CN103700798A - Fiber chemical energy storage power supply and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a fiber chemical energy storage power supply and a preparation method thereof, which comprises a fiber positive electrode, a fiber negative electrode, an electrolyte, a diaphragm fiber and an outer packaging layer. The fiber positive electrode (fiber negative electrode) also includes a conductive filamentary substrate and an electrochemically active material coated on the conductive filament. The separator fiber is an insulating fiber wound on the surface of one of the working electrodes with a certain pitch, so as to prevent the short circuit caused by the direct contact of the two electrodes. The fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode can be intertwined or placed in parallel, and placed in a flexible outer packaging layer, and the electrolyte is filled between the outer packaging layer and the two working electrodes. This fiber-like chemical energy storage power supply can not only achieve efficient energy storage, but also endow the energy storage battery with good flexibility and portability. It is worth mentioning that the fibrous chemical energy storage power structure we invented can be used in all types of chemical energy storage power sources, which can greatly enrich the power sources in our lives.

Description

A fiber chemical energy storage power supply and its preparation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of chemical energy storage power supply, in particular to a highly flexible, weavable and portable fiber chemical energy storage power supply equipment.

Background technique

The excessive use of fossil energy by human society has led to the deterioration of environmental problems and directly affected the sustainable development of human beings. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop green energy and high-efficiency energy storage devices. As a kind of high-efficiency energy storage device based on redox chemical reaction, chemical power source has attracted more and more attention from scientists and industries. Common chemical power sources include zinc-manganese alkaline primary batteries, zinc-manganese alkaline secondary batteries, nickel-zinc secondary batteries, nickel-metal hydride secondary batteries, lead storage batteries, silver-zinc secondary batteries and widely used lithium-ion batteries, etc. Each of these batteries has its own unique advantages. For example, zinc-manganese alkaline batteries are famous for their low cost, lithium-ion batteries are widely studied for their high energy storage density, and nickel-metal hydride secondary batteries and lead-acid batteries are famous for their safety and stability. Widely used in electric vehicles.

In recent years, the rise of flexible electronics has greatly promoted the development of flexible energy storage devices. The traditional chemical power supply structure is basically based on a sandwich structure, which consists of a two-dimensional plane positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and separator, which are further rolled to form a rigid cylindrical, cuboid or other shaped chemical power supply. In this way, traditional rigid chemical power sources cannot meet the requirements of flexible electronic energy storage devices. To this end, the researchers further proposed the development of flexible chemical energy storage power sources, such as flexible lithium-ion batteries, flexible and stretchable zinc-manganese primary batteries, etc. Compared with supercapacitors with rigid structures, flexible supercapacitors have a wider range of applications. However, these flexible batteries are still based on a two-dimensional planar sandwich structure, so their applications in some fields are still limited, such as their portability. Sex or special space restricts its assembly, etc.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fiber chemical energy storage power supply, which has high efficiency, high flexibility, weavable and portable performance, and can effectively solve the problem of diversified applications of flexible energy storage equipment. need.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a fiber chemical energy storage power supply.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved by following technical scheme:

A fibrous chemical energy storage power supply, which includes a fiber positive electrode, a fiber negative electrode, an electrolyte, a separator fiber and an outer packaging layer; the separator fiber is wound on at least one of the fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode; the The electrolyte is filled between the fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode, and is wrapped in the outer packaging layer together with it.

Further, the fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode respectively include a conductive filamentary substrate and an electrochemically active material coated outside the conductive filamentary substrate.

Further, the conductive filamentary substrate includes a metallic filament or a non-metallic conductive filament or a filamentous structure in which a conductive material is wrapped around a filamentary core.

Specifically, the conductive filamentary substrate can be metal wire, including stainless steel fiber, nickel fiber; or non-metallic conductive wire, such as carbon-based conductive fiber, including carbon fiber, carbon nanofiber, graphene fiber; conductive polymer fiber, Including PEDOT:PSS fiber, polyaniline fiber, polythiophene fiber; inorganic conductive compound fiber and organic/inorganic conductive composite fiber, etc.; it can also be wrapped in a conductive material or a non-conductive material. Material sheath; it can also include a core and several layers of sheaths, the core and the inner sheath are conductive or non-conductive materials, the sheath is wrapped layer by layer outside the core, and the outermost sheath is a conductive material. The conductive material is an organic conductive material or an inorganic conductive material or an organic/inorganic composite conductive material.

Further, the conductive filament-like substrate may be a solid structure or a hollow structure, and its section shape may be circular or other shapes, such as rectangle, ellipse and so on.

Further, the diameter of the conductive filamentary substrate may be between 1 μm-1 mm, preferably 5 μm-100 μm.

Further, the type of the electrochemically active material depends on the type of battery to be prepared. For example, for a lithium ion battery, the electrochemically active material of the positive electrode can be LiCoO ₂ , LiMn ₂ O ₄ , LiFePO ₄ , S, etc., and the electrochemically active material of the negative electrode can be graphite, silicon, etc. For a zinc-manganese battery, the electrochemically active material of the positive electrode is MnO ₂ , and the electrochemically active material of the negative electrode is zinc.

Further, the material of the fiber positive stage and the fiber negative electrode is preferably coated with a conductive substance or itself conductive polymer plastic fiber carbon fiber, carbon nanofiber, graphene fiber, stainless steel fiber and nickel fiber, etc. Lightweight, cheap and Highly flexible fiber material.

Further, the fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode can be one or more.

Further, the diaphragm fiber includes polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, polyvinylidene fluoride plastic fiber, nylon fiber, polyester fiber, acrylic polyester fiber, aramid fiber, enameled wire, fine cotton thread, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber, glass fiber.

Further, the material of the outer encapsulation layer is a water-blocking polymer, including polytetrafluoroethylene.

A method for preparing a fiber chemical energy storage power supply, the steps comprising:

1) Coating the electrochemically active material on the conductive filamentary substrate to form the fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode, that is, the working electrode;

2) Winding separator fibers or wrapping porous polymer separators on the surface of at least one of the above working electrodes;

3) Assemble the fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode into a parallel or intertwined structure;

4) placing the assembled working electrode in an outer encapsulation layer;

5) Electrolyte is filled between the working electrode and the outer packaging layer to form a fiber chemical energy storage power source.

For different power supply systems, the preparation method of the positive and negative electrodes can be any common preparation method, such as first preparing the slurry of the corresponding electrochemically active material, then immersing the electrode in the slurry and then taking it out and drying it to remove the solvent. Rafa); or chemical vapor deposition, hydrothermal method, electrochemical method to prepare nanostructured electrochemically active materials on the electrode substrate, etc.

The preferred electrode preparation method is the pulling method, and the composition weight percentage of the coated material is generally 50-90% of the electrochemical active material, 1-25% of the conductive agent and 1-25% of the binder.

The preparation thickness of the material covered by the electrode can be determined according to its own capacitive properties. Generally, the preferred thickness of the covered material is 100 nm-50 μm.

In traditional chemical energy storage power supplies, the diaphragm can separate the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuit (or leakage) caused by direct contact between the two electrodes; moreover, the diaphragm needs to be a porous film, which is conducive to the diffusion of ions in the electrolyte; in addition , The diaphragm also needs to have a high degree of corrosion resistance to the electrolyte.

In the fiber chemical energy storage power supply we designed, the design and selection of the diaphragm is also particularly important. Here, we innovatively propose a diaphragm structure for fiber chemical energy storage power supply. This structure can not only effectively avoid the direct contact between the two fiber electrodes when the fiber energy storage power supply is bent, but also constitute a highly efficient ion transport channels. The specific design is as follows:

We evenly wind insulating separator fibers on the surface of the fiber positive electrode (or fiber negative electrode), such as polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, nylon fiber, enameled wire, fine cotton wire, etc.; the winding density can be selected according to the specific electrode diameter and application form , For example, for a working electrode with a diameter of 100 μm, the preferred separator fiber diameter is between 10 μm and 200 μm, and the preferred winding pitch is between 1 μm and 500 μm.

Compared with traditional diaphragm materials, the diaphragm fibers we use do not need to be porous, and the internal ions can be transported through the pitch channel, so this diaphragm fiber has a richer choice of materials, and some traditional diaphragms cannot be used All materials can be used for our diaphragm fibers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene plastic fibers, polyvinylidene fluoride plastic fibers, etc., which can effectively reduce the cost of diaphragm preparation and the cost of the final chemical energy storage power supply.

As mentioned above, there are many kinds of chemical power sources, and their performance is directly related to the material system used. The working principle of our proposed fiber chemical energy storage power source is the same as that of traditional chemical power sources, so this structure is also applicable to various chemical power systems.

The choice of electrolyte is determined by the specific type of chemical power source used. For example, for alkaline secondary batteries (zinc-manganese batteries, silver-zinc batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, zinc-oxygen batteries, etc.), the general electrolyte is alkaline KOH aqueous solution or contains polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polymethacrylic acid, Alkaline gel solution of polyvinyl alcohol, etc.). For lithium-ion batteries, the general electrolyte is LiPF ₆ acetonitrile/propylene carbonate solution, and its solvent can also be other organic solvents or ionic liquids with low volatility, low toxicity, high boiling point, and high ignition point, or dissolved with high Quasi-solid electrolyte of molecules (polyvinyl alcohol, polymethacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, etc.). Due to the consideration of packaging and practical use of fiber energy storage power supply, our preferred materials are as far as possible the gel electrolyte and solid electrolyte that can be used for this type of power supply.

Here we take the chemical power sources of several systems as examples to illustrate. For zinc-manganese alkaline batteries, the electrochemically active material components used in the fiber positive electrode are manganese dioxide (50-90% by weight), conductive agent (1-25%), and binder (1-25%); fiber negative electrode The composition of the electrochemical material used is zinc powder (50-90% by weight), additives (such as zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, etc., which help reduce hydrogen evolution, 1-25%), binder (1-25% ); the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of alkaline potassium hydroxide or a polymer gel solution; for a nickel-zinc secondary battery, the electrochemical material composition used in the fiber positive electrode is nickel hydroxide (NiOOH weight ratio 50-90%), Conductive agent (such as graphite powder, acetylene carbon, etc. 1-25%), binder (such as vinylidene fluoride, polymethyl acrylate, tetrafluoroethylene, etc. 1-25%); the electrochemical material used in the fiber negative electrode is zinc Powder (50-90% by weight), additives (such as zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, etc., which help reduce the precipitation of hydrogen, 1-25%), binder (1-25%); the electrolyte is alkaline hydrogen Potassium oxide aqueous solution or polymer gel solution; for silver-zinc secondary batteries, the electrochemically active material components of the fiber positive electrode are silver oxide (50-90% by weight), conductive agent (such as graphite powder, acetylene carbon 1-25 %), binder (such as vinylidene fluoride, polymethyl acrylate, tetrafluoroethylene, etc. 1-25%); the electrochemical material composition used in the fiber negative electrode is zinc powder (50-90% by weight), additives (such as Zinc oxide, bismuth oxide, etc. are helpful to reduce the precipitation of hydrogen (1-25%), binder (1-25%); the electrolyte is an aqueous solution of alkaline potassium hydroxide or a polymer gel solution; for lithium Ion batteries, the electrochemical materials used in the fiber positive electrode are high-potential lithium-ion intercalated active materials (50-90% by weight), such as LiFePO ₄ , LiMn ₂ O ₄ , LiCoO ₂ , elemental sulfur, etc., conductive agents (such as graphite powder, acetylene carbon 1-25%), binder (such as vinylidene fluoride, polymethyl acrylate, tetrafluoroethylene, etc. 1-25%); the electrochemical material composition used in the fiber negative electrode is low-potential lithium ion intercalation Active material (50-90% by weight), such as graphite, Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ , elemental silicon, etc., conductive agent (such as graphite powder, acetylene carbon 1-25%), binder (such as vinylidene fluoride, poly Methyl acrylate, tetrafluoroethylene, etc. 1-25%); the electrolyte is an organic solution containing lithium ion salt or a polymer gel solution, etc.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention can further expand the application of the flexible chemical energy storage power supply in the fields of energy and flexible electronics, and realizes a novel high-efficiency energy storage, high flexibility, weavable and portable fibrous flexible energy storage power supply. Through the series-parallel connection of multiple fiber energy storage power sources, it can be woven into a variety of flexible modules, and may be embedded in clothes, hats or curtains in our lives. In short, this kind of fiber flexibility can not only realize the diversification of applications, but also can use the pulling method to achieve large-scale production in the preparation process of the device, which has potential advantages.

In addition, compared with the traditional diaphragm material, the diaphragm fiber we use does not need to be porous, and the internal ions can be transmitted through the pitch channel, so the choice of materials for this diaphragm fiber is more abundant. Some traditional diaphragms cannot The materials used, such as polytetrafluoroethylene plastic fiber, polyvinylidene fluoride plastic fiber, etc., can be used as the membrane fiber of the present invention, thereby effectively reducing the manufacturing cost of the membrane.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an axial section of a fiber chemical energy storage power supply according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a radial section of a fiber chemical energy storage power supply according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the constant current discharge curve of the structure of the fiber chemical energy storage power supply in Example 1 of the present invention, the current is 50 μA;

Fig. 4 is the constant current discharge curve of the structure of the fiber chemical energy storage power source of the third embodiment of the present invention, the current is 0.1mA;

Among them: 1—conductive filamentary substrate, 2—electrochemical active material, 3—diaphragm fiber, 4—electrolyte, 5—outer sleeve.

Detailed ways

In order to fully understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

Embodiment one,

The structure and preparation method of a fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on zinc-manganese battery of the present invention

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the fiber chemical energy storage power source includes a conductive filamentary substrate 1 , an electrochemically active material 2 , a separator fiber 3 , an electrolyte 4 and an outer casing 5 . The electrochemically active material 2 is generally a porous active material film structure, and the active material film is wrapped on the outer surface of the conductive filamentary substrate 1 . The insulating separator fibers 3 are uniformly wound on the outer surface of the electrochemically active material 2 . The conductive filamentary substrate 1, the electrochemically active material 2 and the diaphragm fiber 3 together constitute the main body of the fiber chemical energy storage power supply. After the main body of the device is inserted into the outer sleeve 5, electrolyte 4 is filled in the outer sleeve 5 to form a complete fiber chemical energy storage power supply unit.

This embodiment is based on the fibrous chemical energy storage power supply of zinc-manganese battery, with stainless steel wire as the conductive filamentary substrate, the stainless steel wire coated with manganese dioxide film is the fiber positive electrode; the stainless steel wire coated with metal zinc film is the fiber negative electrode; The insulated enameled wire is evenly wound on the surface of the fiber positive electrode as a separator fiber, the fiber negative electrode is placed in parallel with the fiber positive electrode, and the electrolyte is filled between the fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode, and is covered with it in a flexible PTFE tube middle.

The preparation method of the positive electrode of the fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on the zinc-manganese battery is: coating and sintering the manganese dioxide slurry (pulling method) on the substrate of a conductive filamentary stainless steel wire (100 μm in diameter) with a length of 10 cm multiple times (pulling method), A manganese dioxide thin film with a film thickness of 50 μm was obtained. Wherein, the composition of the manganese dioxide slurry is 75% (weight ratio) of manganese dioxide, 10% of graphite powder and 15% of N-methylpyrrolidone slurry of polyvinylidene fluoride. The negative electrode preparation method of the fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on the zinc-manganese battery is: coating and sintering the metal zinc paste slurry (pulling method) on the substrate of a conductive filamentary stainless steel wire (diameter 100 μm) with a length of 10 cm multiple times, A metal zinc thin film with a film thickness of 50 μm was obtained. Among them, the composition of the metal zinc paste slurry is 75% (weight ratio) of metal zinc powder, 6% of zinc oxide powder, 4% of bismuth trioxide, and 15% of N-methylpyrrolidone of polyvinylidene fluoride slurry. As shown in the structure of Figure 1, the insulated enameled wire is evenly wound on the surface of the positive electrode (the diameter of the enameled wire is 200 μm, and the pitch is 200 μm), and the negative electrode is placed parallel to it and placed in a flexible PTFE tube. The injected electrolyte is an alkaline solution of ammonium chloride: potassium hydroxide: water (weight ratio 26:8.8:62.2). Under the two-electrode system, the constant current charge and discharge curve is measured, and the charge and discharge curve is shown in Figure 3. The figure shows that at a discharge current of 50 microamps and a discharge platform of 1.4V-1.2V, the battery continues to discharge for 3.5 hours.

Embodiment two,

Structure and preparation method of a fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on nickel-zinc battery of the present invention

This embodiment is based on the fibrous chemical energy storage power supply of nickel-zinc battery, with graphene fiber as the conductive filamentary substrate, the graphene fiber coated with nickel hydroxide film is the fiber positive electrode; the graphene fiber coated with metal zinc film is the fiber Negative electrode: The insulated enameled wire is used as a separator fiber to be evenly wound on the surface of the fiber positive electrode. Three fiber negative electrodes are placed in parallel with one fiber positive electrode. in a polytetrafluoroethylene tube.

The preparation method of the positive electrode of the fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on the nickel-zinc battery is: coating and sintering the basic nickel hydroxide slurry (pulling method) to obtain a nickel hydroxide thin film with a film thickness of 50 μm. Wherein, the composition of the basic nickel hydroxide slurry is 90% (weight ratio) of nickel basic hydroxide, 1% of graphite powder and 9% of N-methylpyrrolidone slurry of tetrafluoroethylene. The negative electrode preparation method of the fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on the nickel-zinc battery is: coating and sintering the metal zinc paste slurry on the conductive filamentary graphene fiber (diameter 5 μm) substrate with a length of 10 cm multiple times (pulling method) , to obtain a metal zinc thin film with a film thickness of 50 μm. Among them, the composition of the metal zinc paste slurry is 90% (weight ratio) of metal zinc powder, 0.5% of zinc oxide powder, 0.5% of bismuth trioxide, and 9% of N-methylpyrrolidone of polyvinylidene fluoride slurry. Wind the insulated enameled wire evenly on the surface of the positive electrode (the diameter of the enameled wire is 100 μm, and the pitch is 200 μm), place the three negative electrodes in parallel and close to each other, and put them into a flexible PTFE tube. The injected electrolyte is an alkaline solution of ammonium chloride: potassium hydroxide: water (weight ratio 26:8.8:62.2).

Embodiment three,

The structure and preparation method of a fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on lithium ion battery of the present invention

This embodiment is based on the fibrous chemical energy storage power supply of lithium ion battery, with stainless steel wire as the _conductive filament substrate, the stainless steel wire coated with _LiCoO2 film is the fiber positive _electrode ; the stainless steel wire coated with _Li4Ti5O12 film is the fiber Negative electrode: Insulated enameled wire is used as a separator fiber to be evenly wound on the surface of the fiber positive electrode, the fiber negative electrode is placed in parallel with the fiber positive electrode, the electrolyte is filled between the fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode, and it is covered with the flexible polycarbonate In vinyl fluoride tube.

The preparation method of the positive electrode of the fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on lithium-ion batteries is: on the substrate of conductive filamentary stainless steel wire (diameter 100 μm) with a length of 10 cm, LiCoO ₂ slurry is coated and sintered multiple times (pulling method), and obtained _LiCoO2 thin film with a film thickness of 50 μm. Wherein, the composition of the LiCoO ₂ slurry is 70% (by weight) of LiCoO ₂ , 20% of acetylene carbon and 10% of N-methylpyrrolidone slurry of polyvinylidene fluoride. The preparation method of the negative electrode of the fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on lithium-ion batteries is as follows: coating and sintering Li4Ti5O12 slurry (pulling method) on a conductive filamentary stainless steel wire (100 μm) substrate with a length of 10 cm multiple times to obtain a film thickness Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ film of 50 μm. Wherein, the composition of the Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ slurry is 70% (by weight) of Li ₄ Ti ₅ O ₁₂ , 20% of acetylene carbon and 10% of N-methylpyrrolidone slurry of polyvinylidene fluoride. As shown in Figure 1, the insulated enameled wire is evenly wound on the surface of the positive electrode (the diameter of the enameled wire is 200 μm, and the winding pitch is 500 μm), and the negative electrode is placed parallel to it and placed in a flexible PTFE tube. middle. The injected electrolyte is 1M LiPF ₆ acetonitrile/methyl acrylate (volume ratio 1:1). Under the two-electrode system, the galvanostatic charge-discharge curve was measured, as shown in FIG. 4 . The figure shows that at a discharge current of 100 microamps, the battery can be continuously discharged for 3 hours. The discharge platform is around 0.9V.

Embodiment four,

Structure and preparation method of a fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on silver-zinc battery of the present invention

This embodiment is based on the fibrous chemical energy storage power supply of silver-zinc battery, with PEDOT:PSS fiber as the conductive filamentary substrate, the PEDOT:PSS fiber coated with silver oxide film is the fiber positive electrode; the PEDOT:PSS fiber coated with metal zinc film It is a fiber negative electrode; the insulating polytetrafluoroethylene plastic fiber is used as a separator fiber to be evenly wound on the surface of the fiber positive electrode, the fiber negative electrode is placed in parallel with the fiber positive electrode, and the electrolyte is filled between the fiber positive electrode and the fiber negative electrode. Encased in flexible PTFE tubing.

The preparation method of the positive electrode of the fiber chemical energy storage power source based on the silver-zinc battery is: coating and sintering the silver oxide paste (pulling method) on the conductive filamentous PEDOT:PSS fiber (diameter 100 μm) substrate with a length of 10 cm multiple times , to obtain a silver oxide thin film with a film thickness of 50 μm. Wherein, the composition of the silver oxide paste is 50% (by weight) of silver oxide, 25% of graphite powder and 25% of N-methylpyrrolidone paste of polymethylacrylate. The negative electrode preparation method of the fiber chemical energy storage power supply based on silver-zinc battery is as follows: on the conductive filamentary PEDOT:PSS fiber (diameter 100 μm) substrate with a length of 10 cm, the metal zinc paste slurry is coated and sintered multiple times (pulling method ), to obtain a metal zinc film with a film thickness of 50 μm. Among them, the composition of the metal zinc paste slurry is 50% (weight ratio) of metal zinc powder, 15% of zinc oxide powder, 10% of bismuth trioxide, and 25% of N-methylpyrrolidone of polymethylacrylate slurry. As shown in Figure 1, the insulating polytetrafluoroethylene plastic fiber is evenly wound on the surface of the positive electrode (the diameter of the polytetrafluoroethylene plastic fiber is 10 μm, and the pitch is 1 μm), and the negative electrode is placed parallel to it and placed in the in flexible Teflon tubing. The injected electrolyte is an alkaline solution of ammonium chloride: potassium hydroxide: water (weight ratio 26:8.8:62.2).

In summary, the present invention discloses a structure of a fiber chemical energy storage power supply. The application scenarios and embodiments described above are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention depends on defined by the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A fibrous chemical energy storage power source, characterized by: the composite material comprises a fiber anode, a fiber cathode, an electrolyte, diaphragm fibers and an outer packaging layer; the diaphragm fiber is wound on at least one electrode of the fiber anode and the fiber cathode; the electrolyte is filled between the fiber anode and the fiber cathode and is coated in the outer packaging layer together with the fiber anode and the fiber cathode.

2. A fibrous chemical energy storage power source according to claim 1, wherein: the fiber anode and the fiber cathode respectively comprise a conductive filamentous substrate and an electrochemical active material coated outside the conductive filamentous substrate.

3. A fibrous chemical energy storage power source according to claim 2, wherein: the conductive filamentous substrate comprises a filamentous structure of which the outer layer of a metal wire or a non-metal conductive wire or a filamentous core is wrapped with a conductive material; the diameter of the conductive filamentous substrate is 1 mu m-1mm.

4. A fibrous chemical energy storage power source according to claim 1, wherein: the fiber positive grade and fiber negative pole are made of materials selected from polymer plastic fiber carbon fiber, carbon nanofiber, graphene fiber, stainless steel fiber and nickel fiber, the surfaces of which are coated with conductive substances or are conductive.

5. A fibrous chemical energy storage power source according to claim 1, wherein: the separator fiber includes: nylon fiber, polyester fiber, acrylic polyester fiber, aramid fiber, enameled wire, fine cotton thread, polypropylene fiber, polyethylene fiber, polyvinylidene fluoride fiber, polytetrafluoroethylene fiber and glass fiber.

6. A fibrous chemical energy storage power source according to claim 1, wherein: the outer packaging layer is made of water-proof polymer and comprises polytetrafluoroethylene.

7. A fibrous chemical energy storage power source according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the fiber anode and the number of the fiber cathode can be one or more.

8. A method of making a fibrous chemical energy storage power source according to any of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

1) Respectively coating electrochemical active materials on the conductive filamentous substrate to form a fiber anode and a fiber cathode, namely working electrodes;

2) Winding membrane fiber or wrapping a porous polymer membrane on the surface of at least one electrode in the working electrodes;

3) Assembling the fiber anode and the fiber cathode into a mutually parallel or winding structure;

4) Placing the assembled working electrode in an outer packaging layer;

5) And filling electrolyte between the working electrode and the outer packaging layer to form a fiber chemical energy storage power supply.

9. A method of making a fibrous chemical energy storage power source according to claim 8, wherein: the material coated in the step 1) comprises 50-90% of electrochemical active material, 1-25% of conductive agent and 1-25% of binder by weight percentage, and the coating thickness is 100nm-50 μm.

10. A method of making a fibrous chemical energy storage power source according to claim 8, wherein: for a working electrode with a diameter of 100 μm, the diameter of the separator fiber is 10 μm to 100 μm, and the winding pitch is 1 μm to 500 μm.

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