CN103739007A - Preparation of porous tin dioxide nano structure with controllable size by employing template method - Google Patents
Preparation of porous tin dioxide nano structure with controllable size by employing template method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103739007A CN103739007A CN201310739625.5A CN201310739625A CN103739007A CN 103739007 A CN103739007 A CN 103739007A CN 201310739625 A CN201310739625 A CN 201310739625A CN 103739007 A CN103739007 A CN 103739007A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation of a porous tin dioxide nano structure with a controllable size by employing a template method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing styrene with deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15-25 minutes, heating a water bath to 65-75 DEG C, and then adding an ultrasonically treated potassium persulfate solution; stirring at room temperature for 7-13 hours, so as to obtain a polystyrene small ball suspension; (2) preparing a polystyrene small ball template by adopting a vertical deposition method; (3) adding SnCl4.H2O to an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, cooling to room temperature and standing after stirring, so as to obtain a precursor sol solution; and (4) gradually dropwise adding the precursor sol solution to the polystyrene small ball template, and then baking, gradually heating to 480-530 DEG C and keeping for 2-4 hours after baking, and then naturally cooling. Regulation and control of photocatalytic performance are achieved by control on the size of the polystyrene small ball, and the prepared porous tin dioxide nano structure is stable in structure, controllable in size, and stable in photocatalytic performance, and can be repeatedly used for a plurality of times.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses the porous SnO 2 nanostructure of utilizing template synthesis size controlled, and realize efficient photocatalysis performance, belong to technical field prepared by nano material and photocatalyst.
Background technology
Tindioxide is a kind of important catalytic material, and it is insoluble in bronsted lowry acids and bases bronsted lowry, is a kind of amphoteric substance, not only can, as the carrier of catalyzer, can also serve as active ingredient and the cocatalyst of catalyzer.Utilizing tindioxide as aspect photocatalyst for degrading organic pollutant at present, normally as other wide semiconductor material as TiO
2, Fe
2o
3, the photocatalyst such as ZnO modified component.Due to tindioxide self, as wide band gap magnitude and dipole transition, prohibit, make it be difficult to single a kind of photocatalyst efficiently that becomes, so almost have no report for pure tindioxide as the research of photocatalyst and catalytic performance at present.Before the present invention, how many preparation methods of stannic oxide nanometer vesicular structure exists problem, and most important is exactly the how effective control to porous size, and utilizing these vesicular structures to realize efficient photocatalytic degradation does not have especially.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the controlled porous SnO 2 nanostructure of a kind of template synthesis size, the present invention realizes the control to porous SnO 2 nanostructure size by the control of p-poly-phenyl ethene small ball mould board size, and the control of template size only need can realize by controlling polystyrene concentration, technique is simple, easy handling, can realize large-scale industrial production, and the porous nanometer structure uniform and ordered of preparing, Stability Analysis of Structures, presented good photocatalysis performance, also can effectively realize the regulation and control to photocatalysis performance, photocatalyst can repeated multiple timesly be used, realize the high efficiency photocatalysis of tindioxide one-component and to its Effective Regulation.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions, the porous SnO 2 nanostructure that template synthesis size is controlled, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of polystyrene sphere suspension liquid: vinylbenzene and deionized water are mixed, supersound process 15-25 min, ultrasonic frequency is 200 KHz, vinylbenzene after supersound process and deionized water mixing solutions heating in water bath are to 65-75 ℃, afterwards to being cooled to the potassium persulfate solution that adds supersound process in the vinylbenzene of room temperature and deionized water mixing solutions, ultrasonic frequency is 200 KHz frequencies, under room temperature, stir 7-13 h, stirring velocity is 280-330 r/min, obtains polystyrene sphere suspension liquid; Vinylbenzene described in every milliliter of corresponding 0.0086-0.0214 g of described deionized water, described potassium persulfate solution concentration is 12 g/L, the volume ratio of described vinylbenzene and potassium persulfate solution is 5:1;
(2) adopt vertical sedimentation legal system for polystyrene sphere template: the dichromic acid that is 1:1 with volume ratio by substrate base and vitriol oil mixing solutions immersion 20-26 h, two substrate bases after immersion stick together, two substrate bases that fit together are vertically put into described polystyrene sphere suspension liquid, due to wicking action, substrate base inside can be full of suspension liquid, be full of the substrate base of suspension liquid in 48-52 ℃ of oven dry, obtain the polystyrene sphere template of different size;
(3) preparation of precursor sol solution: by SnCl
44H
2o joins in ethanol solution, stirs 9-12 h at 75-85 ℃, and then cool to room temperature standing 22-26 h, obtain precursor sol solution; SnCl described in every mmole
44H
2the corresponding 1.8ml dehydrated alcohol of O;
(4) described precursor sol solution is dropwise added drop-wise in the described polystyrene sphere template of different size size, then use oven for drying, polystyrene sphere template after oven dry is warming up to 480-530 ℃ and keep 2-4 h gradually, heating-up time 4-6 h, remove the organic bead of polystyrene, then naturally cool to room temperature, obtain the porous SnO 2 nanostructure of different pore size.
Further, the number that drips of precursor sol solution described in step (4) drips for 1-3.
Further, described in step (2), substrate base is glass, silicon single crystal, quartz or metal substrate.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
First, the present invention is by the control of p-poly-phenyl ethylene concentration, effectively control the size of polystyrene sphere, utilize the controlled vinylbenzene bead of these sizes to prepare the controlled porous SnO 2 nanostructure of size as template, tin dioxide nanostructure that the more important thing is these porous has shown good photocatalysis performance, and its photocatalysis performance of the vesicular structure of different size is also different, can be by the control of vinylbenzene bead size be realized to the regulation and control to photocatalysis performance:
The second, polystyrene sphere substrate used in the present invention can be silicon single crystal, quartz or other metals etc.;
The 3rd, the porous SnO 2 nanostructure sample photocatalysis performance of the different pore size size that the present invention makes differs widely, but compared with the tindioxide powder of non-porous structure, has all presented good catalytic performance.Along with reducing of aperture, photocatalysis performance strengthens gradually.The porous SnO 2 photocatalyst that this invention is prepared has good secondary recovery recycling performance.The porous SnO 2 nanostructure that the present invention prepares is stable, and size is controlled, and photocatalysis performance is stable, can repeated multiple timesly use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of different size polystyrene (PS) the bead template that makes of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the SEM figure of the different pore size size tindioxide that makes of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the photocatalysis effect figure of the different size tindioxide vesicular structure that makes of the present invention; C in ordinate zou
0represent pollutent starting point concentration, C represents Pollutant levels sometime; Powers representative has the powder of good catalytic;
Fig. 4 is that the aperture that the present invention makes is the secondary recovery utilization degraded figure again of 250 nm tindioxide vesicular structures, in figure, first represents that aperture is 250 nm tindioxide vesicular structure catalysis for the first time, and retry represents that aperture is the secondary recovery utilization of 250 nm tindioxide vesicular structures.
Embodiment
The porous SnO 2 nanostructure that template synthesis size is controlled, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of polystyrene sphere suspension liquid: vinylbenzene and deionized water are mixed, supersound process 15-25 min, ultrasonic frequency is 200 KHz, vinylbenzene after supersound process and deionized water mixing solutions heating in water bath are to 65-75 ℃, afterwards to being cooled to the potassium persulfate solution that adds supersound process in the vinylbenzene of room temperature and deionized water mixing solutions, ultrasonic frequency is 200 KHz frequencies, under room temperature, stir 7-13 h, stirring velocity is 280-330 r/min, obtains polystyrene sphere suspension liquid; Vinylbenzene described in every milliliter of corresponding 0.0086-0.0214 g of described deionized water, described potassium persulfate solution concentration is 12 g/L, the volume ratio of described vinylbenzene and potassium persulfate solution is 5:1;
(2) adopt vertical sedimentation legal system for polystyrene sphere template: the vitriol oil mixing solutions immersion 20-26 h that the dichromic acid that is 1:1 with volume ratio by substrate base and concentration are 98%, two substrate bases after immersion stick together, two substrate bases that fit together are vertically put into described polystyrene sphere suspension liquid, due to wicking action, substrate base inside can be full of suspension liquid, be full of the substrate base of suspension liquid in 48-52 ℃ of oven dry, obtain the polystyrene sphere template of different size;
(3) preparation of precursor sol solution: by SnCl
44H
2o joins in ethanol solution, stirs 9-12 h at 75-85 ℃, and then cool to room temperature standing 22-26 h, obtain precursor sol solution; SnCl described in every mmole
44H
2the corresponding 1.8ml dehydrated alcohol of O;
(4) described precursor sol solution is dropwise added drop-wise in the described polystyrene sphere template of different size size, then use oven for drying, polystyrene sphere template after oven dry is warming up to 480-530 ℃ and keep 2-4 h gradually, heating-up time 4-6 h, remove the organic bead of polystyrene, then naturally cool to room temperature, obtain the porous SnO 2 nanostructure of different pore size.
The number that drips of precursor sol solution drips for 1-3 in step (4).
In step (2), substrate base is glass, silicon single crystal, quartz or metal substrate.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of different size porous SnO 2 nanostructure:
The vinylbenzene that quality is respectively to 0.6,0.9,1.2 and 1.5 g joins in the beaker that 70 ml deionized waters are housed, sonic oscillation 20 min, heating in water bath to 70 ℃, to it, add the potassium persulfate solution of a small amount of ultrasonic mistake, keep rotor under 300 r/min, to stir 10 h, can make polystyrene sphere suspension liquid.By soak the two sheet glass substrates that 24 h processed with dichromic acid and vitriol oil mixing solutions, stick together, in the beaker that has added polystyrene suspension liquid of it vertically being fixed with clip, due to wicking action, glass substrate inside can be full of suspension liquid, dries and obtain the PS microsphere template of different size at 50 ℃.By the SnCl of 50mmol
44H
2o joins in 90ml ethanol solution, and 80 ℃ of maintenance 10 h of water-bath, are cooled to room temperature ageing 24 h, obtain precursor sol solution.Sol solution is dropwise added drop-wise in the polystyrene sphere template of different size size (1 to 3 all can), then use oven for drying, (temperature-rise period continues 4-6 h) to utilize resistance furnace that the glass template of having dried is warming up to 500 ℃, keep 2-4 h, then naturally cooling, can obtain the porous SnO 2 nanostructure of different pore size.
The test of porous SnO 2 nanostructure photocatalysis performance:
Methyl orange solution 300 ml that get 20 M are contained in watch-glass, and add the porous SnO of 50 mg
2nano material, at room temperature standing 10 min, so that solid-liquid two-phase reaches adsorption equilibrium, then through centrifugation, get supernatant liquid and test its concentration the initial concentration as photo-catalytic degradation of methyl-orange.Sample is placed under the ultraviolet xenon lamp of 250 W and carries out illumination.Every 60 min, sampling 5 ml, centrifugal with whizzer, and then with visible spectrophotometer test methyl orange solution wavelength be the photoabsorption at 462 nm places, for avoiding repeatedly extracting the impact on test result, all the solution after testing is refunded at every turn.Finally the sample collection participating in after light-catalyzed reaction is come, water ionized water repetitive scrubbing is dried at 120 ℃, tests its quadric catalysis performance under identical catalytic condition.
Bead as seen from Figure 1: different concentration of styrene can be prepared the PS(polystyrene of different size size), PS bead is evenly distributed, by hexagonal close packed array.In addition, the size of PS the small ball's diameter is except can be by regulating cinnamic concentration to realize, can also be by changing KPS(Potassium Persulphate) magneton rotating speed in concentration, whipping process etc. controls.
As seen from Figure 2: the aperture of the porous SnO 2 nanostructure of preparing is directly corresponding with the diameter of PS bead, present a kind of cavernous structure of solid, marshalling, surface is without covering, specific surface area is large, large with extraneous contact area, can be widely used in the fields such as photochemical catalysis, gas sensing and lithium ion battery.
As seen from Figure 3: the sample photocatalysis performance of different pore size size differs widely, but compared with the tindioxide powder of non-porous structure, all presented good catalytic performance.Along with reducing of aperture, photocatalysis performance strengthens gradually.
As can be seen from Figure 4: the porous SnO 2 photocatalyst that the present invention prepares has good secondary recovery recycling performance.
The present invention is by the control of p-poly-phenyl ethylene concentration, effectively control the size of polystyrene sphere, utilize the controlled vinylbenzene bead of these sizes to prepare the controlled porous SnO 2 nanostructure of size as template, tin dioxide nanostructure that the more important thing is these porous has shown good photocatalysis performance, and its photocatalysis performance of the vesicular structure of different size is also different, can be by the control of vinylbenzene bead size is realized to the regulation and control to photocatalysis performance.
The present invention utilizes polystyrene to prepare the controlled porous SnO 2 nanostructure of size as template, and realizes efficient photocatalysis performance.It is large that porous SnO 2 nanostructure prepared by the present invention has specific surface area, and size is controlled, and photocatalysis effect is obvious, can Reusability etc. feature, in photocatalysis field, have great using value.In addition, the porous SnO 2 nanostructure that the present invention prepares also can be used on the practical application area such as gas sensor, lithium ion battery, solar cell.
Claims (3)
1. the controlled porous SnO 2 nanostructure of template synthesis size, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of polystyrene sphere suspension liquid: vinylbenzene and deionized water are mixed, supersound process 15-25 min, ultrasonic frequency is 200 KHz, vinylbenzene after supersound process and deionized water mixing solutions heating in water bath are to 65-75 ℃, afterwards to being cooled to the potassium persulfate solution that adds supersound process in the vinylbenzene of room temperature and deionized water mixing solutions, ultrasonic frequency is 200 KHz frequencies, under room temperature, stir 7-13 h, stirring velocity is 280-330 r/min, obtains polystyrene sphere suspension liquid; Vinylbenzene described in every milliliter of corresponding 0.0086-0.0214 g of described deionized water, described potassium persulfate solution concentration is 12 g/L, the volume ratio of described vinylbenzene and potassium persulfate solution is 5:1;
(2) adopt vertical sedimentation legal system for polystyrene sphere template: the dichromic acid that is 1:1 with volume ratio by substrate base and vitriol oil mixing solutions immersion 20-26 h, two substrate bases after immersion stick together, two substrate bases that fit together are vertically put into described polystyrene sphere suspension liquid, due to wicking action, substrate base inside can be full of suspension liquid, be full of the substrate base of suspension liquid in 48-52 ℃ of oven dry, obtain the polystyrene sphere template of different size;
(3) preparation of precursor sol solution: by SnCl
44H
2o joins in ethanol solution, stirs 9-12 h at 75-85 ℃, and then cool to room temperature standing 22-26 h, obtain precursor sol solution; SnCl described in every mmole
44H
2the corresponding 1.8ml dehydrated alcohol of O;
(4) described precursor sol solution is dropwise added drop-wise in the described polystyrene sphere template of different size size, then use oven for drying, polystyrene sphere template after oven dry is warming up to 480-530 ℃ and keep 2-4 h gradually, heating-up time 4-6 h, remove the organic bead of polystyrene, then naturally cool to room temperature, obtain the porous SnO 2 nanostructure of different pore size.
2. the controlled porous SnO 2 nanostructure of template synthesis size according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the number that drips of precursor sol solution described in step (4) drips for 1-3.
3. the controlled porous SnO 2 nanostructure of template synthesis size according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described in step (4), substrate base is glass, silicon single crystal, quartz or metal substrate.
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| CN106277039A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-01-04 | 徐州工程学院 | A kind of cellular SnO2semiconductor light-catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN106629822A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-10 | 长春理工大学 | Unordered porous tin oxide material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113774418A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-10 | 常州工程职业技术学院 | Preparation of three-dimensional conductive framework and application of three-dimensional conductive framework in iron oxide photo-anode |
| CN113979469A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-01-28 | 合肥融捷能源材料有限公司 | SnO (stannic oxide)2Preparation method of porous carbon hollow composite microspheres |
| CN115092957A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-23 | 中南大学 | Sulfate acid tin dioxide composite material and preparation method thereof and method for cooperatively treating arsenic-alkali residue leaching residue through pyrometallurgy of antimony concentrate |
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| CN110078385A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-08-02 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of template fast-growth 3DOM WO3Method |
| CN113774418A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2021-12-10 | 常州工程职业技术学院 | Preparation of three-dimensional conductive framework and application of three-dimensional conductive framework in iron oxide photo-anode |
| CN113979469A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-01-28 | 合肥融捷能源材料有限公司 | SnO (stannic oxide)2Preparation method of porous carbon hollow composite microspheres |
| CN115092957A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-09-23 | 中南大学 | Sulfate acid tin dioxide composite material and preparation method thereof and method for cooperatively treating arsenic-alkali residue leaching residue through pyrometallurgy of antimony concentrate |
| CN115092957B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-08-18 | 中南大学 | Method for cooperatively disposing arsenic alkali slag leaching slag by adopting pyrometallurgy of antimony concentrate |
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