CN103739038B - Forward osmosis sea water desalination system - Google Patents
Forward osmosis sea water desalination system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103739038B CN103739038B CN201310730276.0A CN201310730276A CN103739038B CN 103739038 B CN103739038 B CN 103739038B CN 201310730276 A CN201310730276 A CN 201310730276A CN 103739038 B CN103739038 B CN 103739038B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Abstract
The invention discloses a forward osmosis sea water desalination system which comprises a forward osmosis device, a hydraulic turbine, a speed increaser, a pressure transducer, a heat pump system, a turbine generator and an absorption tower. According to the forward osmosis sea water desalination system, a drawing solution absorbs water molecules through the forwards osmosis device and obtains osmosis energy, and redundant osmosis energy is output through the hydraulic turbine to drive the heat pump system to work. A solute of the drawing solution volatilizes steam or is thermally decomposed into a gas after absorbing heat in a condenser of the heat pump system, and drives the turbine generator to generate electricity. A fresh water solution obtained after separation of the drawing solution releases heat in an evaporator of the heat pump system to form cooling water, one part of cooling water enters an absorbing tower for spraying, and absorbing steam and gas to re-generate a concentrated drawing solution, and the other part of cooling water is output as product water. The forward osmosis sea water desalination system has the characteristics of high osmosis energy utilization rate, low energy consumption of a device, wide application range and the like, is greatly promoted in an application progress of a forward osmosis technology in the field of sea water desalination, and is wide in application prospect in the future development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seawater or technique of desalinating saline water field, particularly relate to a kind of positive penetration sea water desalinization system.
Background technology
Seawater or brackish water desalination are the effective strategy approaches solving shortage of fresh water problem, how to realize desalt at low cost and desalination is the On Key Scientific that people pay close attention to.Current method for desalting seawater is hot method (multiple-effect evaporation, multistage flash evaporation, pressure steam distillation) and embrane method (reverse osmosis, electrodialysis) mainly.Because hot method desalination is phase transition process, generally need heating, energy consumption is relatively high, and reverse osmosis method technological process is simple, and energy consumption is lower, and therefore reverse osmosis method obtains development faster and applies more widely in recent years.Although reverse osmosis method is ripe gradually at present, but still there is film high cost, the defects such as Water Sproading rate is lower, and present stage is just in developing positive osmose process, directly utilize the permeable pressure head of film both sides solution as impellent, there is low to mould material requirement, that Water Sproading rate is high feature, therefore contrast with reverse osmosis method and possess significant advantage, likely become the new way of desalt and desalination in the near future.
Positive osmose process moves towards the gordian technique mainly preparation of high-performance forward osmosis membrane and draw liquid system two aspect of creation economical and efficient that solution is needed in practical application badly at present.The draw liquid system of economical and efficient not only requires that drawing liquid can provide high osmotic pressure and easily can be separated or concentrate to obtain pure water, and liquid separation is drawn in requirement or concentration technology process is simple, and energy consumption is low.Current most is representational is the positive penetration sea water desalinization technology that Yale develops, this technology is using ammonium salt solution as drawing liquid, the liquid that draws after dilution is heated to certain temperature (about about 60 DEG C), ammonium salt is broken down into ammonia and carbonic acid gas and is separated with water thus obtains product water, more isolated ammonia and carbonic acid gas is incorporated in water coolant and can obtain ammonium salt solution and carry out recycle.This technology realizes the separation of product water and the recycle of solute by the method for heat volatilization condensation, but still there is following shortcoming: one is need to provide heat to drive by the external world, range of application is restricted, relate in addition and being coupled of heat supply system, investment is easily caused to strengthen, the problems such as running cost increase; Two is that external heat source is generally renewable energy source or low grade heat energy, capacity usage ratio is not high, add that the heat recovery rate of product water low temperature exhaust heat is low, the problem that whole system energy consumption is higher must be caused, seriously undermine the advantage that positive penetration sea water desalinization principle itself has less energy-consumption, make positive infiltration technology not possess power savings advantages compared with reverse osmosis technology or thermal distillation technology.Therefore current this technology immature, still needs to optimize the energy system drawing liquid further and could obtain significant economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy consumption low, make full use of self osmotic pressure, the positive penetration sea water desalinization system that do not need external heat source to heat.
The object of the invention is to be realized by following technical scheme:
The present invention is a kind of positive penetration sea water desalinization system, and it comprises positive permeator, water turbine, speed-increasing gear, pressure converter, heat pump, turbo-generator, absorption tower.
The liquid entrance that draws of described positive permeator is exported be connected by the concentrated liquid that draws of the high pressure of pipeline and pressure converter, the liquid outlet conduit that draws of positive permeator is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the water inlet pipe of water turbine, and another road arm and the high pressure of pressure converter dilute and draw liquid entrance and be connected.
It is a pipeline that the low pressure dilution of the draft tube of described water turbine and pressure converter draws that liquid outlet conduit converges, and this converges pipeline and is connected with the shell side inlet of the condenser of heat pump; Water turbine is coaxially connected with the main compressor of heat pump by speed-increasing gear.
The low pressure of described pressure converter concentrates to be drawn liquid entrance and is connected with the taphole on absorption tower by pipeline.
Described heat pump is formed by vaporizer, main compressor, auxiliary compressor, condenser, throttling valve and many pipelines and is formed a working medium circulation loop; The shell-side outlet of described condenser is connected with the tube-side inlet of vaporizer by pipeline, and the outlet of the tube side of condenser to be connected with the shell side inlet of vaporizer by pipeline and to be provided with throttling valve on this pipeline; The shell-side outlet of vaporizer is connected with main compressor by pipeline; The tube side outlet of described vaporizer is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the nozzle on absorption tower, the external output products water of another road arm; The top of described condenser arranges vapour outlet, and this vapour outlet is connected with the steam inlet on absorption tower by pipeline, and arranges turbo-generator at the pipe interior near absorption tower steam inlet.
The top of described absorption tower inner chamber is provided with nozzle, and the packing layer be made up of porous material is arranged in the internal space, upper strata on absorption tower, and the sidewall on absorption tower is provided with steam inlet, and the bottom on absorption tower is provided with taphole.
Described draw liquid select by nontoxic, have high-volatile or have high Thermo-sensitive dissolubility difference or can completely thermolysis be the solute of gas form draw liquid.
After adopting such scheme, the present invention has following feature:
One, osmotic energy utilization ratio is high.Draw in the present invention while liquid is diluted by water molecules by forward osmosis membrane sepn process and obtain stable osmotic energy, wherein a part of osmotic energy provides the power drawing liquid continuous firing by pressure converter, unnecessary osmotic energy does work for driving turbine, then is completed the separation and recycling technique of drawing liquid by the steady running of turbine drives heat pump.From above-mentioned technological process, the present invention had both utilized positive process of osmosis to carry out water molecules separation, took full advantage of again the osmotic energy produced in positive process of osmosis, and made osmotic energy obtain the utilization of economical and efficient by heat pump.
Two, plant energy consumption is very low.Separation and the recycling technique of drawing liquid in the present invention are realized by heat pump, because between the evaporation of heat pump and condensation, the temperature difference is less, heating efficiency is higher, therefore the mechanical work consumed is smaller, therefore heat pump and can draw the osmotic pressure formed between liquid and drives by seawater, does not need to add external heat source or ambient pressure energy.If the osmotic energy that positive process of osmosis produces is enough large, then whole sea water desalinating plant does not need outside energy completely, achieves the working condition of " zero energy consumption ".If that selects draws liquid when being difficult to meet required osmotic pressure, a small amount of electrical energy drive auxiliary compressor is also only needed normally to work.Therefore the present invention does not need other energy extraneous or only needs a small amount of electric energy, have plant energy consumption low, with can single feature easily.
Three, applied range.Technological process of the present invention constitutes a closed circulating system, whole system only has necessary seawater input terminus, sewer output terminal is connected with the external world with fresh water output terminal, do not need external heat source, not needing water coolant, only needing a small amount of electric energy for driving small-sized auxiliary compressor and other technique water pumps.Draw evaporation or thermal decomposition process and the condensation of liquid solute due to the present invention's utilization or promoted turbo-generator acting generating by the steam pressure difference produced between absorption process, the electric energy of externally output can provide all or part of electric energy needed for native system.Therefore the present invention is applicable to water resources shortage, energy shortage or is difficult to island or the side area of place and even the electric power shortage utilized, and has the feature of applied range.
In sum, the present invention has the features such as osmotic energy utilization ratio is high, plant energy consumption is low, wide accommodation, greatly advances the application process of positive infiltration technology in field of seawater desalination, has a good application prospect in future development.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is positive penetration sea water desalinization system, and it comprises positive permeator 1, water turbine 2, speed-increasing gear 3, pressure converter 4, heat pump 5, turbo-generator 6, absorption tower 7.
The liquid entrance 11 that draws of described positive permeator 1 is exported 41 be connected by the concentrated liquid that draws of the high pressure of pipeline and pressure converter 4, the liquid outlet conduit 12 that draws of positive permeator 1 is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the water inlet pipe 21 of water turbine 2, and another road arm and the high pressure of pressure converter 4 dilute and draw liquid entrance 42 and be connected.
It is a pipeline that the low pressure dilution of the draft tube 22 of described water turbine 2 and pressure converter 4 draws that liquid outlet conduit 43 converges, and this converges pipeline and is connected with the shell side inlet 541 of the condenser 54 of heat pump 5; Water turbine 2 is coaxially connected with the main compressor 52 of heat pump 5 by speed-increasing gear 3.
The low pressure of described pressure converter 4 concentrates to be drawn liquid entrance 44 and is connected with the taphole 74 on absorption tower 7 by pipeline.
Described heat pump 5 is formed by vaporizer 51, main compressor 52, auxiliary compressor 53, condenser 54, throttling valve 55 and many pipelines and is formed a circulation loop; The shell-side outlet 542 of the condenser 54 of heat pump 5 is connected by the tube-side inlet 511 of pipeline with the vaporizer 51 of heat pump 5, and the tube-side inlet 545 of condenser 54 is connected with auxiliary compressor 53 by pipeline; The tube side outlet 544 of described condenser 54 is connected with the shell side inlet 513 of vaporizer 51 by pipeline, and this pipeline is provided with throttling valve 55; The shell-side outlet 514 of vaporizer 51 is connected with main compressor 52 by pipeline; The tube side outlet 512 of the vaporizer 51 of described heat pump 5 is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the nozzle 71 on absorption tower 7, another road arm output products water; The top of the condenser 54 of heat pump 5 arranges vapour outlet 543, and this vapour outlet 543 is connected with the steam inlet 73 on absorption tower 7 by pipeline, and arranges turbo-generator 6 at the pipe interior near absorption tower 7 steam inlet 73.
The top of described absorption tower 7 inner chamber is provided with nozzle 71, and the packing layer 72 be made up of porous material is arranged in the internal space, upper strata on absorption tower 7, and the sidewall on absorption tower 7 is provided with steam inlet 73, and the bottom on absorption tower 7 is provided with taphole 74.
Principle of work of the present invention:
As shown in Figure 1, in example of the present invention, draw liquid select by nontoxic, have high-volatile or have Thermo-sensitive dissolubility difference or can completely thermolysis be the solute of gas form draw liquid.Seawater and concentrated draw liquid and enter positive permeator 1 from both sides respectively, the water molecules in seawater seawater and concentrated draw to enter into through forward osmosis membrane under the permeable pressure head formed between liquid drives draw liquid side, concentrated seawater is exhausted from system.The concentrated liquid that draws absorbs water molecules and becomes dilution and draw liquid and obtain osmotic energy simultaneously, dilution is drawn liquid and is flowed out from positive permeator 1 and be divided into two-way, transmission ofenergy is drawn to concentrated the power that liquid provides its continuous firing by pressure converter 4 of leading up to, and unnecessary osmotic energy exports and is used for driving the work of the main compressor 52 of heat pump 5 that heat pump is normally run by water turbine 2 of separately leading up to.Finish the dilution of the two-way after merit to draw liquid and again merge together the thermal discharge that the condenser 54 entering heat pump 5 absorbs working fluid condenses process.After drawing the solute heat absorption in liquid completely volatilization become steam or completely thermolysis become gas, steam or gas enter cooled water in absorption tower 7 by pipeline and absorb again to be formed completely and concentratedly draw liquid, and utilize steam or gas because volatilization or thermal decomposition process and condensation or driven turbo-generator 6 to generate electricity by the pressure reduction that absorption process is formed.Draw vaporizer 51 releases heat that liquid volatilizees completely or the fresh water solution that formed after thermolysis enters heat pump 5 and become water coolant.Part water coolant enters in absorption tower 7 and sprays, and steam absorb acting completely in packing layer 72 after or gas are formed and concentratedly draws liquid, and the concentrated liquid that draws reenters positive permeator 1 by pressure converter 4 and completes and draw liquid closed cycle; Another part water coolant exports as product water.
The above, be only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the layout of each pipeline can have various ways, therefore scope of the invention process can not be limited with this, namely the equivalence done according to the present patent application the scope of the claims and description changes and modifies, and all should still remain within the scope of the patent.
Claims (2)
1. a positive penetration sea water desalinization system, is characterized in that: it comprises positive permeator, water turbine, speed-increasing gear, pressure converter, heat pump, turbo-generator, absorption tower;
The liquid entrance that draws of described positive permeator is exported be connected by the concentrated liquid that draws of the high pressure of pipeline and pressure converter, the liquid outlet conduit that draws of positive permeator is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the water inlet pipe of water turbine, and another road arm and the high pressure of pressure converter dilute and draw liquid entrance and be connected; It is a pipeline that the low pressure dilution of the draft tube of described water turbine and pressure converter draws that liquid outlet conduit converges, and this converges pipeline and is connected with the shell side inlet of the condenser of heat pump; Water turbine is coaxially connected with the main compressor of heat pump by speed-increasing gear; The low pressure of described pressure converter concentrates to be drawn liquid entrance and is connected with the taphole on absorption tower by pipeline;
Described heat pump is formed by vaporizer, main compressor, auxiliary compressor, condenser, throttling valve and many pipelines and is formed a working medium circulation loop; The shell-side outlet of described condenser is connected with the tube-side inlet of vaporizer by pipeline, and the outlet of the tube side of condenser to be connected with the shell side inlet of vaporizer by pipeline and to be provided with throttling valve on this pipeline; The shell-side outlet of vaporizer is connected with main compressor by pipeline; The tube side outlet of described vaporizer is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the nozzle on absorption tower, the external output products water of another road arm; The top of described condenser arranges vapour outlet, and this vapour outlet is connected with the steam inlet on absorption tower by pipeline, and arranges turbo-generator at the pipe interior near absorption tower steam inlet.
2. positive penetration sea water desalinization system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the top of described absorption tower inner chamber is provided with nozzle, the packing layer be made up of porous material is arranged in the internal space, upper strata on absorption tower, the sidewall on absorption tower is provided with steam inlet, and the bottom on absorption tower is provided with taphole.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310730276.0A CN103739038B (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | Forward osmosis sea water desalination system |
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| CN201310730276.0A CN103739038B (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | Forward osmosis sea water desalination system |
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| CN103739038A CN103739038A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
| CN103739038B true CN103739038B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104402092B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-07-13 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | A kind of energy-conservation comprehensive chemical industry advanced waste treatment system and processing method thereof |
| CN104402160B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-07-06 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving coal wastewater from chemical industry advanced treatment system and processing method thereof |
| CN104386871B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-07-27 | 马涛 | A kind of energy-saving sewage factory secondary biochemical effluent desalting system and processing method thereof |
| CN104402161B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-07-06 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving petroleum wastewater from chemical industry advanced treatment system and processing method thereof |
| CN104803448A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-29 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Forward osmosis treatment method of wastewater with high salinity and high organic matter concentration |
| US11014834B2 (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2021-05-25 | Conocophillips | Osmotic concentration of produced and process water using hollow fiber membrane |
| CN111186949A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-22 | 西安交通大学 | Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination and pressure delay permeation salt difference power generation coupling system and operation method |
| CN111573948B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2022-02-01 | 山东建筑大学 | Zero-emission fracturing flow-back fluid treatment system and adjusting method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102765768A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-11-07 | 湖南创化低碳环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for improving sea water desalinization efficiency through heat pump |
| CN103437840A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Permeation boosting heat-power conversion circulating device |
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| ES2442721T3 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2014-02-13 | I.D.E. Technologies Ltd. | Method to improve the performance of a reverse osmosis system for desalination of seawater, and modified reverse osmosis system obtained from it |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102765768A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-11-07 | 湖南创化低碳环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for improving sea water desalinization efficiency through heat pump |
| CN103437840A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Permeation boosting heat-power conversion circulating device |
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