CN103701089A - Hardware overload or short circuit protection circuit and DC (Direct Current) power supply circuit - Google Patents
Hardware overload or short circuit protection circuit and DC (Direct Current) power supply circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103701089A CN103701089A CN201310752672.3A CN201310752672A CN103701089A CN 103701089 A CN103701089 A CN 103701089A CN 201310752672 A CN201310752672 A CN 201310752672A CN 103701089 A CN103701089 A CN 103701089A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hardware overload or short circuit protection circuit. The hardware overload or short circuit protection circuit is characterized by comprising a switching power supply output unit K, a current limiting output resistor R0 and a protection unit P, wherein the switching power supply output unit K is arranged between a DC (Direct Current) power supply E and the positive pole of a power supply output end, and is used for controlling the on-off of the circuit, the current limiting output resistor R0 is arranged on a line between the switching power supply output unit K and the positive pole of the power supply output end, and is used for detecting the voltage difference between the two ends of the current limiting output resistor R0, and the protection unit P comprises a positive feedback comparison circuit which generates a hysteresis comparison range, that is, a first comparison voltage threshold and a second comparison voltage threshold, wherein the first comparison voltage threshold is larger than the second comparison voltage threshold. According to the hardware overload or short circuit protection circuit, the structure is simple, the cost of the used components is low, the control precision is high, and the problem of repeated triggering by mistake is avoided. The hardware overload or short circuit protection circuit can be widely used in the DC power supply protection circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power protection field, especially relate to a kind of hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit and DC power-supplying circuit.
Background technology
In automation field, controller often needs to gather the signal of a plurality of external sensors, carries out FEEDBACK CONTROL.Overwhelming majority transducers are active formulas, need the power supply could normal work, and this just needs controller indoor design to have to can be the power system circuit of transducer power supply.
If external sensor and controller internal circuit are used same power module circuitry power supply, when externally transducer breaks down or causes the anodal and negative pole short circuit of the power supply of transducer due to wire harness problem, can make controller internal circuit also cannot obtain normal power supply, thereby make whole system paralysis.Therefore the power supply of controller internal circuit and the power supply of external sensor must separately design, and have separately overload and short-circuit protection.
In the art, with in similar field, be mainly at present to use this method of integrated circuit (IC) chip with defencive function to solve this problem, this method has following shortcoming: (1) integrated circuit (IC) chip price is higher; If controller need to carry out separate power supply for a plurality of transducers, use cost is more considerable; (2) the output current ability of the integrated circuit (IC) chip of every kind of model is fixed, and therefore different sensor application may need to mate the integrated circuit (IC) chip of different model, limited in design application.
Also there is in addition the method for using software protection, specifically by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program, load current is detected, then according to the result detecting, carry out the switch control of power supply.First this method needs to design accurate flow measurement circuit, and design cost is higher, and the response time of next software protection is rapid not, therefore this protection unreliable.
Use on the line in addition PPTC from the method for recovering insurance or fuse; although this method circuit structure is the simplest, cost is minimum; but the response time is also slower, it is unreliable to protect, and is also not suitable for the circuit application of nominal load current less (as being less than 100mA).
Chinese invention patent (number of patent application CN201010216394.6) discloses a kind of over-voltage and over-current hardware protection circuit, wherein used anti-phase ratio circuit to carry out the detection of electric current, sort circuit is in actual applications due to precision and the operational amplifier performance issue of resistance, when amplification coefficient is less, error is larger, may cause false triggering repeatedly, application has larger limitation; In addition in this invention except using comparator, also used the devices such as gate circuit and optocoupler to drive signal to carry out locking to protection and avoided vibration, structure is too complicated.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit and DC power-supplying circuit, solve existing protective circuit and adopt anti-phase ratio circuit to carry out the detection of electric current, error is large, the easy problem of false triggering repeatedly, and complex structure, and cost is high.
One of the technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit is provided, comprises: be arranged on the Switching Power Supply output unit K for control circuit break-make between DC power supply E and power supply output head anode;
Current limliting output resistance R0, it is arranged on the circuit between Switching Power Supply output unit K and power supply output head anode;
Protected location P, it comprises a positive feedback comparison circuit, it is more interval that it produces a hysteresis, i.e. the first comparative voltage threshold value and the second comparative voltage threshold value, the first described comparative voltage threshold value is greater than the second comparative voltage threshold value;
Described positive feedback comparison circuit receives the voltage at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends, when the voltage difference at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends is greater than the first comparative voltage threshold value, positive feedback comparison circuit output in protected location P is cut off output protection signal to Switching Power Supply output unit K, cut off the output of Switching Power Supply output unit K, thereby protect whole power-supply system; If current limliting output resistance R0 both end voltage is poor while being less than the second comparative voltage threshold value; protective circuit stops output protection signal; by setting the second comparative voltage threshold value, be less than zero; the cut-out output protection signal of protective current output is locking always; until re-powering after fault eliminating just can recover normal next time.
Described Switching Power Supply output unit K comprises input port 4-1, grounding ports 4-2, output port 4-3, power supply port 4-4, the first switching tube Q1 and second switch pipe Q2, the first switching tube Q1 receives the signal of input port 4-1 in order to drive second switch pipe Q2, second switch pipe Q2 is connected with output port 4-3, power supply port 4-4, for exporting power supply.
Described protected location P also comprises the 3rd switching tube Q3; comparator U1 receives the voltage at self-limiting output resistance R0 two ends; when voltage difference surpasses the threshold value of setting; output protection signal is cut off in comparator U1 output; make the 3rd switching tube Q3 conducting; the 3rd switching tube Q3 is transferred to out signal the input port 4-1 of Switching Power Supply output unit K, and the first switching tube Q1 receives the signal of input port 4-1 in order to drive second switch pipe Q2, thus the output state of control switch power supply output unit K.
Described protected location P comprises the output port 5-1 being connected with the input port 4-1 of Switching Power Supply output unit K; Grounding ports 5-2; The the second state input port 5-3 being connected with current limliting output resistance R0 output; The the first state input port 5-4 being connected with current limliting output resistance R0 input; The power supply port 5-5 being connected with DC power supply E.Between the positive input of described comparator U1 and the first state input port 5-4, be provided with power supply state the first input resistance R6, between the reverse input end of comparator U1 and the second state input port 5-3, be provided with power supply state the second input resistance R7.
Further, described protected location P also comprises the 3rd driving resistance R 10 of the 3rd pull-up resistor R9, driving the 3rd switching tube Q3 for improving power supply stability.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has constructed a kind of two-stage switch driving circuit simple in structure and positive feedback comparison control circuit, has realized the protective circuit with overload and short-circuit protection.
The present invention solves another technical scheme that its technical problem adopts: a kind of DC power-supplying circuit is provided, comprise DC power supply E, power supply output head anode and power supply negative pole of output end, comprising: be arranged on the Switching Power Supply output unit K for control circuit break-make between DC power supply E and power supply output head anode; Current limliting output resistance R0, it is arranged on the circuit between Switching Power Supply output unit K and power supply output head anode; Protected location P, it comprises a positive feedback comparison circuit, it is more interval that it produces a hysteresis, i.e. the first comparative voltage threshold value and the second comparative voltage threshold value, the first described comparative voltage threshold value is greater than the second comparative voltage threshold value;
Described positive feedback comparison circuit receives the voltage at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends, when the voltage difference at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends is greater than the first comparative voltage threshold value, positive feedback comparison circuit output in protected location P is cut off output protection signal to Switching Power Supply output unit K, cut off the output of Switching Power Supply output unit K, thereby protect whole power-supply system; If current limliting output resistance R0 both end voltage is poor while being less than the second comparative voltage threshold value; protective circuit stops output protection signal; by setting the second comparative voltage threshold value, be less than zero; the cut-out output protection signal of protective current output is locking always; until re-powering after fault eliminating just can recover normal next time.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: by the break-make of protective circuit control switch power supply output unit, control the break-make of external circuit, simple in structure.Directly adopt voltage to be used as the parameter of FEEDBACK CONTROL, avoided the transporting discharging type flow measurement circuit that use error is larger, realized high-precision control, overload and short-circuit protection are rapidly, reliably.The positive feedback comparative structure adopting in protected location, make when there is overload and short trouble, the cut-out output protection signal of protected location output is locking always, until next time re-powering after fault eliminating, just can recover normal, avoided causing power supply output and protection perseveration and causing rush of current by hidden failure (as circuit virtual connection problem causes transducer power supply both positive and negative polarity imaginary short), damaged respective element; By adjusting the parameter of positive feedback parameter and current-limiting resistance, can set flexibly the size of protective current, strong adaptability.And only with a comparator, just realized output and the locking of overload protection signal, simple in structure, with low cost, easy to implement.
Below with reference to drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is circuit diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the internal circuit diagram of protective circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the internal circuit diagram I of Switching Power Supply output unit in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the internal circuit diagram II of Switching Power Supply output unit in the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, a kind of hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit, comprising: be arranged on the Switching Power Supply output unit K for control circuit break-make between DC power supply E and power supply output head anode;
Current limliting output resistance R0, it is arranged on the circuit between Switching Power Supply output unit K and power supply output head anode;
Protected location P, it comprises a positive feedback comparison circuit, it is more interval that it produces a hysteresis, i.e. the first comparative voltage threshold value and the second comparative voltage threshold value, the first described comparative voltage threshold value is greater than the second comparative voltage threshold value;
Described positive feedback comparison circuit receives the voltage at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends, when the voltage difference at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends is greater than the first comparative voltage threshold value, positive feedback comparison circuit output in protected location P is cut off output protection signal to Switching Power Supply output unit K, cut off the output of Switching Power Supply output unit K, thereby protect whole power-supply system; If current limliting output resistance R0 both end voltage is poor while being less than the second comparative voltage threshold value; protective circuit stops output protection signal; by setting the second comparative voltage threshold value, be less than zero; the cut-out output protection signal of protective current output is locking always; until re-powering after fault eliminating just can recover normal next time.
Described positive feedback comparison circuit comprises comparator U1, positive feedback resistor R8 and power supply state the first input resistance R6;
The positive input of described comparator U1 and power supply state the first input resistance R6 are connected to the input of current limliting output resistance R0, reverse input end and power supply state the second input resistance R7 are connected to the output of current limliting output resistance R0, and positive feedback resistor R8 is arranged between the positive input and output of comparator U1.
Described Switching Power Supply output unit K comprises input port 4-1, grounding ports 4-2, output port 4-3, power supply port 4-4, and the first pull-up resistor R1, first drives resistance R 2, the first switching tube Q1, the second pull-up resistor R3, second to drive resistance R 4, second switch pipe Q2.The first switching tube Q1 receives the signal of input port 4-1 in order to drive second switch pipe Q2, and second switch pipe Q2 is connected with output port 4-3, power supply port 4-4, for exporting power supply.
Described protected location P also comprises the 3rd switching tube Q3; comparator U1 receives the voltage at self-limiting output resistance R0 two ends; when voltage difference surpasses the threshold value of setting; output protection signal is cut off in comparator U1 output; make the 3rd switching tube Q3 conducting; the 3rd switching tube Q3 is transferred to signal the input port 4-1 of Switching Power Supply output unit K, and the first switching tube Q1 receives the signal of input port 4-1 in order to drive second switch pipe Q2, thus the output state of control switch power supply output unit K.
Described protected location P comprises the output port 5-1 being connected with the input port 4-1 of Switching Power Supply output unit K; Grounding ports 5-2; The the second state input port 5-3 being connected with current limliting output resistance R0 output; The the first state input port 5-4 being connected with current limliting output resistance R0 input; The power supply port 5-5 being connected with DC power supply E.Between the positive input of described comparator U1 and the first state input port 5-4, be provided with power supply state the first input resistance R6, between the reverse input end of comparator U1 and the second state input port 5-3, be provided with power supply state the second input resistance R7.
Further, described protected location P also comprises the 3rd driving resistance R 10 of the 3rd pull-up resistor R9, driving the 3rd switching tube Q3 for improving power supply stability.
Described second switch pipe Q2 can be common triode, and in order to reduce the loss of voltage on power supply output head anode 2, the switching tube Q2 in Switching Power Supply output unit 4 is adopted as the little field effect transistor of internal resistance, can greatly reduce the loss of voltage in large electric current application.For example, if the internal resistance of Q2 is 0.1 ohm,, under the output current of 1A, the loss of voltage on Q2 is only 0.1V.Can to the parameter of Q2, choose according to the loss of voltage of maximum output current and permission in actual applications.
A DC power-supplying circuit, comprises DC power supply E, and power supply output head anode and power supply negative pole of output end, comprising: be arranged on the Switching Power Supply output unit K for control circuit break-make between DC power supply E and power supply output head anode; Current limliting output resistance R0, it is arranged on the circuit between Switching Power Supply output unit K and power supply output head anode; Positive feedback comparison circuit output in protected location P is cut off output protection signal to Switching Power Supply output unit K, cuts off the output of Switching Power Supply output unit K, thereby protects whole power-supply system; If current limliting output resistance R0 both end voltage is poor while being less than the second comparative voltage threshold value; protective circuit stops output protection signal; by setting the second comparative voltage threshold value, be less than zero; the cut-out output protection signal of protective current output is locking always; until re-powering after fault eliminating just can recover normal next time.
Operation principle of the present invention is: after powering on according to carrying out following Analysis of Transient in the situation without any fault.
(1) Switching Power Supply output unit K output voltage not under default conditions first; output current is 0; current-limiting resistance R0 both end voltage is poor is 0; now the positive input terminal of the comparator U1 of protected location inside and the voltage difference between negative input end are 0; do not surpass the positive feedback comparative voltage threshold value setting; therefore comparator U1 is output as 0, switching tube Q3 cut-off, and the state of port 5-1 is not controlled.
(2) inner at Switching Power Supply output unit K, the effect of drawing high due to the first pull-up resistor R1, the PN junction positively biased of switching tube Q1 and realize conducting, the base stage of switching tube Q2 is dragged down, thereby also there is positively biased and realize conducting, Switching Power Supply output unit K output port 4-3 output voltage in the PN junction that makes Q2.
When the output current of Switching Power Supply output unit K does not surpass the protective current of setting; the poor positive feedback comparative voltage threshold value setting that also do not surpass of current-limiting resistance R0 both end voltage; therefore the output of comparator U1 still remains 0, and Switching Power Supply output unit K keeps stable output.
Once there is overload or sensor internal short circuit; the output current of Switching Power Supply output unit K is greater than the protective current of setting; the poor positive feedback comparative voltage threshold value setting that is greater than of current-limiting resistance R0 both end voltage; therefore comparator U1 exports the cut-out output protection signal of high level; switching tube Q3 is because PN junction positively biased realizes conducting; the state of port 5-1 and 4-1 is dragged down, and makes switching tube Q1 and Q2 from conducting state, become cut-off state rapidly, and Switching Power Supply output unit K stops output.
In protected location P, positive feedback comparative structure has hysteresis effect, only have and be less than 0 when the positive input port of comparator U1 and the voltage difference between negative input port, comparator U1 can be just low level output from high level output upset, and in the connected mode of circuit of the present invention, there is being never less than 0 state in positive input port and the voltage difference between negative input port of comparator U1, once therefore occur after overload or short circuit, the cut-out output protection signal of high level will be prevented vibration always by locking, thereby avoid the output being caused by hidden failure and protect the current impact that repeatedly triggers and cause.
If do not re-power in the situation that overload fault or short trouble are got rid of; in the moment of Switching Power Supply output unit K output voltage; current-limiting resistance R0 both end voltage is poor will surpass the positive feedback comparative voltage threshold value of setting; comparator U1 will move rapidly and export the cut-out output protection signal of high level, and this signal is by locking afterwards.
If re-power after overload fault or short trouble are excluded, situation will be described above the same without the Analysis of Transient under any failure condition.
In DC power-supplying circuit of the present invention, the output voltage of power supply output head anode is to keep following with the voltage of power input, if external connection electrical apparatus element needs 5V power supply, power input is connected to 5V; If external connection electrical apparatus element needs 12V power supply, power input is connected to 12V, by that analogy.The DC characteristic parameter that depends on comparator U1, circuit of the present invention can adapt to the application of 5V～32V all voltages within the scope of this.
Claims (9)
1. a hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit, is characterized in that: comprising: be arranged on the Switching Power Supply output unit K for control circuit break-make between DC power supply E and power supply output head anode;
Current limliting output resistance R0, it is arranged on the circuit between Switching Power Supply output unit K and power supply output head anode, for detection of the voltage difference at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends;
Protected location P, it comprises a positive feedback comparison circuit, it is more interval that it produces a hysteresis, i.e. the first comparative voltage threshold value and the second comparative voltage threshold value, the first described comparative voltage threshold value is greater than the second comparative voltage threshold value;
Described positive feedback comparison circuit receives the voltage at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends, when the voltage difference at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends is greater than the first comparative voltage threshold value, positive feedback comparison circuit output in protected location P is cut off output protection signal to Switching Power Supply output unit K, cut off the output of Switching Power Supply output unit K, thereby protect whole power-supply system; If current limliting output resistance R0 both end voltage is poor while being less than the second comparative voltage threshold value; protective circuit stops output protection signal; by setting the second comparative voltage threshold value, be less than zero; the cut-out output protection signal of protective current output is locking always; until re-powering after fault eliminating just can recover normal next time.
2. hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described positive feedback comparison circuit comprises comparator U1, positive feedback resistor R8 and power supply state the first input resistance R6;
The positive input of described comparator U1 and power supply state the first input resistance R6 are connected to the input of current limliting output resistance R0, reverse input end and power supply state the second input resistance R7 are connected to the output of current limliting output resistance R0, and positive feedback resistor R8 is arranged between the positive input and output of comparator U1.
3. hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: described Switching Power Supply output unit K comprises input port 4-1, grounding ports 4-2, output port 4-3, power supply port 4-4; the first switching tube Q1 and second switch pipe Q2; the first switching tube Q1 receives the signal of input port 4-1 in order to drive second switch pipe Q2; second switch pipe Q2 is connected with output port 4-3, power supply port 4-4, for exporting power supply.
4. hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described protected location P also comprises the 3rd switching tube Q3, comparator U1 receives the voltage at self-limiting output resistance R0 two ends, when voltage difference surpasses the threshold value of setting, output protection signal is cut off in comparator U1 output, make the 3rd switching tube Q3 conducting, the 3rd switching tube Q3 is transferred to signal the input port 4-1 of Switching Power Supply output unit K, the first switching tube Q1 receives the signal of input port 4-1 in order to drive second switch pipe Q2, thereby the output state of control switch power supply output unit K.
5. hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described protected location P comprises the output port 5-1 being connected with the input port 4-1 of Switching Power Supply output unit K; Grounding ports 5-2; The the second state input port 5-3 being connected with current limliting output resistance R0 output; The the first state input port 5-4 being connected with current limliting output resistance R0 input; The power supply port 5-5 being connected with DC power supply E.
6. hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit as claimed in claim 5; it is characterized in that: between the positive input of described comparator U1 and the first state input port 5-4, be provided with power supply state the first input resistance R6, between the reverse input end of comparator U1 and the second state input port 5-3, be provided with power supply state the second input resistance R7.
7. the hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit as described in claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: described protected location P also comprises the 3rd driving resistance R 10 of the 3rd pull-up resistor R9, driving the 3rd switching tube Q3 for improving power supply stability.
8. hardware overload or short-circuit protection circuit as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described second switch pipe Q2 is the little field effect transistor of internal resistance.
9. a DC power-supplying circuit, comprises DC power supply E, and power supply output head anode and power supply negative pole of output end, is characterized in that: comprising: be arranged on the Switching Power Supply output unit K for control circuit break-make between DC power supply E and power supply output head anode;
Current limliting output resistance R0, it is arranged on the circuit between Switching Power Supply output unit K and power supply output head anode;
Protected location P, it comprises a positive feedback comparison circuit, it is more interval that it produces a hysteresis, i.e. the first comparative voltage threshold value and the second comparative voltage threshold value, the first described comparative voltage threshold value is greater than the second comparative voltage threshold value;
Described positive feedback comparison circuit receives the voltage at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends, when the voltage difference at current limliting output resistance R0 two ends is greater than the first comparative voltage threshold value, positive feedback comparison circuit output in protected location P is cut off output protection signal to Switching Power Supply output unit K, cut off the output of Switching Power Supply output unit K, thereby protect whole power-supply system; If current limliting output resistance R0 both end voltage is poor while being less than the second comparative voltage threshold value; protective circuit stops output protection signal; by setting the second comparative voltage threshold value, be less than zero; the cut-out output protection signal of protective current output is locking always; until re-powering after fault eliminating just can recover normal next time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310752672.3A CN103701089A (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Hardware overload or short circuit protection circuit and DC (Direct Current) power supply circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310752672.3A CN103701089A (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Hardware overload or short circuit protection circuit and DC (Direct Current) power supply circuit |
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| CN103701089A true CN103701089A (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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| CN201310752672.3A Pending CN103701089A (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | Hardware overload or short circuit protection circuit and DC (Direct Current) power supply circuit |
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| CN202150929U (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2012-02-22 | 深圳市麦思美科技有限公司 | Audio device and audio switching circuit thereof |
| CN203368021U (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-25 | 广东九联科技股份有限公司 | Protection circuit for set top box |
| CN203645299U (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-06-11 | 昌辉汽车转向系统（黄山）有限公司 | Hardware overload or short circuit protective circuit and DC power supply circuit |
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2013
- 2013-12-31 CN CN201310752672.3A patent/CN103701089A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3590275A (en) * | 1968-10-11 | 1971-06-29 | Rca Corp | Control circuits |
| JPS6055418A (en) * | 1983-09-05 | 1985-03-30 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Overcurrent protecting circuit of constant voltage circuit |
| US20040070908A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-04-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Overcurrent protection of input/output devices in a data processing system |
| CN101939900A (en) * | 2008-02-08 | 2011-01-05 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Envelope tracking power supply circuit and comprise the high-frequency amplifier of this circuit |
| CN201656433U (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2010-11-24 | 国基电子（上海）有限公司 | Overheat protection circuit and electronic equipment using overheat protection circuit |
| CN202150929U (en) * | 2011-07-14 | 2012-02-22 | 深圳市麦思美科技有限公司 | Audio device and audio switching circuit thereof |
| CN203368021U (en) * | 2013-08-20 | 2013-12-25 | 广东九联科技股份有限公司 | Protection circuit for set top box |
| CN203645299U (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-06-11 | 昌辉汽车转向系统（黄山）有限公司 | Hardware overload or short circuit protective circuit and DC power supply circuit |
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Application publication date: 20140402 |