CN103713046B - Measuring method and device for sound-proofing quantity of perforation structure assembly - Google Patents

Measuring method and device for sound-proofing quantity of perforation structure assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103713046B
CN103713046B CN201410008378.6A CN201410008378A CN103713046B CN 103713046 B CN103713046 B CN 103713046B CN 201410008378 A CN201410008378 A CN 201410008378A CN 103713046 B CN103713046 B CN 103713046B
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sound
steel plate
structure assembly
perforation structure
transmission loss
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CN103713046A (en
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黄祚华
牛时光
代素珍
肖利萍
陈旺才
王贵新
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Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen Automobile Co Ltd
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Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen Automobile Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring method and device for sound-proofing quantity of a perforation structure assembly. The measuring method comprises the steps of: collecting the sound-proofing quantity of a reference steel plate as a first sound-proofing quantity NR1 by utilizing a measuring device; directly connecting the perforation structure assembly with the reference steel plate in a sealed manner, or connecting the perforation structure assembly with the reference steel plate in a sealing manner through a connecting steel plate, and collecting the sound-proofing quantity as a second sound-proofing quantity NR2; calculating the sound-proofing quantity of the perforation structure assembly through difference of the first sound-proofing quantity NR1 and the second sound-proofing quantity NR2. According to the measuring method and device, the sound-proofing quantity of the automobile perforation structure assembly can be more conveniently and more accurately obtained, and the sealed connection mode can play a better sealing effect; when the perforation structure assembly is disassembled from the automobile, a part of steel plate connected with an automobile body and a sound-proofing pad are both disassembled, so that the measurement result is more accurate; the perforation structure assembly is connected with the reference steel plate through the connecting steel plate, so that the reference steel plate can be recycled, and the cost and resources can be saved, all frequencies of noises can be better captured and measured according to the positions where a sound production microphone and a sound pickup microphone are arranged.

Description

A kind of measuring method of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to car load vibration noise professional technique is and in particular to a kind of measurement side of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss Method and device.
Background technology
With the development of auto industry, passenger to the requirement also more and more higher reducing Vehicle Interior Noise, wherein sound insulation is Control one of important method of internal car noise.Body of a motor car has a lot of perforation structures it is ensured that its sound insulation value is in-car for controlling Extremely important for noise.For studying perforation structure assembly sound insulation value, find optimal design and checking design Whether meet NVH to require it is necessary to measure the sound transmission loss of its structure.
The measuring method of various different material sound transmission loss is had on open source literature, but without suitable automotive-type at present Perforation structure assembly sound insulation measuring method.It is thus desirable to a kind of sound insulation measuring method that can be directed to perforation structure assembly.
Content of the invention:
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of sound insulation measuring method for automobile perforation structure assembly, Can be more convenient and accurately measure the sound transmission loss of automobile perforation structure assembly.
The technical scheme is that to solve above-mentioned technical problem:A kind of measurement side of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss Method, including:Install with reference to steel plate in measurement apparatus, collection is designated as the first sound transmission loss NR1 with reference to the sound transmission loss of steel plate;In reference steel First installing hole is opened up on plate, perforation structure assembly is directly sealedly attached to the first installing hole, or perforation structure assembly is led to Cross a junction steel plate and be sealedly attached to the first installing hole;The reference steel plate being sealedly connected with perforation structure assembly is installed on measurement Device, gathers its sound transmission loss and is designated as the second sound transmission loss NR2;By the difference between the first sound transmission loss NR1 and the second sound transmission loss NR2 Obtain the sound transmission loss of perforation structure assembly.
It is preferred that the material of junction steel plate is identical with reference to steel plate with thickness;Perforation structure assembly passes through a junction steel plate The method being connected with the first installing hole is:Open up the second installing hole, the outward flange of junction steel plate and at the center of junction steel plate One installing hole is tightly connected, and the second installing hole is tightly connected perforation structure assembly.
It is preferred that the mode being tightly connected is to be coated with fluid sealant in junction the upper side and lower side, at least apply in upside It is also wrapped on aluminium foil layer outside the fluid sealant of cloth.
It is preferred that measurement apparatus include sound receiving room and reverberation chamber, sound receiving room is provided with least four and is subject to sound microphone, is surveying In the reverberation chamber of amount device, at least nine low-frequency audible signal devices, four high frequency acoustical generators and a sounding microphone are installed;Measurement When pass through low-frequency audible signal device and high frequency acoustical generator sounding, the difference by sounding microphone and being recorded volume by sound microphone treated Survey the sound transmission loss of part.
It is preferred that sound receiving room's roof is provided with the suspension rod extending vertically down, the lower end of suspension rod is provided with four along the circumferential direction The uniform and cross bar perpendicular to suspension rod, the end of each cross bar connects one respectively and is subject to sound microphone;Reverberation chamber is provided with acoustical generator Installing plate, is provided with nine low-frequency audible signal devices and four high frequency acoustical generators, nine low-frequency audible signal devices 3 × 3 on acoustical generator installing plate Uniformly arrange in length and breadth, the rectangular centre being formed by connecting in adjacent four low-frequency audible signal devices is each provided with a high frequency acoustical generator;? The center of acoustical generator installing plate is additionally provided with a sounding microphone.
It is preferred that four be subject to sound microphone relative two are one group, two groups are subject to sound microphone apart from part installation portion to be measured The vertical dimension of part place plane is different.
It is preferred that the audible frequency of high frequency acoustical generator is 2500-10000Hz, the audible frequency of low-frequency audible signal device is 50- 2500Hz, using high frequency acoustical generator and low-frequency audible signal device within the noise range of 50Hz~10000Hz with set noise Curve sounding, using by sound microphone pick first sound transmission loss NR1 and the second sound transmission loss NR2.
It is preferred that being provided with part installing component to be measured between sound receiving room and reverberation chamber, with reference to steel plate or be sealedly connected with perforation The reference steel plate of structural assembly is installed on part installing component to be measured, and sound receiving room and reverberation chamber are separated.
It is preferred that with reference to the sound insulating pad that identical series is equipped with steel plate and junction steel plate;Perforation structure assembly includes wearing Subsidiary steel plate and subsidiary sound insulating pad that pore structure part is connected with vehicle body.
The present invention also provides a kind of measurement apparatus realizing above method, including sound receiving room and reverberation chamber;Sound receiving room and mixed Ring and be provided with part installing component to be measured between room;Sound receiving room is provided with least four and is subject to sound microphone, in the reverberation chamber of measurement apparatus In at least nine low-frequency audible signal devices, four high frequency acoustical generators and a sounding microphone are installed.
It is preferred that sound receiving room's roof is provided with the suspension rod extending vertically down, the lower end of suspension rod is provided with four along the circumferential direction The uniform and cross bar perpendicular to suspension rod, the end of each cross bar connects one respectively and is subject to sound microphone;Reverberation chamber is provided with acoustical generator Installing plate, is provided with nine low-frequency audible signal devices and four high frequency acoustical generators, nine low-frequency audible signal devices 3 × 3 on acoustical generator installing plate Uniformly arrange in length and breadth, the rectangular centre being formed by connecting in adjacent four low-frequency audible signal devices is each provided with a high frequency acoustical generator;? The center of acoustical generator installing plate is additionally provided with a sounding microphone.
It is preferred that four be subject to sound microphone relative two are one group, two groups are subject to sound microphone apart from part installation portion to be measured The vertical dimension of part place plane is different.
It is preferred that the audible frequency of high frequency acoustical generator is 2500-10000Hz, the audible frequency of low-frequency audible signal device is 50- 2500Hz.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:The present invention can be more convenient and be accurately obtained automobile perforation structure assembly every Volume;Adopted is tightly connected mode, can play better seal effect;When perforation structure assembly is taken off on automobile Also by it, the part steel plate being connected with vehicle body and sound insulating pad are removed together simultaneously, are that measurement result is more accurate;Perforation structure assembly It is connected to reference to steel plate by junction steel plate, can allow and be reused with reference to steel plate, save cost and resource;Adopted High frequency acoustical generator and the range of voice of low-frequency audible signal device cover 50Hz-10000Hz, it is possible to use it carries out bigger frequency model The noise sounding enclosing, and further with part to be measured being carried out with this frequency model by sound microphone and generation microphone in measurement apparatus Enclose the measurement of sound transmission loss under noise curve, and the position of the sounding microphone set by the present invention and the microphone that quiets down can be more preferable The noise to each frequency caught and measured.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention measurement apparatus
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of embodiment of the present invention measurement apparatus
Fig. 3 is each top view after installed by sound microphone of the embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the top view Fig. 5 after each high frequency acoustical generator of the embodiment of the present invention and low-frequency audible signal device installation is the present invention Embodiment perforation structure assembly is connected to the described structural representation with reference to steel plate by junction steel plate
The structural representation that Fig. 6 is tightly connected with junction steel plate for embodiment of the present invention perforation structure assembly
Fig. 7 is the partial enlarged drawing at Fig. 6 A
Fig. 8 is embodiment of the present invention reference steel plate structure schematic diagram
Fig. 9 is embodiment of the present invention junction steel plate structural representation
Figure 10 records process curve and target sound insulation curve comparison figure in figure for embodiment of the present invention measuring method:1st, measure Device 2, perforation structure assembly 3, sound receiving room 4, reverberation chamber 5, low-frequency audible signal device 6, high frequency acoustical generator 7, sounding microphone 8, be subject to sound Microphone 9, suspension rod 10, cross bar 11, acoustical generator installing plate 12, part installing component 13 to be measured, with reference to steel plate 14, junction steel plate 15, Gluing 16, aluminium-foil paper 17, sound insulating pad 18, the first installing hole 19, the second installing hole
Specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to embodiment party of the present invention Formula is further described.
The present embodiment includes a kind of measurement apparatus 1 of perforation structure assembly 2 sound transmission loss, measurement apparatus as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 1 includes sound receiving room 3 and reverberation chamber 4, installs four and is subject to sound microphone 8, pacify in reverberation chamber 4 in the sound receiving room 3 of measurement apparatus 1 Fill 5, four high frequency acoustical generators 6 of nine low-frequency audible signal devices and a sounding microphone 7.
Above-mentioned each is subject to sound microphone 8, sounding microphone 7, low-frequency audible signal device 5 and high frequency acoustical generator as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 6 mounting means is as follows:The roof of sound receiving room 3 is provided with the suspension rod 9 extending vertically down, and the lower end of suspension rod 9 is provided with four along circle Circumferential direction is uniform and the cross bar 10 perpendicular to suspension rod 9, and the end of each cross bar 10 connects one respectively and is subject to sound microphone 8;Reverberation Room 4 is provided with acoustical generator installing plate 11, is provided with nine low-frequency audible signal devices 5 and four high frequency acoustical generators 6 on acoustical generator installing plate 11, Nine low-frequency audible signal devices 53 × 3 uniformly arrange in length and breadth, and the rectangular centre being formed by connecting in adjacent four low-frequency audible signal devices 5 is respectively arranged There is a high frequency acoustical generator 6;It is additionally provided with a sounding microphone 7 in the center of acoustical generator installing plate 11, each high frequency occurs The vertical dimension that the upper surface distance of microphone and low-frequency audible signal device 5 joins part installing component 12 place plane to be measured is 100mm.
It is provided with part installing component 12 to be measured, when carrying out concrete sound insulation measurement, by reference between sound receiving room 3 and reverberation chamber 4 Steel plate 13 or be sealedly connected with the reference steel plate 13 of perforation structure assembly 2 and be installed on part installing component 12 to be measured, sound receiving room 3 and mixed It is isolated for ringing room 4.
The audible frequency of high frequency acoustical generator 6 is 2500-10000Hz, and the audible frequency of low-frequency audible signal device 5 is 50-2500Hz, Its volume of collective effect can cover the noise range that frequency is 50Hz~10000Hz.
As shown in Figure 1 measurement apparatus 1 also include data processor, data processor respectively with data acquisition unit and signal Generator connects, and carries out two-way communication;Data acquisition unit is connected to the outfan by sound microphone 8 and sounding microphone 7, adopts In phonation volume and sound receiving room 3 in collection reverberation chamber 4 by amount of sound, and be sent at data by phonation volume with by amount of sound Reason device is processed;The outfan of signal generator is sequentially connected wave filter, power amplifier, and the outfan of power amplifier divides Not Lian Jie four high frequency acoustical generators 6 and nine low-frequency audible signal devices 5, control high frequency generator with altofrequency sounding, control low frequency to send out Sound device 5 is with low frequency sounding.
As shown in Figure 2 as a kind of improved plan, four be subject to sound microphone 8 relative two are one group, and two groups transaudient Device apart from part installation site to be measured vertical dimension be respectively 105mm, 155mm, two included by every group be subject to sound microphone 8 it Between distance be 215mm.
Carry out the measurement of perforation structure assembly 2 sound transmission loss, the present embodiment perforation structure assembly 2 sound insulation by above device Amount measuring method be:One noise measurement curve is arranged by data processor, the noise curve of the present embodiment is preferentially chosen Within the scope of 315Hz~3150Hz, after setting noise curve, signal generator, filter are passed sequentially through by data processor Ripple device and power amplifier control high frequency acoustical generator 6 or low-frequency audible signal device 5 are with set noise curve sounding, you can start Part to be measured is carried out with the measurement of sound transmission loss:
The first step, measurement is with reference to the sound transmission loss of steel plate 13.
One is installed on the part installing component 12 to be measured of measurement apparatus 1 with reference to steel plate 13, part installing component 12 to be measured sets It is placed between sound receiving room 3 and reverberation chamber 4, now to be also referenced steel plate 13 completely separated for sound receiving room 3 and reverberation chamber 4, opens setting The high frequency acoustical generator 6 of good frequency or low-frequency audible signal device 5 carry out sounding, microphone occur by the volume in the reverberation chamber receiving 4 It is converted into sound pressure level signal to send to data acquisition unit, by sound microphone 8, the volume in sound receiving room 3 is converted to sound pressure level signal Send to data acquisition unit, data acquisition unit transmits signals to data processor, data acquisition unit calculates two two acoustic pressures The difference of level signal obtains the sound transmission loss with reference to steel plate 13, is designated as the first sound transmission loss NR1.Now take off with reference to steel plate 13.
Second step, perforation structure assembly 2 is installed on reference to steel plate 13 by way of being tightly connected, including following two Mounting means:
The first, be directly tightly connected, and opens up the first installing hole 18 on reference to steel plate 13, installs to be measured for sealing Perforation structure assembly 2, after perforation structure assembly 2 is installed to the first installing hole 18, carries out close using the following method to junction Envelope connects, and has been coated with fluid sealant in junction the upper side and lower side, is also wrapped on aluminium foil layer outside the fluid sealant of upside coating.
Second, is tightly connected by junction steel plate 14, the reason for cost-effective and resource, in order to can be to reference Steel plate 13 is reused, and carries the second peace at one with reference to setting between steel plate 13 and perforation structure assembly 2 as shown in Figure 5 The junction steel plate 14 in dress hole 19, during installation, the edge of perforation structure assembly 2 is entered with the second installing hole 19 on junction steel plate 14 Row is tightly connected, and then the outward flange of junction steel plate 14 is connected and sealed with reference to the first installing hole 18 on steel plate 13, Here seal connecting method is identical with aforementioned seal method of attachment as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.
The thickness of junction steel plate 14 is identical with reference to steel plate 13, is 0.77mm, and is equipped with 27 grades of sound insulating pad 17.
The first installing hole 18 opening up on reference steel plate 13 in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 is 360mm for the length of side Square, during using junction steel plate 14, junction steel plate 14 is the square that the length of side is 400mm, the second installing hole opening up thereon 19 length of sides are that the size of perforation structure assembly 2 deducts 5~10mm.
3rd step, measurement is sealedly connected with the sound transmission loss of the reference steel plate 13 of perforation structure assembly 2.
After perforation structure assembly 2 is sealedly attached to by reference steel plate 13 by any one method in above-mentioned second step, then The reference steel plate 13 being sealedly connected with perforation structure assembly 2 is installed on the part installing component 12 to be measured of measurement apparatus 1, high frequency Acoustical generator 6 or low-frequency audible signal device 5 carry out sounding with audible frequency same before, pass through to send out according to first step identical method Sound microphone 7 and the difference by the volume measured by sound microphone 8 are now sealedly connected with the reference steel of perforation structure assembly 2 The sound transmission loss of plate 13, is designated as the second sound transmission loss NR2.
4th step, the second sound transmission loss NR2 is deducted the first sound transmission loss NR1 and has obtained perforation structure assembly 2 in setting frequency Sound transmission loss under rate.
In order to ensure the repeatability of measurement, the measurement of two to three times can be carried out.
Perforation structure assembly 2 described in the present embodiment not only includes perforation structure part itself, also include perforation structure part with Subsidiary steel plate and the part of subsidiary sound insulating pad 20mm to 30mm that vehicle body connects.
Point between 315Hz~3150Hz for the noise measurement curve should be bent in the top-right highest sound insulation rank of standard curve Line, then this sound insulation rank is the acoustical ratings of perforation structure assembly 2.
Accuracy in order to ensure to measure should make the background noise of sound receiving room 3 make an uproar at least below with reference to exemplar measurement Sound 10dB.
As shown in Figure 10, after obtain the sound insulation curve of perforation structure assembly 2 by this method measurement, this can be surveyed Obtain curve to be contrasted with target sound insulation curve, target sound insulation curve refers to the curve of each acoustical ratings, has when recording curve When two points are under target sound insulation curve, the target sound insulation curve that just should change another acoustical ratings is compared, with Reach to changing the purpose that perforation structure assembly 2 acoustical ratings are differentiated.
It should be noted last that, above specific embodiment only in order to technical scheme to be described and unrestricted, Although with reference to preferable case, the present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to this Bright technical scheme is modified, and without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be covered the present invention's In the middle of right.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of measuring method of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss, including:
Install with reference to steel plate (13) in measurement apparatus (1), the described sound transmission loss with reference to steel plate (13) of collection is designated as the first sound insulation Amount NR1;
Described (13) with reference to steel plate open up the first installing hole (18), perforation structure assembly (2) is directly sealedly attached to institute State the first installing hole (18), or perforation structure assembly (2) is sealedly attached to described first installation by a junction steel plate (14) Hole (18);It is installed on being sealedly connected with the described of described perforation structure assembly (2) in measurement apparatus (1) with reference to steel plate (13), Gather its sound transmission loss and be designated as the second sound transmission loss NR2;
Described perforation structure assembly (2) is obtained by the difference between described first sound transmission loss NR1 and described second sound transmission loss NR2 Sound transmission loss;
Described measurement apparatus (1) include sound receiving room (3) and reverberation chamber (4), and described sound receiving room (3) is provided with least four and is passed by sound Sound device (8), be provided with the reverberation chamber (4) of described measurement apparatus (1) at least nine low-frequency audible signal devices (5), four high take place frequently Sound device (6) and a sounding microphone (7);Pass through described low-frequency audible signal device (5) during measurement and described high frequency acoustical generator (6) is sent out Sound, obtains the sound transmission loss of part to be measured by described sounding microphone (7) and the described difference being recorded volume by sound microphone (8);Institute State sound receiving room (3) roof and be provided with the suspension rod (9) extending vertically down, the lower end of described suspension rod (9) is provided with four along the circumferential direction The uniform and cross bar (10) perpendicular to described suspension rod (9), the end of each described cross bar (10) connects respectively and is subject to sound described in one Microphone (8);Described reverberation chamber (4) is provided with acoustical generator installing plate (11), is provided with nine on described acoustical generator installing plate (11) Described low-frequency audible signal device (5) and four described high frequency acoustical generators (6), nine described low-frequency audible signal devices (5) 3 × 3 are all arranged in length and breadth Row, the rectangular centre being formed by connecting in adjacent four described low-frequency audible signal devices (5) is each provided with a described high frequency acoustical generator (6);It is additionally provided with a sounding microphone (7) in the center of described acoustical generator installing plate (11);
The audible frequency of described high frequency acoustical generator (6) is 2500-10000Hz, and the audible frequency of described low-frequency audible signal device (5) is 50-2500Hz, using described high frequency acoustical generator (6) and described low-frequency audible signal device (5) 50Hz~10000Hz noise range it Interior with set noise curve sounding, gathered described first sound transmission loss NR1 and described second using described by sound microphone (8) Sound transmission loss NR2.
2. a kind of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss according to claim 1 measuring method it is characterised in that:Described connection The material of steel plate (14) is identical with reference to steel plate (13) with described with thickness;Described perforation structure assembly (2) passes through a junction steel plate (14) method being connected with described first installing hole (18) is:Open up the second installing hole at the center of described junction steel plate (14) (19), the outward flange of described junction steel plate (14) and described first installing hole (18) are tightly connected, described second installing hole (19) It is tightly connected described perforation structure assembly (2).
3. a kind of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss according to claim 1 and 2 measuring method it is characterised in that:Described The mode being tightly connected is to be coated with fluid sealant in junction the upper side and lower side, at least the coating of described upside fluid sealant it It is also wrapped on outward aluminium foil layer.
4. a kind of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss according to claim 1 measuring method it is characterised in that:Described in four By sound microphone (8), relative two are one group, are located apart from part installing component (12) to be measured by sound microphone (8) described in two groups The vertical dimension of plane is different.
5. a kind of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss according to claim 1 measuring method it is characterised in that:Described by sound Be provided with part installing component (12) to be measured between room (3) and described reverberation chamber (4), described with reference to steel plate (13) or described be tightly connected The described of perforation structure assembly (2) is had to be installed on described part installing component (12) to be measured with reference to steel plate (13), and by described by sound Room (3) and described reverberation chamber (4) separate.
6. a kind of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss according to claim 1 and 2 measuring method it is characterised in that:Described With reference to the sound insulating pad (17) that identical series is equipped with steel plate (13) and described junction steel plate (14);Described perforation structure assembly (2) include subsidiary steel plate and the subsidiary sound insulating pad that perforation structure part is connected with vehicle body.
7. the measurement dress of a kind of measuring method for realizing a kind of perforation structure assembly sound transmission loss described in claim 1 or 2 Put it is characterised in that:Described measurement apparatus (1) include sound receiving room (3) and reverberation chamber (4);Described sound receiving room (3) and described reverberation It is provided with part installing component (12) to be measured between room (4);Described sound receiving room (3) is provided with least four and is subject to sound microphone (8), in institute At least nine low-frequency audible signal devices (5), four high frequency acoustical generators (6) and one are installed in the reverberation chamber (4) stating measurement apparatus (1) Sounding microphone (7);
Described sound receiving room (3) roof is provided with the suspension rod (9) extending vertically down, and the lower end of described suspension rod (9) is provided with four along circle Circumferential direction is uniform and the cross bar (10) perpendicular to described suspension rod (9), and the end of each described cross bar (10) connects an institute respectively State by sound microphone (8);Described reverberation chamber (4) is provided with acoustical generator installing plate (11), sets on described acoustical generator installing plate (11) There are nine described low-frequency audible signal devices (5) and four described high frequency acoustical generators (6), nine described low-frequency audible signal devices (5) 3 × 3 are in length and breadth Uniform arrangement, the rectangular centre being formed by connecting in adjacent four described low-frequency audible signal devices (5) is each provided with a described height and takes place frequently Sound device (6);It is additionally provided with a sounding microphone (7) in the center of described acoustical generator installing plate (11);Described high frequency acoustical generator (6) audible frequency is 2500-10000Hz, and the audible frequency of described low-frequency audible signal device (5) is 50-2500Hz.
8. measurement apparatus according to claim 7 it is characterised in that:It is subject to relative two of sound microphone (8) described in four For one group, described in two groups, it is subject to sound microphone (8) different apart from the vertical dimension of part installing component (12) place to be measured plane.
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