CN103737935B - The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer - Google Patents
The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103737935B CN103737935B CN201410033304.8A CN201410033304A CN103737935B CN 103737935 B CN103737935 B CN 103737935B CN 201410033304 A CN201410033304 A CN 201410033304A CN 103737935 B CN103737935 B CN 103737935B
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- nozzle
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- assembly
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- heat block
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Abstract
The invention belongs to printing equipment technical field, relate to the printhead nozzle structure of a kind of 3D printer.It solve prior art energy consumption height, the wire vent inefficiency of shower nozzle, shower nozzle are easily blocked, consumptive material extrudes the technical problems such as difficulty.It includes heating arrangements, is provided with nozzle assembly and heating assembly in described heating arrangements, and heating arrangements connects tubular cooling mechanism, is additionally provided with heat-shield mechanism and this heat-shield mechanism connection nozzle assembly and cooling mechanism between heating arrangements and cooling mechanism.The present invention has that energy consumption is low, wire vent efficiency high, nozzle is difficult to block, the consumptive material extrusion advantage such as easily.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to printing equipment technical field, relate to the nozzle structure of a kind of printer,
It is specifically related to the printhead nozzle structure of a kind of 3D printer.
Background technology
Based on 3D printer is a kind of mathematical model file, uses powdery metal or mould
Material etc. can jointing material, by the way of successively printing, carry out the technology of constructed object.Past
It is often used for modeling in the field such as Making mold, industrial design, now the most gradually uses
Directly manufacturing in some products.
When 3D prints, software completes one by CAD (computer aided design) technology (CAD) and is
Column of figure is cut into slices, and the information these cut into slices is sent on 3D printer, and the latter can be by
The slim aspect of continuous print is stacked up, until a solid body molding.Stacking thin layer
Form has varied.Some 3D printer uses the mode of " ink-jet ".Such as, one
The 3D printer company of Israel of the entitled Objet of family uses printer head very thin by one layer
Liquid plastic substance spray on mold pallet, this coating is then placed under ultraviolet
Process.Mold pallet declines minimum distance afterwards, stacked on next for next layer stack.
Other general headquarters are positioned at the company Stratasys in Minneapolis city of the U.S. and use one
Planting the technology being called " fused deposition modeling ", whole flow process is fusing plastics in shower nozzle, so
Thin layer is just formed afterwards by the way of depositing plastic material fiber.
Some systems are also had to use powder particle as print media.Powder particle is sprayed
Mold pallet forms one layer of very thin powder bed, then by the fluid binder sprayed
Solidify.The technology founding that it can also use one to be called " laser sintered " becomes to refer to
Shaped.This skill that EOS Corp. of Germany uses on its superposition process manufacture machine the most just
Art.
3D printer is, with the difference of conventional printer maximum, " ink " that it uses
It it is out and out raw material.Fusing after these raw materials are heated, from 3D printer
Printhead shower nozzle is cooled to solid-state after ejection, the process of whole printing be exactly shower nozzle according to
Program constantly sprays raw material success cooling on model of liquid, finally gives 3D
Solid in kind.But the fire end of the nozzle structure of existing 3D printer and radiating end it
Between effect of heat insulation poor, therefore the heat of fire end can quickly be delivered in radiating end,
Thus cause two problems: 1, the heat of fire end is delivered to rapidly in radiating end, leads
Causing fire end heat and scatter and disappear relatively big, energy consumption is higher；2, the temperature in radiating end is higher, consumption
Material softens in radiating end too early, cause the wire vent inefficiency of shower nozzle, shower nozzle easily to be blocked,
Consumptive material extrusion difficulty.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for the problems referred to above, it is provided that the printhead of a kind of 3D printer
Nozzle structure, solves prior art energy consumption height, the wire vent inefficiency of shower nozzle, shower nozzle
Easily block, consumptive material extrudes the technical problems such as difficulty.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, present invention employs following technical proposal: a kind of 3D prints
The printhead nozzle structure of machine, including heating arrangements, is provided with nozzle in described heating arrangements
Assembly and heating assembly, heating arrangements connect tubular cooling mechanism, heating arrangements and
Heat-shield mechanism and this heat-shield mechanism connection nozzle assembly and heat radiation it is additionally provided with between cooling mechanism
Mechanism.
In the printhead nozzle structure of above-mentioned 3D printer, described heat-shield mechanism includes
Heat insulation connecting tube, described heat insulation connecting tube is made up of, greatly integrated big pipe and tubule
Managing be connected dismountable with nozzle assembly, tubule is dismountable with cooling mechanism to be connected.
In the printhead nozzle structure of above-mentioned 3D printer, described heat-shield mechanism is also wrapped
Including the passage being located in cooling mechanism, this passage one end is inserted in tubule, another
End is inserted into the interior inner wall of end laminating with cooling mechanism of cooling mechanism.
In the printhead nozzle structure of above-mentioned 3D printer, described cooling mechanism includes
Radiating tube cylindrically, radiating tube outer wall is evenly arranged with multi-disc fin, and tubule is inserted
Entering and be spirally connected with radiating tube in radiating tube, radiating tube is provided with one away from one end of tubule
Bayonet socket, this bayonet socket forms reducing with the junction of radiating tube end, and passage one end is inserted
In tubule, the other end is fitted with reducing in being inserted into radiating tube.
In the printhead nozzle structure of above-mentioned 3D printer, described heating arrangements includes
Heat block in square column type, is provided with bottoming hole in described heat block and this bottoming hole runs through and adds
Two sides that hot block is opposite, are additionally provided with nozzle bore and this nozzle bore in described heat block
Run through another two opposite sides of heat block, in described bottoming hole, be provided with heating assembly,
It is provided with the nozzle assembly being spirally connected with heat block in described nozzle bore and nozzle assembly two ends are protruded
Heat block outer wall, is provided with in being additionally provided with thermometer hole and thermometer hole and can detect nozzle in heat block
The thermocouple assembly of assembly temperature.
In the printhead nozzle structure of above-mentioned 3D printer, described bottoming hole and nozzle
Hole is mutually perpendicular to and does not connects, described heat block is additionally provided with one vertical with bottoming hole
Fixing threaded hole and this fixing threaded hole one end connection bottoming hole, the other end runs through outside heat block
Wall, described thermometer hole is parallel with bottoming hole, thermometer hole one end connection nozzle bore, the other end
Run through the outer wall of heat block, described heating assembly include the thermal resistance that is located in bottoming hole and
The first wire being connected with thermal resistance, described nozzle assembly includes having external screw thread and centre
Having the nozzle body of nozzle flow channel, an end of described nozzle body is expanded and is formed spray
Head, shower nozzle center is provided with runs through shower nozzle and the spray orifice of connection nozzle flow channel, the hole of this spray orifice
Footpath is less than nozzle flow channel, and nozzle body is spirally connected and nozzle body by nozzle bore and heat block
Shower nozzle be close to heat block, nozzle body extends heat block away from the other end of shower nozzle
Outer wall is also spirally connected with big pipe, and described thermocouple assembly includes the thermocouple being located in thermometer hole,
Described thermocouple connects the second wire, and thermocouple is fitted with nozzle body.
In the printhead nozzle structure of above-mentioned 3D printer, described nozzle body extends
Go out one end of heat block outer wall to be inserted in big pipe and be spirally connected with big pipe and the two ends of passage are divided
Not propping up end and the reducing of nozzle body, the outer wall of passage pastes with the inwall of radiating tube
Close.
In the printhead nozzle structure of above-mentioned 3D printer, the hole of described nozzle flow channel
Footpath is less than the aperture of passage.
In the printhead nozzle structure of above-mentioned 3D printer, described heat-shield mechanism is by low
Conductivity plastic is made.
In the printhead nozzle structure of above-mentioned 3D printer, described heat insulation connecting tube
Material is Peek, and the material of described passage is Ptfe.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that: 1, make with Peek
The thermal conductivity of heat insulation connecting tube is far below metal (such as rustless steel) connector, and cocoa is effective
The heat intercepting heating arrangements conduct toward cooling mechanism, thus prevent consumptive material from softening too early
And the thermal loss of heating arrangements, both reduced energy consumption and in turn ensure that consumptive material was easily extruded；2、
The passage that Ptfe makes has self-lubricating property so that consumptive material is when by this passage
Resistance is less, and feeding is more convenient, and this passage inwall also can be formed with partial melting consumptive material
Similar cylinder piston structure is so that by the consumptive material extrusion after liquefaction in nozzle assembly, outside this pipe
Radiating tube is close to by wall, dispels the heat more efficient, therefore the wire vent efficiency height of nozzle assembly, nozzle
Be difficult to block, consumptive material extrusion easily.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the explosive view that the present invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the heat block that the present invention provides.
In figure: heating arrangements 1, heat block 11, bottoming hole 12, nozzle bore 13, thermometric
Hole 14, fixing threaded hole 15, nozzle assembly 2, nozzle body 20, nozzle flow channel 21,
Shower nozzle 22, heating assembly 3, thermal resistance the 31, first wire 32, cooling mechanism 4, dissipate
Heat pipe 40, fin 41, bayonet socket 42, reducing 43, heat-shield mechanism 5, heat insulation connection
Pipe 50, big pipe 51, tubule 52, passage 53, thermocouple assembly 6, thermocouple 61,
Second wire 62.
Detailed description of the invention
With detailed description of the invention the present invention done further details of theory below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Bright.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the printhead nozzle structure of a kind of 3D printer,
Including heating arrangements 1, in described heating arrangements 1, it is provided with nozzle assembly 2 and heating assembly 3,
Heating arrangements 1 connects tubular cooling mechanism 4, heating arrangements 1 and cooling mechanism 4
Between be additionally provided with heat-shield mechanism 5 and this heat-shield mechanism 5 connects nozzle assembly 2 and heat radiation machine
Structure 4, heat-shield mechanism 5 is made up of low thermal conductivity plastic.Heat-shield mechanism 5 can effectively hinder
Heat every heating arrangements 1 conducts toward cooling mechanism 4, is on the one hand possible to prevent heater
The heat of structure 1 is directly transferred to cooling mechanism 4, thus causes the heat of heating arrangements 1
Loss；On the other hand it is possible to prevent the consumptive material in cooling mechanism 4 (such as inker, plastic strip
Deng) soften too early, it is to avoid consumptive material extrusion difficulty.
Heat-shield mechanism 5 includes heat insulation connecting tube 50, and described heat insulation connecting tube 50 is by one
Big pipe 51 and the tubule 52 of molding form, big pipe 51 and the dismountable company of nozzle assembly 2
Connecing, tubule 52 is dismountable with cooling mechanism 4 to be connected.Heat-shield mechanism 5 also includes being located at
Passage 53 in cooling mechanism 4, this passage 53 one end is inserted in tubule 52,
The other end is inserted into the interior inner wall of end laminating with cooling mechanism 4 of cooling mechanism 4.Heat insulation
The material of connecting tube 50 is Peek, and the material of described passage 53 is Ptfe.Peek
Belong to fire resistant special type plastics, softening temperature be more than 300 DEG C, thermal conductivity far below metal (as
Rustless steel etc.) connector, can effectively intercept the heat of heating arrangements 1 toward cooling mechanism
4 conduction；Ptfe belongs to exotic material together, and softening temperature is more than 250 DEG C, and has certainly
Lubrication property so that consumptive material resistance when by passage 53 is less, and feeding is more convenient,
This passage 53 inwall also can be formed with partial melting consumptive material similar cylinder piston structure with
Just by the consumptive material extrusion after liquefaction in nozzle assembly 2, (consumptive material is typically strip, penetrates
In passage 53), this passage 53 outer wall is close to cooling mechanism 4, dispels the heat more efficient
(the highest meeting of radiating efficiency causes upper end consumptive material to soften too early, it is impossible to promote piston structure to go out
Material).
Cooling mechanism 4 includes radiating tube 40 cylindrically, and radiating tube 40 outer wall is uniform
Being provided with multi-disc fin 41, the shape of fin 41 can be varied, such as triangle
Shape, polygon, circle, ellipse etc., in the present embodiment, fin 41 is circle
Shape fin, tubule 52 is inserted into and is spirally connected with radiating tube 40 in radiating tube 40, radiating tube
40 are provided with a bayonet socket 42 away from one end of tubule 52, this bayonet socket 42 and radiating tube 40
The junction of end forms reducing 43, and in this structure, passage 53 one end is inserted
In tubule 52, the other end is fitted with reducing 43 in being inserted into radiating tube 40.Bayonet socket
42 feeding units being easy to consumptive material are connected, and reducing 43 can be straight after fitting with passage 53
Connect and consumptive material is input in passage 53, and entered into nozzle assembly 2 by passage 53
In.
Heating arrangements 1 includes the heat block 11 in square column type, sets in described heat block 11
Bottoming hole 12 and this bottoming hole 12 is had to run through two sides that heat block 11 is opposite, institute
Be additionally provided with nozzle bore 13 in stating heat block 11 and this nozzle bore 13 to run through heat block 11 another
One two opposite sides, are provided with heating assembly 3, described spray in described bottoming hole 12
The nozzle assembly 2 being spirally connected with heat block 11 and nozzle assembly 2 two ends it are provided with in nozzle aperture 13
Protrude heat block 11 outer wall, in heat block 11, be additionally provided with thermometer hole 14 and thermometer hole 14
Inside it is provided with the thermocouple assembly 6 that can detect nozzle assembly 2 temperature.The material of nozzle assembly 2
Matter is copper, and the material of heat block 11 is that the thermal conductivity of aluminum, copper and aluminum is the highest, it is possible to relatively
The heat that fast transmission heating assembly 3 produces.
Bottoming hole 12 is mutually perpendicular to nozzle bore 13 and does not connects, thus prevents heating group
Part 3 directly heats directly to nozzle assembly 2 and causes the temperature of nozzle assembly 2 too high, consumption
Material too softens；Consolidates vertical with bottoming hole 12 it is additionally provided with on described heat block 11
Determining screw 15 and this fixing threaded hole 15 one end connection bottoming hole 12, the other end runs through heating
The outer wall of block 11, may be inserted into screw or bolt etc. and adds for fixing in fixing threaded hole 15
Hot assembly 3；Described thermometer hole 14 is parallel with bottoming hole 12, and thermometer hole 14 one end connects
Nozzle bore 13, the other end runs through the outer wall of heat block 11, and described heating assembly 3 includes
The thermal resistance 31 being located in bottoming hole 12 and the first wire 32 being connected with thermal resistance 31,
Described nozzle assembly 2 includes having external screw thread and centre has the nozzle of nozzle flow channel 21 originally
Body 20, the aperture of nozzle flow channel 21 is less than the aperture of passage 53, it is clear that nozzle stream
The aperture of road 21 and passage 53 is optimum state when being 1:1, but when passage 53
Can produce expansion during heat, its coefficient of expansion is greater than the coefficient of expansion of nozzle assembly 2,
Therefore the aperture of passage 53 can reduce, now nozzle flow channel 21 and the hole of passage 53
Footpath is essentially 1:1, reaches the optimum state of feeding；One end of described nozzle body 20
Portion expands and forms shower nozzle 22, and shower nozzle 22 center is provided with runs through shower nozzle 22 and connection nozzle stream
The spray orifice (not shown) in road 21, the aperture of this spray orifice is less than nozzle flow channel 21, spray
The pore size control in hole is between 0.2-0.35mm, and nozzle body 20 is by nozzle bore 13
It is spirally connected with heat block 11 and the shower nozzle 22 of nozzle body 20 is close to heat block 11, spray
Mouth body 20 extends heat block 11 outer wall, described thermoelectricity away from the other end of shower nozzle 22
Even assembly 6 includes the thermocouple 61 being located in thermometer hole 14, and described thermocouple 61 connects
Second wire 62, thermocouple 61 fits with nozzle body 20, thermocouple 61 and nozzle
Body 20 is fitted, and makes thermometric more accurate.
Nozzle body 20 extend one end of heat block 11 outer wall be inserted in big pipe 51 with
Big pipe 51 is spirally connected and the two ends of passage 53 are respectively held against end and the contracting of nozzle body 20
The inwall laminating of mouth 43, the outer wall of passage 53 and radiating tube 40, such that it is able to will lead
The heat of the consumptive material in material pipe 53 passes to radiating tube 40 in time, prevents consumptive material the softest
Change.
Following table is the thermal conductivity numerical value of various material.
| Material | Thermal conductivity (20 DEG C, W/m.K) |
| Copper | 401 |
| Aluminum | 237 |
| Rustless steel | 60 |
| Peek | 0.25 |
| Ptfe | 0.24 |
Specific embodiment described herein is only to present invention spirit theory for example
Bright.Those skilled in the art can be to described specific embodiment
Make various amendment or supplement or use similar mode to substitute, but without departing from
The spirit of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Although the most more employ heating arrangements 1, heat block 11, bottoming hole 12,
Nozzle bore 13, thermometer hole 14, fixing threaded hole 15, nozzle assembly 2, nozzle body 20,
Nozzle flow channel 21, shower nozzle 22, heating assembly 3, thermal resistance the 31, first wire 32,
Cooling mechanism 4, radiating tube 40, fin 41, bayonet socket 42, reducing 43, heat insulation machine
Structure 5, heat insulation connecting tube 50, big pipe 51, tubule 52, passage 53, thermocouple group
The terms such as part 6, thermocouple the 61, second wire 62, but be not precluded from using other term
Probability.Use these terms to be only used to more easily and describe and explain the present invention
Essence；Being construed as any additional restriction is all and spirit phase of the present invention
Run counter to.
Claims (6)
1. a printhead nozzle structure for 3D printer, including heating arrangements (1),
Nozzle assembly (2) and heating assembly (3), heating it is provided with in described heating arrangements (1)
Mechanism (1) connects tubular cooling mechanism (4), it is characterised in that heating arrangements (1)
And between cooling mechanism (4), it is additionally provided with heat-shield mechanism (5) and this heat-shield mechanism (5) company
Logical nozzle assembly (2) and cooling mechanism (4)；Described heat-shield mechanism (5) includes heat insulation
Connecting tube (50), described heat insulation connecting tube (50) by integrated big pipe (51) and
Tubule (52) forms, and (51) are dismountable with nozzle assembly (2) is connected for big pipe, little
(52) are dismountable with cooling mechanism (4) is connected for pipe；
Described heat-shield mechanism (5) also includes the passage (53) being located in cooling mechanism (4),
This passage (53) one end is inserted in tubule (52), and the other end is inserted into heat radiation machine
In structure (4), the inner wall of end with cooling mechanism (4) is fitted, described heat insulation connecting tube (50)
Material be Peek, the material of described passage (53) is Ptfe.
The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer the most according to claim 1, its
Being characterised by, described cooling mechanism (4) includes radiating tube (40) cylindrically, dissipates
Heat pipe (40) outer wall is evenly arranged with multi-disc fin (41), and tubule (52) is inserted into
Being spirally connected with radiating tube (40) in radiating tube (40), radiating tube (40) is away from tubule (52)
One end be provided with a bayonet socket (42), this bayonet socket (42) and radiating tube (40) end
Junction forms reducing (43), and passage (53) one end is inserted in tubule (52),
The other end is fitted with reducing (43) in being inserted into radiating tube (40).
The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer the most according to claim 2, its
Being characterised by, described heating arrangements (1) includes the heat block (11) in square column type, institute
It is provided with bottoming hole (12) in stating heat block (11) and this bottoming hole (12) runs through heating
Two sides that block (11) is opposite, described heat block is additionally provided with nozzle bore in (11)
And this nozzle bore (13) runs through another two opposite sides of heat block (11) (13)
Face, is provided with heating assembly (3), described nozzle bore (13) in described bottoming hole (12)
Inside it is provided with the nozzle assembly (2) and nozzle assembly (2) two being spirally connected with heat block (11)
End protrudes heat block (11) outer wall, is additionally provided with thermometer hole (14) in heat block (11)
And in thermometer hole (14), it is provided with the thermocouple assembly (6) that can detect nozzle assembly (2) temperature.
The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer the most according to claim 3, its
Being characterised by, described bottoming hole (12) is mutually perpendicular to nozzle bore (13) and does not connects,
A fixing threaded hole vertical with bottoming hole (12) it is additionally provided with on described heat block (11)
(15) and this fixing threaded hole (15) one end connection bottoming hole (12), the other end runs through and adds
The outer wall of hot block (11), described thermometer hole (14) is parallel with bottoming hole (12), surveys
Temperature hole (14) one end connection nozzle bore (13), the other end runs through outside heat block (11)
Wall, described heating assembly (3) includes the thermal resistance (31) being located in bottoming hole (12)
And the first wire (32) being connected with thermal resistance (31), described nozzle assembly (2) wraps
Include and there is external screw thread and centre has the nozzle body (20) of nozzle flow channel (21), described
One end of nozzle body (20) is expanded and is formed shower nozzle (22), shower nozzle (22) center
It is provided with and runs through shower nozzle (22) and the spray orifice of connection nozzle flow channel (21), the hole of this spray orifice
Footpath is less than nozzle flow channel (21), and nozzle body (20) is by nozzle bore (13) and heating
Block (11) is spirally connected and the shower nozzle (22) of nozzle body (20) is tight with heat block (11)
Patch, nozzle body (20) extends heat block (11) away from the other end of shower nozzle (22)
Outer wall is also spirally connected with big pipe (51), and described thermocouple assembly (6) includes being located at thermometer hole
(14) thermocouple (61) in, described thermocouple (61) connects the second wire (62),
Thermocouple (61) is fitted with nozzle body (20).
The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer the most according to claim 4, its
Being characterised by, described nozzle body (20) extends one end of heat block (11) outer wall
It is inserted in managing (51) greatly and big pipe (51) is spirally connected and the two ends of passage (53) are divided
Do not prop up end and the reducing (43) of nozzle body (20), the outer wall of passage (53)
Fit with the inwall of radiating tube (40).
The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer the most according to claim 4, its
Being characterised by, the aperture of described nozzle flow channel (21) is less than the aperture of passage (53).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410033304.8A CN103737935B (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410033304.8A CN103737935B (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103737935A CN103737935A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
| CN103737935B true CN103737935B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410033304.8A Expired - Fee Related CN103737935B (en) | 2014-01-23 | 2014-01-23 | The printhead nozzle structure of 3D printer |
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| CN103737935A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
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