CN103748317B - System and method and the hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum of hydrocarbons product stream is produced by hydrocarbon well logistics - Google Patents
System and method and the hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum of hydrocarbons product stream is produced by hydrocarbon well logistics Download PDFInfo
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- CN103748317B CN103748317B CN201280040164.6A CN201280040164A CN103748317B CN 103748317 B CN103748317 B CN 103748317B CN 201280040164 A CN201280040164 A CN 201280040164A CN 103748317 B CN103748317 B CN 103748317B
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- hydrocarbon
- logistics
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- knockout drum
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Links
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 262
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 262
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 243
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical class [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 sulphur compound Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940100892 mercury compound Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000002731 mercury compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyriproxyfen Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1OC(C)COC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Abstract
Hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum is used to process hydrocarbon well logistics.Described tank has the liquid phase liquid for separating hydrocarbon well logistics and the bottom compartment (102) of gaseous state hydrocarbon phase and allows the hydrocarbon well logistics outside entrance (110) flowing into hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum bottom compartment from hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum.Described tank also has the top compartment (104) being positioned on gravity direction above bottom compartment, with the inner passage (106) making bottom compartment be connected with top compartment fluid.The filter (108) that can filter out hydrargyrum from gaseous state hydrocarbon phase it is placed with in described top compartment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be produced the system and method for hydrocarbons product stream by hydrocarbon well logistics.On the other hand,
The invention still further relates to hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum.This hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum may be used for institute here
In disclosed system and/or method or form of system disclosed herein and/or method
Point.
Background technology
Natural gas and/or crude oil is generally comprised and containing water by the hydrocarbon well logistics of subsurface formations output
Aqueous phase.Natural gas is commonly included acid molecule such as carbon dioxide CO2With sulphur compound such as H2S
Non-hydrocarbon molecule polluted.But the hydrocarbon well logistics in addition, produced in certain areas, the world can
The hydrargyrum that be enough to make their process come into question can be contained.Hydrargyrum be not only present in produced water and/
Or in crude oil, it is also possible to it is present in natural gas.
United States Patent (USP) US4982050 disclose wherein raw gas liquefy before to it at
The method and system of reason.Except some setting the coldest in system before main heat exchanger
Outside Hg cold trap, in natural gas and the possibility easily damaged by hydrargyrum or generation discharges in the environment
Before the equipment contact of mercurous gas, it is provided that a single Hg remover is by making natural gas
In processing bed, contact removes main mercury contaminants present in natural gas.From mercury removal device
Eluting gas be carried through carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide removal unit.
Patent application publication US 2010/0032344 discloses and reduces crude oil in oil wells in field
The method of elemental mercury concentration contained by.Crude oil from crude oil well is sent to separator, by its point
From for the gaseous hydrocarbon stream of hydrocarbonaceous, hydrargyrum and water and liquid hydrocarbonaceous streams.Gaseous hydrocarbon is removed from separator
Logistics and liquid hydrocarbonaceous streams.At least part of gaseous hydrocarbon stream from separator removing will be comprised
Mercurous gas feed join as isolated system arrange mercury removal device in.
Especially for maritime environment, working place is rare and expensive.Therefore, for sea
Environmental applications (such as offshore hydrocarbon fluid production platform, for example, offshore production storage and feel trim actuator
And/or marine liquefied natural gas (LNG) production mechanism form) for, it is known that method be not to have very much attraction
Power.
Summary of the invention
In first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of method being produced hydrocarbons product stream by hydrocarbon well logistics,
Said method comprising the steps of:
-being produced hydrocarbon well logistics by subsurface formations, described hydrocarbon well logistics includes at least gaseous state hydrocarbon phase and liquid
Phase;
-by the bottom compartment of hydrocarbon well logistics charging to hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum;
-in described bottom compartment, it is allowed to liquid phase liquid is separated with gaseous hydrocarbon;
-by liquid outlet from hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum drain;
-the top compartment that gaseous state hydrocarbon phase is delivered in hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum by inner passage
In, wherein said inner passage is positioned at above liquid outlet on gravity direction, and wherein institute
State top compartment to be positioned on gravity direction above described bottom compartment;
-make gaseous hydrocarbon by being arranged on the filter in hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum top compartment;
-in described filter the hydrargyrum in accumulation gaseous state hydrocarbon phase;
-discharge the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after filtering, the gaseous hydrocarbon after described filtration from described top compartment
Logistics include from gaseous state hydrocarbon phase containing hydrocarbon molecule but without the hydrargyrum accumulated the most in the filter
Steam;
-process the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after filtering further, with by the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after described filtration
Produce hydrocarbons product stream.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum, comprising:
-for the bottom compartment making the liquid phase liquid of hydrocarbon well logistics be separated with gaseous hydrocarbon;
-allow hydrocarbon well logistics to flow into hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum from the outside of hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum
The entrance of portion's compartment;
-for from the liquid outlet of hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum drain;
-on gravity direction, it is positioned at the top compartment above bottom compartment;
-make the inner passage that bottom compartment is connected, wherein said inner passage with top compartment fluid
Gravity direction is positioned at above liquid outlet;
-for will filter after gaseous hydrocarbon stream be expelled to hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum from top compartment
Outside outlet;
-be placed on top compartment in can filter out the filter of hydrargyrum from gaseous hydrocarbon, wherein said
Inner passage and described outlet fluid partitioning so that gaseous state hydrocarbon phase by outlet under
Portion's compartment has to flow through filter before discharging.
It yet still another aspect, the present invention provides a kind of system being produced hydrocarbons product stream by hydrocarbon well logistics,
Comprising:
-above-mentioned or following hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum;
-being connected with the outlet fluid of described hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum and arranging is used for receiving filtration
After gaseous hydrocarbon stream and by after described filtration gaseous hydrocarbon stream produce hydrocarbons product stream hydrocarbon
Reason facility.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further described, wherein below by embodiment and with reference to nonrestrictive accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 representatively illustrates the system being produced hydrocarbons product stream by hydrocarbon well logistics of the present invention;
Fig. 2 representatively illustrates the hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum that can apply in the system of accompanying drawing 1
One embodiment;
Fig. 3 representatively illustrates the hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum that can apply in the system of accompanying drawing 1
Another embodiment;
Fig. 4 representatively illustrates of the hydrocarbon treatment facility can applied in the system of accompanying drawing 1
Embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to describe purpose, the flow distribution carrying each pipeline and this pipeline is same with reference to mark
Note.Same reference marker refers to assembly, logistics or the pipeline being similar to.The knack people of this area
Member will readily appreciate that, although the one or more concrete combination of fixed reference feature and measure describes this
Invention, but these features and measure great majority are functionally independent with further feature and measure, from
And they can be applied independently in other embodiment or combination same or likely.
This application describes the method and system for being produced hydrocarbons product stream by hydrocarbon well logistics.Institute
State method and system and include that hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum, described hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum include for hydrocarbon
Bottom compartment that well logistics is separated and for filtering out the top compartment of hydrargyrum from gaseous state hydrocarbon phase, its
Described in gaseous state hydrocarbon phase separated by hydrocarbon well logistics, afterwards by hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum with mistake
Gaseous hydrocarbon stream form after filter is discharged.After hydrocarbons product stream can be by making at least partly to filter
Gaseous hydrocarbon stream experience any sort technique or multiclass process combination process acquisition further.
In the context of this application, filter is contained and can physically or chemically be retained hydrargyrum and/or contain
Mercury compound allows any kind of equipment that other molecule passes through simultaneously.Context at mercury removal
In, this filter can be adsorption filter suitably.This filter can be various shape
Formula.In a preferred embodiment, it takes the porous material into bulk form or particle form
Material form, gaseous state hydrocarbon phase can pass therethrough hydrargyrum and/or compound containing mercury is then trapped.Separately
In one embodiment, it can be to take the form of film.
It is separated by combination entrance and removes hydrargyrum from gained gaseous state hydrocarbon phase, it is provided that relative compact
Preparing, with effective solution, the gaseous hydrocarbon stream that mercury content reduces, this gaseous hydrocarbon stream can
Feed stream for use as any sort further hydrocarbon processing method.
Method and system disclosed herein can be not only used for the sea that working place is rare and expensive
In upper environment, and terrestrial environment can also be usefully applied to.Context in this specification
In, term " subsurface formations " refers to can be located at the stratum on sea or land.
Fig. 1 schematically describes and is produced the method for hydrocarbons product stream 90 by hydrocarbon well logistics 10 and be
System.
Store layer 520 by production upstream pipeline 10 by the hydrocarbon in subsurface formations 530 and hydrocarbon well thing is provided
Stream.Hydrocarbon well logistics includes gaseous state hydrocarbon phase and the liquid phase that may contain " slightly " natural gas.Liquid phase is permissible
Including aqueous liquid aqueous phase and liquid hydrocarbon phase.Hydrocarbon well logistics can also comprise nonhydrocarbon solid phase such as
Sand.Aqueous phase can comprise hydrargyrum and/or other mineral and come from being dissolved in wherein of subsurface formations
Other composition and additive.Common additive is hydrate inhibitor.
Gaseous state hydrocarbon phase can comprise one or more following materials: methane, ethane, propane, fourth
Alkane and pentane.It addition, it can be containing including acid molecule such as carbon dioxide CO2And sulphur compound
Such as H2The non-hydrocarbon molecule of S and hydrargyrum.
Referring again to accompanying drawing 1, described system also includes by main import 110 and production upstream pipe
The hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 that line 10 fluid is connected, is used for receiving hydrocarbon well logistics and by hydrocarbon well thing
Flow separation is intermediate products logistics that at least one comprises gaseous hydrocarbon phase molecule 40 and comprises aqueous phase
Middle waste stream 50.Optionally, described hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 can be three phase separation
Device form, wherein said hydrocarbon well logistics 10 can be separated into than above-mentioned more multiple logistics.Remove
Outside above-mentioned logistics, the plurality of logistics generally includes liquid hydrocarbon phase 20, and/or comprise solid
Logistics (not shown).Therefore, three phase separator can include arranging for from hydrocarbon well logistics
Knockout drum 100 selectivity discharges the aqueous phase outlet 150 of liquid aqueous phase, and arranges for independent
The hydrocarbon phase outlet of liquid hydrocarbon phase is discharged from hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 selectivity in liquid aqueous phase
120.Hydrocarbon phase outlet 120 is generally arranged on gravity direction and is higher than aqueous phase outlet 150, with
Allow based on density differential from the two liquid phase.Solid can be discharged together with liquid aqueous phase, or
Person is discharged by optional solid phase outlet (not shown).
Depend on concrete needs and requirement, it is provided that individually unit or system process institute
State liquid hydrocarbon phase 20 and liquid aqueous phase.For example, it is possible to provide hydrocarbon lime set to stablize unit 600 to connect
Receive liquid hydrocarbon phase 20 and therefrom remove relative volatility composition 35, so that remaining stabilizing solution
Body 30 can safe storage at ambient temperature and pressure.
The middle waste stream 50 comprising aqueous phase can purify similarly.For example, it is possible to provide
Hydrate inhibitor regeneration unit 200, this unit at upstream side with hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100
It is connected, with waste stream 50 in the middle of receiving.In hydrate inhibitor logistics 65 ratio of regeneration
Between the aqueous phase of waste stream 50 comprise the hydrate inhibitor additive of higher concentration, this logistics 65
Discharge from hydrate inhibitor regeneration unit 200.The remainder of middle waste stream 50 generally than
Contained by the aqueous phase of middle waste stream 50, the concentration of hydrate inhibitor additive is low, this remainder
At least some of enter waste flow line as waste stream part 60.
Hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 is further equipped with gaseous hydrocarbon stream outlet, hereinafter referred to as
Steam outlet 140, comprises gaseous hydrocarbon phase molecule for discharging from hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100
The intermediate products logistics 40 of steam.Gaseous state hydrocarbon phase includes at least hydrocarbon molecule, preferably comprises methane
Molecule.
Hydrocarbon treatment facility 400 is set to receive intermediate products logistics 40, and processes centre further
Product stream 40 is to be produced hydrocarbons product stream 90 by intermediate products logistics 40.Except hydrocarbon product thing
Outside stream 90, hydrocarbon treatment facility 400 can produce one or more byproduct streams 95.Enter one
Step details and exemplary are discussed further below with regard to accompanying drawing 4.
In order to prevent equipment in hydrocarbon treatment facility 400 or logistics is damaged or pollutes, in part
Before gaseous state hydrocarbon phase arrives hydrocarbon treatment facility 400, optionally isolate from by hydrocarbon well logistics 10
The gaseous state hydrocarbon phase come removes a certain amount of hydrargyrum.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the preferred embodiment of hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum, its
In can combine hydrocarbon well logistics 10 in a tank and be separated as at least one liquid phase 103 and at least
The function of one gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107, and the function of hydrargyrum is removed from the gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 separated,
Such that it is able to implement the two in generally arranging a working place being used for implementing phase separation step
Function.
In each embodiment of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, under hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 includes
Portion's compartment 102, for from the hydrocarbon being entered hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 by main-inlet 110
The gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 of well logistics 10 isolates liquid phase 103.Main-inlet 110 can with include
The conventional inner member of inlet dispenser 112 is connected.Bottom compartment is substantially gas/liquid separation,
It is optionally three phase separator form.
There is provided at least one liquid outlet with from hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum in the bottom of bottom compartment
100 discharge at least some of liquid phase 103.In the embodiment of accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, this
Liquid outlet is given with the form of aqueous phase outlet 150, and this outlet 150 arranges and is used for selecting
Discharge liquid aqueous phase from hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 to selecting property.
Hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 is also included on gravity direction and is higher than the upper of bottom compartment 102
Portion's compartment 104.Inner passage 106 makes bottom compartment 102 be connected with top compartment 104 fluid.
Inner passage 106 is positioned at above liquid outlet on gravity direction.It is used as bottom compartment 102
Gas phase outlet, and can optionally with inner member such as foam removal more general in gas/liquid separation
Net or similar facilities are connected to prevent drop from passing.
Filter 108 is set in top compartment 104.Filter is preferably selective filter,
Such as utilize hydrargyrum and/or mercury compound relative to hydrocarbon molecule (especially with respect to methane) chemistry and
/ or physical difference can filter out hydrargyrum from gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107.It addition, in top compartment 104
Equipped with steam outlet 140, it is used for discharging the gaseous hydrocarbon thing after filtering from top compartment 104
The outside of stream 109 to hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100.Filter 108 is set, so that internal
Passage 106 separates on fluid with steam outlet 140, and then makes gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 logical
Cross steam outlet 140 and must pass through filter 108 before bottom compartment 104 is discharged.
Filter 108 is adsorption filter suitably.It can comprise can be from gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107
The sorbent material of Adsorption of Mercury, preferably solid adsorbent materials.Many suitably adsorbent materials
Material is known for single mercury removal unit, including activated carbon, activated zeolite, oxygen
Change aluminum, silicon dioxide or applied chemistry accelerator and these materials are made chemical modification to strengthen hydrargyrum suction
The material of attached adsorptive selectivity, described chemical promoter include such as sulfur, iodine, chlorine, nitric acid,
Metal sulfide such as copper sulfide and zinc sulfide and the sulfide of mixing.In order to operate simplification, for
This purpose can select irreproducibility adsorbent.This allows hydrocarbon well fluids knockout drum 100 to operate
For many years, hydrargyrum is accumulated in adsorption filter during this period, right during regular parking maintenance subsequently
Filter is replaced.
The embodiment of accompanying drawing 2 and the embodiment difference of accompanying drawing 3 are internal logical in figure 3
Road 106 extends through filter, to allow gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 not having effective contact filtration device
In the case of flow through filter 108, then flow through filtration with the contact mode being generally downward direction
Device.In this case, steam outlet 140 can be less than filter 108, suitable status
In the sidewall of hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100.In the context of fig. 3, inner passage 106 is more
Short and do not extend through filter 108.Gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 must be with generally upward direction stream
Cross filter 108.Steam outlet 140 can be higher than filter 108, suitably at hydrocarbon well thing
In the top area of flow separation tank 100.
Hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 constructs with upright form suitably, such as, have in vertical
The cylindrical side wall district that mandrel extends extends vertically pressurized tank.Top compartment 104 and bottom every
Room 102 can optionally by sidewall region place the dividing plate 114 being typically inserted through vertical central shaft every
Open.Described dividing plate needs not to be flat board, and such as it can be around central shaft (not shown) upwards
Or downwardly projecting truncated cone shape.Inner passage 106 can be the most only on dividing plate 114
Perforate.Preferably, inner passage 106 will not make gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 have the obvious pressure loss.
Pressure drop may be produced by filter 108.In order in hydrocarbon treatment facility 400 more effectively
Carrying out hydrocarbon process, any pressure drop all may produce recompression requirement.Therefore, gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 is made
It flow to pressure drop produced by filter 108 the least, then more pressure can be had to allow to flow through
The pressure drop that filter 108 produces.Suitably, the pressure ratio in filter upstream top compartment 104
Within the low 1bar of pressure in bottom compartment 102, within preferably less than 0.5bar.
Referring again to accompanying drawing 1, hydrocarbon treatment facility 400 can include any number of all kinds
Unit, on-demand further process intermediate products logistics 40 be have desired gauge required hydrocarbon produce
Product logistics.
The intermediate products logistics 40 formed by the gaseous hydrocarbon stream 109 after filtering can comprise difference
The following hydrocarbon of amount: methane, ethane, propane and butane.It may comprise lesser amount of further
Pentane and aromatic hydrocarbons.Described composition changes according to type and the position of gas.It preferably substantially by
Methane forms.The methane of gaseous hydrocarbon stream 10 preferably containing at least 50mol%, the most extremely
The methane of few 80mol%.
Intermediate products logistics 40 can also contain non-hydrocarbonaceous materials such as H2O、N2、CO2、Hg、
H2S and other sulphur compound and the like.Therefore, hydrocarbon treatment facility could be included for subtracting
Less and/or removing be not intended to component such as CO2And H2The unit of S or system, and/or other step
Such as cooling, precharge etc. in early days.Owing to those skilled in the art are come by these steps
Saying it is known, therefore their mechanism is the most no longer discussed further with.
In the embodiment that Fig. 4 describes, hydrocarbon treatment facility 400 includes liquefaction system 440, hydrocarbon
Product stream 90 can be liquefied natural gas stream, and natural gas liquids logistics (is such as mainly
The liquefied petroleum gas logistics of propane and/or butane) can be in one or more byproduct streams 95
One.Liquefaction system 440 is generally set to extract from least part of intermediate products logistics 40
Heat, thus produce the hydrocarbons product stream 90 of liquefied form such as distributing liquefied hydrocarbon gas form.
Substitute liquefaction system 440 or in addition to liquefaction system 440, in hydrocarbon treatment facility 400
Process can include the most one or more further: Residual Mercury removing 430, dehydration 420, bag
Include CO2Removing and/or H2S removing acidic components removing 410 and/or they recovery, carry
Take and/or reclaim natural gas liquids to produce the lean natural gas thing being converted into described liquid form
Stream, denitrogenation, de-helium and/or helium reclaim.
In institute's likely unit of hydrocarbon treatment facility 400, acidic components removing means 410 (has
Time be also referred to as acid gas removal unit-AGRU) may be closest to hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100.
It can be connected with steam outlet 140 fluid of hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100, and centre does not has
Other composition any changes unit.Common acidic components to be removed are hydrogen sulfide (H2And dioxy S)
Change carbon (CO2).Acidic components removing means advantageously comprises and is provided for making at least part of intermedium
The amine solvent unit that stream 40 contacts with amine solvent.
Because intermediate products logistics 40 is formed by the gaseous hydrocarbon stream 109 after filtering, its ratio hydrocarbon well
Mercury content in the gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 of logistics 10 is low.Therefore, conventional with application entrance separates
The three phase separator of device or routine is compared, and applies hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 as described herein
Time, there is less hydrargyrum to absorb in amine, accumulate in amine regeneration unit or be discharged in air.
This permission processes the hydrocarbon storage layer gas that mercury content is higher than average mercury content.
It is known for each various technique processing step further above-mentioned and equipment,
With need not here explain.
In operation, said system is performed as follows work.
Store layer 520 by the hydrocarbon of subsurface formations 530 and produce hydrocarbon well logistics 10.Hydrocarbon well logistics 10 to
Comprise gaseous state hydrocarbon phase and liquid phase less.The hydrocarbon well logistics 10 produced is fed to hydrocarbon well logistics separation
The bottom compartment 102 of tank 100, is separated into liquid phase liquid 103 and gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 wherein.
Liquid 103 passes through the liquid outlet 150 bottom hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100 from hydrocarbon well logistics
Knockout drum 100 is discharged.
Gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 delivers to top compartment 104 through inner passage 106.It is by inner passage
106 the most followed by flow through the filter 108 placed in top compartment 104.Gaseous state hydrocarbon phase
Hydrargyrum in 107 is trapped within filter 108, and it can be accumulated wherein.The filtration of gained
After gaseous hydrocarbon stream 109 include without the gaseous state hydrocarbon phase of hydrargyrum accumulated the most in the filter,
It is discharged from top compartment 104 by steam outlet 140, to form intermediate products logistics 40.
Preferably, the most of hydrargyrum in gaseous state hydrocarbon phase 107 filters in filter 108.Place further
Reason intermediate products logistics 40 is to be produced hydrocarbons product stream 90 by intermediate products logistics 40.
First intermediate products logistics subsequently 40 can reduce the concentration of one or more acidic components,
Such as carry out by making intermediate products logistics 40 contact with amine solvent.
One known example of distributing liquefied hydrocarbon gas is liquefied natural gas stream, and it generally mainly contains
The methane of methane, for example, at least 80mol%.In this case, process further and can wrap
Include the partial removal heat including at least methane from middle product stream 40, to be formed as liquefaction
The hydrocarbons product stream containing methane stream such as liquefied natural gas stream form.Prior art have many
Plant suitable device and equipment can be used for from gaseous state hydrocarbon-containing feedstock logistics, particularly natural gas stream
Middle extraction heat, and other process step as briefly described above for from feed stream take off
Except those of undesired pollutant and component, they are often with to produce distributing liquefied hydrocarbon gas combination real
Execute.These devices and equipment need not here be explained further.
In embodiment as described above, hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum 100, optional hydrate
Inhibitor regeneration unit 200 and hydrocarbon treatment facility 400 be respectively positioned on marine in-house and/or on
Face.Marine mechanism can be marine mechanism 500 floating on water body 510 such as ocean.Marine
Mechanism 500 can be connected in grappling turntable (not shown) according to weather condition, thus upstream
Production flow line 10 enters marine mechanism 500 suitably by turntable.In the embodiment of accompanying drawing 1
Hydrocarbon storage layer 520 be the subsurface formations 530 below sea bed 540.
Howsoever, needing relatively small working place owing to implementing the present invention, it is the suitableeest
Apply together in mechanism at sea, be included in the liquefaction of offshore gas processing mechanism such as offshore natural gas
Device is applied.
Those skilled in the art are it will be appreciated that without departing from scope
Under the conditions of, the present invention can be implemented in many ways.
Claims (15)
1. the method being produced hydrocarbons product stream by hydrocarbon well logistics, said method comprising the steps of:
-being produced hydrocarbon well logistics by subsurface formations, described hydrocarbon well logistics includes at least gaseous state hydrocarbon phase and liquid
Phase;
-by the bottom compartment of hydrocarbon well logistics charging to hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum;
-in described bottom compartment, it is allowed to liquid phase liquid is separated with gaseous hydrocarbon;
-by liquid outlet from hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum drain;
-the top compartment that gaseous state hydrocarbon phase is delivered in hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum by inner passage
In, wherein said inner passage is positioned at above liquid outlet on gravity direction, and wherein institute
State top compartment to be positioned on gravity direction above described bottom compartment;
-make gaseous hydrocarbon by being arranged on the filter in hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum top compartment;
-in described filter the hydrargyrum in accumulation gaseous state hydrocarbon phase;
-discharge the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after filtering, the gaseous hydrocarbon after described filtration from described top compartment
Logistics include from gaseous state hydrocarbon phase containing hydrocarbon molecule but without the hydrargyrum accumulated the most in the filter
Steam;
-process the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after filtering further, with by the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after described filtration
Produce hydrocarbons product stream.
2. the process of claim 1 wherein that described filter can be attracting from gaseous hydrocarbon for comprising
The adsorption filter of the sorbent material of attached hydrargyrum.
3. the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein gaseous state hydrocarbon phase is not having the obvious pressure loss
Under the conditions of be delivered to filter from bottom compartment.
4. the method for claim 1 or 2, wherein said bottom compartment is used as three phase separator,
Wherein said liquid phase liquid is separated into the liquid aqueous phase and liquid discharged respectively by hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum
State hydrocarbon phase.
5. the method for claim 1 or 2, the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after wherein said filtration enter one
Step processes and includes reducing the concentration of one or more acidic components in the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after filtering.
6. the method for claim 5, after wherein said reduction concentration includes making at least partly to filter
Gaseous hydrocarbon stream contact with amine solvent.
7. the method for claim 1 or 2, the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after wherein said filtration comprises first
The process further of the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after alkane and wherein said filtration includes the gaseous state after filtering
At least extraction heat containing methane moiety of hydrocarbon stream produces as hydrocarbon using what formation was liquefied containing methane stream
Product logistics.
8. hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum, comprising:
-for the bottom compartment making the liquid phase liquid of hydrocarbon well logistics be separated with gaseous hydrocarbon;
-allow hydrocarbon well logistics to flow into hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum from the outside of hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum
The entrance of portion's compartment;
-for from the liquid outlet of hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum drain;
-on gravity direction, it is positioned at the top compartment above bottom compartment;
-make the inner passage that bottom compartment is connected, wherein said inner passage with top compartment fluid
Gravity direction is positioned at above liquid outlet;
-for will filter after gaseous hydrocarbon stream be expelled to hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum from top compartment
Outside outlet;
-be placed on top compartment in can filter out the filter of hydrargyrum, Qi Zhongsuo from gaseous state hydrocarbon phase
State inner passage and described outlet fluid partitioning so that gaseous state hydrocarbon phase by outlet from
Bottom compartment has to flow through filter before discharging.
9. the hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum of claim 8, wherein said filter is adsorption filter,
Comprising can be from the sorbent material of gaseous hydrocarbon phase Adsorption of Mercury.
10. the hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum of claim 8 or 9, wherein said inner passage is open
, thus gaseous state hydrocarbon phase does not has the obvious pressure loss when from bottom compartment inflow filter.
The hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum of 11. claim 8 or 9, wherein said bottom compartment is three-phase
Separator, is wherein separated into liquid aqueous phase and liquid hydrocarbon phase, wherein said three-phase by liquid phase liquid
Separator includes the aqueous phase row arranged for discharging liquid aqueous phase from hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum selectivity
Outlet and setting are used for discharging liquid hydrocarbon independent of liquid aqueous phase from hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum selectivity
The hydrocarbon phase outlet of phase.
12. 1 kinds of systems being produced hydrocarbons product stream by hydrocarbon well logistics, comprising:
The hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum of-claim any one of 8-11;
-being connected with the outlet fluid of described hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum and arranging is used for receiving filtration
After gaseous hydrocarbon stream and by after described filtration gaseous hydrocarbon stream produce hydrocarbons product stream hydrocarbon
Reason facility.
The system of 13. claim 12, wherein said hydrocarbon treatment facility includes and described hydrocarbon well thing
The acidic components removing means that the outlet fluid of flow separation tank is connected.
The system of 14. claim 13, wherein said acidic components removing means includes arranging use
In the amine solvent device making the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after at least partly filtering contact with amine solvent.
The system of 15. any one of claim 12-14, wherein said hydrocarbon treatment facility includes arranging
Be used for the gaseous hydrocarbon stream after filtering at least extracts heat to form liquefaction containing methane moiety
Containing methane stream as the liquefaction system of hydrocarbons product stream.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP11177958.3 | 2011-08-18 | ||
EP11177958 | 2011-08-18 | ||
PCT/EP2012/066064 WO2013024147A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2012-08-17 | System and method for producing a hydrocarbon product stream from a hydrocarbon well stream, and a hydrocarbon well stream separation tank |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN103748317A CN103748317A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
CN103748317B true CN103748317B (en) | 2016-09-21 |
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CN201280040164.6A Active CN103748317B (en) | 2011-08-18 | 2012-08-17 | System and method and the hydrocarbon well logistics knockout drum of hydrocarbons product stream is produced by hydrocarbon well logistics |
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EP (1) | EP2744978A1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101953939B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103748317B (en) |
AP (1) | AP2014007385A0 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2012296868B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112014002410B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013024147A1 (en) |
Citations (1)
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CN101330953A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2008-12-24 | M-I爱普康股份公司 | A well fluid separator tank for separation of fluid comprising water, oil and gas, use of such a tank, and a method for separating a well fluid including water, oil, and gas |
Family Cites Families (12)
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US4982050A (en) | 1986-10-06 | 1991-01-01 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Natural gas treating system including mercury trap |
FR2776702B1 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2000-05-05 | Elf Exploration Prod | METHOD FOR CONDUCTING A HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION FACILITY |
US7310971B2 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2007-12-25 | Conocophillips Company | LNG system employing optimized heat exchangers to provide liquid reflux stream |
AU7158701A (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2002-02-25 | Fluor Corp | High propane recovery process and configurations |
US7266976B2 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2007-09-11 | Conocophillips Company | Vertical heat exchanger configuration for LNG facility |
CA2511119A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-08 | Dennis F. Uttley | Hydrocarbon production system and method of use |
DK2075403T3 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2011-03-21 | Schlumberger Technology Bv | Real-time measurement of reservoir fluid properties |
US7901578B2 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2011-03-08 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method and system for treating an aqueous stream in the production of hydrocarbon |
US20100032344A1 (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2010-02-11 | Conocophillips Company | Mercury removal from crude oil |
US9933207B2 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2018-04-03 | Ortloff Engineers, Ltd. | Hydrocarbon gas processing |
US8002033B2 (en) * | 2009-03-03 | 2011-08-23 | Albert Calderon | Method for recovering energy in-situ from underground resources and upgrading such energy resources above ground |
US20100224070A1 (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-09 | Patterson Ronald G | Shipboard Vessel Having a Vertically Aligned Scrubber and Process Component |
-
2012
- 2012-08-17 EP EP12750583.2A patent/EP2744978A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-08-17 CN CN201280040164.6A patent/CN103748317B/en active Active
- 2012-08-17 WO PCT/EP2012/066064 patent/WO2013024147A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-08-17 AP AP2014007385A patent/AP2014007385A0/en unknown
- 2012-08-17 KR KR1020147006526A patent/KR101953939B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2012-08-17 BR BR112014002410-3A patent/BR112014002410B1/en active IP Right Grant
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CN101330953A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2008-12-24 | M-I爱普康股份公司 | A well fluid separator tank for separation of fluid comprising water, oil and gas, use of such a tank, and a method for separating a well fluid including water, oil, and gas |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013024147A1 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
AU2012296868A1 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
KR20140063685A (en) | 2014-05-27 |
BR112014002410B1 (en) | 2021-02-23 |
KR101953939B1 (en) | 2019-03-04 |
EP2744978A1 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
AU2012296868B2 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
CN103748317A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
AP2014007385A0 (en) | 2014-01-31 |
BR112014002410A2 (en) | 2017-03-14 |
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