CN103708612A - 一种短程硝化反硝化脱氮技术控制方法 - Google Patents

一种短程硝化反硝化脱氮技术控制方法 Download PDF

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CN103708612A
CN103708612A CN201310472118.XA CN201310472118A CN103708612A CN 103708612 A CN103708612 A CN 103708612A CN 201310472118 A CN201310472118 A CN 201310472118A CN 103708612 A CN103708612 A CN 103708612A
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于鹏飞
何亚婷
傅金祥
马兴冠
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Shenyang Jianzhu University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种短程硝化反硝化脱氮技术控制方法,目的在于提高脱氮效率、节约能耗、减少污泥产量和节约占地面积,适用于磷的含量却严重不足工业废水处理。磷元素浓度对亚硝化菌与硝化菌的影响存在差异,磷的半饱和系数对于硝化细菌要比亚硝化细菌高一个数量级,所述方法包括目标水质识别与响应、混合液磷浓度控制与调节过程,反应液经在线检测,分析结果输入系统,比对磷元素响应方案,生成磷元素的动态投加方案,输出信号为控制I、II、III调节反应液中磷浓度,实现短程硝化反硝化。通过调节反应液中磷的浓度比例,控制脱氮反应各阶段反应进行程度,以此到达亚硝氮高度积累的目的,实现短程硝化反硝化过程。

Description

一种短程硝化反硝化脱氮技术控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及环境工程污水生物处理技术领域,确切地说是一种短程硝化反硝化脱氮技术控制方法,尤其适用于处理工、农业生产中产生的低磷有机废水。 
背景技术
目前,生物法脱氮是国内外应用最为广泛的污水脱氮技术之一,短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮工艺是一种新型生物脱氮技术,该技术通过改变脱氮条件,控制氮素转化途径,将硝化过程停留在亚硝化阶段,形成NO2-N大量积累,然后通过反硝化直接将亚硝氮还原为N2。该技术具有节约能源、减少污泥产量和节约占地面积等优点。根据当前技术研究现状分析,实现污水处理短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮普遍采用控制反应器内温度、溶解氧、盐度、 pH 值和营养物质等方法。 
微生物作为生物脱氮最基本的循环使者,对氮素自然循环的能量流动、物质循环发挥着独特的、不可替代的作用。微生物的生长繁殖需要有各种营养,其中包括碳源、氮源和矿物质营养源。磷元素是矿物质营养源的一种,是自然界生物体维持生命活动的基本元素之一,所有微生物都需要磷酸盐,它对微生物的生长、繁殖、代谢都起极重要的作用。例如(1)磷是微生物细胞合成核酸、核蛋白、磷脂及其他含磷化合物的重要元素;(2)磷是辅酶I (NAD)、辅酶II(NADP)、辅酶A、辅羧化酶、各种磷酸腺苷(AMP、 ADP、ATP)等的组分;(3)在糖代谢磷酸化作用中起关键性作用;(4)酸酸腺苷中的高能磷酸键在能最贮存和传递中起重要作用;(5)磷酸盐是重要的缓冲剂,调节pH值;(6)磷酸盐可促进巨大芽泡杆菌的芽孢发芽和发育。 
传统理论认为在好氧水处理系统中活性污泥微生物生长对磷的需求量一般按BOD5:N:P=100:5:1考虑,而实际污水中营养物质比例常常极不平衡,部分行业工业废水中磷的含量却严重不足,如啤酒废水、造纸废水和海水废水等。为使短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮工艺更好地应用于实际工程,以实际废水为处理对象,开发新途径实现短程硝化反硝化生物脱氮工艺具有现实意义。 
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种短程硝化反硝化脱氮技术控制方法,以提高脱氮效率、节约能耗、减少污泥产量和节约占地面积,适用于部分行业废水中营养物质比例不平衡,TKN/COD为0.16~0.25,磷的含量却严重不足情况。 
在脱氮反应进行过程中,磷元素含量对亚硝化菌和硝化菌影响存在差异,磷的半饱和系数对于硝化细菌要比亚硝化细菌高一个数量级。因此,调节反应液中磷的浓度比例,控制脱氮反应各阶段反应进行程度,以此到达亚硝氮高度积累的目的,实现短程硝化反硝化过程。为达到以上技术优势,本发明控制短程硝化反硝化方法包括目标水质识别与响应、混合液磷浓度控制与调节。 
目标水质识别与响应,是指通过实时对反应液进行检测分析,分析结果比对系统响应方案,针对该水质指标变化而采取磷元素的动态投加方案。 
混合液浓度控制与调节,是指依据磷元素动态投加方案,将预先配置好的磷调节液投加到脱氮反应相应阶段,达到相应的控制与调节效果。 
系统的具体响应方案为: 
1.在磷浓度0.05mg/L以下,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量低于0.5%时,需投加磷调节液,提高DO值;
2.在磷浓度0.05mg/L以下,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量高于0.5%时,需投加磷调节液,同时投加新污泥,提高DO值;
3.在磷浓度为0.05~0.2mg/L时,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量低于0.5%时,投加新污泥,提高DO值;
4.在磷浓度为0.05~0.2mg/L时,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量高于0.5%时,保持运行;
5.在磷浓度为高于0.2mg/L时,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量低于0.5%时,需投加反磷调节液,降低DO值;
6.在磷浓度为高于0.2mg/L时,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量高于0.5%时,需投加反磷调节液,增大排泥量,降低DO值。
磷调节液主要增加磷浓度,反磷调节液降低磷浓度。 
附图说明
图1为本发明工艺连接示意图。 
图2是本发明计算机程序框图。 
图1中,Ⅰ—磷调节液;Ⅱ—反磷调节液;Ⅲ—沉淀池回流污泥 
1、2、3信号控制器;4检测探头;5曝气管;6搅拌设备;7进水;8硝化液回流;9鼓风曝气;10剩余污泥;a.磷浓度;b.VSS浓度;c.DO,
Figure 10891DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
循环泵;————输出控制信号;—·—·—·—输入控制信号———管路。
具体实施方式
待处理废水,由7进入缺氧池,与来自好氧池的高浓度亚硝氮硝化液混合,在5搅拌条件下进行反硝化;缺氧池出水进入曝气池,通过在线监测探头4收集动态水质变化状况,监测结果经过分析、处理,比对系统响应方案给出针对该水质指标变化而采取磷元素的动态投加方案,通过1、2、3将预先配置好的磷调节液投加到脱氮反应相应阶段,达到相应的控制与调节效果。 

Claims (2)

1.一种短程硝化反硝化脱氮技术控制方法,其特征在于:磷元素浓度对亚硝化菌与硝化菌的影响存在差异,磷的半饱和系数对于硝化细菌要比亚硝化细菌高一个数量级,所述方法包括目标水质识别与响应、混合液磷浓度控制与调节过程,反应液经在线检测,分析结果输入系统,比对磷元素响应方案,生成磷元素的动态投加方案,输出信号为控制I、II、III调节反应液中磷浓度,实现短程硝化反硝化。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种短程硝化反硝化脱氮技术控制方法,其特征在于:磷元素响应体系如下:
①在磷浓度0.05mg/L以下,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量低于0.5%时,需投加磷调节液,提高DO值;
②在磷浓度0.05mg/L以下,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量高于0.5%时,需投加磷调节液,同时投加新污泥,提高DO值;
③在磷浓度为0.05~0.2mg/L时,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量低于0.5%时,投加新污泥,提高DO值;
④在磷浓度为0.05~0.2mg/L时,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量高于0.5%时,保持运行;
⑤在磷浓度为高于0.2mg/L时,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量低于0.5%时,需投加反磷调节液,降低DO值;
⑥在磷浓度为高于0.2mg/L时,且污泥的有机成分中磷的含量高于0.5%时,需投加反磷调节液,增大排泥量,降低DO值。
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CN105548039A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2016-05-04 清华大学 一种活性污泥反硝化速率在线检测装置及检测方法
CN110127847A (zh) * 2019-06-06 2019-08-16 麦王环境技术股份有限公司 一种一体式废水处理装置及其处理方法

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