized in that the microstructure of this scavenging material is flower ball-shaped, comprises spheroid carrier and reactive metal oxides; Described spheroid carrier is flower ball-shaped rare-earth oxide, rare-earth oxide is one or more oxides that mix with any ratio in cerium oxide, lanthana, praseodymium oxide or neodymia, spheroid carrier is interwoven by sheet petal, the diameter L of spheroid carrier is 3-5 micron, and pattern is loose porous tridimensional network; Described reactive metal oxides is attached to the form of nano particle in the petal gap of spheroid carrier and on outer petal, and the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:5～20; The granularity of described reactive metal oxides is 50～200 nanometers, and described reactive metal oxides is any in cupric oxide, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide and silver oxide or multiplely with any ratio, mixes.
2. for a preparation method for little molecule toxic gas scavenging material, it is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) by lactosucrose or glucose, lanthanide series metal nitrate and acrylamide or crotonamide, water-soluble, obtain solution, wherein lactosucrose or glucose, cerous nitrate or lanthanum nitrate, the aqueous solution molar concentration of acrylamide or the each component of crotonamide is respectively: 0.01～1, 0.015～1, 0.02～1, with urea or ammoniacal liquor adjusting pH value to 8～12, obtain colloid, stir 3～12 hours, at 120～300 ℃, react 10～120 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed 5～8 times, absolute ethanol washing 5～8 times, dry after 4～8 hours at 80 ℃, at 450～600 ℃, calcine 6～24 hours, obtain spheroid carrier,
(2) by soluble in water one or more nitrate that mix with any ratio in metallic copper, zinc, nickel, cobalt or silver, make solution A, in solution A, the molar concentration of metal oxide is 0.01～10, spheroid carrier prepared by step (1), putting into solution A stirs, obtain suspension B, in suspension B, the mass ratio of reactive metal oxides and spheroid carrier is 1:5～20; In suspension B, add precipitating reagent oxalic acid or potassium oxalate that precipitation is generated, the molar concentration of its mesoxalic acid or potassium oxalate is 0.015～15; Under normal temperature, stir 3～8 hours, filtration is precipitated thing, sediment is washed at 5～6 times, absolute ethanol washing 5～6 times, 80 ℃ after dry 8 hours, under air atmosphere, calcined 3～6 hours at 300～500 ℃, obtaining load has the powder of reactive metal oxides nano particle;
(3) by the above-mentioned powder of preparing, suppress 1～10min under 1～5MPa after, be broken into the granule of 0.5～2 μ m, or in powder, add a small amount of POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL or polyacrolein as binding agent, and by granulation, obtain the granule of 0.5～2 μ m, be graininess toxic gas scavenging material.
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| CN104857957A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-08-26 | 中国人民解放军防化学院 | Gold catalyst used for low-temperature catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide and preparation method thereof |
| CN109170740A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏润邦食品有限公司 | A kind of sphere adsorption purifying type honey defecation method and adsorption cleaning sphere |
| CN109170741A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏润邦食品有限公司 | A kind of stirring-type honey defecation method and adsorption cleaning sphere |
| CN110433807A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-12 | 山西新华化工有限责任公司 | It is a kind of to carry Co catalysts material and preparation without ammono-system for protect cyanogen chloride |
| CN115121221A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-09-30 | 山西新华防化装备研究院有限公司 | Loaded CeO 2 Preparation method of CuO ammonia-free system activated carbon |
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