CN103729505B - CFD (computational fluid dynamics) based method for computing equivalent length of valve - Google Patents
CFD (computational fluid dynamics) based method for computing equivalent length of valve Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) based method for computing equivalent length of a valve. The method includes the steps: establishing a three-dimensional assembly model of the valve, after an extension section is added to an entry and exit position of the valve model, importing the model into CFD software, working out pressure values of multiple working conditions by analog calculation of the CFD software and computing corresponding pressure differences; according to the pressure differences, respectively computing multiple flow coefficient values through a formula, and then computing an average flow coefficient value; computing an equivalent length value of the valve through a formula. Flow performance data of the valve are obtained by the aid of CFD technological analogue simulation, only drawings are needed to be used for completion in a virtual prototype phase in the initial stage of development, and the situations that manpower and material resources are wasted and development cycle is prolonged due to the fact that the valve must be manufactured and subjected to test measurement in order to detect flow performance of the valve in the prior art are avoided, so that development efficiency is greatly improved and cost is saved by the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of computational methods of valve negotiability, specifically a kind of valve equivalent based on cfd
Length calculation method.
Background technology
The equivalent length (l/d) of valve is an important parameter weighing valve negotiability, passes through for characterizing fluid
Pressure loss during valve, the pressure loss that its numerical value more novel free flow body passes through valve is less, and the negotiability of valve is got over
Good.
But at present, the equivalent length (l/d) of valve calculates and mainly also utilizes flow resistance test method, such as Chinese patent literature
Disclose a kind of measuring method of valve flow in cn103076048a, comprise the following steps: a, measurement discharge coefficient: measurement valve
The discharge coefficient in each aperture for the door, by discharge coefficient record during each aperture；B, measurement pressure reduction: measurement valve is forward and backward
The pressure reduction at end；C, calculated flow rate: using formula calculated flow rate, q is the valve flow of current valve aperture, kv opens for current valve
The discharge coefficient of degree, δ p are the pressure reduction between the valve nose of current valve aperture and rear end.Step b described in the method
The middle pressure reduction using common measuring cell, the front-end and back-end of valve being measured respectively, obtaining valve front and back ends.It solves
The existing flow measurement device suitability is not high, the problem of flow measurement that is cannot being applied to valve.
After this method mainly carries out layout design according to Conventional wisdom or simple formula, produce model machine immediately and carry out
Flow resistance is tested, and obtains the pressure differential that valve is imported and exported, then carries out the calculating of equivalent length by formula；This method cannot be
The design initial stage be model machine produce before obtain equivalent length value, after advanced development carries out flow resistance test, could find designed by sample
Whether machine meets valve trafficability performance requirement, changes it is necessary to redesign when meeting and require, manufactures experimently more new parts, then
Assembling model machine repeats to test, thus bringing the experimentation cost in later stage to increase, wastes substantial amounts of manpower and materials；Meanwhile, the class of valve
Type, structural shape and size are different, various in style, measure calculating by test method to each specification valve, so no
Increase the construction cycle of product between shape, increased development cost, reduce the market competitiveness of enterprise.
With the development of computer modeling technique, the negotiability of valve can simulate calculating by cfd software,
Cfd software (computational fluid dynamics), i.e. computational fluid dynamicses, abbreviation cfd, it is with electronic computer
For instrument, apply the mathematical method of various discretizations, all kinds of problems of Fluid Mechanics carry out numerical experiment, computer mould fits
Analysis and research, to solve various practical problems.
Content of the invention
For this reason, the present invention solves to calculate valve equivalent length using test method in prior art, efficiency is low opening of causing
Send out cycle length and the high problem of development cost, thus proposing a kind of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd, in design just
Phase calculates valve equivalent length by cfd simulation method, improves development efficiency, cost-effective.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd of the present invention are using following
Scheme:
A kind of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd, comprise the following steps:
(1) set up the three-dimensional entire assembly model of valve, and add extension in valve body import and export；
(2) three-dimensional entire assembly model is imported cfd software, generate runner model, carry out stress and strain model, enter in runner model
Mouth arranges multiple volume flow boundary conditions, and outlet pressure is set to 0, and simulation respectively calculates the pressure of multiple imports accordingly
Value, and calculate multiple inlet and outlet pressure differences accordingly；
(3) according to described pressure difference value, multiple discharge coefficient values are calculated respectively by formula, then calculates average discharge
Coefficient value；
(4) according to the average flow coefficient value above calculating gained, calculate the equivalent length value of valve by formula.
Described step (1) particularly as follows: before import lengthening degree be 3-5 times of flow diameter extension, after outlet, lengthening degree is
The extension of 6-10 times of flow diameter.
When also including the three-dimensional entire assembly model setting up valve in described step (1), remove do not affect runner generate and
The part being not directly contacted with fluid media (medium) and the tiny parts not affecting result of calculation, only set up the three-dimensional mould of runner closing
Type.
Described step (2) also includes, and during setting volume flow boundary condition, corresponding import volumetric flow units are according to concrete
Valve inside nominal diameter in corresponding scope equal difference choose.
Setting volume flow boundary condition when it is ensured that inlet flow rate in speed for 3-8m/s it is ensured that produce completely turbulent flow,
Minimum Reynolds number is not less than 4 × 104.
Described step (2) is particularly as follows: when arranging volume flow boundary condition, arrange three to seven kinds of operating modes.
Simulation calculates corresponding pressure value and calculates the step of pressure difference value particularly as follows: in cfd in described step (2)
In software, fluid is set as incompressible fluid, chooses κ-ε turbulence model, analysis mode is set as steady-state analysis, utilize
Automatically convergence criterion determines iteration ends, solves step number and is set to 1000 times, then multiple operating modes are solved respectively, obtains stream
Body speed and pressure distribution cloud atlas, extract, by data, the valve inlet and outlet pressure difference obtaining corresponding to each operating mode.
Described step (3) is particularly as follows: adopt below equation to calculate flow coefficient value c according to pressure difference valuev,
Wherein: q is volume flow, unit m3/h；ρ is the relative density (taking ρ=1) of water；δ p is pressure difference value；
Calculate discharge coefficient value c of multiple operating modes againvAverage flow coefficient value cvavg
Described step (4) particularly as follows: calculate the equivalent length l/d of valve, l/d=2.175 × 10 according to below equation-3
×d4/(ft·cvavg),
Wherein: cvavgFor average flow coefficient value, d is the internal diameter of valve pressure grade corresponding specification pipeline, ftFor
Coefficient of frictional resistance under turbulent flow completely for the schedule40 cleaning steel pipe, l/d is valve equivalent length.
Also include being compared with the limit value of technical requirements by the equivalent length value calculating gained, when calculating, gained equivalent is long
When degree is more than limit value, then Optimal Design of Runner System is carried out according to fluid analysis result, repeat above-mentioned steps and carry out equivalent length meter
Calculate, until drawing the equivalent length value of no more than limit value.
The technique scheme of the present invention has the advantage that compared to existing technology
(1) a kind of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd of the present invention, comprise the following steps: set up valve
The three-dimensional entire assembly model of door, and add extension in valve body import and export；Three-dimensional entire assembly model is imported cfd software, generates
Runner model, carries out stress and strain model, arranges multiple volume flow boundary conditions in runner Model Inlet, and outlet pressure is set to 0,
Simulation calculates corresponding pressure value and calculates multiple pressure difference values respectively；According to described pressure difference value, by formula difference
Calculate multiple discharge coefficient values, then calculate average flow coefficient value；According to the average flow coefficient value above calculating gained,
Calculate the equivalent length value of valve；This method to obtain the data of valve by the way of cfd technology analogue simulation, by many
Secondary simulation different flow environment, obtains a relatively accurate discharge coefficient value, then can be calculated equivalent by formula
Length value；The method only needs to just can complete using drawing in initial stage of development, it is to avoid in order to detect valve in prior art
Trafficability performance it is necessary to valve manufacture out and is measured, cause wasting manpower and material resources, also extend the R＆D cycle, institute
Development efficiency is substantially increased with this method, cost-effective.
(2) a kind of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd of the present invention, before import, lengthening degree is 3-5 times
The extension of flow diameter, after outlet, lengthening degree is the extension of 6-10 times of flow diameter；Added extension can allow fluid be situated between
Matter attains full development, and measuring point can reach stable state, and makes calculating stable.
(3) a kind of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd of the present invention, also include setting up the three-dimensional of valve
During entire assembly model, removing is not affected runner and generates and the part that is not directly contacted with fluid media (medium) and do not affect result of calculation
Tiny parts, only set up the threedimensional model of runner closing, remove these unnecessary parts to avoid bringing impact to measurement,
Certainty of measurement can be improved, and being capable of Simplified analysis process.
(4) a kind of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd of the present invention, also include working as by calculating gained
Amount length value is compared with the limit value of technical requirements, when calculating gained equivalent length more than limit value, then according to fluid analysis
Result carries out Optimal Design of Runner System, repeats above-mentioned steps and carries out equivalent length calculating, until drawing the equivalent of no more than limit value
It can be determined that whether the trafficability performance of valve meets design requirement till length value, predict potential risks, and can be according to result
It is optimized design, the cost that so not only can reduce advanced development cost and save prototype test, and product can be shortened
Construction cycle.
Brief description
In order that present disclosure is more likely to be clearly understood, specific embodiment below according to the present invention simultaneously combines
Accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the runner figure of one specific embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional entire assembly model figure of one specific embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional model diagram after the process of one specific embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the velocity flow profile cloud atlas of the operating mode two in one specific embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the pressure distribution cloud atlas of the operating mode two in one specific embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of specific embodiment of of the present invention valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd is provided below.
Embodiment 1
A kind of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps:
Set up the three-dimensional entire assembly model of valve, this method preferably sets up the three-dimensional assembling of valve using three-dimensional software solidworks
Body Model, such as Fig. 2 are the valve three-dimensional entire assembly model of a specific embodiment；Calculating process to simplify the analysis, is not affecting point
On the premise of analysis result, remove the part not affecting that runner is generated and is not directly contacted with fluid media (medium), and do not affect to calculate
The tiny parts of result, only set up the threedimensional model of runner closing.Simultaneously in order to allow fluid media (medium) to attain full development, measuring point
Stable state can be reached, and make calculating stable, need to add extension in valve body import and export, before import, lengthening degree is 3 times
The extension of flow diameter, after outlet, lengthening degree is the extension of 6 times of flow diameters, the embodiment party that can convert as other
Formula, import front end can also select 3-5 times of extension, can also select 6-10 times of extension, eventually form after outlet
Threedimensional model for setting up runner saves as * .x_t file, and model is as shown in Figure 3.
The above-mentioned threedimensional model for setting up runner is imported cfd software cfdesign, generates runner model, carry out automatically
Stress and strain model, size adjustment is set to 0.75, and the border number of plies is set to 4；In runner Model Inlet, multiple volumes are set
Flow boundary condition, corresponding import volumetric flow units should equal difference be chosen within the specific limits, and such as setting 3, in concrete application
Chosen according to the inside nominal diameter difference according to valve, as shown in table below.
Outlet pressure is set to 0, respectively simulation calculate every kind of under the conditions of corresponding pressure, then calculate multiple pressure
Difference；According to described pressure difference value, multiple discharge coefficient values are calculated respectively by formula, then calculates average flow coefficient
Value；
According to the average flow coefficient value above calculating gained, calculate the equivalent length value of valve；This method adopts cfd
Flow and pressure difference data to obtain valve for the mode of software emulation simulation, and it is calculated equivalent length it is only necessary to develop
Initial stage just can complete using drawing, it is to avoid in order to detect the trafficability performance of valve it is necessary to by valve manufacture in prior art
Out and measure, cause wasting manpower and material resources, also extend the R＆D cycle, so this method substantially increases exploitation effect
Rate, cost-effective.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of a kind of described in embodiment 1 is based on the valve equivalent length computational methods of cfd, volume flow is set
It is ensured that inlet flow rate is in the range of rational speed 3-8m/s during boundary condition, to ensure to produce complete turbulent flow, minimum thunder simultaneously
Promise number is not less than 4 × 104, outlet pressure is set to 0；For the stop valve of inside nominal diameter dn25, volume flow perimeter strip is set
During part, corresponding import volumetric flow units equal difference in 4-12m3/h chooses 5 values, obtains five kinds of operating modes:
Design condition one: inlet face setting volume flow q1=4m3/h；Exit face arranges pressure p=0；
Design condition two: inlet face setting volume flow q2=6m3/h；Exit face arranges pressure p=0；
Design condition three: inlet face setting volume flow q3=8m3/h；Exit face arranges pressure p=0；
Design condition four: inlet face setting volume flow q3=10m3/h；Exit face arranges pressure p=0；
Design condition five: inlet face setting volume flow q3=12m3/h；Exit face arranges pressure p=0；
Fluid is set as incompressible fluid, using κ-ε turbulence model, analysis mode is steady-state analysis.In order to allow iteration
Fully carry out, to determine iteration ends, asked using automatic convergence criterion (automatic convergence assessment)
Solution step number is set to 1000 times.Then 5 operating modes are solved respectively, the embodiment that can convert as other, calculate work
Condition can also choose 3-7 operating mode.
Calculated according to cfd simulation above, fluid velocity and the pressure distribution cloud atlas of each operating mode can be obtained, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 divides
Not Wei the fluid velocity of operating mode two and pressure distribution cloud atlas, from cfd program, then extract the destination file of * .sum suffix, should
Have the valve inlet pressure value of each design condition corresponding in destination file because outlet pressure p is set to 0, thus obtain into
Outlet pressure difference.Again five discharge coefficient values of five operating modes can be obtained it is ensured that each operating mode by following computing formula
Discharge coefficient value fluctuates in a certain numerical value, otherwise changes inlet flow rate and recalculates；Then calculate valve flow coefficient
Arithmetic mean of instantaneous value cvavg, as the discharge coefficient value of valve, result of calculation is as shown in the table for this meansigma methods.
Discharge coefficient cv computing formula:
Wherein: q is volume flow, unit m3/h；ρ is the relative density (taking ρ=1) of water；
δ p is pressure reduction, unit kpa；
Valve flow coefficient result of calculation table
Discharge coefficient value c according to above multiple operating modesvArithmetic mean of instantaneous value cvavg=13.2, calculated by following computing formula
The equivalent length of valve.
L/d=2.175 × 10-3×d4/(ft·cvavg)=2.175 × 10-3×(26.64)4/(0.023×13.22)=
275
Wherein: cvavgFor valve average flow coefficient, d is the internal diameter of valve pressure grade corresponding specification pipeline, d=
26.64mm；ftFor schedule40 cleaning steel pipe completely turbulent flow under coefficient of frictional resistance, dimensionless, can be according to valve
Inside nominal diameter is obtained by looking into following table, ft=0.023
Embodiment 3
In the embodiment above it is achieved that valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd, design initial stage, place in valve
In the virtual prototype stage, in addition it is also necessary to determine whether whether this equivalent length meets requirement after calculating this equivalent length, such as
Fruit meets and requires, then carrying out development and production according to design before, if being unsatisfactory for requiring, needing to carry out flow passage structure excellent
Change.Specific implementation is: the equivalent length value calculating gained is compared with the limit value of technical requirements, according to correlation technique
Require, limit value herein is to be limited according to different valve types, such as stop valve, the limit value of check-valves require as 340, above-mentioned reality
The equivalent length applying the stop valve of latus rectum dn25 in example 2 calculates as 275, and the limit value that this numerical value is significantly less than stop valve requires
340, therefore can show that the trafficability performance of this stop valve reaches requirement it is not necessary to carry out Optimal Design of Runner System again, meet and produce
Needs, can be produced.Also have the limit value of some other conventional valve, the such as limit of swing check valve in practical application
It is worth for 135, butterfly valve: when latus rectum is for 50-200mm, limit value is 45, when latus rectum is for 250-350mm, limit value is 35.
When the equivalent length calculating gained is more than certain limit value, then Optimal Design of Runner System is carried out according to fluid analysis result,
Repeat above-mentioned steps and carry out equivalent length calculating, until drawing the equivalent length value of no more than limit value it can be determined that valve
Whether trafficability performance meets design requirement, predicts potential risks, and can be optimized design according to result, so not only can subtract
Few advanced development cost and the cost saving prototype test, and the construction cycle of product can be shortened.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example, and the not restriction to embodiment.Right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description other multi-forms change or
Change.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.And the obvious change thus extended out or
Change among still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd are it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) set up the three-dimensional entire assembly model of valve, and add extension in valve body import and export；
(2) three-dimensional entire assembly model is imported cfd software, generate runner model, carry out stress and strain model, set in runner Model Inlet
Put multiple volume flow boundary conditions, outlet pressure is set to 0, simulation respectively calculates the pressure value of multiple imports accordingly,
And calculate multiple inlet and outlet pressure differences accordingly；
(3) according to described pressure difference value, multiple discharge coefficient values are calculated respectively by formula, then calculates average flow coefficient
Value；
(4) according to the average flow coefficient value above calculating gained, the equivalent length value of valve, described step are calculated by formula
Suddenly (4) particularly as follows: calculate the equivalent length l/d of valve, l/d=2.175 × 10 according to below equation-3×d4/(ft·
cvavg),
Wherein: cvavgFor average flow coefficient value, d is the internal diameter of valve pressure grade corresponding specification pipeline, ftFor schedule
Coefficient of frictional resistance under turbulent flow completely for the 40 clean steel pipes, l/d is valve equivalent length.
2. the valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd according to claim 1 are it is characterised in that described step (1)
Particularly as follows: lengthening degree is the extension of 3-5 times of flow diameter before import, after outlet, lengthening degree is the prolongation of 6-10 times of flow diameter
Section.
3. the valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd according to claim 1 and 2 are it is characterised in that in described step
When suddenly also including the three-dimensional entire assembly model setting up valve in (1), removing does not affect runner and generates and not direct with fluid media (medium)
The part of contact and the tiny parts not affecting result of calculation, only set up the threedimensional model of runner closing.
4. the valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd according to claim 3 are it is characterised in that described step (2)
Also include, during setting volume flow boundary condition, corresponding import volumetric flow units exist according to the inside nominal diameter of specific valve
In corresponding scope, equal difference is chosen.
5. the valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd according to claim 4 are it is characterised in that arrange volume flow
Amount boundary condition when it is ensured that inlet flow rate in speed for 3-8m/s it is ensured that produce completely turbulent flow, minimum Reynolds number be not less than 4
×104.
6. the valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd according to claim 5 are it is characterised in that described step (2)
Particularly as follows: during setting volume flow boundary condition, arranging three to seven kinds of operating modes.
7. the valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd according to claim 6 are it is characterised in that described step (2)
Middle simulation calculates corresponding pressure value and calculates the step of pressure difference value particularly as follows: in cfd software, fluid is set as
Incompressible fluid, chooses κ-ε turbulence model, analysis mode is set as steady-state analysis, determines to change using automatic convergence criterion
In generation, terminates, and solves step number and is set to 1000 times, then multiple operating modes are solved respectively, obtains fluid velocity and pressure distribution cloud
Figure, extracts, by data, the valve inlet and outlet pressure difference obtaining corresponding to each operating mode.
8. the valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd according to claim 7 are it is characterised in that described step (3)
Particularly as follows: adopting below equation to calculate flow coefficient value cv according to pressure difference value,
Wherein: q is volume flow, unit m3/h；ρ is the relative density of water, takes ρ=1；δ p is pressure difference value；
Calculate average flow coefficient value c of discharge coefficient value cv of multiple operating modes againvavg.
9. the valve equivalent length computational methods based on cfd according to any one of claim 4-7 are it is characterised in that go back
It is compared with the limit value of technical requirements including by the equivalent length value calculating gained, be more than limit value when calculating gained equivalent length
When, then Optimal Design of Runner System is carried out according to fluid analysis result, repeat above-mentioned steps and carry out equivalent length calculating, until drawing
Till being not more than the equivalent length value of limit value.
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| CN105653850B (en) * | 2015-12-26 | 2018-05-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for determining flow coefficient of single-flow ball valve of bridge type separate-production device for oil well layered oil production |
| CN105677964B (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2018-07-17 | 江苏神通阀门股份有限公司 | A kind of valve flow coefficient computational methods based on CFD emulation and mesh adaption |
| CN107808021B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2021-06-15 | 国核示范电站有限责任公司 | CFD-based fluid device resistance calculation method |
| CN110762268A (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2020-02-07 | 重庆川仪调节阀有限公司 | Method for designing internal dimension of regulating valve |
| CN109325265B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-03-30 | 浙江理工大学 | Design and construction method of noise reduction model of pipeline valve |
| CN109869639B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2020-12-08 | 浙江理工大学 | Method for detecting and positioning leakage point of pipeline based on elbow equivalent length of negative pressure wave method |
| CN110470859B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-04-20 | 西北工业大学 | Method for measuring direction and speed of airflow in air system |
| CN111624012B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2022-03-22 | 南京绿慧能源科技有限公司 | Ground source pipe detection device and method |
| CN111881524B (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2023-10-31 | 合肥通用机械研究院有限公司 | Valve flow characteristic simulation experiment method |
| CN113255185B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2023-05-02 | 重庆川仪调节阀有限公司 | Automatic simulation method for valve regulation characteristics |
| CN113642266A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-11-12 | 东风康明斯发动机有限公司 | Method for calculating effective flow area of EGR valve |
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