CN1037369C - New-type piston-ring - Google Patents
New-type piston-ring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1037369C CN1037369C CN93104725A CN93104725A CN1037369C CN 1037369 C CN1037369 C CN 1037369C CN 93104725 A CN93104725 A CN 93104725A CN 93104725 A CN93104725 A CN 93104725A CN 1037369 C CN1037369 C CN 1037369C
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- Prior art keywords
- cell rings
- ring
- opening
- ring body
- piston ring
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a novel piston ring which aims to overcome the defects of low sealing performance, etc. of the existing piston rings and has the advantages of tight seal, long service life, low cost and easy popularization. The novel piston ring changes the basic structural principle of a piston ring. A tension element is installed in a position adjacent to an opening of a single circular ring, and the tension of the tension element is applied to two closed end heads along the tangential direction, so that the tension of the piston ring is obtained. The tension element can justly block the leakage of working substances from closed ports along the radial direction, and two single circular rings are superimposed together to form the novel piston ring. Tests of the piston ring used in a steam engine of a steam locomotive indicate that the locomotive traction force is increased by more than 20%. The manufacturing cost of the piston ring is lowered by more than 50%, and material is saved by more than 40%.
Description
The invention belongs to mechanical engineering field, relate to the sealing technique between piston and the cylinder, relate in particular to the cell rings and the piston ring thereof that are used for piston ring.
At present, single annulus open type piston ring that the extensive use full-metallic is made in the reciprocating machine (as steamer, internal-combustion engine, compressor, sucking machine etc.), its expansive force is that ring body is through self producing after the inside and outside round secondary operations, require ring body that good wear resistance and elasticity are arranged, generally all select gray cast iron manufacturing for use.Along with the development of technology, require machinery under high speed, high temperature, high efficiency, to work day by day, its piston ring is exactly main weak link.For the sealability and the working life of improving piston ring, people have proposed many imaginations, scheme and patent, especially the patent that proposes on the combining form of the opening form of piston ring and several single annulus is more, even " fully-sealed piston ring " patent proposed, though these imaginations and improvement can improve some performance of piston ring to a certain extent, but its comprehensive benefit is not good enough, is difficult to extensive use.As a kind of piston ring of being put down in writing for patent document EP-A1-0059233 number, set up wedge-shaped element at the ring body opening.This element is contained in the hole radially, piston ring groove bottom, its wedge shape head under the spring pressure effect, along the radially outward roof pressure of opening on two terminations of piston ring ring body.Though reducing, this piston ring sews, increase expansive force, but there is following problem: owing to the angle between the inclined-plane, ring body two ends changes with the opened gap size in assembling with in using, so wedge-shaped element head two inclined-planes and ring body two inclined-planes can not stably fit.Therefore, opening does not reach sealing in design.Because wedge-shaped element can hinder piston ring ring body moving in piston ring groove, makes the stressed instability in ring body end, thereby influences the sealing and the working life of piston ring, and make it should not bear radial load.Because ring body opening two ends is subjected to the effect of the radial force that wedge-shaped element applies, eccentric wear will take place in its end cylindrical working surface, and casing wall also may be thrusted straightly in the pinnacle of wedge-shaped element, pulls cylinder sleeve.Because gap-clearance of piston rings place must be contained in the fixed position in the piston ring groove, then inconvenient assembly and disassembly.Since must perforate on piston, the intensity and the sealing of piston will be influenced.A kind of piston ring of being put down in writing for patent document EP-A1-0214321 number for another example, it is made up of two cell rings and a support spring, two cell rings are superimposed together, and the angle that makes the line in two opening and the cell rings center of circle is 180 °, the support spring support is located on the whole circumference of ring body inner headed face, the opening of cell rings is taked the mode of two ends radial overlap, carries out radial seal with the circular arc surface of contact.The equal property of the sealing of this piston ring and expansive force has all improved, but its problem is: the lucky applying of the inside and outside arcuate surface of opening circular shape surface of contact is a unsure state, along with the variation in assembling and use split shed gap, this place can produce the slit, causes and sews.Therefore, require the rigidity of opening ring body enough little, it is enough big that distortion is wanted, could be closely connected.This will increase the manufacture difficulty of ring body.This piston ring also has following shortcoming: the distance between piston ring ring body inner headed face and the piston ring groove bottom surface is bigger, makes its heat dispersion poor.Between ring body and the support spring slide relative is arranged, easy to wear.The piston ring groove bottom surface is provided with support spring, makes it be not suitable for bearing radial load.The intensification of piston ring groove will reduce the intensity of piston.Having set up long spring will raise the cost.In sum, the major defect of piston ring that at present can extensive use is not realize hermetically sealedly in the design, and cylindrical working surface and opening all have sews, and working life is short, manufacturing process complexity, cost height.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cell rings and piston ring thereof that is used for piston ring, the good airproof performance of this device, stable performance, long service life, simultaneously simple in structure, be easy to make, with low cost.
The present invention takes to realize its purpose by the superimposed method of forming piston ring of cell rings.Cell rings of the present invention is to constitute like this: open a mouth on the single annulus that has only a side chamfering on the excircle, be provided with hole or groove at this opening end wherein along the tangential direction at its this place of annulus, pressure spring is arranged in hole or the groove, and stay at the bottom of hole or groove with an end of spring, the other end of spring stays on the end relative with an end that is provided with hole or groove, make opened gap that the trend of increasing be arranged, thereby obtain the expansive force of cell rings, and installing is used for the leak stopping pad of this opening on the termination of ring body, thereby make opening sewing and to be blocked by the end face of another superimposed ring body with it radially, the material of its each parts is specifically selected according to its operating conditions, in present steamer and internal-combustion engine, ring body can be used alloy aluminum, middle-carbon steel or gray cast iron, spring can be used the 50CrVA alloy spring steel, and the leak stopping pad can be made with middle-carbon steel.
The piston ring that uses as compression ring of the present invention is to constitute like this: with two identical cell rings of the present invention use that is superimposed together, and make the diameter of cell rings ring body its cylindrical working surface under free state littler than cylinder sleeve internal diameter, both ends of the surface with no chamfering on its ring body excircle are superimposed, the angle that makes the line in the two cell rings openings and the center of circle is more than 90 °, preventing working medium vertically, radially or along chamfering place on the ring body excircle flow to opening, thereby realize the sealing of opening.The opened gap of cell rings has the trend of increasing because of the tension force effect that pressure spring is arranged, thereby force ring body cylindrical working surface closely connected on casing wall, and make on the cylindrical working surface and corresponding additional pressure stress to occur, make its wear resistance improve and can reduce to fracture to improve its stress phase.
The piston ring that uses as oil ring of the present invention is to constitute like this: two identical cell rings of the present invention are clipped the use that is stacked together of a spacer ring, and make the diameter of cell rings ring body its cylindrical working surface under free state littler than cylinder sleeve internal diameter, with the end face of no chamfering on each cell rings ring body excircle all towards oil scraped off axially, the angle of the line in the two cell rings ring body openings and the center of circle is more than 90 °, the opened gap of cell rings has the trend of increasing because of the tension force effect of pressure spring, thereby force the cylindrical working surface closely connected on casing wall, form additional pressure stress on the round outside simultaneously working surface, to improve its stress phase.Spacer ring is its circle body that opening arranged packing ring of undulate in the axial direction, with its axial elastic force two cell rings is supportted respectively on two sidewalls that are located at piston ring groove, makes two ring bodies spaced apart, and the oil that the scrapes spacer ring of radially flowing through enters the piston spill port.The material of spacer ring is a spring steel.
The present invention has realized that piston ring designs in whole using process hermetically sealed, and promptly to sew area be zero to theory, thereby improve actual sealing effect.Adopted the method for new generation expansive force, improved contact applying degree and stress phase on the cylindrical working surface, thereby prolonged working life, avoided having simplified manufacturing process, reduced cost for obtaining the secondary operations of expansive force to the ring body inside and outside circle.Improve 20% through test tractive force on steam locomotive, the piston ring cost reduces by 50%, and material economy is more than 40%.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the front view that is used for the cell rings of piston ring of the present invention.This figure can be used as Figure of abstract;
Fig. 2 is the side view that is used for the cell rings of piston ring of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the side-looking part sectioned view that is used for the spacer ring of piston ring of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of a kind of piston ring of the present invention, and this piston ring uses as compression ring usually.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of another kind of piston ring of the present invention, and this piston ring uses as oil ring usually.
Embodiment in Fig. 1 or the cell rings that is used for piston ring shown in Figure 2, this cell rings is by ring body (1), spring (2) and leak stopping pad (3) are formed, ring body (1) is to be formed behind place's opening by the single annulus that has only a side chamfering on the excircle, tangential direction along annulus is provided with hole or groove at this place at this opening end wherein, pressure spring (2) is arranged in this hole or the groove, and stay at the bottom of hole or groove with an end of spring (2), the other end of spring (2) stays on the end relative with an end that is provided with hole or groove, and installs the leak stopping pad (3) that is used for this opening on the termination of ring body (1).Because the tension force effect of spring (2) strengthens the opened gap of ring body (1), the expansive force of generation unit ring thus, and expansive force can evenly be distributed along circumference, force cylindrical working surface and casing wall closely connected.Because the pressure effect of piston ring groove bottom working medium makes leak stopping pad (3) more closely connected with the applying of ring body (1), block working medium thus opening sewing radially.Can form compression ring by cell rings, also can form oil ring and use.The material of cell rings should be selected according to concrete operating conditions, and ring body in present steamer and internal-combustion engine (1) can be selected alloy aluminum, middle-carbon steel or gray cast iron for use.Spring (2) can be selected the 50CrVA alloy spring steel for use, and leak stopping pad (3) can be selected the middle-carbon steel manufacturing for use.The form of pressure spring and leak stopping pad can specifically according to the size of ring body sectional shape and opened gap be determined.
In Fig. 3, spacer ring (4) is a waveform packing ring that opening is arranged, circle body is undulate in the axial direction, and it is flexible, be used for separating two cell rings of oil ring, make it keep certain distance (as shown in Figure 5), because the axial elastic force effect of spacer ring can both overlay on the sidewall of piston ring groove the end face of two cell rings, be beneficial to frizing and sealing, the oil that the scrapes spacer ring of radially flowing through enters the spill port of piston ring groove bottom.Spacer ring is made with spring steel.
In the embodiment of the piston ring that uses as compression ring shown in Figure 4, compression ring is superimposed together by two identical cell rings of the present invention and constitutes, and the structure of its cell rings and Fig. 1 or cell rings shown in Figure 2 are just the same.Ring body (1), spring (2) and leak stopping pad (3) have been formed the cell rings that is used for this piston ring.Ring body (1) is formed behind place's opening by the single annulus that has only a side chamfering on the excircle, and at this opening end wherein the tangential direction along annulus is provided with hole or groove at this place, spring (2) is arranged in this hole or the groove, and stay at the bottom of hole or groove with an end of spring (2), the other end of spring (2) stays on the end relative with an end that is provided with hole or groove, and installs the leak stopping pad (3) that is used for this opening on the termination of ring body (1).Because the tension force effect of spring (2), make the opened gap of ring body (1) that the trend of increasing be arranged, produce the expansive force of piston ring thus, and expansive force can evenly be distributed along circumference, force cylindrical working surface and casing wall closely connected.Because it is tightr that the pressure effect of piston ring groove bottom working medium is fitted leak stopping pad (3) and ring body (1), block thus working medium at opening along its sewing radially.And block along its axial sewing by superimposed with it another ring body (1).Two cell rings are superimposed with the both ends of the surface of no chamfering on the excircle, and to make the angle of the line in two cell rings openings and its center of circle be more than 90 °, to prevent that working medium from flowing to opening along excircle and causing and sew through the chamfering place.Cell rings ring body (1) is its cylindrical working surface diameter (φ when free state
1) less than cylinder sleeve internal diameter (φ
2), so that produce on the cylindrical working surface and the additional accordingly pressure stress of expansive force, thereby improve its stress phase, avoid occurring tensile stress, prolonged its working life.Cast-iron piston ring to present steamer is said: φ
2-φ
1=2 φ
2* 10
-3Be advisable φ
1It is too small that the cylindrical working surface is fitted is bad; φ
1The excessive additional pressure stress that produces on the cylindrical working surface that then makes is too small; φ
1Equal φ
2Time sealing is best, but its additional pressure stress is zero.Can be different for different materials and this numerical value of service condition, all be satisfied with for making sealing effect and working life, should determine by test is concrete.
In the embodiment of the piston ring that uses as oil ring shown in Figure 5, oil ring clips a spacer ring (4) formation that is stacked together by two identical cell rings of the present invention.The structure of spacer ring (4) as shown in Figure 3, it is a waveform packing ring that opening is arranged, circle body is undulate in the axial direction, and flexible, makes with spring steel.The structure of cell rings such as Fig. 1 or shown in Figure 2, it is made up of ring body (1), spring (2) and leak stopping pad (3), ring body (1) is formed behind place's opening by the single annulus that has only a side angle on the excircle, and at this opening end wherein the tangential direction along annulus is provided with hole or groove at this place, spring (2) is arranged in this hole or the groove, and stay at the bottom of hole or groove with an end of spring (2), the other end of spring (2) stays on the end relative with an end that is provided with hole or groove, and installs the leak stopping pad (3) that is used for this opening on the termination of ring body (1).Because the tension force effect of spring (2), make the opened gap of ring body (1) that the trend of increasing be arranged, produce the expansive force of piston ring thus.Because the pressure effect of the working medium of piston ring groove bottom makes leak stopping pad (3) and ring body (1) fit tightr.Block working medium thus opening sewing radially.The axial direction that the both ends of the surface of no chamfering are all scraped off towards oil on the two cell rings excircles, and to make the angle of the line in the two cell rings openings and the center of circle be more than 90 °, is beneficial to all even sealing of frizing.The spacer ring (4) that is clipped between two cell rings abuts on the sidewall of piston ring groove two cell rings ring bodies (1) respectively with elastic force, makes two ring bodies (1) keep certain distance, the oil that the scrapes spacer ring (4) of radially flowing through to enter the spill port of piston ring groove bottom.Diameter (the φ of its cell rings ring body (1) its cylindrical working surface under free state
1) less than the internal diameter (φ of cylinder sleeve (6)
2), under the tension force effect of spring (2), force cylindrical working surface and cylinder sleeve (6) inwall closely connected, and make and will produce on the cylindrical working surface and the additional accordingly pressure stress of expansive force, increase the service life thereby improve its stress phase, but φ
1Too small meeting causes that the cylindrical working surface is closely connected bad, φ
1The excessive additional pressure stress that produces on the cylindrical working surface that can make again is too small, so φ
1With φ
2Difference should strengthen under the closely connected prerequisite of cylindrical working surface guaranteeing as far as possible, make its life-span also satisfied, concrete numerical value is determined by test.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of cell rings that is used for piston ring, an opening is arranged on this cell rings ring body, be provided with an element that this cell rings ring body is applied tension force at this cell rings opening at opening, it is characterized in that: at described opening, one end of opening wherein is provided with hole or groove at this place along its tangential direction, pressure spring is arranged in this hole or the groove, and stay at the bottom of hole or groove with an end of spring, the other end of spring stays on the end relative with an end that is provided with hole or groove, and installs the leak stopping pad that is used for this opening on the termination of ring body.
2, cell rings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of the ring body of described cell rings is selected alloy aluminum, middle-carbon steel or gray cast iron for use.
3, cell rings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of the spring of described cell rings is the 50CrVA alloy spring steel.
4, cell rings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the material of the leak stopping pad of described cell rings is a middle-carbon steel.
5, according to claim 1,2 or 3 or 4 described cell rings, it is characterized in that: a side of the excircle of described cell rings ring body has chamfering.
6, a kind of piston ring, described piston ring is superimposed together by the cell rings that an opening is respectively arranged on two ring bodies and constitutes, the angle of the line in described two openings and the cell rings center of circle is more than 90 °, it is characterized in that: at described opening, one end of opening wherein is provided with hole or groove at this place along its tangential direction, pressure spring is located in this hole or the groove, and stay at the bottom of hole or groove with an end of spring, the other end of spring stays on the end relative with an end that is provided with hole or groove, and installs the leak stopping pad that is used for this opening on the termination of ring body.
7, piston ring according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the diameter of each cell rings ring body its cylindrical working surface under free state is littler than cylinder sleeve internal diameter.
8, according to claim 6 or 7 described piston rings, it is characterized in that: the side at described each cell rings ring body excircle has chamfering, and two cell rings are superimposed with two end faces of no chamfering on the ring body excircle.
9, a kind of piston ring, described piston ring is superimposed together by two cell rings that respectively have an opening on ring body and constitutes, the angle of the line in described two openings and the cell rings center of circle is more than 90 °, it is characterized in that: at described opening, one end of opening wherein is provided with hole or groove at this place along its tangential direction, pressure spring is arranged in this hole or the groove, and stay at the bottom of hole or groove with an end of spring, the other end of spring stays on the end relative with an end that is provided with hole or groove, and installing is used for the leak stopping pad of this opening on the termination of ring body, clip a spacer ring between two cell rings and be stacked together, one side of the excircle of described each cell rings ring body has chamfering, has the end face of chamfering all axial towards one on the excircle of cell rings ring body.
10, piston ring according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the diameter of each cell rings ring ring body its cylindrical working surface under free state is littler than cylinder sleeve internal diameter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93104725A CN1037369C (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1993-05-10 | New-type piston-ring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93104725A CN1037369C (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1993-05-10 | New-type piston-ring |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1088296A CN1088296A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| CN1037369C true CN1037369C (en) | 1998-02-11 |
Family
ID=4985321
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93104725A Expired - Fee Related CN1037369C (en) | 1993-05-10 | 1993-05-10 | New-type piston-ring |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1037369C (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100453252C (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-01-21 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Method for processing split-type shaft system distribution oil ring |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102732935A (en) * | 2012-07-22 | 2012-10-17 | 宁波市镇海怡福莱文化创意有限公司 | Electromagnetic fishing tool |
| WO2017065120A1 (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-20 | Nok株式会社 | Seal ring |
| CN112178107B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2022-04-08 | 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | Elastic combined piston ring and squeeze film damper thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0059233A1 (en) * | 1981-06-16 | 1982-09-08 | Bruno Gianini | Piston with piston ring |
| EP0214321A1 (en) * | 1985-09-02 | 1987-03-18 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Sealing arrangement for a refrigerator displacement compressor |
-
1993
- 1993-05-10 CN CN93104725A patent/CN1037369C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0059233A1 (en) * | 1981-06-16 | 1982-09-08 | Bruno Gianini | Piston with piston ring |
| EP0214321A1 (en) * | 1985-09-02 | 1987-03-18 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Sealing arrangement for a refrigerator displacement compressor |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100453252C (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-01-21 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Method for processing split-type shaft system distribution oil ring |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1088296A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
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