CN103730729A - Array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system - Google Patents
Array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103730729A CN103730729A CN201410002661.8A CN201410002661A CN103730729A CN 103730729 A CN103730729 A CN 103730729A CN 201410002661 A CN201410002661 A CN 201410002661A CN 103730729 A CN103730729 A CN 103730729A
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Abstract
The invention provides an array antenna structure for a millimeter wave imaging system. The array antenna structure for the millimeter wave imaging system comprises a metal cavity, a transmitting antenna array and a receiving antenna array, wherein the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array are located on the same side of the metal cavity in a spaced mode. The array antenna structure further comprises a U-shaped metal isolation structure. The U-shaped metal isolation structure is fixed to the portion, between the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array, of the metal cavity. According to the array antenna structure for the millimeter wave imaging system, the absorptive metal isolation structure is utilized, so that the coupling between a receiving channel and a transmitting channel is obviously reduced, the imaging quality of the imaging system is good, the structure is stable, cost is low, and implementation is easy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to millimeter wave imaging system field, relate to a kind of array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system.
Background technology
Millimeter wave imaging system develops into now, and its research contents mainly concentrates on: the improvement of millimeter wave imaging system device performance used, and the improvement of Scan Architecture, the more trial of high band, various material electromagnetic parameters are determined, and the aspect such as the raising of imaging algorithm.From the angle of application, high-resolution, the performance such as reliable and stable, be the development trend of millimeter wave imaging system.For realizing such system, the improvement of device performance, engineering design method and algorithm is the inevitable course.
Active millimeter wave imaging system is based on millimeter wave principle of reflection, utilize reflect millimeter to scan detection to human body, can in the situation that directly not contacting human body, effectively detect contraband and the dangerous material concealed under human body clothing, as gun, cutter, explosive, drugs etc., and show testing result in the mode of image, can meet the human body safety check demand in the places such as airport, station, critical point, land route, important rally activity.
Active millimetre-wave circuit front-end module is the core of active millimeter wave imaging system, mainly by the generation of millimeter wave, transmit and receive three parts and form.Millimeter wave transceiving performance of front end plays key effect to whole imaging system performance.Transmitting antenna array is comprised of 64 antennas, each transmitting antenna time-sharing work under the control of system, launch successively the tested object of millimeter-wave irradiation of certain frequency, some strength, after the reflection of Millimeter Wave via object, by the receiving antenna array being formed by 64 antennas, received successively, and carry out with local oscillation signal the I/Q orthogonal signalling that mixing obtains.For realizing three-dimensional imaging, also need millimeter wave transceiving module can in a broadband, transmit and receive the millimeter wave of different frequency.
Between adjacent antenna, mutual coupling is the problem that array antenna exists always.Isolation between dual-mode antenna battle array directly has influence on the image quality of millimeter wave, and therefore increase measure improves to transmit the electromagnetic leakage of receive path is necessary.The method that solves transmitting-receiving isolation generally has: frequency isolation, time isolation, polarization isolation and space isolation etc.Wherein the transmitting-receiving of frequency isolation adopts different frequency, just can solve transmitting-receiving isolating problem.Time insulation request transmits and receives in different time and carries out.Frequency isolation and time isolation are not all suitable for imaging system.It is orthogonal that polarization isolation requires to transmit and receive antenna polarization, but cross-polarized existence makes the method not obvious.Structure isolation refers to the spacing increasing between dual-mode antenna, and spacing increasing is twice, and isolation can improve 6dB, but increasing spacing between dual-mode antenna will be subject to the restriction of locus.
Therefore, provide a kind of new array antenna structure, strengthening isolation effect between dual-mode antenna array, make imaging system obtain good image quality to be necessary.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system, for solving, isolates badly between prior art dual-mode antenna, affects the problem of millimeter wave imaging system image quality.
For achieving the above object and other relevant objects, the invention provides a kind of array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system, comprise a metallic cavity and discrete transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array that is arranged at described metallic cavity one side, described array antenna structure also comprises a U-shaped metal isolation structure, and described U-shaped metal isolation structure is fixed between described transmitting antenna array and described receiving antenna array in metallic cavity.
Alternatively, the spacing of described U-shaped metal isolation structure is less than the half of distance between described transmitting antenna array and described receiving antenna array.
Alternatively, the length of described U-shaped metal isolation moat structure equals the length of described transmitting antenna array.
Alternatively, the both side surface of described U-shaped metal isolation structure is provided with material of absorbing millimeter wave layer.
Further, described material of absorbing millimeter wave layer is silicone material, and thickness is less than 2.5mm.
Alternatively, described transmitting antenna array both sides and described receiving antenna array both sides are equipped with rigid foam dielectric material plate; The dielectric constant of described rigid foam dielectric material plate is less than 3, and modulus of elasticity is greater than 700MPa.
Further, described rigid foam dielectric material plate is Polymethacrylimide material.
Alternatively, described transmitting antenna array is comprised of some transmission antenna unit, and each transmission antenna unit is corresponding, and riches all the way penetrates passage, between described transmission antenna unit spacing be a free space wavelength; Described receiving antenna array is comprised of some reception antennas unit, the corresponding road receive path in each reception antenna unit, between described reception antenna unit spacing be a free space wavelength.
Further, described transmission antenna unit and described reception antenna unit are linear polarization gradual change type gap microstrip antenna.
Further, described transmitting antenna array comprises 64 transmission antenna unit, and wherein riches all the way penetrates antenna for every 8 transmission antenna unit composition; Described receiving antenna array comprises 64 reception antenna unit, and wherein every 8 reception antenna unit form a road reception antenna.
Further, described array antenna structure is controlled respectively the timesharing excitation of each road transmitting antenna and each road reception antenna by being arranged at emission switch array in described metallic cavity and receiving key array, to realize the function of each passage receiving and transmitting signal.
As mentioned above, array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect: (1) the present invention arranges U-shaped metal isolation structure between antenna receiving-sending passage, can reduce the mutual coupling between adjacent antenna, the near field electromagnetic reducing between dual-mode antenna disturbs, and effectively improves the isolation between dual-mode antenna system.(2) both side surface of described U-shaped metal isolation structure is further provided with material of absorbing millimeter wave layer, and decay, due to the non-specular surface scattering that surface wave causes, reduces the reflections affect of U-shaped metal isolation structure to aerial radiation, absorbs the antenna with side radiation direction of antenna.(3) described transmitting antenna array and described receiving antenna array are fixed by rigid foam dielectric material plate; the dielectric constant of this rigid foam dielectric material plate approaches the dielectric constant of air; can in imaging system mechanical scanning process in the vertical direction, protect antenna; prevent microstrip antenna generation deformation; reduce because microvibration causes antenna radiation performance unstable; and do not change the far-field radiation performance of antenna; simultaneously; this rigid foam dielectric material plate is lightweight, stable performance, is easy to assemble with antenna system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shown as the cutaway view of the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is shown as the end view of the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is shown as the cutaway view of U-shaped metal isolation structure.
Fig. 4 is shown as the schematic diagram of the 1*8 array antenna unit of the hilted broadsword eight throw switch controls that encapsulated by single module.
Fig. 5 is shown as the transceiver channel isolation that does not add isolation structure.
Fig. 6 is shown as the dual-mode antenna channel isolation adding after U-shaped metal isolation structure.
Fig. 7 is shown as the overall structure block diagram of the transmitting-receiving subsystem of millimeter wave imaging system.
Element numbers explanation
1 metallic cavity
2 transmitting antenna arrays
3 receiving antenna arrays
4 U-shaped metal isolation structures
5 rigid foam dielectric material plates
6 material of absorbing millimeter wave layers
7 emission switch arrays
8 receiving key arrays
9 transmitting terminals
10 receiving terminals
The spacing of the U-shaped metal isolation structure of d
The U-shaped metal isolation structure of t side plate thickness
Embodiment
Below, by specific instantiation explanation embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily by the disclosed content of this specification.The present invention can also be implemented or be applied by other different embodiment, and the every details in this specification also can be based on different viewpoints and application, carries out various modifications or change not deviating under spirit of the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 7.It should be noted that, the diagram providing in the present embodiment only illustrates basic conception of the present invention in a schematic way, satisfy and only show with assembly relevant in the present invention in graphic but not component count, shape and size drafting while implementing according to reality, during its actual enforcement, kenel, quantity and the ratio of each assembly can be a kind of random change, and its assembly layout kenel also may be more complicated.
The invention provides a kind of array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system, Fig. 1 is shown as the cutaway view of this array antenna structure, comprises a metallic cavity 1 and discrete transmitting antenna array 2 and the receiving antenna array 3 that is arranged at described metallic cavity 1 one sides; Described array antenna structure also comprises a U-shaped metal isolation structure 4, and described U-shaped metal isolation structure 4 is fixed between described transmitting antenna array 2 and described receiving antenna array 3 in metallic cavity 1.
Concrete, described transmitting antenna array 2 is comprised of some transmission antenna unit, and each transmission antenna unit is corresponding, and riches all the way penetrates passage; Between described transmission antenna unit spacing be a free space wavelength.Herein, a free space wavelength refers to the corresponding wavelength of described array antenna structure transmit frequency band centre frequency.
Described receiving antenna array 3 is comprised of some reception antennas unit, the corresponding road receive path in each reception antenna unit, between described reception antenna unit spacing be also a free space wavelength.
As example, described transmission antenna unit and described reception antenna unit all adopt linear polarization gradual change type gap microstrip antenna.
Refer to again Fig. 2, be shown as the end view of the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, described transmitting antenna array 2 both sides and described receiving antenna array 3 both sides are equipped with rigid foam dielectric material plate 5; The dielectric constant of described rigid foam dielectric material plate is less than 3, and modulus of elasticity is greater than 700MPa.
The dielectric constant of described rigid foam dielectric material plate 5 approaches the dielectric constant of air; there is higher hardness; fix transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array with this rigid foam dielectric material plate; can in imaging system mechanical scanning process in the vertical direction, protect antenna; prevent microstrip antenna generation deformation; reduce because microvibration causes antenna radiation performance unstable; and do not change the far-field radiation performance of antenna; simultaneously; this rigid foam dielectric material plate is lightweight, stable performance, is easy to assemble with antenna system.
In the present embodiment, described rigid foam dielectric material plate 5 preferably adopts Polymethacrylimide material.Polymethacrylimide (polymethacrylimide, PMI) foamed plastics is the rigid foam of a kind of lightweight, closed pore, it,, take methacrylic acid (MAA) and methacrylonitrile (MAN) copolymer as matrix resin, has good mechanical property, heat distortion temperature and chemical stability.The dielectric constant of Polymethacrylimide material, between 1.05～1.13, closer to air, does not affect the radiance of antenna itself.
Refer to Fig. 3, be shown as the cutaway view of described U-shaped metal isolation structure 4.Described U-shaped metal isolation structure 4 can reduce the mutual coupling between adjacent antenna, and the near field electromagnetic reducing between dual-mode antenna disturbs, and effectively improves the isolation between dual-mode antenna system.Spacing d and the described U-shaped metal isolation structure side plate thickness t of described U-shaped metal isolation structure have been shown in Fig. 3.The difference requiring according to Optical Resolution of Imaging System, in described array antenna structure, distance between described transmitting antenna array 2 and described receiving antenna array can have different designing requirements, in the present invention, the spacing d of described U-shaped metal isolation structure is less than the half of distance between described transmitting antenna array 2 and described receiving antenna array 3.As example, in the present embodiment, described U-shaped metal isolation structure 4 is positioned at the centre of described transmitting antenna array 2 and described receiving antenna array 3, and the spacing d of described U-shaped metal isolation structure is 10mm, and described U-shaped metal isolation structure side plate thickness t is 1mm.
The length of described U-shaped metal isolation moat structure 4 is longer, and isolation effect is better, still, described U-shaped metal isolation moat structure 4 can not be oversize, the long radiance that will affect antenna of length, changes the angle of radiation of antenna and causes antenna direction overturning angle.In the present embodiment, the length of described U-shaped metal isolation moat structure 4 is preferably the length that equals described transmitting antenna array 2, flushes with described transmitting antenna array 2 outsides, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
As shown in Figure 3, the both side surface of described U-shaped metal isolation structure 4 is further provided with material of absorbing millimeter wave layer 6, forms U-shaped absorbability metal partition plate structure.Because U-shaped metal isolation structure 4 surfaces can produce surface current, producing surface wave affects the performance of antenna, therefore in described U-shaped metal isolation structure 4 both side surface, stick or be coated with the above material of absorbing millimeter wave layer 6, the non-specular surface scattering causing due to surface wave can decay, the antenna with side radiation direction that absorbs antenna, reduces the reflections affect of U-shaped metal isolation structure 4 to aerial radiation.
Described material of absorbing millimeter wave layer 6 preferably adopts silicone material.Silicones (Silicone resin), formal name used at school polyorganosiloxane resin, is to have highly cross-linked cancellated polysiloxane, has the double grading of organic resin and inorganic material concurrently, has unique physical and chemical performance.In the present invention, described material of absorbing millimeter wave layer 6 thickness are less than 2.5mm, are preferably and are less than 1mm, and feature is non-conductive, ultra-thin, good toughness, broadband.As example, described material of absorbing millimeter wave layer 6 adopts the silicones of 0.25mm.
Described array antenna structure is controlled respectively the timesharing excitation of each road transmitting antenna and each road reception antenna by being arranged at emission switch array in described metallic cavity 1 and receiving key array, to realize the function of each passage receiving and transmitting signal.As example, described transmitting antenna array 2 comprises 64 transmission antenna unit, and wherein riches all the way penetrates antenna for every 8 transmission antenna unit composition; Described receiving antenna array 3 comprises 64 reception antenna unit, and wherein every 8 reception antenna unit form a road reception antenna.Refer to Fig. 4, be shown as the schematic diagram of the 1*8 array antenna unit of the hilted broadsword eight throw switch controls that encapsulated by single module.In other embodiments, the number of transmission antenna unit and receiving antenna array also can be adjusted, and should too not limit the scope of the invention.
Array antenna structure of the present invention is for the leading portion array antenna system of millimeter wave imaging system.Due to imaging resolution requirement, make the distance between transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array less, and the vertical beamwidth of gap microstrip antenna reaches 40 °, therefore, if do not add isolation structure, reception antenna can directly receive transmitting antenna adjacent between coupling signal, can reach-30dBm of its amplitude, thereby make the electromagnetic interference between dual-mode antenna very large, have influence on echo signal of intermediate frequency, worsen imaging effect.
Refer to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, be shown as respectively and do not add the transceiver channel isolation of isolation structure and add the dual-mode antenna channel isolation curve after U-shaped metal isolation structure.As shown in Figure 5, while not adding isolation structure between transmitting antenna array and receiving antenna array, in frequency, be 30GHz place, be respectively-48dB(s of adjacent antenna transceiver channel isolation (1,3) port) and-52dB(s (1,2) port).As shown in Figure 6, between transmitting antenna array of the present invention and receiving antenna array, adding after U-shaped absorbability partition plate structure, is 30GHz place in frequency, be respectively-68dB(s of adjacent antenna transceiver channel isolation (1,3) port) and-75dB(s (1,2) port).Array antenna structure of the present invention is not compared with adding the antenna structure of isolation structure, and isolation has increased respectively 20dB and 23dB, illustrates that array antenna structure of the present invention can effectively increase the isolation between adjacent antenna transceiver channel.
Refer to Fig. 7, be shown as the overall structure block diagram of the transmitting-receiving subsystem of millimeter wave imaging system, comprise emission switch array 7 and receiving key array 8, described emission switch array 7 one end connect transmitting terminal 9, the other end connects transmitting antenna array 2, described receiving key array one termination receiving terminal 10, another termination receiving antenna array 3.Described emission switch array 7 and receiving key array 8 are controlled the excitation of adjacent antenna, its effect can realize each transmitting antenna time-sharing work, send successively the tested object of millimeter-wave irradiation of certain frequency, some strength, after the reflection of Millimeter Wave via object, by the receiving antenna array being formed by 64 antennas, received successively, and carry out mixing with local oscillation signal and obtain I/Q output orthogonal signal.Mm-wave imaging front end transmitting-receiving subsystem is carried out the switching between millimeter wave transceiving front end and millimeter wave transceiving aerial array by millimeter wave switch tree, carry out the electronic scanning of one dimension horizontal direction, be aided with the mechanical scanning of vertical direction simultaneously, thereby realize the two-dimensional scan to imaging scene, output-response target amplitude and phase information, can be for the signal of mm-wave imaging algorithm process.
Array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system of the present invention utilizes absorbability metal isolation structure, not only can significantly reduce the coupling between transceiver channel, makes imaging system obtain good image quality, and Stability Analysis of Structures, cost low, be easy to realize.
In sum, array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system of the present invention arranges U-shaped metal isolation structure between antenna receiving-sending passage, can reduce the mutual coupling between transmitting antenna and reception antenna, the near field electromagnetic reducing between dual-mode antenna disturbs, and effectively improves the isolation between dual-mode antenna system.The both side surface of U-shaped metal isolation structure is further provided with material of absorbing millimeter wave layer, the non-specular surface scattering causing due to surface wave has decayed, improved the electromagnetic leakage transmitting to receive path, the near field electromagnetic reducing between dual-mode antenna disturbs, make the near field mutual coupling of dual-mode antenna be reduced to minimum, the U-shaped metal isolation structure of this absorption-type can make the isolation between transceiver channel improve 20dB.In addition; in array antenna structure of the present invention; described transmitting antenna array and described receiving antenna array are fixed by rigid foam dielectric material plate; the dielectric constant of this rigid foam dielectric material plate approaches the dielectric constant of air; can in imaging system mechanical scanning process in the vertical direction, protect antenna; prevent microstrip antenna generation deformation; reduce because microvibration causes antenna radiation performance unstable; and do not change the far-field radiation performance of antenna; simultaneously; this rigid foam dielectric material plate is lightweight, stable performance, is easy to assemble with antenna system.So the present invention has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can, under spirit of the present invention and category, modify or change above-described embodiment.Therefore, such as in affiliated technical field, have and conventionally know that the knowledgeable, not departing from all equivalence modifications that complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought or changing, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system, comprise a metallic cavity and discrete transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array that is arranged at described metallic cavity one side, it is characterized in that: described array antenna structure also comprises a U-shaped metal isolation structure, described U-shaped metal isolation structure is fixed between described transmitting antenna array and described receiving antenna array in metallic cavity.
2. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the spacing of described U-shaped metal isolation structure is less than the half of distance between described transmitting antenna array and described receiving antenna array.
3. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length of described U-shaped metal isolation moat structure equals the length of described transmitting antenna array.
4. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the both side surface of described U-shaped metal isolation structure is provided with material of absorbing millimeter wave layer.
5. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described material of absorbing millimeter wave layer is silicone material, and thickness is less than 2.5mm.
6. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described transmitting antenna array both sides and described receiving antenna array both sides are equipped with rigid foam dielectric material plate; The dielectric constant of described rigid foam dielectric material plate is less than 3, and modulus of elasticity is greater than 700MPa.
7. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described rigid foam dielectric material plate is Polymethacrylimide material.
8. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described transmitting antenna array is comprised of some transmission antenna unit, each transmission antenna unit is corresponding, and riches all the way penetrates passage, between described transmission antenna unit spacing be a free space wavelength; Described receiving antenna array is comprised of some reception antennas unit, the corresponding road receive path in each reception antenna unit, between described reception antenna unit spacing be a free space wavelength.
9. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described transmission antenna unit and described reception antenna unit are linear polarization gradual change type gap microstrip antenna.
10. the array antenna structure for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described transmitting antenna array comprises 64 transmission antenna unit, and wherein riches all the way penetrates antenna for every 8 transmission antenna unit composition; Described receiving antenna array comprises 64 reception antenna unit, and wherein every 8 reception antenna unit form a road reception antenna.
11. array antenna structures for millimeter wave imaging system according to claim 10, it is characterized in that: described array antenna structure is controlled respectively the timesharing excitation of each road transmitting antenna and each road reception antenna by being arranged at emission switch array in described metallic cavity and receiving key array, to realize the function of each passage receiving and transmitting signal.
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| CN104320568A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Microwave camera |
| CN105305077A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-03 | 南京健瑞电子科技有限公司 | Antenna system and active millimeter wave imaging device |
| WO2017152862A1 (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system and communication device |
| CN108631067A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-09 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | A kind of antenna structure and communication terminal |
| CN108923120A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-30 | 西安恒帆电子科技有限公司 | A kind of transmit-receive switch antenna array module for active millimeter wave imaging system |
| CN112002987A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-27 | 珠海微度芯创科技有限责任公司 | AIP chip, dual-polarized antenna and millimeter wave imaging system |
| CN112909540A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-06-04 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Antenna device and equipment |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104320568A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-01-28 | 武汉理工大学 | Microwave camera |
| CN104320568B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2017-11-17 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of microwave camera |
| CN105305077A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-03 | 南京健瑞电子科技有限公司 | Antenna system and active millimeter wave imaging device |
| WO2017152862A1 (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-09-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna system and communication device |
| CN108631067A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-09 | 宇龙计算机通信科技(深圳)有限公司 | A kind of antenna structure and communication terminal |
| CN108923120A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-11-30 | 西安恒帆电子科技有限公司 | A kind of transmit-receive switch antenna array module for active millimeter wave imaging system |
| CN112909540A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-06-04 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Antenna device and equipment |
| CN112909540B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2023-08-22 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Antenna device and equipment |
| CN112002987A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-27 | 珠海微度芯创科技有限责任公司 | AIP chip, dual-polarized antenna and millimeter wave imaging system |
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Application publication date: 20140416 |