A kind of petroleum fracturing propping agent and manufacture method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of petroleum fracturing propping agent and manufacture method thereof, utilize more particularly, to one
Petroleum fracturing propping agent that waste residues of polished tiles and Iron-ore Slag produce and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Petroleum propping agent is again petroleum fracturing propping agent.When petroleum gas deep mining, high clossing pressure
Deposits of low permeability, after frac treatment, makes Oil gas-containing rock layer split, and oil gas converges from the passage of cracking initiation
Collect and go out, now need fluid to inject rock basic unit, to exceed the pressure of formation fracture intensity, make pit shaft week
Casing produces crack, forms a passage with high laminar flow ability, for the crack formed after keeping pressure break
Opening, oil gas product can smooth and easy pass through.The performance requirement of petroleum propping agent: 1, proppant to have enough resisting
Compressive Strength and antiwear property, be resistant to crunch when injecting and frictional force, and effectively support artificial
Crack.2, proppant particles relative density is low, it is simple to pump into down-hole.3, proppant particles in temperature is
Under conditions of 200 degrees Celsius, with fracturing fluid and reservoir fluid, chemical action not occurring, acid solubility maximum permits
Permitted value and be should be less than 7%.The quality of proppant has significant impact to last fracturing effect.Natural support agent master
If quartz sand, and the haydite of artificial stays agent mainly sintering, they are two big classes of current proppant.
Due to deep low-permeability oil-gas Layer bury relatively deep, temperature and clossing pressure are the highest, therefore can not use
Natural siliceous sand proppant, but use ceramsite propping agent.
Schlumberger Technology BV of He Nan has prepared a kind of apparent density at 1.7g/cm3~2.75
g/cm3Between proppant.With Al2O3Any one or two kinds in granule and clay or bauxite are main
Raw material, with partially sinter auxiliary agent as adjuvant obtained by ceramsite propping agent be the pottery that at present performance is best in the world
Grain proppant, is produced by Carbo company of the U.S..Panzhihua Huanye Metallurgy Refuse Development Co., Ltd.
Liu Yun etc. have developed a kind of high intensity with industrial waste high-alumina refractory brick and ripe Kaolin for primary raw material
Ceramsite propping agent.The research worker of Yixing Dongfang Petroleum Proppant Co. Ltd. with bauxite as primary raw material,
Manganese powder and ZrO2A kind of high-strength pressure crack proppant, its percentage of damage under 86MPa is have developed as additive
Less than 5%.A kind of high titanium type petroleum oil pressing crack propping agent is developed by Gao Haili etc., and its primary raw material is
The two light-burned bauxites in beach that high-titanium blast furnace slag, bauxite raw material and Flos Bombacis Malabarici are local, the most also to add one
Fixed auxiliary material.A kind of high strength acid resistant proppant medium is developed by Cai is precious, due to it highly acid,
Remaining to keep higher flow conductivity under the mal-condition of high closure stress and high temperature, therefore it can meet Tahe
The requirement of oil field compression fracture transformation compound with acidifying.Meet Jin Li etc. and be also prepared for being applicable to the ceramsite propping agent of deep-well.
Guo Qiang uses the wet processing continuous prodution of spray granulation to go out and can have been answered in the exploitation of oil and natural gas
Proppant.It is also with bauxite as primary raw material, using complex sintering aids and additive as adjuvant
Obtained.The ceramsite propping agent that a kind of acid resistance is good is developed into by Tian little Rang of Technical Colleges Of Guilin et al.
Merit, it is with sintered bauxite or refractory waste as primary raw material, and the compound or the witherite that add barium are
Adjuvant sinters l~3h through disk granulation balling-up with at 1300 DEG C~1400 DEG C, obtains after cooling.Additionally
With red mud as primary raw material, barium salt is that the proppant that the acid resistance of adjuvant is good is also reported.Application public affairs
The domestic application for a patent for invention document that cloth number is CN103194207A discloses one long with waste ceramic, potassium
Stone, bauxite are the petroleum fracturing propping agent of raw material production, fire 4~8 under the conditions of 1100 DEG C~1150 DEG C
Hour it is prepared from.
At present, ceramsite petroleum fracturing propping agents to burn till energy consumption higher, and study and be concentrated mainly on raising pottery
The intensity aspect of grain proppant, but ignore petroleum fracturing propping agent and the most easily produce shorter propping up
Support band, is deposited in the port in crack, extremely disadvantageous to water conservancy diversion.Therefore, intensity in low-density is developed
Or high-strength sintered haydite will be following important developing direction.
Waste residues of polished tiles is the waste material that adobe rubbing down process is produced by buffing machine in polished bricks production process, its
It is typically, along with sewage enters cesspool precipitation, then to make mud cake by filter pressing.Because wherein containing carborundum
Burn till foaming component Deng high temperature, be difficult to a large amount of reuses as Production of Ceramics raw material.Although disclosing at present
Utilize its high temperature to burn till the characteristic that can foam and produce the report of light heat insulation material, but because building with air entrained concrete
Block, than less cost advantage, is therefore applied less.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose one utilizes waste residues of polished tiles and Iron-ore Slag to produce petroleum fracturing propping agent
Technology, this technology can consume waste residues of polished tiles and Iron-ore Slag both waste materials in a large number, alleviate ambient pressure, and
And manufacture method is simple, energy consumption is low, and the petroleum fracturing propping agent produced has middle low-density and high-strength, can
Effectively to solve proppant in use easily in crack port accumulation problem, improve flow conductivity.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions: a kind of petroleum fracturing propping agent, its be by with
Lower mass percent component is prepared from: bauxite 60~80%, waste residues of polished tiles 10~30%, Iron-ore Slag 5~
15%, zirconium oxide 0~5%, Alumina gel or Fosfalugel (Yamanouchi) 1.5~6%, bonding agent 0.05~0.1%.Bonding
Agent can select polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose etc..In calcination process, zirconium oxide can as additive
To carry out toughness reinforcing to aluminium oxide, drastically increase the comprcssive strength of proppant.Alumina gel or Fosfalugel (Yamanouchi)
The intensity of powder can be improved before calcination, calcination process can accelerate crystalline formation, reduce calcining energy
Consumption.Bauxite is preferably to the fine aluminum Alumina of alumina content > 65%, and Iron-ore Slag is preferably titanium vanadium iron
Slag, because mineralizer rich content in titanium vanadium iron slag, can reduce calcination time.
Preferably, in order to improve flow conductivity, in above-mentioned petroleum fracturing propping agent smooth surface, and it is coated with
One layer of resin.Resin can be phenolic resin or epoxy resin.The thickness of resin bed is 10 μm~15 μm.
The present invention also provides for the method manufacturing petroleum fracturing propping agent, and it comprises the steps:
Step 1) weighing mixes: according to mass percent component be: bauxite 60%~80%, polished brick waste
Slag 10%~30%, Iron-ore Slag 5%~15%, zirconium oxide 0~5%, Alumina gel or Fosfalugel (Yamanouchi) 1.5%~6%,
Bonding agent 0.05%~0.1% weighs raw material, then carries out mixing, pelletize, forms graininess powder;
Step 2) calcining: by step 1) prepare graininess powder calcine at 1100 DEG C~1180 DEG C 1~
Within 3 hours, obtain petroleum fracturing propping agent.Calcination process is aborning to use rotary kiln, and laboratory can
To use electric furnace, small-sized shuttle kiln etc..Therefore the kiln that calcining is used is without particular restriction, with rotary kiln
Most preferably.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, the particle diameter of the graininess powder that step 1) prepares is 20 mesh~60
Mesh (850~250 μm).
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, the mode system of employing wet ball grinding it is mixed into described in step 1)
Becoming mixed slurry, described pelletize is that the slurry made by wet ball grinding is the most after drying by making
Grain machine pelletize, then sieves, obtains the powder that particle diameter is 20~60 mesh.
Further, in the above-mentioned methods, in step 2) after also include the resin-coated layer of step 3): will step
Rapid 2) petroleum fracturing propping agent obtained is polished, and is rejected by waste material under 60 mesh sieves, then exists
Carry out Surface coating with resin at 80~100 DEG C, obtain the petroleum fracturing propping agent of resin-coated layer.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned methods, the thickness of resin bed is 10 μm~15 μm.Resin can be phenolic aldehyde
Resin or epoxy resin.
In the above-mentioned methods, wherein polishing can use friction bucket high speed rotate be polished, it is also possible to
Being loaded in ball mill carrying out autogenous grinding polishing, autogenous grinding polishing can be dry grinding polishing or add water as medium
Wet grinding polishes, and just can be coated with after needing to dry after certain wet grinding polishing.Those skilled in the art should
Work as understanding, polishing mode smooth for granule powder surface rubbing down all can be able to be suitable for, oil fracturing is supported
Agent surface polishes smooth the spheroid that each granule can be allowed to become approximation, so improves its flow conductivity, and then
Improve field output and allowable exploitation.
Use resin that the petroleum fracturing propping agent after polishing is carried out cladding and can further improve its water conservancy diversion energy
Power.
Compared with prior art, the present invention uses waste residues of polished tiles and Iron-ore Slag to support as producing oil fracturing
The raw material of agent, effectively utilizes waste material waste residue, advantageously reduces pollution, reduces waste material waste residue to environment
Pressure.And waste residues of polished tiles can provide Na in raw material components2O、K2O, MgO, GaO, SiC(by
Low in calcining heat, this SiC component will not foam or slightly foamed, can fit as one of which mineralizer
When reduce calcining heat, extrudate density can also be reduced when slightly foamed) etc. multiple mineralizing components, iron mine
Slag can also provide Fe2O3、TiO2、MnO2、V2O5Etc. multiple mineralizing components, it is not necessary to extra other ore deposit of interpolation
Agent, and can at a lower temperature, make product in shorter temperature retention time under multiple mineralizer acts on jointly
Product sinter and are formed composite crystal phase structure, it is thus achieved that the petroleum fracturing propping agent of middle low-density and high-strength.Prepared
The principal crystalline phase of petroleum fracturing propping agent be mullite and corundum, next to that zircon and phosphorus quartz, aluminium titanates
Deng.Owing to raw material providing Fe2O3、TiO2、MnO2、V2O5、Na2O、K2O, MgO, GaO, SiC etc.
Multiple mineralizing components so that actual calcining heat declines to a great extent, also further speeded up crystalline phase reaction time
Between.
The petroleum fracturing propping agent that the test present invention provides, its bulk density is 1.26~1.69g/cm3, depending on close
Degree is 2.07~2.96g/cm3, under 86MPa clossing pressure, percentage of damage is less than 5%.The use present invention provides
Petroleum fracturing propping agent can effectively solve proppant crack port pile up problem, improve flow conductivity,
Such that it is able to the oil production 20% in oil field~40% and extend its recovery time is greatly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme is further illustrated below by detailed description of the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of petroleum fracturing propping agent, and it is to be prepared from by following mass percent component:
Bauxite 60~80%, waste residues of polished tiles 10~30%, Iron-ore Slag 5~15%, zirconium oxide 0~5%, Alumina gel
Or Fosfalugel (Yamanouchi) 1.5~6%, bonding agent 0.05~0.1%.
The present invention there is no particular restriction to waste residues of polished tiles, for routine polishing brick field to polished bricks rubbing down process
The waste residue of middle generation all can use, and is preferably chosen polishing process, because SiC(gold in the waste residue in this stage
Steel sand) content is higher, is conducive to improving further the intensity of proppant.The polished bricks selected in the present invention
Waste residue is to the waste residue produced during polished bricks rubbing down on east roc pottery company limited polished bricks production line, this
In be not construed as limiting the invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other company's polished bricks production line
The waste residues of polished tiles of upper generation is equally applicable.
The present invention there is no particular restriction to Iron-ore Slag, preferably titanium vanadium iron slag, selects in the present invention and originates from
The Iron-ore Slag in mining area, Shaoguan.
Bonding agent can select polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose etc., is chosen as poly-second in the present invention implements
Enol.
The present invention also provides for the method manufacturing petroleum fracturing propping agent, and it comprises the steps:
Step 1) weighing mixes: according to mass percent component be: bauxite 60~80%, waste residues of polished tiles
10~30%, Iron-ore Slag 5~15%, zirconium oxide 0~5%, Alumina gel or Fosfalugel (Yamanouchi) 1.5~6%, bonding
Agent 0.05~0.1% weighs raw material, then carries out mixing, pelletize, forms graininess powder;
Step 2) calcining: by step 1) prepare graininess powder calcine at 1100 DEG C~1180 DEG C 1~
Within 3 hours, obtain petroleum fracturing propping agent.
In step 1), the mode of mixing granulation there is no particular restriction, and conventional mixing granulation mode is the most permissible
Realize the present invention.It is, of course, preferable to be that the mode using wet ball grinding mixes, further, wet method ball
The fineness forming slurry after mill is 350~600 mesh.Pelletize mode, can be according to different also without particular restriction
Hybrid mode selects different pelletize modes, is to use wet ball grinding disposed slurry in embodiments of the present invention
By the way of comminutor cylinder pelletize, graininess powder is made after spray drying, and in order to prepare high-quality
Petroleum fracturing propping agent, in an embodiment of the present invention the graininess powder made is further dried laggard
Row screening, oil pressure is made in the calcining that carries out selecting particle diameter to be 20 mesh~60 mesh (850 μm~250 μm)
Split proppant.
In step 2) calcining in, the present invention there is no particular restriction to calciner, certainly preferably employs revolution
Klining system.
Embodiment 1-10
With reference to table 1, table 1 is the formula table of embodiment 1-10.
Table 1
Weighing raw material according to the recipe ingredient provided in table 1, the water then adding siccative quality 40%~70% is carried out
Ball milling, makes the slurry that fineness is 350~600 mesh;Then comminutor is passed through after being spray-dried by slurry
Carry out rolling pelletize and make graininess powder;Sieving after being dried by graininess powder, obtaining particle diameter is again
20 mesh~the graininess powder of 60 mesh (850~250 μm).Select 2.5 meters × 45 meters kilns,
At 1100 DEG C~1180 DEG C calcine 1-3 hour (calcination time with in formula bauxite content increase and lengthen,
The such as calcination time of embodiment 1 is 1 hour, and the calcination time of embodiment 4,9 is 2.5 hours, implements
The calcination time of example 5 is 3 hours.), obtain petroleum fracturing propping agent.Its particle diameter 20 mesh~60 mesh (850~
250 μm).
The performance of testing example 1-10, is listed in table 2 below.
Table 2
Sequence number |
Bulk density (g/cm3) |
Apparent density (g/cm3) |
Percentage of damage (%) under 86MPa clossing pressure |
1 |
1.26 |
2.13 |
4.6 |
2 |
1.42 |
2.50 |
3.4 |
3 |
1.36 |
2.35 |
2.2 |
4 |
1.38 |
2.45 |
0.5 |
5 |
1.53 |
2.70 |
1.5 |
6 |
1.62 |
2.88 |
0.8 |
7 |
1.69 |
2.96 |
1.2 |
8 |
1.32 |
2.23 |
1.4 |
9 |
1.35 |
2.26 |
1.8 |
10 |
1.29 |
2.07 |
2.4 |
Embodiment 11-12
It addition, for the flow conductivity improving prepared petroleum fracturing propping agent, present invention also offers enforcement
Example 11 and embodiment 12.
Select the petroleum fracturing propping agent granule prepared by above example 3, utilize 20 tons of ball mill chargings
40~45 tons carry out autogenous grinding polishing (autogenous grinding polishing are without ball-milling mediums such as ball milling balls, utilizes charging self
Carry out rubbing down) 3~4 hours, the throwing below 60 mesh is cut after going out ball chip again and sieves rejecting, then to throwing
Particle encapsulation resin bed after light, in particular utilizes cylinder blender to disturb the granule powder after polishing
Spray into atomization resin during Dong, and by the hot air source of the other end, the temperature in cylinder blender is kept
In the range of 80~100 DEG C.The resin that wherein embodiment 11 selects is phenolic resin, and embodiment 12 selects
Resin be epoxy resin.The wrapped resin layer thickness formed is 10 μm~15 μm.Above introduction is only
The mode of polishing and wrapped resin is carried out exemplary introduction, for granule powder surface being polished shape
The polishing mode of globulate granule all can the practical present invention, it addition, for resin-coating process, other can be
The mode of particle surface one layer of resin bed of cladding is all practically applicable to the present invention.
Petroleum fracturing propping agent performance prepared by testing example 11 and embodiment 12, it is seen that its circularity and
Sphericity has all promoted than the embodiment 3 of non-deep processing, and broken under acid solubility and 86MPa clossing pressure
Rate has also declined accordingly, thus effectively raise its flow conductivity (improve the theoretical explanation of flow conductivity:
(1) circularity and the sphericity of resin coating low-density ceramsite is justified much, and proppant particles is round, and particle packing is formed
Space the biggest, be more conducive to improving flow conductivity;(2) the granule concentration degree of resin coating low-density ceramsite is high,
Concentration degree is the highest, and the space that particle packing is formed is the biggest, is more conducive to improving flow conductivity;(3) granule is round,
Surface stress distribution is the most uniform, and spheroid can bear higher load and not crush, and is conducive to improving water conservancy diversion energy
Power.), and then can improve field output and increase can recovery time.Concrete testing result such as table 3 below.
Table 3
The know-why of the present invention is described above in association with specific embodiment.These describe and are intended merely to explain this
The principle of invention, and limiting the scope of the invention can not be construed to by any way.Based on herein
Explaining, those skilled in the art need not pay performing creative labour can associate other tool of the present invention
Body embodiment, within these modes fall within protection scope of the present invention.