CN103731344A - 6LOWPAN Internet-of-things gateway based on linux application layer and achieving method - Google Patents
6LOWPAN Internet-of-things gateway based on linux application layer and achieving method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a 6LOWPAN Internet-of-things gateway based on a linux application layer and an achieving method. The Internet-of-things gateway comprises a development platform and a wireless radio frequency module. The achieving method includes the steps that a data pack of accessing nodes in a 6LOWPAN wireless sensor network is received by an Ethernet port of the 6LOWPAN Internet-of-things gateway, an Ethernet data pack format is converted to a 6LOWPAN Internet-of-things format by the linux application layer, and then the data pack is sent out through the wireless radio frequency module; similarly, the wireless radio frequency module is monitored by the linux application layer at the same time, the data pack in the 6LOWPAN wireless sensor network is received, and the format of the data pack is converted to an Ethernet data pack format through the linux application layer and sent out through the Ethernet port. The 6LOWPAN Internet-of-things gateway based on the linux application layer is good in portability, easy to redevelop, strong in expandability, and more environmentally friendly because less hardware is used.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the method that makes the Internet and 6LOWPAN network communication in internet of things service, particularly a kind of 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway and implementation method based on linux application layer.
Background technology
Internet of Things (The Internet of things) is by information sensing equipment such as radio-frequency (RF) identification (RFID), infrared inductor, global positioning system, laser scanner and gas sensors, by the agreement of agreement, any article are connected with the Internet, carry out information exchange and communicate by letter, to realize a kind of network of intellectuality identification, location, tracking, monitoring and management to article.The core of technology of Internet of things and basis are Internet technologies, are extension on Internet basic and the network of expansion.
Internet couples together people and all object, and Internet of Things couples together person to person, people and thing, thing and thing.Although the concept of Internet of Things just had blank before more than ten years, want to set up Internet of Things in ideal and also have a lot of Technology Needs perfect, such as safety, addressing, standard, access way, bioengineering etc.Only have by these technological progresses and put into effect unified standard, can obtain the Internet of Things of a justice and customer-centric.
Technology of Internet of things covering scope is extremely wide, comprises the transducer that possesses " inherent intelligence ", mobile terminal, intelligent grid, industrial system, building control system, home intelligent facility and video monitoring system etc., " external enabling " sundry assets (Enabled) (as sticks RFID, bar coded sticker), the individual of portable radio terminal and vehicle etc. " intelligent object or animal " or " SMART DUST ", realize by various wireless and/or wired long distance and/or short distance communication networks interconnect (M2M), apply integrated greatly (Grand Integration), and the operation of the SaaS based on cloud computing isotype, in Intranet, private network, and/or under internet environment, adopt suitable security assurance information mechanism, provide safety controlled and even personalized real time on-line monitoring, location is reviewed, alarm linkage, dispatch control, program management, Long-distance Control, safety precaution, long-range repair and maintenance, online upgrading, statistical report form, decision support, the management and service functions such as leader's desktop, realization is " efficient to " all things on earth ", energy-conservation, safety, environmental protection " " pipe, control, battalion " integrated.
Wireless sensor network is taken on link legacy network important task in Internet of Things.
Wireless sensor network, as the core industry of Internet of Things industry, can significantly drive many periphery industry developments, should have like this effect of touching briefly on the essentials with wireless sensor network attach most importance to the industry of the close growth point of bed to the support of Internet of Things.
Wireless sensor network is in industry, agricultural, and military affairs, environment, medical treatment, the fields such as traffic have a wide range of applications, and his scale has extension, and function has complicated, and application also has expansion and intersects.This has caused wireless sensor network itself to be had higher requirement.Be mainly reflected in now three aspects: the first, the communication of massive wireless sensor and management; The second, the point-to-point communication of arbitrary node between multiple wireless sensor networks; The 3rd, the integrated and seamless link of wireless sensor network and wired IP network.
Wireless sensor network has " ubiquitous " and the feature such as number of nodes is huge, disposes the address resource that wireless sensor network needs enormous amount.And as Next Generation Internet solution-IPV6 technology, can provide the address of magnanimity, and day by day ripe, comparatively successfully solved the existing problem of IPV4, become the standard of Next Generation Internet.So wireless senser and IPV6 combination, be one and well select.
Nowadays scheme the most popular, that the most effectively realize wireless sensor network and IPv6 combination is 6LOWPAN wireless sensor network.For example: the internet-of-things terminal of Chinese patent application < < based on IPv6 and the communication means > > (.CN102857968A.2013 of Nanjing Univ. of Posts and Telecommunications) of internet host.
The shortcoming of prior art: the internet-of-things terminal based on IPv6 and internet host communication means, first this technology is not used the standard (6LOWPAN protocol stack transport layer can adopt TCP, and specific standards is with reference to figure 1) of 6LOWPAN protocol stack; Things-internet gateway comprises two large core processing capacity modules, and first module is Ethernet interface, and this interface is the interface between gateway and the Internet, and second module is wireless radio interface, and this interface is the interface between gateway and 6LOWPAN network.Things-internet gateway possesses this two interface functions simultaneously, could realize very easily interconnecting between Internet of Things and the Internet.(specific implementation module references Fig. 2), this technical requirement things-internet gateway equipment need to have two MCU(microcontrollers), process 6LOWPAN network data for one, process Ethernet data for one, this is a kind of waste resource and not environmental protection.This technology extensibility is not strong simultaneously, if added new application layer protocol in 6lowpan protocol stack, this technology is not just supported.
For 6LOWPAN wireless sensor network and internet communication, design a kind of 6LOWPAN gateway of internet of things and implementation method based on linux application layer very necessary.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the conversion between a kind of packet of ethernet format and the packet of 6LOWPAN Internet of Things form, 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway and implementation method based on linux application layer.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway based on linux application layer, be characterized in: described things-internet gateway comprises development platform and wireless radio frequency modules, described development platform comprises Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module, SPI module, IEEE802.15.4 transmitting-receiving bag module, application layer process module and 6LOWPAN logic processing module, in described application layer process module, be provided with compressed and decompressed module, described wireless radio frequency modules comprises radio frequency chip; The Internet is connected with application layer process module by Ethernet network interface and described Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module, and described wireless radio frequency modules is connected with application layer process module by SPI interface and described SPI module; Described IEEE802.15.4 transmitting-receiving bag module and 6LOWPAN logic processing module are connected with application layer process module respectively, and described application layer process module and 6lowpan logic processing module are all in linux system applies layer.
The implementation method of the described 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway based on linux application layer is:
The Ethernet network interface of described 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway is received the Ethernet data bag of node in access 6LOWPAN wireless sensor network, application layer process module is given 6lowpan logic processing module by Ethernet data bag, 6lowpan logic processing module is called compressed and decompressed module in application layer process module the ethernet format of Ethernet data bag is changed into the form of 6LOWPAN Internet of Things, be IEEE802.15.4 form, then by wireless radio frequency modules, send; In like manner, 6lowpan logic processing module is monitoring wireless radio-frequency module simultaneously, receive the return data bag in 6LOWPAN wireless sensor network, described 6lowpan logic processing module is called compressed and decompressed module in application layer process module the IEEE802.15.4 formatted data bag returning is changed into Ethernet data packet format, it is IEEE802.3 form, give application layer process module, application layer process module sends to Ethernet by Ethernet network interface this return data bag again.
Described 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway in application layer by calling the bcm2835 common driver platform control wireless radio frequency modules of increasing income public.
The described method that realizes 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway is specifically:
First step: 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway is received the request of ethernet user's visit data, Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module is monitored linux protocol stack in real time;
Second step: once there be packet to arrive, Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module joins the packet of receiving in wired packet receiving queue, for application layer processing module;
Third step: application layer process module is taken out packet in real time from wired packet receiving queue, judge whether packet issues Internet of things node, if issue node, processes data packet delivery to compressed and decompressed module; If not, do not deal with;
The 4th step: the packet that compressed and decompressed module passes over application layer compresses processing, after having compressed, passes to 6lowpan logic processing module the IEEE802.15.4 form message after compression;
The 5th step: the message that 6lowpan logic processing module was compressed compressed and decompressed module, joins wireless giving out a contract for a project in queue;
The 6th step: the wireless queue of giving out a contract for a project of detection that SPI module is real-time, if there is packet to send, SPI module can be taken out packet from the wireless queue of giving out a contract for a project, and is written to giving out a contract for a project in register of wireless radio frequency modules;
The 7th step: wireless radio frequency modules detects in the register of giving out a contract for a project packet, packet is issued to radio node;
The 8th step: radio node is received user's access request, makes and replying user's access, sends response message to 6lowpan things-internet gateway;
The 9th step: wireless radio frequency modules is received the packet that wireless senser returns, in the packet receiving register of packet existence itself;
The tenth step: SPI module detects the packet receiving register of wireless radio frequency modules in real time, if there is packet, takes out this packet and puts in wireless packet receiving queue;
The 11 step: whether 6lowpan logic processing module detects wireless packet receiving queue in real time packet, if had, takes out this packet, then calls compressed and decompressed module these data are processed;
The 12 step: 6lowpan logic processing module is called compressed and decompressed module and decompressed, and what returned after having decompressed is the message of an Ethernet data form, now gives application layer process resume module this ethernet format message again;
The 13 step: the message after application layer process module decompresses compressed and decompressed user module joins wired giving out a contract for a project in queue after processing;
The 14 step: Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module is taken out packet from wired queue of giving out a contract for a project, and sends from Ethernet network interface, returns to user.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, transplantability is good
Such as: traditional 6LOWPAN network of realizing is to use contiki operating system, but all will carry out a large amount of transplanting when different radio radio-frequency module is used contiki operating system, revise, and drives and also needs again to develop, and these are not to be easy to develop.In Fig. 6, can find out that all drivings in the present invention program are all with the public driving of increasing income of bcm2835, the present invention need to not drive for the exploitation of different radio radio frequency chip, only needs exact connect ion SPI interface.
2, exploitation is easy again
This programme is realized in linux application layer, if thought, again develops and is easy to.Such as: 6LOWPAN Internet of Things application layer has had new agreement, and this programme can add this new agreement easily.Only need to add the conversion to this agreement in 6lowpan logic processing module.
3, extensibility is strong
Wireless radio frequency modules is generally divided into 2.4GHZ and lower than 1GHZ, this programme is applicable to all wireless radio frequency modules.
4, standard more
The 6lowpan Internet of Things standard more that this programme is realized, as can be seen from Figure 1.
5, reduce more environmental protection of hardware
In application layer, realize 6lowpan Internet of Things and compare with traditional wireless radio frequency modules, wireless radio frequency modules does not need MCU processor, makes product environmental protection more.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is 6LOWPAN protocol stack diagram.
Fig. 2 is things-internet gateway structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the described first to the 7th step data exchange current journey figure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is described the 8th step to the 14 step data exchange current journey figure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that things-internet gateway of the present invention calls 6lowpan network data program frame figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail.
The main core of the present invention is to realize the conversion between ethernet format packet and 6LOWPAN Internet of Things formatted data bag in linux application layer.
As previously described, 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway is realized 6LOWPAN protocol stack in linux application layer exactly, and the present invention can make to realize communication between the node in Ethernet and 6LOWPAN wireless sensor network.
The present invention develops in the application layer of linux operating system, linux application layer modification of program ethernet format packet and 6LOWPAN protocol stack packet allow realizes mutual communication between the two, and its concrete enforcement is described as an example of 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway example.
Embodiment:
1, prepare the hardware of things-internet gateway
First need to prepare two class hardware, first ARM hardware platform, the ARM platform that the present invention adopts is raspberry group, and it two is radio frequency chips, and radio frequency chip adopts the chip of the CC2420 model of Texas Instrument.
ARM development platform is that raspberry is sent public plate, and what chip adopted is the chip of broadcom, has two class interfaces, and one is Ethernet network interface, and one is SPI interface.Ethernet interface is the interface of being responsible between the Internet, i.e. IEEE802.3 interface, and SPI interface is the interface that connects radio frequency chip.
Radio frequency chip adopts the CC2420 of Texas Instrument, the radio frequency chip of CC2520 or other 802.15.4 types, and the radio band of employing is 2.4GHz, this frequency range is international frequency range.
2, connect wireless radio frequency modules and Networking Platform
After being ready to hardware, the hardware of preparing need to be connected into an entirety, make it to form the Networking Platform that can move 6lowpan kernel program, because the CC2420 radio frequency chip adopting is SPI interface, connect and also need to connect according to the standard of SPI interface so, the SPI interface connecting method of standard, please refer to SPI basic principle.
3, public SPI interface driver is installed
The design SPI driving of general things-internet gateway and below SPI basic function interface are the things an aspect, in driving layer.It is to adopt the bcm2835 common driver platform of increasing income public that the present invention drives layer, and it has strengthened the extensibility of program so separately in one deck, and the development of driving aspect, by the driving platform of public bcm2835, can be simplified in another one aspect.The framework of the whole program of things-internet gateway is as Fig. 5.This driving can be downloaded on the net and install.
4, write SPI operational module
Write the basic function interface of SPI operation chip, this function interface, for writing radio receiving transmitting module service, belongs to the comparatively work of bottom.Another one aspect, if general ARM or single-chip microcomputer platform, the basic function interface of this SPI operation chip is the work of driving aspect, or this part code must be burnt on hardware.And the present invention has directly called the function of last point of driving aspect to complete basic function interface.
Basic function interface is divided into three parts, and first is Command instruction, this instruction be directly give chip register set, reach the effect that register key state is set.Second is WriteReg instruction, and this instruction is to write the some values of certain register of chip, and this is to provide an interface of writing general register value.The 3rd is ReadReg instruction, and this instruction is to read the numerical value of preserving in certain register, and a numerical value of reading some register is provided.Concrete function is realized can be with reference to SPI basic principle and realization.
5, write IEEE802.15.4 transceiver module
Write this module, mainly by creating a thread, the real-time packet reading in hardware is placed in oneself packet receiving queue, the packet in real-time inspection transmit queue, and a handle packet of giving out a contract for a project in queue call SPI operational module this data packet delivery to radio frequency chip.By this thread, data can be passed to radio frequency chip, and from radio frequency chip, obtain the data that chip receives.Concrete transmitting-receiving detail with reference CC2420 chip transceiving data details.
6, write 6lowpan logic processing module
Writing this module, is mainly to realize realizing 6LOWPAN protocol stack in linux application layer, according to RFC6282, realizes compressed and decompressed, IP fragmentation and reassembly function, according to RFC6550, realizes RPL function.From Fig. 2-Fig. 4, can find out that 6lowpan logic processing module is to connect Ethernet transceiver module and IEEE802.15.4 transceiver module.The packet that Ethernet receives, if the destination address of access is terminal, just the data of this packet and length are passed to the squeeze operation in 6lowpan logic processing module, 6lowpan consensus standard is followed in squeeze operation, so that obtain the data of ethernet format, be converted to IEEE802.15.4 formatted data, its processing method is: the Option Field that has a lot of acquiescences in IPv6 head, these fields take up room, generally be defaulted as 0 or a fixing characteristic value, can to it, compress according to these default properties like this, the prefix of IPv6 address is if the prefix of things-internet gateway regulation simultaneously, also can reduce the shared byte number of prefix, by compressing these acquiescence feature field, packet is carried out to length control.When field has been done to compression, doing packed record, be marked in compact token field, compact token field only has two bytes.In IPv6 head, can have by packed field: Traffic Class, Next Header, Hop Limit, IPv6 address, source and object IPv6 address etc.Compress ideal situation, the head of 40 bytes can be given and is compressed into 4 bytes.By compression, reduce to send the size of wirelessly transmitting data bag like this, thereby reduce energy consumption.
If the packet after data compression is greater than 127 bytes, just carry out Fragmentation, Ethernet data bag just changes into 6lowpan packet like this, then calls IEEE802.15.4 transceiver module interface and passes to this module.In like manner, if have data in IEEE802.15.4 transceiver module transmit queue, the data of this packet and length are passed to 6lowpan logic processing module, 6lowpan logic processing module judges whether burst of these data, if there is burst first to carry out reorganization operation, then decompress, so just 6lowpan packet is changed into Ethernet data bag, finally call Ethernet transceiver module interface and pass to this module.Decompression process is: according to the compressed item in compact token field, reduce, the process of reduction is the inverse process of compression process, field after compression is reduced according to the concrete meaning of one's words, head after compression is reduced to the standard I Pv6 head of 40 bytes, the process of reduction is referred to as to decompress.
The compressed and decompressed method of 6lowpan has been international standard, and normative document is RFC6282, and 6lowpan gateway of the present invention has just been continued to use this standard.
The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to the known prior art of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (4)
1. the 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway based on linux application layer, it is characterized in that: described things-internet gateway comprises development platform and wireless radio frequency modules, described development platform comprises Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module, SPI module, IEEE802.15.4 transmitting-receiving bag module, application layer process module and 6LOWPAN logic processing module, in described application layer process module, be provided with compressed and decompressed module, described wireless radio frequency modules comprises radio frequency chip; The Internet is connected with application layer process module by Ethernet network interface and described Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module, and described wireless radio frequency modules is connected with application layer process module by SPI interface and described SPI module; Described IEEE802.15.4 transmitting-receiving bag module and 6LOWPAN logic processing module are connected with application layer process module respectively, and described application layer process module and 6lowpan logic processing module are all in linux system applies layer.
2. one kind is utilized the implementation method of the 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway based on linux application layer described in claim 1 to be:
The Ethernet network interface of described 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway is received the Ethernet data bag of node in access 6LOWPAN wireless sensor network, application layer process module is given 6lowpan logic processing module by Ethernet data bag, 6lowpan logic processing module is called compressed and decompressed module in application layer process module the ethernet format of Ethernet data bag is changed into the form of 6LOWPAN Internet of Things, be IEEE802.15.4 form, then by wireless radio frequency modules, send; In like manner, 6lowpan logic processing module is monitoring wireless radio-frequency module simultaneously, receive the return data bag in 6LOWPAN wireless sensor network, described 6lowpan logic processing module is called compressed and decompressed module in application layer process module the IEEE802.15.4 formatted data bag returning is changed into Ethernet data packet format, it is IEEE802.3 form, give application layer process module, application layer process module sends to Ethernet by Ethernet network interface this return data bag again.
3. the implementation method of the 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway based on linux application layer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway in application layer by calling the bcm2835 common driver platform control wireless radio frequency modules of increasing income public.
4. the implementation method of the 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway based on linux application layer as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the method for the described 6LOWPAN of realization things-internet gateway specifically:
First step: 6LOWPAN things-internet gateway is received the request of ethernet user's visit data, Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module is monitored linux protocol stack in real time;
Second step: once there be packet to arrive, Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module joins the packet of receiving in wired packet receiving queue, for application layer processing module;
Third step: application layer process module is taken out packet in real time from wired packet receiving queue, judge whether packet issues Internet of things node, if issue node, processes data packet delivery to compressed and decompressed module; If not, do not deal with;
The 4th step: the packet that compressed and decompressed module passes over application layer compresses processing, after having compressed, passes to 6lowpan logic processing module the IEEE802.15.4 form message after compression;
The 5th step: the message that 6lowpan logic processing module was compressed compressed and decompressed module, joins wireless giving out a contract for a project in queue;
The 6th step: the wireless queue of giving out a contract for a project of detection that SPI module is real-time, if there is packet to send, SPI module can be taken out packet from the wireless queue of giving out a contract for a project, and is written to giving out a contract for a project in register of wireless radio frequency modules;
The 7th step: wireless radio frequency modules detects in the register of giving out a contract for a project packet, packet is issued to radio node;
The 8th step: radio node is received user's access request, makes and replying user's access, sends response message to 6lowpan things-internet gateway;
The 9th step: wireless radio frequency modules is received the packet that wireless senser returns, in the packet receiving register of packet existence itself;
The tenth step: SPI module detects the packet receiving register of wireless radio frequency modules in real time, if there is packet, takes out this packet and puts in wireless packet receiving queue;
The 11 step: whether 6lowpan logic processing module detects wireless packet receiving queue in real time packet, if had, takes out this packet, then calls compressed and decompressed module these data are processed;
The 12 step: 6lowpan logic processing module is called compressed and decompressed module and decompressed, and what returned after having decompressed is the message of an Ethernet data form, now gives application layer process resume module this ethernet format message again;
The 13 step: the message after application layer process module decompresses compressed and decompressed user module joins wired giving out a contract for a project in queue after processing;
The 14 step: Ethernet transmitting-receiving bag module is taken out packet from wired queue of giving out a contract for a project, and sends from Ethernet network interface, returns to user.
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| CN108184219A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-06-19 | 绍兴心越科技有限公司 | A kind of 6LoWPAN wireless sensor networks research/development platform |
| CN114205773A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-03-18 | 成都农业科技职业学院 | 6LoWPAN gateway and application |
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