CN103711493A - Method for determining thickness of safety top plate in down-traversing gob by tunnel - Google Patents
Method for determining thickness of safety top plate in down-traversing gob by tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103711493A CN103711493A CN201310741014.4A CN201310741014A CN103711493A CN 103711493 A CN103711493 A CN 103711493A CN 201310741014 A CN201310741014 A CN 201310741014A CN 103711493 A CN103711493 A CN 103711493A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining the thickness of a safety top plate in down-traversing a gob by a tunnel. The method includes the following steps that the damaged depth D of a bottom plate of the gob is calculated; the thickness s of a virgin rock protection layer is calculated; the distance R between the center of the tunnel and a vault fracture area is calculated; the thickness H of the safety top plate is determined according to the following equation: H>= D+s+(R-r), wherein r is the radius of the channel. The problems that the tunnel and a base plate fracture area of the gob are mutually affected, the tunnel collapses and a roof collapses due to the excessively small thickness of the safety top plate are solved, and therefore the construction risks of the tunnel are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field, Xia Chuan goaf, tunnel, particularly, relate to the method for Xia Chuan goaf, a kind of definite tunnel safety roof plate thickness.
Background technology
Coal is one of main energy sources of society now, and still, the exploitation in colliery, exerts a certain influence for rock stratum.After coal mining, original surrouding rock stress balance is broken, surrouding rock stress redistribution, and gob floor is subject to adopting empty impact, produces plastic strain and destruction.While constructing in Xia Chuan goaf, tunnel, constructing tunnel disturbance makes the plastic strain of tunnel vault country rock, and goaf and tunnel influence each other.When Xia Chuan goaf, tunnel safety roof plate thickness is too small, tunnel and gob floor rupture zone influence each other, and easily cause that tunnel caves in, roof fall, thereby have increased the risk of tunnel construction.
Determining of Xia Chuan goaf, tunnel safety roof plate thickness mainly carries out by rule of thumb at present.There are a lot of drawbacks in this deterministic process, tend to cause the thickness of the safe top board determined too small, and then can cause the problems referred to above in reality construction journey.
Summary of the invention
The method that the object of this invention is to provide Xia Chuan goaf, a kind of definite tunnel safety roof plate thickness, to determine the minimum thickness of safe top board, avoid because of the too small tunnel causing of safety roof plate thickness and gob floor rupture zone influences each other, tunnel caves in and roof fall, thereby reduce the risk of tunnel construction.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides the method for Xia Chuan goaf, a kind of definite tunnel safety roof plate thickness, described method comprises: calculate gob floor collapse dept D; Calculate protolith protective layer thickness s; Calculate the distance R of center, tunnel to vault rupture zone; And the thickness H:H >=D+s+ (R-r) that determines described safe top board according to following equation, wherein, r is tunnel radius.
The present invention is by calculating the distance R of gob floor collapse dept D, protolith protective layer thickness s and center, tunnel to vault rupture zone, then according to D, s and R, determines the thickness H of safe top board.Thereby can avoid the too small situation of safety roof plate thickness, and then lower the construction risk in tunnel.
Other features and advantages of the present invention partly in detail are described the specific embodiment subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is to be used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for manual, is used from explanation the present invention, but is not construed as limiting the invention with the specific embodiment one below.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is Xia Chuan goaf, the tunnel safety roof plate thickness analytical model according to embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals
1 relaxation zone 2 plastic failure area
3 former petrographic province 4 coal seam floor failure districts
5 goaf 6 tunnel faces
7 coal columns
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is elaborated.Should be understood that, the specific embodiment described herein only, for description and interpretation the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
Under goaf, the major influence factors of tunnel safety top plate thickness has wall rock condition, goaf state (goaf size, form, goaf top plate way to manage), method for tunnel construction, support pattern, blasting vibration etc.These factors affect the stable of safety roof plate thickness, so under wear the stable material impact that causes of tunnel surrounding, for tunnel Xia Chuan goaf engineering design, adopt multifactor theoretical analysis method can estimate the Rational Thickness of safe top board.
Therefore, the invention provides the method for Xia Chuan goaf, a kind of definite tunnel safety roof plate thickness, the method comprises: calculate gob floor collapse dept D; Calculate protolith protective layer thickness s; Calculate the distance R of center, tunnel to vault rupture zone; And the thickness H:H >=D+s+ (R-r) that determines described safe top board according to following equation, wherein, r is tunnel radius.
Fig. 1 is Xia Chuan goaf, the tunnel safety roof plate thickness analytical model according to embodiment of the present invention.After coal mining, gob floor surrounding rock failure with under wear goaf tunnel surrounding and destroy and influence each other, the geometrical relationship between Determining Failure Zone of Surrounding Rock is as shown in Figure 1.Below with reference to Fig. 1, the present invention is explained in more detail.
Gob floor collapse dept D mainly determines by coal column 7 maximum supported pressure and goaf 5 frontier distances, and this distance is subject to the impact of seam mining mode, mining height, goaf scope; Protolith protective layer thickness is mainly subject to physico-mechanical properties, attitude of rocks and the joint fissure situation of rock mass, the tomography of rock stratum changes with the integrated degree of rock mass affects; The unloading of tunnel vault broken rock zone scope and goaf surrouding rock stress, limit of mining, formation lithology etc. are relevant.
Particularly, gob floor collapse dept D can calculate according to following equation:
Wherein, L is coal body yield region width, and L can be 0.015H according to experience value
c, H
cfor seat earth buried depth,
for floor strata angle of internal friction.
Protolith topping is the reserved safe rock stratum between gob floor failure zone and failure zone, arch, tunnel; it has guaranteed that water is unlikely to connect safe top board by destroying fissure zone; cause caving in rapidly of gob floor, this protolith protective layer thickness s is mainly subject to the impact of enclosing lithologies and degree of crushing.Top hydromining coal correlative study has provided the empirical equation of determining this protolith protective layer thickness s:
Wherein, h
1for tunnel thickness, f is rock consolidating coefficient, and c is the severely-weathered tape thickness in rock stratum.
The distance R of center, tunnel to vault rupture zone can be calculated according to plastic zone design formulas:
Wherein, p is the stress of primary rock, p
1for supporting reaction, a is tunnel radius, and c is the severely-weathered tape thickness in rock stratum,
for rock angle of internal friction.
According to the analysis of the Determining Failure Zone of Surrounding Rock geometrical relationship shown in Fig. 1, tunnel safety top plate thickness H can determine according to following equation:
H≥D+s+(R-r)
Wherein, r is tunnel radius.
In engineering practice, restriction due to tunnel surrounding condition, particularly, in the situation that tunnel cross-section is non-circular section, the distance of center, tunnel to vault rupture zone is difficult to take effective method accurately to calculate, and conventionally can adopt Pu Shi pressure arch method to estimate.
Cavern's broken-rock pressure computational methods that the strange refined wealthy promise husband of the general Rothau of the Pu Shi pressure arch Fa Shi scholar of Russia proposed in 1907, in mining engineering, construction of tunnel, application is general.Pu Shi finds through long-term observation, after cavern excavation, cutting due to joint, the rock mass on top, hole produces slump, after slumping to a certain degree, top rock mass can form a natural arch, and country rock, therefore can be using the height of hole rimrock body slump as center, tunnel to the definite foundation of the distance R of vault rupture zone from steady.
Therefore, the distance R of center, tunnel to vault rupture zone can be by hole rimrock body slump height H
tsubstitute, can calculate described hole rimrock body slump height H according to following equation
t:
Wherein, B is tunnel width, and h is tunnel height,
for rock angle of internal friction, f is rock consolidating coefficient.
And for tunnel cross-section, be not in the situation of circular cross section, in the simplification of tunnel wall rock deformation and destruction is analyzed, often stalk arch, bent wall arch etc. being approached to the tunnel-shaped of circular cross section and be reduced to circle, this method is called etc. for circule method.Non-circular tunnel can adopt etc., for circule method, its section to be simplified to circle analysis, waits for radius of circle to be:
r′=(B+h)/4
Wherein, h is tunnel height, and B is tunnel width.
Therefore,, in the situation that tunnel cross-section is non-circular section, can determine tunnel safety top plate thickness H according to following equation:
Below describe by reference to the accompanying drawings the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail; but; the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characterictic described in the above-mentioned specific embodiment, in reconcilable situation, can combine by any suitable mode, for fear of unnecessary repetition, the present invention is to the explanation no longer separately of various possible combinations.
In addition, between various embodiment of the present invention, also can be combined, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (5)
1. a method for Xia Chuan goaf, definite tunnel safety roof plate thickness, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Calculate gob floor collapse dept D;
Calculate protolith protective layer thickness s;
Calculate the distance R of center, tunnel to vault rupture zone; And
According to following equation, determine the thickness H of described safe top board:
H≥D+s+(R-r)
Wherein, r is tunnel radius.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, according to following equation, calculates described gob floor collapse dept D:
Wherein, L is coal body yield region width,
for floor strata angle of internal friction.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, according to following equation, calculates described protolith protective layer thickness s:
Wherein, h
1for tunnel thickness, f is rock consolidating coefficient, and c is the severely-weathered tape thickness in rock stratum.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, calculates the distance R of center, described tunnel to vault rupture zone according to following equation:
Wherein, p is the stress of primary rock, p
1for supporting reaction, a is tunnel radius, and c is the severely-weathered tape thickness in rock stratum,
for rock angle of internal friction.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when tunnel cross-section is non-circular section, described method also comprises:
Use hole rimrock body slump height H
tsubstitute the distance R of center, described tunnel to vault rupture zone, according to following equation, calculate described hole rimrock body slump height H
t:
According to following equation, determine the thickness H of described safe top board:
Wherein, B is tunnel width, and h is tunnel height,
for rock angle of internal friction, f is rock consolidating coefficient.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108399311A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-14 | 广西信达高速公路有限公司 | A method of estimation is prominent to gush the critical top plate thickness in hidden danger tunnel |
| CN109800508A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-24 | 石家庄铁道大学 | The calculation method and terminal device of the empty top plate thickness at rock-socketed piles end |
| CN110630328A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-31 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for measuring protective range of mining protective layer |
| CN113622923A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-09 | 安徽建筑大学 | Partitioned construction method of tunnel penetrating through goaf |
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| JPH06288172A (en) * | 1993-03-31 | 1994-10-11 | Shimizu Corp | Tunnel excavating method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108399311A (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2018-08-14 | 广西信达高速公路有限公司 | A method of estimation is prominent to gush the critical top plate thickness in hidden danger tunnel |
| CN109800508A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-24 | 石家庄铁道大学 | The calculation method and terminal device of the empty top plate thickness at rock-socketed piles end |
| CN110630328A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-31 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for measuring protective range of mining protective layer |
| CN113622923A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-09 | 安徽建筑大学 | Partitioned construction method of tunnel penetrating through goaf |
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| CN103711493B (en) | 2016-08-03 |
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