CN103713242A - Novel ultrahigh frequency sensor for positioning local discharge source space and array thereof - Google Patents
Novel ultrahigh frequency sensor for positioning local discharge source space and array thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103713242A CN103713242A CN201310739636.3A CN201310739636A CN103713242A CN 103713242 A CN103713242 A CN 103713242A CN 201310739636 A CN201310739636 A CN 201310739636A CN 103713242 A CN103713242 A CN 103713242A
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel ultrahigh frequency sensor for positioning a local discharge source space and an array of the novel ultrahigh frequency sensors. The novel ultrahigh frequency sensor comprises a spherical-conical monopole 1, an insulating supporting piece 2, a grounding metal disk 3 and an N-type connector 5 and further comprises short connecting pillars, wherein the spherical-conical monopole 1, the insulating supporting piece 2, the grounding metal disk 3 and the N-type connector 5 are sequentially connected and coaxially arranged. The two short connecting pillars 4 perpendicular to the grounding metal disk 3 are arranged on the bottom edge of a cone of the spherical-conical monopole 1, the two ends of each short connecting pillar 4 are connected with the bottom edge of the cone and the grounding metal disk 3 respectively, and the central axes of the two short connecting pillars 4 and the central axis of the spherical-conical monopole 1 are located in the same plane. Because the spherical-conical structure is adopted, the novel ultrahigh frequency sensor has the advantages of being wide in frequency band, omnibearing, high in sensitivity, low in standing-wave ratio, good in group delay consistency and the like, the requirement for detecting a discharge source in all directions can be effectively met, the space of the discharge source can be accurately positioned through the ultrahigh frequency sensor array composed of the multiple sensors, and the requirement for positioning the local discharge source space of a transformer substation can be met.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to superfrequency sensory field, particularly, relate to novel local discharge source space orientation superfrequency sensor.
Background technology
Superfrequency (ultra high frequency, UHF) method with its wide coverage, highly sensitive, can identify and the advantage such as orientation discharge source, become recent two decades emphasis and the focus of Partial Discharge Detection area research both at home and abroad.
The people such as Philip Moore of Britain Strathclyde university have proposed the thinking of superfrequency array manifold location in recent years, by 4 superfrequency sensors, form sensor array, realize detection and the space orientation of discharge source in whole transformer station.Such system simple in structure, takes full advantage of that superfrequency sensitivity is high, the advantage of wide coverage.Compare current on-line monitoring and charged checkout equipment, when meeting repair based on condition of component job requirement, aspect economy, there is obvious advantage.
Successfully realizing the sterically defined key of discharge source is superfrequency sensor, compares conventional superfrequency sensor, need to have the features such as broadband, low-loss, omnidirectional, group delay good stability, sensitivity height for sterically defined sensor.
Summary of the invention
For defect of the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of sterically defined superfrequency sensor that is exclusively used in.The structure that this sensor main body adopts sphere, taper to combine, carries out performance adjustment by specific short circuit post, and emulation and measured result all show, this sensor performance is excellent, can meet the sterically defined requirement of transformer station.
According to novel local discharge source provided by the invention space orientation superfrequency sensor, comprising: ball cone unipole antenna 1, insulated support 2, grounded metal disk 3, short circuit post 4, N connector 5;
Ball is bored unipole antenna 1, insulated support 2, grounded metal disk 3, N connector 5 connects successively and coaxially setting;
Conical base edge at ball cone unipole antenna 1 is provided with two perpendicular to the short circuit post 4 of grounded metal disk 3, the two ends of short circuit post 4 connect respectively conical base edge and grounded metal disk 3, and the axis of the axis of these two short circuit posts 4 and ball cone unipole antenna 1 is positioned at same plane.
Preferably, the material of described insulated support 2 is epoxy resin.
Preferably, H=7cm, W=14cm, h=0.2cm, wherein, H is the cone height of ball cone unipole antenna 1, and W is the circular cone bottom surface diameter of ball cone unipole antenna 1, and h is that the ball conical point of ball cone unipole antenna 1 is to rosette distance.
According to superfrequency sensor array provided by the invention, comprise the above-mentioned novel local discharge source space orientation superfrequency sensor of a plurality of array distribution.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is based on ball cone unipole antenna theoretical, designed a kind of sterically defined Novel special high frequency sensors of transformer station's shelf depreciation that can be used for.Sensor provided by the invention adopts the structure of sphere taper, there is broadband, omnidirectional, high sensitivity, standing-wave ratio (SWR) is low and the feature such as group delay high conformity, can effectively meet the requirement that discharge source omnidirectional is detected, the superfrequency sensor array being formed by a plurality of sensors, can carry out space to discharge source and accurately locate, can meet the requirement that source space location is put in office of transformer station.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reading the detailed description of non-limiting example being done with reference to the following drawings, it is more obvious that other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become:
Fig. 1 is the schematic side view of superfrequency sensor provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view of superfrequency sensor provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the standing-wave ratio (SWR) curve that traditional ball is bored sensor;
Fig. 4 is the standing-wave ratio (SWR) curve of superfrequency sensor provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the group delay curve of sensor;
Fig. 6 is that the sensor of simulation calculation is at the E of 600MHz face (XOZ plane) directional diagram;
Fig. 7 is that the sensor of simulation calculation is at the H of 600MHz face (XOY plane) directional diagram;
Fig. 8 has provided the sensitivity H of sensor
ecurve.
In figure:
1 is ball cone unipole antenna;
2 is insulated support;
3 is grounded metal disk;
4 is short circuit post;
5 is N connector.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will contribute to those skilled in the art further to understand the present invention, but not limit in any form the present invention.It should be pointed out that to those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement.These all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
In order to realize the space orientation of transformer station's discharge source, during the superfrequency sensor design that adopts in sensor array, need to consider the requirement of following several aspects:
1.1 broadband
It is wideband pulse signal that office puts, frequency can be up to several GHz, and according to the difference of defect type, the main frequency composition of Partial discharge signal differs larger, in order to meet the needs of partial discharge signal detection, superfrequency sensor need to have wider frequency band, and the operating frequency range of typical superfrequency sensor is 500MHz-1500MHz.
1.2 low reflection losses
When antenna and feeder line are unmatched time, can produce reflection loss, reflection loss is larger, and the efficiency of antenna is just lower.In order to improve the efficiency of antenna, General Requirements power attenuation is less than 10%, corresponding with this index, needs the standing-wave ratio (SWR) of antenna to be less than 2, for sterically defined superfrequency sensor standing-wave ratio (SWR), should be less than 2.
1.3 stable group delays
What group delay reflected is the response condition of sensor to broadband signal different spectral component.After broadband signal is received by sensor, if sensor differs larger to the response of each spectrum component of signal, can cause signal generation dispersion phenomenon, affect the waveform of detection signal.
To put the broadband sensor of detection for office, group delay is that constant is ideal situation, and when group delay poor stability, the office that sensor receives puts pulse waveform rising edge and can distort, and is difficult to obtain rising edge of a pulse clearly, affects the location in the source of putting of playing a game.For the needs of meeting spatial location, in engineering, General Requirements sensor has good group delay stability, and fluctuating range is less than 1ns.
1.4 isotropy
Gain is used for the intensity of quantitative description antenna electric electromagnetic wave radiation energy, according to the reciprocal theorem of antenna, gain reflection be also the intensity of antenna reception electromagnetic wave energy.The definition of superfrequency sensor gain: the ratio of the electric field intensity that directional antenna and unipole antenna produce at predetermined direction square.
Superfrequency sensor for putting space orientation for office and using, requires it in all directions, should have approximately uniform gain characteristic, i.e. isotropy, and the gain of sensor approaches 0dB.
1.5 high sensitivity
What sensitivity reflected is that sensor is converted into space electric field the ability of Voltage-output.The sensitivity H of superfrequency sensor
e(f) by following formula, defined:
V in formula (f) is antenna induction electromotive force, and E (f) is incident electromagnetic wave electric field intensity, and f is incident electromagnetic wave frequency.
Sensitivity is one of most important parameter of superfrequency sensor, has directly determined the validity of detection and positioning system.For this reason, clear and definite regulation has been done to the sensitivity of superfrequency sensor by Britain NGC company, and in the frequency range of 500MHz-1500MHz, the minimum sensitivity that surpasses 80% frequency range is not less than 2mm, and the average sensitivity of whole frequency range is not less than 6mm.
Below the design of superfrequency sensor is specifically described.
The structure of 2.1 sensors and principle of work
Superfrequency sensor provided by the invention is a kind of improved ball face conical antenna, mainly ball cone unipole antenna, insulated support, grounded metal disk, short circuit post and 50 ohm of N connectors, consists of, and its model structure as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
The sphere conical monopole antenna of prototype is a kind of broadband omni-directional antenna, does not comprise the short circuit post in Fig. 1, its lower frequency limit f
l(corresponding to VSWR≤2) (VSWR, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR)) can be calculated by following formula:
Wherein, h is the distance between conial vertex and ground connection disk, a
pfor circular cone external radius, by formula (3), calculate b
pfor spherical cone axis line, length is itself and a
pintersection point is to ball conical point distance, and W is circular cone bottom surface diameter; a
p, b
p, h, W unit is cm, f
lunit is MHz.
The ball cone unipole antenna of the present invention's design is specifically of a size of: H=7cm, and W=14cm, sensor insulated support material is epoxy resin, h=0.2cm.In the situation that not adding short circuit post, the lower limit frequency of operation that can calculate sensor according to formula (2) is 750MHz.
Adding short circuit post is to reduce sensor resonant frequency, dwindles a kind of effective ways of size sensor.For this reason, when the present invention designs, at conical base edge, increase by two symmetrical short circuit posts, thereby obtained following features:
-working band is wide, is 500MHz～2GHz;
-there is the characteristic of approximate omnidirectional;
-loss is little, and VSWR is less than 2;
-group delay is stable, and fluctuation numerical value is between 0.5-1ns;
-highly sensitive, sensitivity H
emean value is greater than 12mm.
Laboratory discharge source positioning result demonstration, the superfrequency sensor of the present invention's design can meet the needs that source space location is put in office of transformer station completely, specific as follows.
2.2 sensor parameters calculate and and performance evaluation
Fig. 3, Fig. 4 are the standing-wave ratio (SWR) curve of ball cone sensor, and wherein, Fig. 3 is the standing-wave ratio (SWR) curve that traditional ball is bored sensor, and Fig. 4 is improved ball cone sensor, has added short circuit post.In figure, dotted line is the standing-wave ratio (SWR) curve that simulation calculation obtains, and solid line is for utilizing the test of Agilent E5071C network analyzer to obtain standing-wave ratio (SWR) curve.
Emulation in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and actual measurement standing-wave ratio (SWR) curve can find out, for ball cone sensor, the frequency range that VSWR is less than 2 correspondences is 730MHz-2000MHz, and after adding short circuit post, frequency band range expands to 480MHz-2000MHz.From formula (2), for ball cone sensor, when its lower frequency limit is 480MHz, H=10.94cm, in other words, obtains identical lower frequency limit, add short circuit post make sensor size reduction 34.8%.
As shown in Figure 4, the bandwidth (VSWR≤2) of improved ball cone sensor provided by the invention has covered the main frequency scope of Partial discharge signal energy distribution.
Fig. 5 is the group delay curve of sensor, and wherein, dotted line is the result that simulation calculation obtains, and solid line is the result of Agilent E5071C network analyzer test.
As shown in Figure 5, this sensor in the frequency band range of 500MHz-2000MHz, group delay between 0.5-1ns, thereby guaranteed that wideband office puts after pulse receives by sensor, signal dispersion is little, can obtain rising edge of a pulse clearly.
Fig. 6, Fig. 7 are respectively the sensor of simulation calculation at the E of 600MHz face (XOZ plane) and H face (XOY plane) directional diagram.
Simulation result in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 can see, sensor gain (dotting) in 0 degree～360 degree directions on E face and H face, close to 0dB, has the directivity characteristics of approximate omnidirectional at E face (XOZ plane) and H face (XOY plane).
Fig. 8 has provided the sensitivity H of sensor
ecurve, as shown in Figure 8, at 500MHz-2000MHz frequency range inner sensor sensitivity H
emean value be 12.86mm, surpass 80% frequency range H
ebe greater than 2mm, meet the sensitivity requirement of Britain NGC to superfrequency sensor.
Above specific embodiments of the invention are described.It will be appreciated that, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific implementations, and those skilled in the art can make various distortion or modification within the scope of the claims, and this does not affect flesh and blood of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a novel local discharge source space orientation superfrequency sensor, is characterized in that, comprising: ball cone unipole antenna (1), insulated support (2), grounded metal disk (3), short circuit post (4), N connector (5);
Ball is bored unipole antenna (1), insulated support (2), grounded metal disk (3), N connector (5) connects successively and coaxially setting;
Conical base edge at ball cone unipole antenna (1) is provided with two perpendicular to the short circuit post (4) of grounded metal disk (3), the two ends of short circuit post (4) connect respectively conical base edge and grounded metal disk (3), and the axis of the axis of these two short circuit posts (4) and ball cone unipole antenna (1) is positioned at same plane.
2. novel local discharge source according to claim 1 space orientation superfrequency sensor, is characterized in that, the material of described insulated support (2) is epoxy resin.
3. novel local discharge source according to claim 1 space orientation superfrequency sensor, it is characterized in that, H=7cm, W=14cm, h=0.2cm, wherein, H is the cone height of ball cone unipole antenna (1), W is the circular cone bottom surface diameter of ball cone unipole antenna (1), and h is that the ball conical point of ball cone unipole antenna (1) is to rosette distance.
4. a superfrequency sensor array, is characterized in that, comprises the novel local discharge source space orientation superfrequency sensor described in any one in the claims 1 to 3 of a plurality of array distribution.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108152613A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-06-12 | 国网北京市电力公司 | A kind of UHF radio waves sensor |
| CN109061423A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2018-12-21 | 重庆大唐国际武隆水电开发有限公司 | A kind of taper partial-discharge ultrahigh-frequency sensor and its design method |
| CN109254232A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-01-22 | 国家电网有限公司 | Wedge-shaped superfrequency partial discharge sensor |
| CN109991519A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-07-09 | 上海交通大学 | Shelf depreciation direction-finding method and system based on neural network and wireless sensing array |
| CN110501620A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-11-26 | 国网陕西省电力公司咸阳供电公司 | A kind of station domain partial discharge positioning method based on signal source feature |
| CN115015708A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-06 | 南京征途信息技术有限公司 | Variable distribution omnidirectional ultrahigh frequency partial discharge sensor and method thereof |
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| CN115015708A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-06 | 南京征途信息技术有限公司 | Variable distribution omnidirectional ultrahigh frequency partial discharge sensor and method thereof |
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Inventor after: Ye Haifeng Inventor after: Hu Yue Inventor after: Xiong Jun Inventor after: Qian Yong Inventor after: Tang Lin Inventor after: Jiang Xiuchen Inventor after: Yang Sen Inventor after: Li Guangmao Inventor after: Liu Yu Inventor before: Ye Haifeng Inventor before: Qian Yong Inventor before: Hu Yue Inventor before: Tang Lin Inventor before: Jiang Xiuchen |
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Effective date of registration: 20170116 Address after: 200240 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, No. 800, No. Applicant after: Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. Applicant after: Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau Co., Ltd. Address before: 200240 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, No. 800, No. Applicant before: Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. |
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