A kind of lamination mixes the preparation method of solar heat protection sandwich
Technical field
The preparation method who the present invention relates to a kind of resin base and ceramic base hybrid composite, particularly relates to the preparation method that a kind of lamination mixes solar heat protection sandwich.
Background technology
Carbon/carbon (hereinafter to be referred as C/C) matrix material, because it has the characteristic that under low density and excellent mechanical behavior under high temperature, particularly high temperature, mechanical property goes up not down, becomes the preferred material of the thermojunction member of advanced aircraft.But, very easily oxidation under C/C matrix material high temperature, oxidation can make its hole increase, structure weaken, cause the rapid reduction of intensity and other mechanical propertys, and oxidation weight loss 1%, its strength degradation reaches 10%, and (as the Throat Materials for Solid Rocket Motors of Gao Chongzhi ratio, guided missile nose cone etc.) C/C matrix material does not have required high temperature resistance ablation energy ability in extreme environment.Therefore, the high-temp antioxidizing ablation problem of C/C matrix material is the bottleneck of realizing its practical application.Good heat, the chemical stability of mechanical property by comprehensive carbon fiber excellence and ceramic matrix, prepares a kind of by thermal protection, structural bearing and the anti-oxidant new function integrated composite combining for this reason.For anti-oxidation problem, by preparation SiC coating, realize, SiC is outstanding oxidation-resistant material, has good antioxygenation, the SiO of generation
2be the most oxidation resistant known material, protect C/C matrix material by external environment, not to be oxidized when high temperature.And high temperature resistant problem, by improving in conjunction with phenolic resin-base composite, resol good heat resistance, the instantaneous ultrahigh-temperature of ability, and also more excellent through its resistance to elevated temperatures of resol of modification, be widely used in heat-resisting ablator.And its raw material abundance, low price.
Application number is that 201210149453.1 Chinese patent discloses a kind of carbon/carbon compound material SiC/C-AlPO
4the preparation method of-mullite oxidation resistant coating, is mixed to get powder A by silica flour and Graphite Powder 99; By Al
2o
3powder, WO
3powder and B
2o
3powder is mixed to get powder material B; Powder A and powder material B are mixed to get to embedding powder C; Sample is put into plumbago crucible, and add embedding powder C, plumbago crucible is put into vertical vacuum furnace, pass into argon gas and be down to room temperature after as protective atmosphere reacting by heating, after cleaning up in ultrasonic wave with dehydrated alcohol, obtain carbon/carbon compound material silicon carbide transition layer; By C-AlPO
4joining methyl alcohol with mullite powder adds iodine to obtain suspension again, this suspension is placed in water heating kettle, negative electrode is selected the carbon/carbon compound material of having prepared silicon carbide transition layer, sealing water heating kettle also puts it in ultrasonic-microwave producer, deposit rear taking-up sample, be dried to obtain carbon/carbon composite wood SiC/C-AlPO
4-mullite anti-oxidation composite coating.The compound coating of preparation can be protected C/C matrix materials 322 hours at 1500 ℃ of still airs, and oxidation weight loss is less than 2%.
Application number is the preparation method that 200910022719.4 Chinese patent discloses a kind of Improvement of The Oxidation Protective Coating For C/c Composites, treated C/C matrix material is embedded in powder, put into plumbago crucible, at 1800~2200 ℃, carry out processing for 1~3 hour, utilize Supersonic Plasma Spraying equipment by MoSi
2powder sprays to the C/C composite material surface with SiC transition layer, will be prepared with SiC/MoSi
2the C/C matrix material of coating is put into High Temperature Furnaces Heating Apparatus, at 1200~1400 ℃, heat-treats 2~6 hours.The C/C matrix material that the method prepares more than 1650 ℃ in still air anti-oxidization time by prior art, within 200 hours, bring up to 300~400 hours.
Matrix material prepared by above-mentioned two kinds of preparation methods has improved the antioxidant property of C/C matrix material, but high temperature protection problem unresolved.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of lamination to mix the preparation method of solar heat protection sandwich, it is characterized in that using graphite as liner, on its surface, be wound around or braiding C fiber formation prefabricated component, and on prefabricated component, deposit pyrolysis C formation porous C/C precast body.Remove graphite core, on precast body surface, be wound around carbon cloth or C preimpregnation cloth, deposition skim pyrolysis C interface, adopts CVI legal system for SiC matrix, forms C/SiC matrix material.The carbon cloth that is wound around preimpregnation modified alkyd resin glue liquid on wooden model surface, then coordinates with porous C/C prefabricated component internal diameter, and after hot-press solidifying, the demoulding forms phenolic resin-base composite.It is characterized in that, comprise the preparation process of following order:
1. using graphite as liner, on its surface, be wound around or braiding C fiber formation prefabricated component;
2. the source of the gas using methane or Sweet natural gas as carbon, hydrogen or argon gas, as diluent gas and carrier gas, are put into cvd furnace by the fiber preform of C described in step 1 and are deposited pyrolysis C matrix, and temperature rise rate is 8~10 ℃/min, depositing temperature is 950~1350 ℃, and depositing time is 50~150h;
3. remove graphite core, obtain porous C/C precast body, and porous insert is carried out to cleaned by ultrasonic vibration 2~4 times, then in 80~120 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 2~4h, until quality no longer changes;
4. on C/C precast body surface, be wound around carbon cloth or C preimpregnation cloth;
5. adopt CVI legal system for SiC matrix, the source of the gas using trichloromethyl silane as SiC, using hydrogen or argon gas as diluent gas and carrier gas, chemical vapor infiltration silicon carbide, CVI temperature is 1000~1300 ℃, the time is 100~350h;
6. use anhydrous alcohol solution modified phenolic resins and solidifying agent, uniform stirring resin glue, lays the carbon fiber of oven dry as in steeping vat, and the resin adhesive liquid configuring is evenly brushed on carbon cloth;
7. on wooden model surface, be wound around C fiber prepreg cloth, then coordinate with porous C/C prefabricated component internal diameter;
8. by porous C/C precast body after treatment step 7, in temperature, be then 120~150 ℃, pressure is 5~15MPa, hot-press solidifying 30~60min;
9. solidify after end the demoulding.
The present invention has advantages of: 1. adopt in chemical gaseous phase permeation process fiber reinforcement is not damaged, guaranteed integrity and the intensity of matrix material; 2. base material C/C matrix material vesicular structure has heat-blocking action; 3. outer C/SiC ceramic matric composite is that base material C/C matrix material plays oxidation protection effect, and internal layer phenolic resin-base composite improves material monolithic structural stability; 4. preparation technology is simple, and cost is low.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention, should understand these embodiment is only not used in and limits the scope of the invention for the present invention is described, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention and limit.
Embodiment 1
1. using graphite as liner, on its surface, be wound around or braiding C fiber formation prefabricated component;
2. the source of the gas using methane or Sweet natural gas as carbon, hydrogen or argon gas, as diluent gas and carrier gas, are put into cvd furnace by the fiber preform of C described in step 1 and are deposited pyrolysis C matrix, and temperature rise rate is 8 ℃/min, depositing temperature is 1150 ℃, and depositing time is 100h;
3. remove graphite core, obtain porous C/C precast body, and porous insert is carried out to cleaned by ultrasonic vibration 2 times, then in 100 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 2h, until quality no longer changes;
4. on C/C precast body surface, be wound around carbon cloth or C preimpregnation cloth;
5. adopt CVI legal system for SiC matrix, the source of the gas using trichloromethyl silane as SiC, using hydrogen or argon gas as diluent gas and carrier gas, chemical vapor infiltration silicon carbide, CVI temperature is 1100 ℃, the time is 250h;
6. use anhydrous alcohol solution modified phenolic resins and solidifying agent, uniform stirring resin glue, lays the carbon fiber of oven dry as in steeping vat, and the resin adhesive liquid configuring is evenly brushed on carbon cloth;
7. on wooden model surface, be wound around C fiber prepreg cloth, then coordinate with porous C/C prefabricated component internal diameter;
8. by porous C/C precast body after treatment step 7, in temperature, be then 130 ℃, pressure is 10MPa, hot-press solidifying 40min;
9. solidify after end the demoulding.
Embodiment 2
1. using graphite as liner, on its surface, be wound around or braiding C fiber formation prefabricated component;
2. the source of the gas using methane or Sweet natural gas as carbon, hydrogen or argon gas, as diluent gas and carrier gas, are put into cvd furnace by the fiber preform of C described in step 1 and are deposited pyrolysis C matrix, and temperature rise rate is 10 ℃/min, depositing temperature is 1150 ℃, and depositing time is 150h;
3. remove graphite core, obtain porous C/C precast body, and porous insert is carried out to cleaned by ultrasonic vibration 3 times, then in 120 ℃ of baking ovens, dry 3h, until quality no longer changes;
4. on C/C precast body surface, be wound around carbon cloth or C preimpregnation cloth;
5. adopt CVI legal system for SiC matrix, the source of the gas using trichloromethyl silane as SiC, using hydrogen or argon gas as diluent gas and carrier gas, chemical vapor infiltration silicon carbide, CVI temperature is 1200 ℃, the time is 300h;
6. use anhydrous alcohol solution modified phenolic resins and solidifying agent, uniform stirring resin glue, lays the carbon fiber of oven dry as in steeping vat, and the resin adhesive liquid configuring is evenly brushed on carbon cloth;
7. on wooden model surface, be wound around C fiber prepreg cloth, then coordinate with porous C/C prefabricated component internal diameter;
8. by porous C/C precast body after treatment step 7, in temperature, be then 140 ℃, pressure is 12MPa, hot-press solidifying 50min;
9. solidify after end the demoulding.
Above are only two embodiments of the present invention, but design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, allly utilizes this design to carry out the change of unsubstantiality to the present invention, all should belong to the behavior of invading the scope of protection of the invention.In every case be the content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, any type of simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling above embodiment done according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.