CN103701381A - Quasi square wave magnetic field running method for asynchronous motor powered by three-phase sine-wave voltage - Google Patents
Quasi square wave magnetic field running method for asynchronous motor powered by three-phase sine-wave voltage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a motor running technology, and aims to provide a quasi square wave magnetic field running method for an asynchronous motor powered by three-phase sine-wave voltage. The method is used for enabling the maximum flux density of teeth of a stator and/or a rotor of the asynchronous motor to enter a deep saturation state to generate an air gap magnetic field distributed in a quasi square wave manner, wherein a quasi square wave refers to that the amplitude of a quasi flat part within the range of more than or equal to 120 degrees at the top of a square wave changes within the range of 0.7 to 1.0 if the amplitude of the flat top of the square wave is supposed to be 1, and in addition, the amplitude of other parts within 180 degrees, i.e. parts within ranges of less than or equal to 30 degrees on the left and right sides of the quasi flat part respectively, is monotonously decreased to be zero from the edges of the quasi flat part. The method has the benefits that the power output and efficiency of the asynchronous motor are improved by three factors, namely flux density increase, waveform changes and harmonic torque when the waveform of the magnetic field changes into the quasi square wave.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor running technology, particularly a kind of operational mode of asynchronous machine of being powered by three-phase sine wave voltage.
Background technology
Asynchronous machine is motor with the most use in national economy.It is to be powered by sine voltage, produces that sinusoidal wave rotating magnetic field makes rotor rotation and work in motor.The voltage that its internal magnetic field of asynchronous machine is inducted must with the externally fed balance of voltage, so the voltage of inducting in magnetic field is also necessary for sine wave.So the magnetic field of asynchronous machine is all Sine distribution at present.
The winding of asynchronous machine often adopts the measures such as distributed winding, short distance winding, skewed slot to make internal magnetic field not depart from as far as possible sine wave, be in magnetic field 5,7 ... content etc. high order harmonic component is as far as possible little, and what make exactly that the fundamental voltage amplitude in magnetic field accounts for magnetic field amplitude is bordering on 100%.Accompanying drawing 1 dotted line representative close to Sine distribution, the waveform of the motor gas-gap magnetic field induced potential of a bit of smooth waveform is arranged at top, solid line representative fundametal compoment wherein, fundamental voltage amplitude is in close proximity to dotted line amplitude.Make motor internal magnetic field become Sine distribution to require motor stator three phase windings that sinusoidal wave exciting curent can be provided, and require motor magnetic circuit substantially in linear condition, the maximum magnetic flux that is magnetic circuit iron core is close in critical saturation condition or non-saturated region, and should not be more than critical saturation condition, more can not be in degree of depth saturation condition.
Wang Ritual-bonfire is raw, and the people of grade once illustrated in Chinese patent " method of supplying power to of asynchronous machine " (patent No. ZL 2,006 1 00498811.1), if with square-wave voltage power supply, produce square wave or quasi-square wave rotating magnetic field in asynchronous machine, can improve exerting oneself of motor.The present invention will provide a solution, show by suitable design, even if powered by sine voltage, also can in motor, produce quasi-square wave rotating magnetic field motor raising is exerted oneself and efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcomes deficiency of the prior art, and a kind of quasi-square wave magnetic field operation method of asynchronous machine of three-phase sine wave voltage power supply is provided.
For technical solution problem, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of quasi-square wave magnetic field operation method of asynchronous machine of three-phase sine wave voltage power supply is provided, makes exactly stator and/or the close degree of depth saturation condition that runs on of rotor tooth portion maximum magnetic flux of asynchronous machine, to produce, be the air-gap field that quasi-square wave distributes;
Described quasi-square wave refers to: the amplitude of supposing square wave flat-top is 1, and the accurate flat in the top of square wave width >=120 ° have the accurate flat of changes in amplitude in 0.7～1.0 scope within the scope of this; Meanwhile, in other parts of 180 °, in each side≤30 ° of accurate flat, the edge from accurate flat drops to zero monotonously.
In the present invention, three phase windings of described asynchronous machine are any one in following connection: three phase windings are connected into star connection, and star mid point is not connected with electrical network mid point; Or three phase windings are connected into triangle, and in every phase winding, do not induct third harmonic voltage or in every phase winding additional 3 subharmonic currents suppress circuit, 3 subharmonic currents can not circulated.
In the present invention, described three-phase sine wave voltage power supply is by mains supply, or frequency converter frequency control power supply.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
When field waveform becomes quasi-square wave, there are three factors that exerting oneself of asynchronous machine and efficiency are improved.
First factor, the close raising of magnetic: when stator magnet close from critical saturated rise to the degree of depth when saturated magnetic flux increase, for example from 1.5T, be increased to 1.75T, if waveform constant (still for sinusoidal wave), the voltage scale of inducting in magnetic field improves, from 1.5V, bring up to 1.75V, improved 1.75/1.5=1.167 doubly.
Second factor, waveform change: in the voltage waveform of inducting in the saturated quasi-square wave magnetic field of the degree of depth amplitude of first-harmonic be quasi-square wave amplitude C1 doubly, C1 probably equals 1.15～1.22, the amplitude that is first-harmonic induced potential in the every circle of winding is more taller approximately 15～22% than 1.167 times of voltages of inducting under above-mentioned first factor, therefore the fundamental voltage that the every circle of winding is inducted will further improve 1.167 * (1.15～1.22)=1.342～1.423 times.Under certain supply power voltage, the raising of every circle induced potential represents that the number of turn can reduce, can overstriking at same groove area lower wire, and the number of turn reduces that overstriking makes resistance become quadratic relationship to reduce with wire, makes like this exerting oneself of motor be improved with efficiency.
The 3rd factor, harmonic torque: owing to also containing the high order harmonic components such as 3,5,7 in quasi-square wave magnetic field except first-harmonic, these high order harmonic components and first-harmonic turn to together, same rotating speed, when the synchronous speed in rotor speed and magnetic field has slip, these harmonic waves are by cutting rotor, on rotor, produce harmonic current, cause harmonic torque, make the motor increase of exerting oneself.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is voltage waveform and the fundametal compoment schematic diagram that sinusoidal magnetic field is inducted.
Fig. 2 is voltage waveform and the fundametal compoment schematic diagram that square wave field is inducted.
Fig. 3 is voltage waveform and the fundametal compoment schematic diagram that in the present invention, induct in quasi-square wave magnetic field.
Fig. 4 is the non-saturated region (quasi linear region auto) of magnetization curve, critical saturation region, saturation region and degree of depth saturation region.
Embodiment
Chinese patent " method of supplying power to of asynchronous machine " (patent No. ZL 2006100498811.1) points out, when the magnetic field of asynchronous machine is made square wave or quasi-square wave into, it exerting oneself and increasing when efficiency can be than sine wave.Square wave supply power voltage can produce square wave field.In accompanying drawing 2, dotted line represents the voltage that square wave field is inducted, solid line representative fundametal compoment wherein.Fundamental voltage amplitude is 4/ π (=1.273) times of square wave amplitude, represents both ratio, i.e. C1=1.273 with C1.In the present invention, will illustrate that sine voltage power supply under certain condition also can produce quasi-square wave magnetic field in motor, thereby improve exerting oneself and efficiency of motor.
In the present invention, the quasi-square wave magnetic field operation method of the asynchronous machine of three-phase sine wave voltage power supply, is stator and/or the close degree of depth saturation condition that runs on of rotor tooth portion maximum magnetic flux that makes asynchronous machine, to produce, is the air-gap field that quasi-square wave distributes; Said quasi-square wave refers to: the top width of square wave in the scope of >=120 °, have changes in amplitude in 0.7～1.0 scope (make even top amplitude be 1) accurate flat, simultaneously in other parts of 180 °, in each side≤30 ° of accurate flat, from accurate planar edge, drop to monotonously zero.
In the present invention, require motor three phase windings to be connected into star connection, and star mid point is not connected with electrical network mid point, if be connected into delta connection, not induct in every phase winding third harmonic voltage or every mutually in additional 3 subharmonic currents suppress circuit, 3 subharmonic currents can not circulated.
For example, accompanying drawing 3 represents the example one by one of quasi-square waves, and its flat-top wide is that 150 °, flat-top amplitude smoothly rise to 1.0 of central authorities from 0.7 of flat-top both sides, drops to monotonously zero in each 15 ° of its both sides from 0.7 of flat-top edge.The C1 value of this quasi-square wave probably equals 1.15～1.22 left and right, is slightly less than 1.273 but be greater than 1, and its contained fundamental voltage amplitude is about 1.15～1.22 times of left and right of quasi-square wave amplitude.As long as it is close in degree of depth saturation condition to make sine voltage when power supply produce the maximum magnetic flux that quasi-square wave magnetic field makes iron teeth at motor internal.After accompanying drawing 3 to be exactly usual motor improve under sine voltage power supply its degree of saturation unshakable in one's determination, air-gap field becomes the waveform of quasi-square wave.Make saturated as long as design motor stator and the rotor of core tooth part or any one tooth portion maximum magnetic flux wherein close in degree of depth saturation condition.
In the present invention, described non-saturated region, is exactly the initial almost linear section of the high slope of magnetization curve, sees accompanying drawing 4.For used dynamo sheet, the general magnetic of non-saturated region is close is the section of 0～1.4 left and right Tesla.
In the present invention, described critical saturation region, be exactly " knee " of usually said magnetization curve, the transition zone between the initial almost linear unsaturation section of the high slope of magnetization curve and the accurate planar section of low slope namely, as shown in Figure 4, for used dynamo sheet, critical saturation magnetic induction is probably 1.5T left and right.
In the present invention, described saturation region, is exactly the accurate planar section of the low slope on magnetization curve critical saturated, as shown in Figure 4.For used dynamo sheet, saturation magnetic induction is probably more than 1.5T.
In the present invention, described degree of depth saturation region, is exactly the decline in saturated section, makes motor tooth portion magnetic field maximum intensity reach critical 4～5 times of above regions when saturated, and magnetization curve slope is bordering on zero.It is close that it namely makes Distribution of Magnetic Field can reach the magnetic of above-mentioned quasi-square wave state.For used dynamo sheet, degree of depth saturation magnetic induction is probably more than 1.7T.
Foregoing invention is the non-linear phenomena of having utilized ferromagnetic material theoretically, has produced the effect that changes field waveform, the sinusoidal wave exciting curent of stator is produced contain the quasi-square wave magnetic field of the subharmonic such as 3,5,7.Because adopting star connection, motor winding makes to there will not be 3 subharmonic currents in the every phase winding of stator simultaneously, in the wire-wound group that adjacent two are in series forms, there will not be 3 subharmonic voltages, and utilizing distributed winding, short distance winding to make the high order harmonic components such as 5,7 in the quasi-square wave magnetic field subharmonic voltages such as 5,7 of substantially not inducting in stator winding, the line voltage that therefore induct in above-mentioned quasi-square wave magnetic field in stator winding can be in a basic balance with the sinusoidal swash voltage that is added in winding terminal by electrical network.
Concrete case study on implementation:
We have designed one by three-phase, 380V, 4 utmost points of sine voltage power supply, the asynchronous motor in quasi-square wave magnetic field, its the total groove number of stator is 48 grooves, 4 grooves of every extremely every phase, and stator winding is short distance distributed winding, coil spread is the 1st to the 11st groove, and coil span Y is 10 grooves.Winding coefficient Kdp1=0.9250 to first-harmonic, is respectively the winding coefficient of the 5th, 7,11,13 subharmonic
Kdp5=0.053145；
Kdp7=0.04078；
Kdp11=0.12178；
Kdp13=0.12178；
Three phase windings of motor are connected into star connection.Close 1.7～the 1.8Tesla that is designed to of tooth portion maximum magnetic flux, in degree of depth saturation condition.This motor-field induced potential waveform by design substantially as shown in Figure 3.
Claims (3)
1. the quasi-square wave magnetic field operation method of the asynchronous machine of three-phase sine wave voltage power supply, is characterized in that, is stator and/or the close degree of depth saturation condition that runs on of rotor tooth portion maximum magnetic flux that makes asynchronous machine, to produce, is the air-gap field that quasi-square wave distributes;
Described quasi-square wave refers to: the amplitude of supposing square wave flat-top is 1, and the top of square wave has the accurate flat of changes in amplitude in 0.7～1.0 scope in the scope of >=120 °; Meanwhile, in other parts of 180 °, in each side≤30 ° of accurate flat, the edge from accurate flat drops to zero monotonously.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, three phase windings of described asynchronous machine are any one in following connection:
Three phase windings are connected into star connection, and star mid point is not connected with electrical network mid point; Or,
Three phase windings are connected into triangle, and the third harmonic voltage of not inducting in every phase winding, or every in mutually additional 3 subharmonic currents suppress circuit, 3 subharmonic currents can not circulated.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described three-phase sine wave voltage power supply is by mains supply, or frequency converter frequency control power supply.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105186931A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-12-23 | 乐晓蓉 | Identification method of fault current in starting process of asynchronous motor |
| US11453311B2 (en) | 2021-01-08 | 2022-09-27 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Battery thermal management system, control method and device of battery heating system, device and medium |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101409527A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-04-15 | 浙江大学 | Power supply method for asynchronous motor |
| CN101814873A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2010-08-25 | 汪槱生 | Soft starter used for continuous frequency conversion and voltage transformation of motor |
| CN101902182A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2010-12-01 | 汪槱生 | Improved continuous variable-voltage and variable-frequency soft starter |
| CN102263522A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2011-11-30 | 蔡卓剑 | Multiphase square wave inverter composed of thyristor and turned off by use of oscillating current |
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2013
- 2013-12-08 CN CN201310672278.9A patent/CN103701381B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101409527A (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2009-04-15 | 浙江大学 | Power supply method for asynchronous motor |
| CN101814873A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2010-08-25 | 汪槱生 | Soft starter used for continuous frequency conversion and voltage transformation of motor |
| CN101902182A (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2010-12-01 | 汪槱生 | Improved continuous variable-voltage and variable-frequency soft starter |
| CN102263522A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2011-11-30 | 蔡卓剑 | Multiphase square wave inverter composed of thyristor and turned off by use of oscillating current |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105186931A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-12-23 | 乐晓蓉 | Identification method of fault current in starting process of asynchronous motor |
| CN105186931B (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2018-01-23 | 乐晓蓉 | The recognition methods of asynchronous machine start-up course fault current |
| US11453311B2 (en) | 2021-01-08 | 2022-09-27 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Battery thermal management system, control method and device of battery heating system, device and medium |
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