CN103711804B - High natural bending frequency guidance type is swaged axle light-weight design method - Google Patents
High natural bending frequency guidance type is swaged axle light-weight design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103711804B CN103711804B CN201410000221.9A CN201410000221A CN103711804B CN 103711804 B CN103711804 B CN 103711804B CN 201410000221 A CN201410000221 A CN 201410000221A CN 103711804 B CN103711804 B CN 103711804B
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- natural bending
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high natural bending frequency guidance type to swage axle light-weight design method, the steps include: the torsional strength test of 1. material samples, obtain material and reverse static strength and fatigue strength characteristics; 2. determine that high natural bending frequency guidance type is swaged the constraint conditio of axle light-weight design, comprise boundary dimension constraint, interior shape dimension constraint; 3. to determine to swage the boundary dimension of axle according to the swage profile constraint conditio of axle light-weight design of high natural bending frequency guidance type, comprise spline-fitting portion, clip standing part and transition portion; 4. determine according to the swage interior shape size constraint of axle light-weight design of high natural bending frequency guidance type swage axle minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) or maximum outside diameter; 5. high corner frequency guidance type swage axle light-weight design assessment and check.Axle of swaging designed by the present invention, relative to former solid shaft, single order natural bending frequency can improve more than 40%, and quality can alleviate more than 20%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one to swage axle light-weight design method, especially a kind of axle light-weight design method of swaging with high natural bending frequency.
Background technique
Along with the progress of society, the development of science and technology and the improving constantly of living standard of people, the requirement of people to automotive quality is also more and more higher.On the other hand, develop rapidly because domestic automobile is manufacturing, the fierceness day by day of competition, each automobile manufacturing enterprise increases the research to automotive quality, and NVH has become the most important technical order evaluating automotive quality.Because vehicle performance is made up of each component, therefore, the NVH characteristic how improving auto parts and components becomes one of emphasis direction of auto parts and components research and development.
The high-performance constant velocity shaft assembly of middle and high end car comprises fixed end constant velocity universal joint, sliding-end constant velocity universal joint, jack shaft.Except requiring at a high speed, highly carrying and stably except transferring power, also requiring to reduce weight, reduce vibrations and noise transmission, improvement vibration, improve travelling comfort etc., these high requests have impelled transmission shaft to swage the development of processing technology and design method.
Swaging, the axle processed---axle of swaging adopts seamless steel pipe to make raw material, by cold forming process of swaging, in conjunction with spare part outside measurement requirement, inner chamber can be made after adopting special frock to keep needing the axle of shape.Particular/special requirement---lightweight, high natural bending frequency, the high torsional rigidity etc. of constant velocity universal joint assembly can be realized by the jack shaft of swaging in processing constant velocity universal joint assembly.Technique of swaging can make part reach the at a high speed feature such as stable, equal strength and minimal material use, and stock utilization can reach more than 95%, is a kind of Precision Forming Technology of alternative cutting.Relative to solid shaft, the axle single order natural bending frequency of processing of swaging is maximum can improve 60%, simultaneously can loss of weight 20%.Designing high corner frequency guidance type axle of swaging is driving-shaft assembly lightweight and one of the important channel of improving NVH.
0
summary of the invention
The present invention will provide a kind of high natural bending frequency guidance type to swage axle light-weight design method, at utmost improving the single order natural bending frequency of axle of swaging and alleviating the weight of axle of swaging.
For achieving the above object, technological scheme of the present invention is: a kind of high natural bending frequency guidance type is swaged axle light-weight design method, and be characterized in, the step of described design method is:
1) torsional strength test of material sample, obtains material and reverses static strength and fatigue strength characteristics;
2) determine that high corner frequency guidance type is swaged the constraint conditio of axle light-weight design, comprise boundary dimension constraint, interior shape dimension constraint;
3) to swage the external dimension of axle according to the axle light-weight design profile constraint conditio design of swaging of high natural bending frequency guidance type, comprise spline-fitting portion, clip standing part and transition portion;
4) determine according to high natural bending frequency guidance type axle light-weight design interior shape size constraint of swaging swage axle minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) or maximum outside diameter, comprise spline segment, performance constraints section, intermediate section and transition portion size;
5) lightweight of high corner frequency guidance type swage axle assessment and check.
Determine that high natural bending frequency guidance type is swaged the boundary dimension constraint conditio of axle light-weight design, comprise the constraint conditio such as boundary dimension of spline segment, fixed end performance constraints section, sliding-end performance constraints section, dirt-proof boot clip construction section, intermediate section, wherein: swage axle fixed end spline segment and sliding-end spline segment respectively with fixed end and sliding end universal joint inner sleeve spline fitted, its boundary dimension is subject to spline fitted dimension constraint; Fixed end performance constraints section maximum outside diameter size and dirt-proof boot are subject to the constraint of fixed end constant velocity universal joint hard-over jointly; Sliding-end performance constraints section maximum outside diameter size and dirt-proof boot are subject to the constraint of sliding-end constant velocity universal joint hard-over jointly at universal joint limit slip locations place; Intermediate section external diameter is of a size of constraint with driving-shaft assembly meeting under requirement of strength, swages axle single order natural bending frequency for target to maximize raising simultaneously.
Determine that high natural bending frequency guidance type is swaged the interior shape size constraint of axle light-weight design, comprise the interior shape chi constraint conditio of spline segment, performance constraints section, intermediate section and changeover portion, wherein: spline segment internal diameter size or wall thickness are determined jointly according to spline processing technology and transmission shaft torsional strength; The Inner Dimension of performance constraints section, intermediate section and changeover portion or wall thickness constraint conditio: (1) is meeting the torsion static strength of axle of swaging, under fatigue strength requires, swage axle single order natural bending frequency for target to maximize raising, reduces wall thickness to meet lightweight requirements; (2) each intersegmental part size of axle of swaging wants smooth transition, meeting under fabrication process condition of swaging, considers fatigue stress concentration factor.
High corner frequency guidance type is swaged the assessment of axle light-weight design and check method: adopt that single order natural bending frequency improves ratio assessment, light weight effect assessment, quiet torsional strength are checked, torsional fatigue strength is checked.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention improves swage the single order natural bending frequency of axle and loss of weight for target to maximize, in conjunction with technique of swaging, determine high natural bending frequency and lightweight to swage the boundary dimension constraint conditio of axle and the constraint conditio of internal diameter wall thickness design, the axle of swaging designed according to constraint conditio improves the single order natural bending frequency of former solid shaft greatly, relative to former solid shaft, single order natural bending frequency can improve more than 40%, quality can alleviate more than 20% simultaneously, the lightweight of high-end car constant-speed Universal drive axle assembly can be met, improve vibration, improve the requirements such as travelling comfort.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is axle stepwise schematic views of swaging;
Fig. 2 is that fixed knot and performance constraints section limit schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that slippage joint and performance constraints section limit schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the axle single order natural bending frequency computation model figure that swages.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described.
High natural bending frequency guidance type of the present invention is swaged axle light-weight design method, and the step of design method is:
1. the torsional strength test of material sample, obtains material and reverses static strength and fatigue strength characteristics
Static torsion test is carried out to material sample, obtains material static strength characteristic; Torsional fatigue test is carried out to material sample, obtains the fatigue strength of material, S-N curve.
2. determine that high corner frequency guidance type is swaged the constraint conditio of axle light-weight design, comprise boundary dimension constraint, interior shape dimension constraint; For convenience, axle segmentation of being swaged by high natural bending frequency is (fixing
enda, intermediate section B, sliding-end C), as shown in Figure 1, fixed end spline segment 1, fixed end performance constraints section 2, dirt-proof boot construction section 3, First Transition section 4, intermediate section 5, second changeover portion 6, dirt-proof boot construction section 7, sliding-end performance constraints section 8, sliding-end spline segment 9.
A) boundary dimension constraint conditio
(1) spline segment
Swage axle fixed end spline segment 1 and sliding-end spline segment 9 respectively with the universal joint inner sleeve spline fitted of fixed end A and sliding-end C, its boundary dimension is subject to spline fitted dimension constraint;
(2) fixed end performance constraints section 2
The maximum outside diameter size of fixed end performance constraints section 2
d maxjointly be subject to the constraint of fixed end constant velocity universal joint hard-over with dirt-proof boot, as shown in Figure 2, wherein, O is universal joint gyration center, and δ is dirt-proof boot impact,
for holding part hard-over,
for axle fixed end performance constraints section maximum outside diameter of swaging, R is fixed end universal joint end face circle radius; L is the distance of fixed end universal joint gyration center to end face.
Restriction relation is as follows:
（1）
(3) sliding-end performance constraints section 8
Sliding-end performance constraints section 8 maximum outside diameter size and dirt-proof boot are subject to the constraint of sliding-end constant velocity universal joint hard-over jointly at universal joint limit slip locations place, extreme condition upper/lower positions as shown in Figure 3, wherein O is the gyration center of universal joint when sliding onto limit position, and δ is dirt-proof boot impact
for sliding-end hard-over,
for axle fixed end performance constraints section maximum outside diameter of swaging, H is sliding end universal joint end face circular diameter, and L is the distance of slippage joint end gyration center to end face,
for the maximum slippage stroke of rotating center.
Restriction relation is as follows:
（2）
(4) dirt-proof boot construction section 7
Swaging on axle to ensure that dirt-proof boot is fixed on by clip, needing design and installation step, can determine according to processing technology of swaging.
(5) intermediate section 5
Intermediate section 5 external diameter is mainly of a size of constraint with driving-shaft assembly meeting under requirement of strength, and the single order natural bending frequency of axle of simultaneously considering to swage improves ratio and axis processing technique etc. of swaging.The outside dimension of axle intermediate section of swaging is larger, and the single order natural bending frequency of axle of swaging is higher, proves as follows:
For multidiameter shaft, the formula of single order natural bending frequency is as follows:
（3）
In formula:
---the overall length of multidiameter shaft;
---the Young's modulus of material;
---baseline cross-section moment of inertia is multidiameter shaft maximum cross-section moment of inertia;
---multidiameter shaft
ithe cross sectional moment of inertia of section;
---the step number of multidiameter shaft;
---multidiameter shaft
ithe Linear density of shaft part;
---position function,
High natural bending frequency guidance type designed by the present invention swage axle single order natural bending frequency calculate can be reduced to the 3 stops shown in Fig. 4, control each section of cross sectional moment of inertia equal to ensure that maximum stress is constant.
Its single order natural bending frequency
fas follows:
Formula (4) explanation, high natural bending frequency guidance type designed by the present invention swages the single order natural bending frequency of axle higher than the single order natural bending frequency of corresponding former solid shaft and hollow shaft, and high natural bending frequency guidance type swages the single order natural bending frequency of axle along with intermediate section external diameter
and internal diameter
increase and increase.
(6) first and second changeover portion 4,6
The each transition portion boundary dimension of axle of swaging will take into full account production process property and the fatigue stress concentration factor of axle of swaging when designing.
B) interior shape size constraint
(1) spline segment
Spline segment internal diameter size or wall thickness are determined jointly according to concrete spline processing technology and transmission shaft torsional strength (comprise and reverse static strength and fatigue strength).
(2) performance constraints section, intermediate section and changeover portion
The Inner Dimension of performance constraints section, intermediate section and changeover portion or wall thickness constraint conditio: (1) is meeting under axle intensity of swaging (comprise and reverse static strength and fatigue strength), the requirement of high natural bending frequency, reduces wall thickness as far as possible to meet lightweight requirements; (2) each intersegmental part size of axle of swaging wants smooth transition, meeting under fabrication process condition of swaging, takes into full account fatigue stress concentration factor.
3. to swage the external dimension of axle according to the axle light-weight design profile constraint conditio design of swaging of high corner frequency guidance type, comprise connections, installation and transition portion size
(1) spline segment
According to coordinating of spline segment and universal joint inner sleeve, the outside dimension of axle two ends spline of determining to swage.
(2) fixed end performance constraints section
According to fixed knot maximum rotation angle and fixed end performance constraints section external diameter restriction relation, take into full account that dirt-proof boot affects, determine fixed end performance constraints section maximum outside diameter.
(3) sliding-end end performance constraints section
According to the maximum rotation angle under sliding-end limit position and sliding-end performance constraints section external diameter restriction relation, take into full account that dirt-proof boot affects, determine slippage section maximum outside diameter size.
(4) mounting portion
Swaging on axle to ensure that dirt-proof boot is fixed on by clip, needing design and installation step, ensure that dirt-proof boot safety is fixing.
The each transition portion boundary dimension of axle of swaging will take into full account production process property and the fatigue stress concentration factor of axle of swaging when designing.
(6) intermediate section boundary dimension
Mainly be of a size of constraint with driving-shaft assembly meeting intermediate section external diameter under requirement of strength, the single order natural bending frequency of axle of simultaneously considering to swage improves ratio and axis processing technique etc. of swaging, and determines its maximum boundary dimension.
4. to swage axle minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) or maximum diameter according to the swage constraint conditio design of axle light-weight design interior shape size of high corner frequency guidance type, comprise spline segment, performance constraints section, intermediate section and transition portion size;
(1) spline segment
Spline segment internal diameter size or wall thickness is determined according to spline processing technology and axle intensity of swaging (comprise and reverse static strength and fatigue strength).
(2) performance constraints section
With maximum performance cross-sectional strength for constraint, determine in conjunction with process materials flow feature of swaging swage axle performance constraints section maximum inner diameter or minimum wall thickness (MINI W.).
(3) intermediate section
Axle intermediate section internal diameter of swaging swages axle single order natural bending frequency and loss of weight for constraint to maximize raising, is meeting under requirement of strength, in conjunction with the restriction of processing technology to wall thickness reduction degree, is determining forging axle intermediate section maximum inner diameter or minimum wall thickness (MINI W.).
(4) changeover portion
The swage inner each changeover portion shape of axle and wall thickness is determined according to stress processing coefficient and processing technology material forming feature
5. high corner frequency guidance type swage axle assessment and check
The swage axle assessment and checking of high corner frequency guidance type mainly comprises: single order natural bending frequency improves ratio assessment, light weight effect assessment, the check of quiet torsional strength, torsional fatigue strength check etc.Because bearing of swaging carries fairly simple, mainly bear moment of torsion in the course of the work, axle of swaging can be assessed and be checked by theory analysis.High corner frequency guidance type swages the assessment of axle light-weight design by carrying out theory analysis to former solid shaft and newly-designed axle of swaging and compare, and carries out single order natural bending frequency and improves ratio assessment and light weight effect assessment.Jack shaft in constant velocity shaft assembly generally carries out quiet torsional strength check by driving-shaft assembly, torsional fatigue strength is checked, and does not carry out separately test and checks.
Claims (2)
1. high natural bending frequency guidance type is swaged an axle light-weight design method, and it is characterized in that, the step of described design method is:
1) torsional strength test of material sample, obtains material and reverses static strength and fatigue strength characteristics;
2) determine that high natural bending frequency guidance type is swaged the constraint conditio of axle light-weight design, comprise boundary dimension constraint, interior shape dimension constraint;
3) to swage the external dimension of axle according to the axle light-weight design profile constraint conditio design of swaging of high natural bending frequency guidance type, comprise spline fitted, clip fixes and transition portion size; Determine that the swage boundary dimension constraint conditio of axle light-weight design of high corner frequency guidance type comprises the boundary dimension constraint conditio of spline segment, fixed end performance constraints section, sliding-end performance constraints section, dirt-proof boot clip construction section, intermediate section, wherein: swage axle fixed end spline segment and sliding-end spline segment respectively with fixed end and sliding end universal joint inner sleeve spline fitted, its boundary dimension is subject to spline fitted dimension constraint; Fixed end performance constraints section maximum outside diameter size and dirt-proof boot are subject to the constraint of fixed end constant velocity universal joint hard-over jointly; Sliding-end performance constraints section maximum outside diameter size and dirt-proof boot are subject to the hard-over constraint of sliding-end constant velocity universal joint jointly at universal joint limit slip locations place; Intermediate section external diameter is of a size of constraint with driving-shaft assembly meeting under requirement of strength, swages axle single order natural bending frequency for target to maximize raising simultaneously;
4) determine according to high natural bending frequency guidance type axle light-weight design interior shape size constraint of swaging swage axle minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) or maximum outside diameter, comprise spline segment, performance constraints section, intermediate section and transition portion size; Wherein: spline segment internal diameter size or wall thickness are determined jointly according to spline processing technology and transmission shaft torsional strength; The Inner Dimension of performance constraints section, intermediate section and changeover portion or wall thickness constraint conditio: (1) is meeting the torsion static strength of axle of swaging, under fatigue strength requires, swage axle single order natural bending frequency for target to maximize raising, reduces wall thickness to meet lightweight requirements; (2) each intersegmental part size of axle of swaging wants smooth transition, meeting under fabrication process condition of swaging, considers fatigue stress concentration factor;
5) high corner frequency guidance type is swaged the assessment of axle light-weight design and check.
2. high natural bending frequency guidance type according to claim 1 is swaged axle light-weight design method, it is characterized in that: described high corner frequency guidance type is swaged the assessment of axle light-weight design and check method: adopt that single order natural bending frequency improves ratio assessment, light weight effect assessment, quiet torsional strength are checked, torsional fatigue strength is checked.
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| CN105224813B (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-11-03 | 上海理工大学 | Car variable-section variable wall thickness is swaged axis blank strength design |
| CN105772621B (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-08-25 | 上海理工大学 | Car universal drive shaft determines method without plug radial feed technological parameter of swaging |
| CN110376059B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2021-11-19 | 上海理工大学 | Static strength-based structure full-field lightweight quantitative evaluation method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1843829A (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2006-10-11 | 上海理工大学 | Automobile structure lightweighting design method based on structure intensity variation characteristic |
| CN103268365A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-08-28 | 河海大学常州校区 | Optimized design method for main shaft of machine tool |
| CN103399993A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-20 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Reciprocating compressor crankshaft reliability optimization design method |
| CN103469920A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-25 | 南京工业大学 | Method for designing flexion restraining support of maintenance-free steel and composite material |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1843829A (en) * | 2006-03-23 | 2006-10-11 | 上海理工大学 | Automobile structure lightweighting design method based on structure intensity variation characteristic |
| CN103268365A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-08-28 | 河海大学常州校区 | Optimized design method for main shaft of machine tool |
| CN103399993A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-11-20 | 合肥通用机械研究院 | Reciprocating compressor crankshaft reliability optimization design method |
| CN103469920A (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2013-12-25 | 南京工业大学 | Method for designing flexion restraining support of maintenance-free steel and composite material |
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