CN103744075A - Ultrasonic sensor - Google Patents
Ultrasonic sensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103744075A CN103744075A CN201310713238.4A CN201310713238A CN103744075A CN 103744075 A CN103744075 A CN 103744075A CN 201310713238 A CN201310713238 A CN 201310713238A CN 103744075 A CN103744075 A CN 103744075A
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- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric ceramic
- ceramic piece
- ultrasonic sensor
- metal shell
- layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/521—Constructional features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S15/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems
- G01S15/88—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S15/93—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes
- G01S15/931—Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications for anti-collision purposes of land vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic sensor applied to vehicle back-up detection. The ultrasonic sensor includes a metal casing which is closed at one end and open at the other end. A piezoelectric ceramic piece, which is smaller than 6mm in diameter and smaller than 0.15mm in thickness, is arranged in the metal casing. A first electrode layer, which forms electrical connection with the metal casing, is arranged on one surface of the piezoelectric ceramic piece, and a second electrode layer and a lead terminal electrically connected with the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are arranged on the other surface. The ultrasonic sensor also includes a sound attenuation layer which covers the piezoelectric ceramic piece and a shielding layer which covers the sound attenuation layer. The total mass of the piezoelectric ceramic piece is about haft of the prior large thick piece so that vibration amplitude is increased greatly and sensitivity is improved under the same driving voltage; and the small thin piece is great in density, few in defects and increased in service life so that safety factor of a vehicle is improved. Therefore, the ultrasonic sensor is wide in practicality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic sensor that vehicle backing detects that is applied to.
Background technology
Ultrasonic probe is that ultrasonic sensor is the sensor that utilizes hyperacoustic characteristic to develop.Ultrasound wave is the mechanical wave of a kind of vibration frequency higher than sound wave, and generation of vibration is occurred under the excitation of voltage by transducing wafer, and it has, and frequency is high, wavelength is short, diffraction phenomenon is little, particularly good directionality, can become ray and the features such as direction propagation.Ultrasound wave is very large to the penetrating power of liquid, solid, especially in the opaque solid of sunlight, and its degree of depth of penetrable tens meters.Ultrasound wave is encountered impurity or interphase and can be produced significantly to reflect to form and be reflected into echo, encounters live animal physical efficiency and produces Doppler effect.Therefore ultrasound examination is widely used in the aspects such as industry, national defence, biomedicine.Using ultrasound wave as detection means, must produce ultrasound wave and receive ultrasound wave.The device that completes this function is exactly ultrasonic sensor, is called traditionally ultrasonic transducer or ultrasonic probe.Ultrasonic probe is mainly comprised of piezoelectric chip, both can launch ultrasound wave, also can receive ultrasound wave.
Reversing is sensitivity by an important performance indexes of ultrasonic probe.Sensitivity is the variable quantity of sensor output signal in steady operation situation and the ratio of input variable quantity.Sensitivity can be regarded as enlargement factor, and multiple is larger, and sensitivity is higher.Improve sensitivity, can increase measuring accuracy.Meanwhile, highly sensitive, the safety coefficient in application is also high.
Sensitive element piezoelectric ceramic piece in ultrasonic probe for ripe reversing in the market, the piezoelectric ceramic piece in this kind of sensor belongs to piezoelectricity sheet, and the moderate piezoelectricity sheet of diameter has the weak point of himself.The first, sensor with piezoelectric ceramics adopt more efficiency high roll film or casting molding processes, this technique thickness is larger, film band defect is more, causes ceramic high temperature to burn till rear inner tiny flaw many, affects ceramic overall performance and serviceable life.The second, ultrasonic probe is (driving voltage is more low better) under identical driving voltage, and diameter is larger, and thickness is thicker, and potsherd vibration amplitude is less, and transducer sensitivity is lower.The 3rd, in application process, sometimes for higher sensitivity, can increase driving voltage, can increase like this energy consumption, and the serviceable life that can reduce piezoelectric ceramics, and then affect the permanance of sensor.Diameter is less than 6mm, and it is that a kind of diameter is less that thickness is less than 0.15mm piezoelectric ceramic piece, the piezoelectric element of thinner thickness.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical matters, the invention provides a kind of reasonable in design, long service life, highly sensitive ultrasonic sensor.
Realize technical scheme of the present invention as follows:
Ultrasonic sensor, comprise one end sealing, the unlimited metal shell in one end, in metal shell, be provided with diameter and be less than the piezoelectric ceramic piece that 6mm, thickness are less than 0.15mm, one surface of piezoelectric ceramic piece is provided with metal shell and forms the first electrode layer being electrically connected, another surface is provided with the second electrode lay, and the lead terminal being electrically connected with the first electrode layer, the second electrode lay respectively, also comprise the noise reduction layer covering on piezoelectric ceramic piece, cover the screen layer on noise reduction layer.
Adopted such scheme, due to piezoelectric ceramic piece little Bao, it has very high density, approach solid density, even density, micromechanism homogeneous grain size, ceramic integral performance parameter is compared with same recipe, the large sheet excellence of same process, the oeverall quality of piezoelectric ceramic piece is about the half of existing large sheet, therefore under identical driving voltage, Oscillation Amplitude increases greatly, sensitivity raises, and flakelet good compactness, defect is few, and increase serviceable life, the safety coefficient that can improve like this automobile, practicality is wide.
Further, for performance, sensitivity that sensor entirety has been had, the openend keeping parallelism of the outside surface of described screen layer and metal shell.
Further, described piezoelectric ceramic piece is positioned at metal shell and contacts with diapire, and the diameter of piezoelectric ceramic piece is less than the inside diameter of metal shell.
Further, described metal shell is that aluminum is made.
Further, described metal shell inwall is provided with step surface the filling of conductively-closed layer.
Further, the diameter of described piezoelectric ceramic piece is 4.5mm-5.6mm, and thickness is 0.1mm-0.15mm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of piezoelectric ceramic piece in the present invention;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further described.
Referring to Fig. 1,2, ultrasonic sensor, comprise the metal shell 1 that one end sealing, the unlimited alumina based material in one end are made, this structure and size determine outside use and the Installation Modes of sensor, the size of bottom surface radiating surface is also by the Ultrasonic Radiation angle of definition sensor simultaneously, and then effective search coverage of definition sensor, therefore, the necessary strict difinition of size herein; In metal shell, be provided with diameter and be less than the piezoelectric ceramic piece 2 that 6mm, thickness are less than 0.15mm, the diameter of concrete piezoelectric ceramic piece is 4.5mm or 5mm or 5.6mm, thickness is 0.1mm or 0.13mm or 0.15mm, piezoelectric ceramic piece is the high frequency oscillator of sensor, it is the vibration source of sensor generation dither, also be the most crucial element of piezoelectric transducer, its integrated performance index has decisive action sensitivity, aftershock, the serviceable life to sensor; One surface of piezoelectric ceramic piece is provided with the first electrode layer 3 made from the ag material of metal shell formation electric connection, another surface is provided with silver the second electrode lay 4, and the lead terminal 5 being electrically connected with the first electrode layer, the second electrode lay respectively, when working sensor, thereby outside driving causes piezoelectric ceramic piece to drive the aluminum enclosure vibration that bends to produce ultrasonic signal, piezoelectricity flakelet, because of quality light, therefore amplitude is large, highly sensitive.Also comprise the noise reduction layer 6 covering on piezoelectric ceramic piece, the main damping sound absorption function that rises, after the work of piezoelectric ceramic piece generation high-frequency vibration, can send ultrasound wave to radiating surface (aluminium outer casing bottom) direction, realize the function of detection range, but also can produce ultrasonic signal to inverse direction simultaneously, for the ultrasound wave not disturbing and affect radiating surface aspect is normally worked, this part ultrasound wave must be eliminated, this element quieter material will radiation-absorbing face reverse side ultrasound wave, guarantee that the normal range finding of sensor is not disturbed.Cover the screen layer 7 on noise reduction layer, this shielding material can be realized sensor water-proof, protection against the tide, dustproof effect; The openend keeping parallelism of the outside surface of screen layer and metal shell.Piezoelectric ceramic piece is positioned at metal shell and contacts with diapire, and the diameter of piezoelectric ceramic piece is less than the inside diameter of metal shell.Metal shell inwall is provided with step surface 8 and conductively-closed layer is filled, and makes the better combination of screen layer and metal shell, and can perfect shield.
From concrete test data, sensor advantage of the present invention is described below, the flakelet piezoelectric vibrator diameter phi that this sensor adopts is 5.5mm, and thickness T is 0.14mm, and traditional sheet is that diameter phi is 6mm, the piezoelectric monocrystal sheet that thickness T is 0.2mm.The sensor that 2 kinds of potsherds is assembled into respectively to 58K, measurement sensitivity data are as follows:
Contrast by data can be found out, amplitude increase of the present invention, and the sensitivity that has obviously improved sensor, makes product have better performance.
At this, it should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the concept of the premise of the invention, can also make improvement, but these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. ultrasonic sensor, it is characterized in that, comprise one end sealing, the unlimited metal shell in one end, in metal shell, be provided with diameter and be less than the piezoelectric ceramic piece that 6mm, thickness are less than 0.15mm, one surface of piezoelectric ceramic piece is provided with metal shell and forms the first electrode layer being electrically connected, another surface is provided with the second electrode lay, and the lead terminal being electrically connected with the first electrode layer, the second electrode lay respectively, also comprise the noise reduction layer covering on piezoelectric ceramic piece, cover the screen layer on noise reduction layer.
2. ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the openend keeping parallelism of the outside surface of described screen layer and metal shell.
3. ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described piezoelectric ceramic piece is positioned at metal shell and contacts with diapire, and the diameter of piezoelectric ceramic piece is less than the inside diameter of metal shell.
4. ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described metal shell is that aluminum is made.
5. ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described metal shell inwall is provided with step surface and conductively-closed layer is filled.
6. ultrasonic sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter of described piezoelectric ceramic piece is 4.5mm-5.6mm, and thickness is 0.1mm-0.15mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310713238.4A CN103744075A (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Ultrasonic sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310713238.4A CN103744075A (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Ultrasonic sensor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103744075A true CN103744075A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
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| CN201310713238.4A Pending CN103744075A (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Ultrasonic sensor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105973985A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-09-28 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Ultrasonic probe for nonmetallic material defect detection |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102718483A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-10-10 | 成都汇通西电电子有限公司 | Piezoceramic material used for reversing radar sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN103063243A (en) * | 2012-12-16 | 2013-04-24 | 常州波速传感器有限公司 | Novel fatigue resistance ultrasonic transducer |
| CN203643602U (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-06-11 | 常州波速传感器有限公司 | High-sensitivity ultrasonic wave sensor |
-
2013
- 2013-12-20 CN CN201310713238.4A patent/CN103744075A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102718483A (en) * | 2012-05-24 | 2012-10-10 | 成都汇通西电电子有限公司 | Piezoceramic material used for reversing radar sensor and preparation method thereof |
| CN103063243A (en) * | 2012-12-16 | 2013-04-24 | 常州波速传感器有限公司 | Novel fatigue resistance ultrasonic transducer |
| CN203643602U (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-06-11 | 常州波速传感器有限公司 | High-sensitivity ultrasonic wave sensor |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 丁少虎: "小功率弯振换能器的理论及实验研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 信息科技辑》, 15 June 2009 (2009-06-15) * |
| 王隶梓: "基于ANSYS的圆形压电阵子的仿真分析与研究", 《起重运输机械》, no. 2, 20 February 2010 (2010-02-20) * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105973985A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-09-28 | 中冶建筑研究总院有限公司 | Ultrasonic probe for nonmetallic material defect detection |
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Application publication date: 20140423 |