CN103698208A - Combination fixture for testing six-degree of freedom rigidity of special component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a combination fixture for testing six-degree of freedom rigidity of a special component. The combination fixture comprises an A-shaped upper fixture, an A-shaped lower fixture, a B-shaped upper fixture and a B-shaped lower fixture, wherein the A-shaped upper fixture adopts an A-shaped upper fixture body connected to an upper chuck of a tester; an A-shaped first clamping hole is formed in the A-shaped upper fixture body in the vertical direction, and is used for mounting a first joint or a second joint; the A-shaped upper fixture body is connected with an A-shaped fastening piece for fixing the first joint or the second joint. The combination fixture for testing the six-degree of freedom rigidity of the special component has the following advantages: the combination fixture can be adopted to finish all testing items of the special component to be tested, has better generality, can quickly realize the replacement of clamping schemes, reduces the clamping time and labor intensity to the greatest degree, and has better rigidity.

Description

A Combined Fixture for Six Degrees of Freedom Stiffness Test of Special-shaped Components

technical field

The invention relates to a stiffness test of a component, which belongs to the field of mechanical processing technology and testing, in particular to a reconfigurable combined fixture.

Background technique

At present, for the stiffness test of standard specimens, the standard chuck provided by the testing machine can be used for clamping. However, for special-shaped components used in engineering, standard chucks cannot meet the test requirements. For this reason, we can learn from the idea of fixtures in the field of mechanical processing. As we all know, combined fixtures, as a highly versatile process equipment, have the characteristics of reconfiguration. In the article "Research on the Application of Combined Fixtures in the Processing of Mechanical Products", Jia Xiangyun introduced the use of combined fixtures for a processing example of angularly positioned special-shaped parts. The combined fixture can effectively complete the positioning and adjustment of the miter joint in three directions of x, y and z. However, for special-shaped components with two joints, to test the linear stiffness and angular stiffness in the three directions of x, y, and z respectively, more and more complicated working conditions need to be considered, and the existing combined fixture cannot solve this problem.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, to provide a clamping device with better versatility, which can quickly realize the replacement of clamping schemes, save clamping time and labor intensity to the greatest extent, and has better rigidity. A combined fixture for six-degree-of-freedom stiffness testing of special-shaped components.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A combined fixture for six-degree-of-freedom stiffness testing of special-shaped components according to the present invention comprises an A-type upper fixture, an A-type lower fixture, a B-type upper fixture and a B-type lower fixture, and the A-type upper fixture is connected to The A-type upper clamp body on the upper chuck of the testing machine has a A-type first clamping hole arranged in the vertical direction on the A-type upper clamp body, and the A-type first clamping hole is used for The first joint or the second joint is installed, and the A-type fasteners for fixing the first joint or the second joint are connected to the A-type upper clamp body, and the A-type lower clamp includes fixing on the test bench The bottom plate is fixed with two side plates opposite to each other on the left and right, and a horizontal or oblique installation groove is symmetrically opened on the top of the two side plates. The installation groove set in the oblique direction is correspondingly loaded into the square pad or the oblique pad. The square platen of the A-type lower fixture or the special-shaped platen of the A-type lower fixture are fixed on the two side plates. Pressing block, first semicircular holes are respectively opened on the chuck body of the A-type lower fixture and the pressing block, and the two first semicircular holes constitute the second A-shaped fixed joint for clamping special-shaped components. Clamping hole; the B-type upper clamp is a B-type upper clamp body connected to the upper chuck of the testing machine, and the B-type upper clamp body is provided with a B-type first clamping hole arranged in the horizontal direction , the B-type first clamping hole is used to install the first joint or the second joint, and the B-type upper clamp body is connected with a B-type fastener for fixing the first joint or the second joint, The B-type lower clamp includes a B-type lower clamp chuck body fixed on the test bench, and a B-type lower clamp chuck pressure block is connected to the B-type lower clamp chuck body. There are B-type semicircular holes on the chuck body and the B-type lower clamp chuck pressure block respectively, and the two B-type semicircular holes constitute the B-type second clamping hole for clamping the fixed joint of the special-shaped component.

The advantages of the present invention are:

The combined fixture can complete all the items to be tested for the special-shaped components to be tested, has good versatility, can quickly realize the replacement of the clamping scheme, saves clamping time and labor intensity to the greatest extent, and has good stiffness.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an axonometric view of a special-shaped component, which has two joints to be tested and one fixed joint;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a combined fixture for six degrees of freedom stiffness testing of special-shaped components used for the x-direction stiffness test of the first joint;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the combined fixture of the present invention used for the y-direction stiffness test of the first joint;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the combined fixture of the present invention used for the z-direction stiffness test of the first joint;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the combined fixture of the present invention used for the x-direction stiffness test of the second joint;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the combined fixture of the present invention used for the y-direction stiffness test of the second joint;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the combined fixture of the present invention used for the z-direction stiffness test of the second joint;

Fig. 8 is a horizontal installation and assembly diagram of the A-type lower clamp chuck in a combination fixture used for the six-degree-of-freedom stiffness test of special-shaped components according to the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a vertical installation and assembly diagram of the A-type lower fixture chuck in a combination fixture used for six degrees of freedom stiffness testing of special-shaped components according to the present invention;

Fig. 10 is an assembly diagram of an oblique installation of the A-type lower clamp chuck in a combination fixture used for six degrees of freedom stiffness testing of special-shaped components according to the present invention;

Fig. 11 is an assembly diagram of a B-type lower fixture in a combination fixture used for six degrees of freedom stiffness testing of special-shaped components according to the present invention.

Notes: 1-Testing machine upper chuck; 2-A-type upper fixture; 3-Special-shaped components; 4-Plate and fastener combination; 5-A-type lower fixture; 6-Testing machine column; 7-Test bench; 8- B-type upper fixture; 9-B-type lower fixture; 10-A-type lower fixture square pressure plate; 11-A-type lower fixture clamp block; 12-A-type lower fixture chuck body; 13-side plate; 14-square Pad block; 15-bottom plate; 16-A type lower fixture special-shaped pressure plate; 17-inclined pad; 18-B type lower fixture chuck body; 19-B type lower fixture chuck pressure block;

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

The structure of the special-shaped member suitable for this fixture is shown in Figure 1. The axis of the first joint is perpendicular to the axis of the fixed joint, and the angle between the axis of the second joint and the axis of the fixed joint is variable. For a certain angle θ (0<θ<90 °), the inclination angle of a certain contact surface of the inclined pad can be designed to be θ or 90°-θ to match. It is then always possible to bring the second joint into both horizontal and vertical positions.

As shown in the accompanying drawings, a combination fixture of the present invention for six-degree-of-freedom stiffness testing of special-shaped components includes an A-type upper fixture 2, an A-type lower fixture 5, a B-type upper fixture 8, and a B-type lower fixture 9, The A-type upper clamp is an A-type upper clamp body connected to the upper chuck 1 of the testing machine, and the A-type upper clamp body is provided with an A-type first clamping hole arranged in a vertical direction. The A-type first clamping hole is used to install the first joint J1 or the second joint J2, and the A-type upper clamp body is connected with an A-type fastener for fixing the first joint or the second joint, The A-type lower fixture 5 includes a base plate 15 fixed on the test bench 7, on which two side plates 13 opposite to each other are fixed, and symmetrically opened on the top of the two side plates 13. A horizontally or obliquely installed installation groove, in which the horizontally or obliquely arranged installation grooves are correspondingly loaded with square pads 14 or oblique pads 17, and the two ends of the A-type lower clamp chuck are respectively installed In the horizontally or obliquely arranged draw-in slots of the square block 14 or inclined block 17, the square plate 10 of the A-type lower clamp or the special-shaped plate 16 of the A-type lower clamp are fixed on the two side plates. The lower clamp chuck includes an A-type lower clamp chuck body 12 and a pressure block 11 fixed on the A-type lower clamp chuck body 12. The first semicircular hole, the two first semicircular holes constitute the second clamping hole of A type for clamping the fixed joint G of the special-shaped component 3; the described B type upper clamp 8 is a chuck connected to the testing machine 1, the B-type upper clamping body has a B-type first clamping hole arranged in the horizontal direction on the B-type upper clamping body, and the B-type first clamping hole is used to install the first joint Or the second joint, the B-type fasteners used to fix the first joint or the second joint are connected to the B-type upper clamp body, and the B-type lower clamp 9 includes a B-type clamp fixed on the test bench 7 Type lower clamp chuck body 18, the B-type lower clamp chuck body 18 is connected with a B-type lower clamp chuck pressing block, and the B-type lower clamp chuck body 18 and the B-type lower clamp chuck pressing block 19 are respectively provided with B-shaped semicircular holes, and the two B-shaped semicircular holes constitute the B-shaped second clamping holes for clamping the fixed joint of the special-shaped component 3 .

As shown in Figure 2, the A-type lower clamp 5 is fixed on the testing machine base 7 through the combination of the pressure plate and the fastener 4. In the figure 6 is the testing machine column, and the A-type second clamping hole of the A-type lower clamp 5 is in the Horizontal position, clamping the fixed joint of the special-shaped component 3, so that the first joint is in the vertical position, the A-type upper clamp 2 clamps the first joint of the special-shaped component 3 to be tested, and realizes the installation when testing the x-direction stiffness of the first joint. folder. The upper clamp 1 of the testing machine clamps the A-type upper clamp 2. When the testing machine applies a vertical force load to the first joint through the upper clamp 1, the linear displacement and the corresponding force of the first joint are recorded. Then perform data processing to obtain the linear stiffness in the x-direction; when a vertical torque is applied, record the angular displacement and the corresponding torque of the first joint, and then perform data processing to obtain the angular stiffness in the x-direction.

Figure 3 shows the clamping scheme when testing the y-direction stiffness of the first joint. The fixed joint of the special-shaped component 3 is clamped by the B-type lower clamp 9, so that the axes of the three joints of the component are all in a horizontal position. The upper clamp 8 clamps the first joint, and the B-type lower clamp is fixed on the testing machine base 7 through the pressing plate and the fastener combination 4 . The upper clamp 1 of the testing machine clamps the B-type upper clamp 8. When the testing machine applies a force load in the vertical direction to the first joint through the upper clamp 1, the linear displacement and the corresponding force of the first joint are recorded. Then data processing is performed to obtain the linear stiffness in the y direction; when a vertical torque is applied, the angular stiffness in the y direction can be obtained by recording the angular displacement and the corresponding torque of the first joint and post-processing.

Figure 4 shows the clamping scheme when testing the z-direction stiffness of the first joint. At this time, the A-type second clamping hole of the A-type lower clamp 5 is in a vertical position, and the fixed joint of the special-shaped member 3 extends from top to bottom. Insert it into the second clamping hole of type A, use the upper clamp 8 of type B to clamp the first joint, and fix the lower clamp of type A on the base 7 of the testing machine through the combination of pressure plate and fastener 4. The upper clamp 1 of the testing machine clamps the B-type upper clamp 8. When the testing machine applies a force load in the vertical direction to the first joint through the upper clamp 1, the linear displacement and the corresponding force of the first joint are recorded. Then perform data processing to obtain the linear stiffness in the z direction; when a vertical torque is applied, record the angular displacement and the corresponding torque of the first joint, and then perform data processing to obtain the angular stiffness in the z direction.

Figure 5 shows the clamping scheme when testing the x-direction stiffness of the second joint. In the A-type lower fixture 5, the combination of the inclined pad 17 and the A-type lower fixture special-shaped pressure plate 16 can make the chuck be installed obliquely, and the fixed The joint stretches into the second clamping hole of the A-type from bottom to top, and now the second joint is in a vertical position, and is clamped by the upper clamp 2 of the A-type. The upper clamp 1 of the testing machine clamps the A-type upper clamp 2. When the testing machine applies a vertical force load to the second joint through the upper clamp 1, the linear displacement and the corresponding force of the first joint are recorded. Then perform data processing to obtain the linear stiffness in the x direction; when applying a vertical torque, record the angular displacement and the corresponding torque of the second joint, and then perform data processing to obtain the angular stiffness in the x direction.

Fig. 6 shows the clamping scheme when testing the y-direction stiffness of the second joint, which is similar to that shown in Fig. 3 . Use the B-type lower clamp 9 to clamp the fixed joint of the special-shaped component 3, so that the axes of the three joints of the component are all in a horizontal position, use the B-type upper clamp 8 to clamp the second joint, and use the pressure plate and the fastener combination 4 to fix the B The lower clamp is fixed on the base 7 of the testing machine. The upper clamp 1 of the testing machine clamps the B-type upper clamp 8. When the testing machine applies a force load in the vertical direction to the second joint through the upper clamp 1, the linear displacement and the corresponding force of the first joint are recorded. Then perform data processing to obtain the linear stiffness in the y direction; when applying a vertical torque, record the angular displacement and the corresponding torque of the second joint, and then perform data processing to obtain the angular stiffness in the y direction.

Fig. 7 shows the clamping scheme when testing the z-direction stiffness of the second joint. In Fig. 5, the chuck of the A-type lower fixture is turned 90° counterclockwise, and the combination of the inclined pad 17 and the special-shaped pressure plate 16 of the A-type lower fixture is used. , the fixed joint is stretched into the round hole of the chuck from top to bottom, and the second joint is in a horizontal position at this moment, and is clamped with the B-type upper clamp 8. The upper clamp 1 of the testing machine clamps the B-type upper clamp 8. When the testing machine applies a force load in the vertical direction to the second joint through the upper clamp 1, the linear displacement and the corresponding force of the first joint are recorded. Then perform data processing to obtain the linear stiffness in the z direction; when a vertical torque is applied, record the angular displacement and the corresponding torque of the second joint, and then perform data processing to obtain the angular stiffness in the z direction.

Fig. 8 is an assembly diagram of the A-type lower fixture 5. The left and right side plates 13 are symmetrically fixed on the bottom plate 15, and the square pads 14 are respectively installed in the installation grooves of the two side plates 13. First, the A-type lower fixture chucks The main body 12 and the pressure block 11 are fastened with bolts to form the A-type lower fixture chuck, put the chuck into the slot of the square cushion block 12, and use the A-type lower fixture square pressure plate 10 to cooperate with the bolts to compact, at this time the A-type The lower fixture 5 is assembled. The collet hole in the A-type lower fixture 5 is placed horizontally, the collet hole in the A-type lower fixture 5 shown in Figure 9 is placed vertically, and the collet hole in the A-type lower fixture 5 shown in Figure 10 is placed obliquely , will use inclined cushion block 17 and A type lower fixture special-shaped pressing plate 16 this moment. Figure 11 shows the assembly diagram of the B-type lower clamp 9, the B-type lower clamp body 18 is fixed on the base plate 15 with bolts, and the B-type lower clamp pressure block 19 is used to cooperate with the fastener to form a clamping hole.

Claims (1)

1. the built-up jig for special-shaped component six degree of freedom rigidity test, it is characterized in that: it comprises fixture in A type, A type lower clamp, fixture and Type B lower clamp on Type B, in described A type, fixture is clamp body in the A type being connected on testing machine upper grip, in described A type, on clamp body, have A type the first holes for clamping vertically arranging, described A type the first holes for clamping is used for installing the first joint or the second joint, in described A type, on clamp body, be connected with and fix the A type securing member that the first joint or the second joint are used, described A type lower clamp comprises the base plate being fixed on testing table, on described base plate, be fixed with two side plates that left and right is oppositely arranged, symmetrically respectively at the top of two side plates have one and be horizontally disposed with or mounting groove that tilted direction arranges, described be horizontally disposed with or the mounting groove of tilted direction setting in the corresponding side's of packing into cushion block or taper liner piece, the two ends of A type lower clamp chuck are respectively in the draw-in groove that is horizontally disposed with or is obliquely installed of the side's of being contained in cushion block or taper liner piece and be fixed on two side plates by the square pressing plate of A type lower clamp or A type lower clamp abnormity pressing plate, described A type lower clamp chuck comprises A type lower clamp chuck body and is fixed on the briquetting on A type lower clamp chuck body, on described A type lower clamp chuck body and briquetting, have the first semicircle orifice, two described the first semicircle orifices are configured for A type second holes for clamping of the fixture splice of clamping special-shaped component, on described Type B, fixture is clamp body on the Type B being connected on testing machine upper grip, on described Type B, on clamp body, have Type B the first holes for clamping that along continuous straight runs arranges, described Type B the first holes for clamping is used for installing the first joint or the second joint, on described Type B, on clamp body, be connected with and fix the Type B securing member that the first joint or the second joint are used, described Type B lower clamp comprises the Type B lower clamp chuck body being fixed on testing table, on described Type B lower clamp chuck body, be connected with Type B lower clamp chuck briquetting, on Type B lower clamp chuck body and Type B lower clamp chuck briquetting, have Type B semicircle orifice, Type B the second holes for clamping that the fixture splice that two described Type B semicircle orifices are configured for clamping special-shaped component is used.

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