CN103712577A - Deep hole perpendicularity measurement system and measurement method based on image processing - Google Patents
Deep hole perpendicularity measurement system and measurement method based on image processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103712577A CN103712577A CN201310714923.9A CN201310714923A CN103712577A CN 103712577 A CN103712577 A CN 103712577A CN 201310714923 A CN201310714923 A CN 201310714923A CN 103712577 A CN103712577 A CN 103712577A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a deep hole perpendicularity measurement system based on image processing. A deep hole of a member to be measured runs between the mutually-parallel front end surface and the back end surface of the member to be measured. The deep hole perpendicularity measurement system based on the image processing comprises a laser beam emitter, a CCD image sensor, an image processing program and a computer. The laser beam emitter emits a laser beam perpendicular to the front end surface of the member to be measured from the front end surface of the member to be measured to the deep hole, wherein the diameter of the laser beam is larger than that of the deep hole and the laser beam fully covers the deep hole during measuring. The CCD image sensor closely attaches to the back end surface of the member to be measured during measuring and fully covers the deep hole. The CCD image sensor is connected with the computer provided with the image processing program. The invention also relates to a deep hole perpendicularity measurement method based on the image processing. The system and method have the advantages of being convenient to operate, low in cost, high in efficiency and accurate in measurement, and belong to the technical filed of measurement, and are especially suitable for the measurement of the deep hole in a tube plate of a nuclear power vapor generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of measuring technique, relate in particular to a kind of by Emission Lasers bundle, deep hole verticality contactless measuring system and the measuring method thereof processed based on image.
Background technology
The tube sheet diameter of nuclear steam generator is Ф 3000-Ф 5000mm, thickness 600-900mm, and need to take the side of tube sheet of nuclear steam generator is reference field, measures in the tube sheet of this nuclear steam generator each deep hole with respect to the verticality of reference field.The deviation of deep hole verticality will directly have influence on after the installation of back up pad, and can be smoothly nearly ten thousand pores (deep hole) in, pass and reach the U-shaped tube bank of tens meters accurately.
Tradition longhole survey generally adopts contact measurement method, first by deep hole aperture size, process the plug coordinating with it, then by plug and frock end face at right angle setting, afterwards plug is inserted by sounding hole, make frock end face with by sounding hole end face close contact, read the pointer gauge reading being connected with frock, then convert and obtain by sounding hole verticality by geometry.When or hole depth chin-deep very little by the aperture of sounding hole, the manufacture of plug will be very difficult, and its cost will improve greatly.In addition, contact type measurement all can have wearing and tearing to deep hole inside surface and plug, once plug weares and teares, its measuring accuracy will be difficult to guarantee; Meanwhile, if the deep hole inside surface of the tube sheet of nuclear steam generator is worn or scratch, will cause potential safety hazard to the follow-up normal operation of whole nuclear power generating equipment, affect very serious.In addition, prior art also has the method that adopts three-dimensional coordinates measurement, but needs large-scale three-coordinates measuring machine, and cost is very high, and is subject to the restriction of site condition larger.
Therefore, in deep hole squareness measurement, particularly in the squareness measurement of the deep hole of the tube sheet of nuclear steam generator, because deep hole quantity is huge, accuracy requirement is high, its non-contact detection method that squareness measurement urgent need is a kind of rapidly and efficiently, precision is high, cost is low.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters for existing in prior art, the object of the invention is: provide a kind of measuring accuracy high, easy operating, contactless deep hole squareness measurement system and the measuring method thereof based on image, processed.Its simple operation, cost is low, efficiency is high and measure accurately, is very suitable for deep hole with respect to the measurement of the verticality of reference field.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image, the deep hole of to be measured is through between the front end face and rear end face of to be measured that is parallel to each other; The deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image comprises: laser beam transmitter, ccd image sensor, image processing program and computing machine; Laser beam transmitter sends the laser beam perpendicular to the front end face of to be measured from the front end face of to be measured to deep hole, the diameter of laser beam is greater than deep hole diameter, and laser beam covers deep hole completely while measuring; During measurement, ccd image sensor is close to the rear end face of to be measured, and covers deep hole completely; Ccd image sensor joins with the computing machine that image processing program is housed.
As a kind of preferred, a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image, comprises front bearing and rear support; Laser beam transmitter is installed in front bearing, and ccd image sensor is installed in rear support and protrudes from rear support.
As a kind of, preferably in front bearing, be provided with the first installation cavity, laser beam transmitter embeds in the first installation cavity; One front bearing bonnet is installed on the rear end of front bearing and laser beam transmitter is held out against in the first installation cavity; Laser beam is through the front end face of front bearing.
As a kind of preferred, the front end face of front bearing is provided with a plurality of steel balls around laser beam arrangement; During measurement, steel ball is close to the front end face of to be measured, and the front end face of to be measured is parallel with the front end face of front bearing.
As a kind of, preferably in rear support, be provided with the second installation cavity, ccd image sensor embeds the second installation cavity and protrudes from the front end face of rear support; One is installed on the rear end of rear support with the spring bonnet of spring, and spring holds out against ccd image sensor in the second installation cavity.
As a kind of preferred, front bearing and rear support all arrange hand-held handle.
Preferably to be measured, front bearing and rear support are installed on respectively in three lift fixtures as a kind of, and each lift fixture is adjusted position each other by slide rail on surface level.
As a kind of preferably, to be measured the tube sheet that is nuclear steam generator.
A kind of deep hole verticality measuring method of processing based on image, the deep hole squareness measurement system that use is processed based on image, comprise the steps: laser beam transmitter perpendicular to the front end face of to be measured from the front end face of to be measured to deep hole Emission Lasers bundle, on the front end face of to be measured, laser beam covers deep hole; Laser beam forms direct irradiation region through deep hole direct irradiation on ccd image sensor, and laser beam, through the inwall reflection of deep hole, forms reflection ray region on ccd image sensor; In the aperture of the rear end face of to be measured, there is light and shade boundary in direct irradiation region and reflection ray region, computing machine extracts two sections of circular arc profiles in direct irradiation region and reflection ray region by image processing program, calculate the centre distance of two sections of circular arc profiles, can obtain the verticality of the deep hole of to be measured.
As a kind of preferred, before measurement, laser beam transmitter is installed in front bearing, ccd image sensor is installed in rear support, front bearing is aimed at the front end face of to be measured by hand-held mode, and rear support is aimed at the rear end face of to be measured by hand-held mode.
Generally speaking, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image of the present invention, its forward and backward bearing can arrange hand-held handle, the hand-holdable formula operation of bearing before and after, whole like this measuring system just becomes a kind of portable measurement mechanism of hand-held, can measure convenient, efficient, accurately deep hole with respect to the verticality of reference field (front end face); Meanwhile, have the parts of a large amount of deep holes for the tube sheet of nuclear steam generator etc., the forward and backward bearing of this system can be arranged on the tooling devices such as automatic slide rail, realizes deep hole and detects robotization.
(2) the deep hole verticality measuring method of processing based on image of the present invention, only laser beam, ccd image sensor need be covered completely by the aperture of the front and rear end of sounding hole, and without the required centering of conventional test methodologies to complicated loaded down with trivial details steps such as the hearts, therefore, both simplify measuring method, greatly reduced again the requirement on machining accuracy of system unit.
(3) the deep hole verticality detection method of processing based on image of the present invention, the display by computing machine shows the aperture light beam images that ccd image sensor is caught in real time, very simple and clear; Utilize image processing program simultaneously, automatically calculate by sounding hole verticality, and show and store, effectively reduce personal error.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of the deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image.
Fig. 2 is the ccd image sensor direct irradiation region of catching and the image schematic diagram in reflection ray region.
Wherein, 1 is laser beam transmitter, and 2 is front bearing, and 3 is ccd image sensor, and 4 is spring bonnet, and 5 is rear support, and 6 is steel ball, and 7 is front bearing bonnet, and 8 is direct irradiation region, and 9 is circular arc profile, and 10 is reflection ray region, O
1for the center of circle in direct irradiation region, O is the center of circle in reflection ray region.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
See figures.1.and.2, a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image, comprising: laser beam transmitter, ccd image sensor, image processing program, computing machine, front bearing, rear support, front bearing bonnet, spring bonnet and steel ball.
Laser beam transmitter is arranged in the first installation cavity of front bearing inside, and front bearing bonnet is tightened against the rear end of front bearing and laser beam transmitter is held out against in the first installation cavity.The front end face of front bearing inlay a plurality of along circumferential ring the steel ball around laser beam arrangement; During measurement, steel ball is close to the front end face of to be measured, and the front end face of to be measured is parallel with the front end face of front bearing.The laser of generating laser transmitting is through the front end face of front bearing, and from the front end face of to be measured to deep hole internal radiation, make laser beam perpendicular to the front end face of to be measured, and the diameter of laser beam is larger than the aperture of deep hole, at the front end face of to be measured, deep hole is covered completely.
Ccd image sensor and peripheral circuit thereof are arranged in rear support, ccd image sensor is placed in the second installation cavity of rear support, ccd image sensor embeds the second installation cavity and protrudes from the front end face of rear support, and ccd image sensor receives the part of light and is close to the rear end face of to be measured; With the spring bonnet of spring, be installed on the rear end of rear support, spring holds out against ccd image sensor in the second installation cavity, and make ccd image sensor protrude from rear support, thereby when measuring, ccd image sensor can be close to the rear end face of to be measured, and at the rear end face ccd image sensor of to be measured, the aperture of deep hole is covered completely.Ccd image sensor receiving optical signals, by peripheral circuit, light signal is converted into electric signal again and imports computing machine into, the circular arc profile in laser beam direct irradiation region and the circular arc profile in reflection ray region that utilize image processing program to extract to receive, by calculating the centre distance OO of two circular arc profiles
1just obtained the verticality of the front end face of deep hole with respect to be measured.
The tube sheet that in the present embodiment, to be measured is nuclear steam generator, front bearing and rear support are equipped with hand-held handle, and whole measuring system becomes a kind of portable measurement mechanism of hand-held.
A deep hole verticality measuring method of processing based on image, comprises the steps such as laser beam transmitting, laser beam reception, laser beam profile extraction, the calculating of profile centre distance, specifically in turn includes the following steps:
(1) laser beam transmitter is arranged in front bearing, tightens front bearing bonnet fixed laser light-beam transmitter;
(2) front end face of front bearing is paralleled with the front end face of to be measured, make to inlay on the front end face of front bearing some steel balls and to be measured 's front end face close contact, support position before adjusting, the laser beam that laser beam transmitter is launched covers the aperture of deep hole completely, and laser beam is perpendicular to the front end face incident of to be measured;
(3) ccd image sensor and peripheral circuit thereof are arranged in rear support, tighten spring bonnet and be fixed, make the part of the front end reception illumination of ccd image sensor protrude from slightly rear support;
(4) by ccd image sensor and to be measured 's rear end face close contact, effect due to spring pressure, the front end face of ccd image sensor keeps and the rear end face close contact of to be measured, adjusts rear support position, makes the front end face of ccd image sensor cover the aperture of deep hole completely;
(5) open laser beam transmitter, transmitting collimated laser beam, this laser beam is arrived ccd image sensor by what have an error of perpendicularity after sounding hole, and ccd image sensor is presented at the image capturing on the display of computing machine in real time; Simultaneously, in rear end face aperture, to there is obvious light and shade boundary with the reflection ray region through deep hole inside surface in laser beam direct irradiation region, utilize image processing program to extract the circular arc profile in laser beam direct irradiation region and the circular arc profile in reflection ray region, calculate the centre distance OO of two sections of circular arcs
1get final product by sounding hole verticality.
Except the mode that the present embodiment is mentioned, to be measured, front bearing and rear support are installed on respectively in three lift fixtures, and each lift fixture is adjusted position each other by slide rail and realized and aiming on surface level.These mapping modes are all in protection scope of the present invention.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image, the deep hole of to be measured, through between the front end face and rear end face of to be measured that is parallel to each other, is characterized in that: the deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image comprises: laser beam transmitter, ccd image sensor, image processing program and computing machine; Laser beam transmitter sends the laser beam perpendicular to the front end face of to be measured from the front end face of to be measured to deep hole, the diameter of laser beam is greater than deep hole diameter, and laser beam covers deep hole completely while measuring; During measurement, ccd image sensor is close to the rear end face of to be measured, and covers deep hole completely; Ccd image sensor joins with the computing machine that image processing program is housed.
2. according to a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it comprises front bearing and rear support; Laser beam transmitter is installed in front bearing, and ccd image sensor is installed in rear support and protrudes from rear support.
3. according to a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described front bearing, be provided with the first installation cavity, laser beam transmitter embeds in the first installation cavity; One front bearing bonnet is installed on the rear end of front bearing and laser beam transmitter is held out against in the first installation cavity; Laser beam is through the front end face of front bearing.
4. according to a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the front end face of described front bearing is provided with a plurality of steel balls around laser beam arrangement; During measurement, steel ball is close to the front end face of to be measured, and the front end face of to be measured is parallel with the front end face of front bearing.
5. a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image of stating according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described rear support, be provided with the second installation cavity, ccd image sensor embeds the second installation cavity and protrudes from the front end face of rear support; One is installed on the rear end of rear support with the spring bonnet of spring, and spring holds out against ccd image sensor in the second installation cavity.
6. according to a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described front bearing and rear support all arrange hand-held handle.
7. according to a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described to be measured, front bearing and rear support are installed on respectively in three lift fixtures, and each lift fixture is adjusted position each other by slide rail on surface level.
8. according to a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described to be measured is the tube sheet of nuclear steam generator.
9. a deep hole verticality measuring method of processing based on image, it is characterized in that: right to use requires the deep hole squareness measurement system of processing based on image described in any one in 1 to 8, comprise the steps: laser beam transmitter perpendicular to the front end face of to be measured from the front end face of to be measured to deep hole Emission Lasers bundle, on the front end face of to be measured, laser beam covers deep hole; Laser beam forms direct irradiation region through deep hole direct irradiation on ccd image sensor, and laser beam, through the inwall reflection of deep hole, forms reflection ray region on ccd image sensor; In the aperture of the rear end face of to be measured, there is light and shade boundary in direct irradiation region and reflection ray region, computing machine extracts two sections of circular arc profiles in direct irradiation region and reflection ray region by image processing program, calculate the centre distance of two sections of circular arc profiles, can obtain the verticality of the deep hole of to be measured.
10. according to the deep hole verticality measuring method of processing based on image claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: before measurement, laser beam transmitter is installed in front bearing, ccd image sensor is installed in rear support, front bearing is aimed at the front end face of to be measured by hand-held mode, and rear support is aimed at the rear end face of to be measured by hand-held mode.
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| CN201310714923.9A CN103712577B (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | A kind of deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing and measuring method thereof |
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