CN103698120B - A kind of rod of freight wagon test unit and method - Google Patents

A kind of rod of freight wagon test unit and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103698120B
CN103698120B CN201310738918.1A CN201310738918A CN103698120B CN 103698120 B CN103698120 B CN 103698120B CN 201310738918 A CN201310738918 A CN 201310738918A CN 103698120 B CN103698120 B CN 103698120B
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revolving valve
pressure
test
pull bar
checking cylinder
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CN103698120A (en
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王秀芬
田川
金锋
张瑞增
史远
文林涛
王卿
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CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co Ltd
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CSR Erqi Vehicle Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of rod of freight wagon test unit and method, this test unit comprises: an operator's console, one is arranged on the checking cylinder below described operator's console, one is arranged on the storage reservoir below described operator's console, the shifter lever that the push rod of one one end and described checking cylinder is rotationally connected, one cylinder lever connecting rod be rotationally connected with the described shifter lever other end, one support being fixed on described operator's console side, and some fixed orifices to being set in qually spaced in described support both sides, wherein, described operator's console props up in ground by the support below it, be rotatably connected in the middle part of described shifter lever in described support, connected by pipeline between described checking cylinder and storage reservoir, described pipeline arranges single-revolution valve, a tensimeter and a pressure regulator valve, often pair of described fixed orifice arranges in described support symmetria bilateralis and locates in the same horizontal line, fixed orifice described in a pair is rotationally connected one wherein for the stationary installation of fixation test pull bar.The present invention can be widely used in the tensile test of rod of freight wagon.

Description

A kind of rod of freight wagon test unit and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test unit and method, particularly about a kind of rod of freight wagon test unit and method.
Background technology
Railway freight-car brake rigging is a whole set of rod gear, and it transmits braking motive power after brake produces braking motive power, and gives each brake shoe or brake disc disc by the expansion of this power and then uniform distribution.In brake rigging, pull bar is the vitals of gearing, by pulling force or pressure.Functional for guaranteeing railway freight-car brake rigging, pull bar manufacture or before overhauling qualified rear entrucking, needs to carry out tensile test, guarantees that pull bar can bear certain effect power.General railway freight-car pull bar length is generally less than 9m, but SQ5 type double-layered transport vehicles special car pull bar length is about 16m, existing pull bar test unit can not meet the testing requirements of SQ5 type double-layered transport vehicles special car draw-bar pull completely, therefore, in prior art, SQ5 type double-layered transport vehicles special car pull bar does not carry out tensile test before entrucking.On the other hand, pull bar is arranged on lower car body usually, is in the state be not easily observed, if it manufactures insufficient strength, just may there is phenomenon of rupture when transmitting damping force, if operating personnel can not find, the potential safety hazard of serious railway freight-car train operation can be caused.Therefore, carrying out tensile test to SQ5 type double-layered transport vehicles special car pull bar is need the problem of solution badly.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of structure and simply, easily operate, and the good pull bar test unit of security performance and using method thereof, the present invention can be widely used in the tensile test of rod of freight wagon.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of rod of freight wagon test unit, it is characterized in that, this test unit comprises: an operator's console, one is arranged on the checking cylinder below described operator's console, one is arranged on the storage reservoir below described operator's console, the shifter lever that the push rod of one one end and described checking cylinder is rotationally connected, one cylinder lever connecting rod be rotationally connected with the described shifter lever other end, one support being fixed on described operator's console side, and some fixed orifices to being set in qually spaced in described support both sides, wherein, described operator's console props up in ground by the support below it, be rotatably connected in the middle part of described shifter lever in described support, connected by pipeline between described checking cylinder and storage reservoir, described pipeline arranges single-revolution valve, a tensimeter and a pressure regulator valve, often pair of described fixed orifice arranges in described support symmetria bilateralis and locates in the same horizontal line, fixed orifice described in a pair is rotationally connected one wherein for the stationary installation of fixation test pull bar.
The main body of described operator's console is formed by structural section assembly welding, and the table top of described operator's console is made up of 4mm, 6mm or 8mm steel plate; The main body of described support is formed by structural section assembly welding, and the supporting surface of described support is made up of 240mm channel-section steel; Described operator's console arranges the mounting hole that two run through its table top, and described revolving valve and tensimeter are arranged in described mounting hole respectively.
Described stationary installation comprises a U-shaped holder and an adjustment bolt, and described adjustment bolt is connected on described holder by a set nut, all arranges a pin-and-hole at the external part of described holder and the bolt head end of adjustment bolt.
Described stationary installation and support and test pull bar, described cylinder lever connecting rod and test pull bar and shifter lever, described shifter lever and the support of operator's console and the push rod of checking cylinder all adopt and be connected round pin and connect, described connection round pin comprises a stub and an auxiliary pin, described stub one end is plunger, the other end is shank, and described auxiliary pin runs through shank one end of stub.
Described revolving valve is arranged the handle that can carry out rotation process, on described revolving valve, interval arranges and fills wind, trickle charge wind, pressurize and air draft four control gear soon:
When described revolving valve control gear be in described fill wind or described trickle charge wind soon time, the pipeline between described storage reservoir to described checking cylinder is in the state of charged pressure air, but fills wind speed degree speed difference; When described revolving valve control gear is in described pressurize, the path of revolving valve pressure at both sides air described in described pressure regulator valve to described checking cylinder pipeline is cut off, but all there is pressure air described revolving valve both sides; When described revolving valve control gear is in air draft, the path of revolving valve pressure at both sides air described in described pressure regulator valve to described checking cylinder pipeline is cut off, but retain the pressure air of described revolving valve near the side of wind regime, discharge the pressure air of described revolving valve opposite side.
A kind of rod of freight wagon test method, comprises the following steps:
1) calculate the value of thrust of pull bar test according to the diameter of test pull bar, computing formula is:
F=0.092d 2
F-pull bar test value of thrust, unit kN;
D-pull bar diameter, unit mm;
2) according to test draw-bar pull value, the conversion ratio b/a of shifter lever and the diameter of checking cylinder that step 1) obtains, calculate required high-pressure air pressure value, computing formula is:
P=785.4·F·(b/a)/D 2
High-pressure air pressure value needed for P-, unit kPa;
D-checking cylinder diameter, unit mm;
F-pull bar test value of thrust, unit kN;
The conversion ratio of b/a-shifter lever, wherein b is the distance of pin-and-hole center, middle part to pin-and-hole center, upper end of shifter lever, and a is the distance of pin-and-hole center, middle part to pin-and-hole center, lower end of shifter lever;
3) according to step 2) the required high-pressure air pressure value that obtains, adjust the force value of described pressure regulator valve;
4) test pull bar is connected between described stationary installation and described cylinder lever connecting rod, the length of described adjustment bolt is regulated, described holder is connected with support, tighten described set nut;
5) adjust revolving valve, described checking cylinder is inflated, make pressure reach described required high-pressure air pressure value.
6) whether knock the described each position of test pull bar with the hand hammer of 0.5kg, testing each position of pull bar described in visual examination has crackle, if there is crackle, then judges that this pull bar is defective.
7) when pressure reached described required high-pressure air pressure value after five minutes, adjust described revolving valve and carry out air draft to described checking cylinder, after air draft, pull down test pull bar, pull bar has been tested.
Described revolving valve is arranged the handle that can carry out rotation process, on described revolving valve, interval arranges and fills wind, trickle charge wind, pressurize and air draft four control gear soon; In described step 5), rotate described revolving valve handle, described handle is placed in and describedly fills wind gear soon, described checking cylinder is inflated, when pressure is close to described required high-pressure air pressure value, described revolving valve handle is placed in described trickle charge wind gear, when pressure reaches described required high-pressure air pressure value, described revolving valve handle is placed in described pressurize gear.
In described step 7), the air draft process of described checking cylinder realizes to air draft gear by rotating described revolving valve handle.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention includes operator's console, support, stationary installation, cylinder lever connecting rod, shifter lever, brake cylinder push bar, checking cylinder, connection round pin, revolving valve, tensimeter, pressure regulator valve, storage reservoir and some connecting lines, operator's console is only provided with revolving valve and tensimeter, and other parts such as brake cylinder push bar, checking cylinder, storage reservoir, pressure regulator valve, connecting line are all arranged on below worktable, install simple and convenient.2, the present invention is owing to arranging adjustment bolt and lock nut on the securing means, has adjustable function, and when worker tests, can standing operation, improves work efficiency and safety coefficient.3, the present invention is owing to being connected a pressure regulator valve at wind regime with on checking cylinder pipeline, aspiration pressure can be adjusted to 300 ~ 500kPa, and can keep pressure stability, therefore pressure stability of the present invention.4, the present invention controls filling wind, trickle charge wind, pressurize and air draft four soon on gear concentrated setting revolving valve, and therefore can be tested by the pulling force of revolving valve to pull bar easily, compact conformation, practicality are good.5, the present invention is provided with tensimeter on operator's console, therefore can monitor the pressure in pull bar process of the test easily.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of support of the present invention and operator's console;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of support of the present invention and operator's console;
Fig. 3 is structural principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the front view of stationary installation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of stationary installation of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of cylinder lever connecting rod of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of shifter lever of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the front view of connection round pin of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the side view of connection round pin of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of revolving valve of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, pull bar test unit of the present invention comprises operator's console 1, and operator's console 1 props up in ground by supporting 1-2.Checking cylinder 7 and storage reservoir 13 is provided with in the below of operator's console 1.Connected by pipeline 14 between checking cylinder 7 and storage reservoir 13, the pipeline 14 between checking cylinder 7 and storage reservoir 13 is also provided with revolving valve 10, tensimeter 11 and pressure regulator valve 12.Operator's console 1 is arranged the mounting hole 1-1 that two run through its table top, revolving valve 10 and tensimeter 11 are arranged in mounting hole 1-1 respectively.The push rod 6 of checking cylinder 7 is rotationally connected a shifter lever 5, be rotatably connected on and support on 1-2, and the other end and a cylinder lever connecting rod 4 is rotationally connected in the middle part of shifter lever 5.
Weld a rectangle support 2 in the side of operator's console 1, some to fixed orifice 2-1 at the both sides spaced set of support 2, the often couple of fixed orifice 2-1 is symmetrical arranged and on the same axis.Wherein on a pair fixed orifice 2-1, be rotationally connected a stationary installation 3.When carrying out pull bar test, the two ends of test pull bar 9 are rotationally connected stationary installation 3 and cylinder lever connecting rod 4 respectively, and test pull bar 9 is fixed between stationary installation 3 and cylinder lever connecting rod 4.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, stationary installation 3 comprises a U-shaped holder 3-2 and adjustment bolt 3-1, and adjustment bolt 3-1 is connected on holder 3-2 by set nut 3-3, is provided with pin-and-hole at the external part of holder 3-2 and the bolt head end of adjustment bolt 3-1.Wherein, the pin-and-hole adjusting bolt 3-1 bolt head end is used for being connected with test pull bar 9.
As shown in Figure 6, cylinder lever connecting rod 4 comprises drag link body 4-1 and is positioned at drawhead 4-2, the 4-3 at drag link body 4-1 two ends.Two drawhead 4-2,4-3 are arranged respectively the pin-and-hole being used for joint test pull bar 9 and shifter lever 5.
As shown in Figure 7, the pin-and-hole in the middle part of shifter lever 5 is Long Circle hole, and the pin-and-hole at two ends is circular port.
As shown in Figure 10, revolving valve 10 arranges one to carry out rotation process operating grip to it, simultaneously on revolving valve 10, interval arranges and fills wind 10-1, trickle charge wind 10-2, pressurize 10-3 and air draft 10-4 tetra-soon and control gear, and four particular locations controlling gears can need set according to real work.When revolving valve 10 control gear be in fill wind 10-1 or trickle charge wind 10-2 soon time, the pipeline between storage reservoir 13 to checking cylinder 7 is in the state of charged pressure air, just fills wind speed degree speed difference; When revolving valve 10 control gear be in pressurize 10-3 time, the path of revolving valve 10 pressure at both sides air in cutting-off pressure-regulating valve 12 to checking cylinder 7 pipeline, but now all there is pressure air revolving valve 10 both sides; When revolving valve 10 control gear be in air draft 10-4 time, the path of revolving valve 10 pressure at both sides air in cutting-off pressure-regulating valve 12 to checking cylinder 7 pipeline, now retains the pressure air of revolving valve 10 near the side of wind regime, discharges the pressure air of revolving valve 10 opposite side.When this test unit does not work, the control gear of revolving valve 10 is set to air draft 10-4.
In above-described embodiment, stationary installation 3 and support 2 and test pull bar 9, cylinder lever connecting rod 4 and test pull bar 9 and shifter lever 5, the support 1-2 of shifter lever 5 and operator's console 1 and brake cylinder push bar 6 and all can adopt and be connected round pin 8 and connect.Connect round pin 8 and comprise an a stub 8-1 and auxiliary pin 8-2, stub 8-1 one end is plunger, and the other end is shank, and auxiliary pin 8-2 runs through shank one end (as shown in Figure 8, Figure 9) of stub 8-1.Wear away for reducing round pin 8, round pin connecting hole can bushing (not shown).
In above-described embodiment, the main body of operator's console 1 is formed by the structural section assembly welding of different size, and to meet the strength and stiffness requirement of test unit, the table top of operator's console 1 is made up of 4mm, 6mm or 8mm steel plate.
The main body of support 2 is formed by the structural section assembly welding of different size, and to meet the strength and stiffness requirement of test unit, the supporting surface of support 2 is made up of 240mm channel-section steel.When carrying out pull bar test, if test pull bar length is greater than 8m, two or three supports 2 can be adopted, be fixedly connected with between each support 2.
According to the pull bar test unit provided in above-described embodiment, the invention allows for a kind of rod of freight wagon test method, it comprises the following steps:
1) calculate the value of thrust of pull bar test according to the diameter of test pull bar 9, computing formula is:
F=0.092d 2
F-pull bar test value of thrust, unit kN;
D-pull bar diameter, unit mm.
2) according to test draw-bar pull value, the conversion ratio b/a of shifter lever 5 and the diameter of checking cylinder 7, calculate required high-pressure air pressure value, computing formula is:
P=785.4·F·(b/a)/D 2
High-pressure air pressure value needed for P-, unit kPa;
D-checking cylinder 7 diameter, unit mm;
F-pull bar test value of thrust, unit kN;
The conversion ratio of b/a-shifter lever 5, wherein b is the distance of pin-and-hole center, middle part to pin-and-hole center, upper end of shifter lever 5, and a is the distance of pin-and-hole center, middle part to pin-and-hole center, lower end of shifter lever 5.
3) according to the required high-pressure air pressure value of calculating, the force value of adjustment pressure regulator valve 12, with the requirement of satisfied test draw-bar pull value.
4) test pull bar 9 is connected between stationary installation 3 and cylinder lever connecting rod 4, the length of adjustment bolt 3-1 is regulated, holder 3-2 is connected with support 2, tightens set nut 3-3.
5) revolving valve 10 handle is rotated, handle is placed in and fills wind 10-1 gear soon, checking cylinder 7 is inflated, when pressure is close to required high-pressure air pressure value, revolving valve 10 handle is placed in trickle charge wind 10-2 gear, when pressure reaches required high-pressure air pressure value, revolving valve 10 handle is placed in pressurize 10-3 gear.
6) with each position of hand hammer Knock test pull bar of 0.5kg, whether each position of visual examination pull bar has crackle, if there is crackle, judges that this pull bar is defective.
7) when revolving valve 10 handle was placed in pressurize 10-3 gear after five minutes, rotate revolving valve 10 handle, handle is placed in air draft 10-4 gear, after checking cylinder completes air draft, pull down test pull bar, pull bar has been tested.
The present invention is only described with above-described embodiment; the structure of each parts, setting position and connecting all can change to some extent; on the basis of technical solution of the present invention; all improvement of carrying out individual part according to the principle of the invention and equivalents, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a rod of freight wagon test unit, is characterized in that, this test unit comprises:
One operator's console,
One is arranged on the checking cylinder below described operator's console,
One is arranged on the storage reservoir below described operator's console,
The shifter lever that the push rod of one one end and described checking cylinder is rotationally connected,
One cylinder lever connecting rod be rotationally connected with the described shifter lever other end,
One support being fixed on described operator's console side, and
Some fixed orifices to being set in qually spaced in described support both sides,
Wherein, described operator's console props up in ground by the support below it, is rotatably connected in described support in the middle part of described shifter lever; Connected by pipeline between described checking cylinder and storage reservoir, described pipeline arranges single-revolution valve, a tensimeter and a pressure regulator valve; Often pair of described fixed orifice arranges in described support symmetria bilateralis and locates in the same horizontal line, fixed orifice described in a pair is rotationally connected one wherein for the stationary installation of fixation test pull bar.
2. a kind of rod of freight wagon test unit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the main body of described operator's console is formed by structural section assembly welding, and the table top of described operator's console is made up of 4mm, 6mm or 8mm steel plate; The main body of described support is formed by structural section assembly welding, and the supporting surface of described support is made up of 240mm channel-section steel; Described operator's console arranges the mounting hole that two run through its table top, and described revolving valve and tensimeter are arranged in described mounting hole respectively.
3. a kind of rod of freight wagon test unit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described stationary installation comprises a U-shaped holder and an adjustment bolt, described adjustment bolt is connected on described holder by a set nut, all arranges a pin-and-hole at the external part of described holder and the bolt head end of adjustment bolt.
4. a kind of rod of freight wagon test unit as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described stationary installation comprises a U-shaped holder and an adjustment bolt, described adjustment bolt is connected on described holder by a set nut, all arranges a pin-and-hole at the external part of described holder and the bolt head end of adjustment bolt.
5. a kind of rod of freight wagon test unit according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that, described stationary installation and support and test pull bar, described cylinder lever connecting rod and test pull bar and shifter lever, described shifter lever and the support of operator's console and the push rod of checking cylinder all adopt and be connected round pin and connect, described connection round pin comprises a stub and an auxiliary pin, described stub one end is plunger, the other end is shank, and described auxiliary pin runs through shank one end of stub.
6. a kind of rod of freight wagon test unit according to any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that, described revolving valve is arranged the handle that can carry out rotation process, on described revolving valve, interval arranges and fills wind, trickle charge wind, pressurize and air draft four control gear soon:
When described revolving valve control gear be in described fill wind or described trickle charge wind soon time, the pipeline between described storage reservoir to described checking cylinder is in the state of charged pressure air, but fills wind speed degree speed difference; When described revolving valve control gear is in described pressurize, the path of revolving valve pressure at both sides air described in described pressure regulator valve to described checking cylinder pipeline is cut off, but all there is pressure air described revolving valve both sides; When described revolving valve control gear is in air draft, the path of revolving valve pressure at both sides air described in described pressure regulator valve to described checking cylinder pipeline is cut off, but retain the pressure air of described revolving valve near the side of wind regime, discharge the pressure air of described revolving valve opposite side.
7. a kind of rod of freight wagon test unit as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described revolving valve is arranged the handle that can carry out rotation process, and on described revolving valve, interval arranges and fills wind, trickle charge wind, pressurize and air draft four control gear soon:
When described revolving valve control gear be in described fill wind or described trickle charge wind soon time, the pipeline between described storage reservoir to described checking cylinder is in the state of charged pressure air, but fills wind speed degree speed difference; When described revolving valve control gear is in described pressurize, the path of revolving valve pressure at both sides air described in described pressure regulator valve to described checking cylinder pipeline is cut off, but all there is pressure air described revolving valve both sides; When described revolving valve control gear is in air draft, the path of revolving valve pressure at both sides air described in described pressure regulator valve to described checking cylinder pipeline is cut off, but retain the pressure air of described revolving valve near the side of wind regime, discharge the pressure air of described revolving valve opposite side.
8. utilize the rod of freight wagon test method that device carries out according to any one of claim 1 to 7, comprise the following steps:
1) calculate the value of thrust of pull bar test according to the diameter of test pull bar, computing formula is:
F=0.092d 2
F-pull bar test value of thrust, unit kN;
D-pull bar diameter, unit mm;
2) according to step 1) the test draw-bar pull value, the conversion ratio b/a of shifter lever and the diameter of checking cylinder that obtain, calculate required high-pressure air pressure value, computing formula is:
P=785.4·F·(b/a)/D 2
High-pressure air pressure value needed for P-, unit kPa;
D-checking cylinder diameter, unit mm;
F-pull bar test value of thrust, unit kN;
The conversion ratio of b/a-shifter lever, wherein b is the distance of pin-and-hole center, middle part to pin-and-hole center, upper end of shifter lever, and a is the distance of pin-and-hole center, middle part to pin-and-hole center, lower end of shifter lever;
3) according to step 2) the required high-pressure air pressure value that obtains, adjust the force value of described pressure regulator valve;
4) test pull bar is connected between described stationary installation and described cylinder lever connecting rod, the length of described adjustment bolt is regulated, described holder is connected with support, tighten described set nut;
5) adjust revolving valve, described checking cylinder is inflated, make pressure reach described required high-pressure air pressure value;
6) whether knock the described each position of test pull bar with the hand hammer of 0.5kg, testing each position of pull bar described in visual examination has crackle, if there is crackle, then judges that this pull bar is defective;
7) when pressure reached described required high-pressure air pressure value after five minutes, adjust described revolving valve and carry out air draft to described checking cylinder, after air draft, pull down test pull bar, pull bar has been tested.
9. a kind of rod of freight wagon test method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described revolving valve is arranged the handle that can carry out rotation process, and on described revolving valve, interval arranges and fills wind, trickle charge wind, pressurize and air draft four control gear soon; In described step 5) in, rotate described revolving valve handle, described handle is placed in and describedly fills wind gear soon, described checking cylinder is inflated, when pressure is close to described required high-pressure air pressure value, described revolving valve handle is placed in described trickle charge wind gear, when pressure reaches described required high-pressure air pressure value, described revolving valve handle is placed in described pressurize gear.
10. a kind of rod of freight wagon test method as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, in described step 7) in, the air draft process of described checking cylinder realizes to air draft gear by rotating described revolving valve handle.
CN201310738918.1A 2013-12-26 2013-12-26 A kind of rod of freight wagon test unit and method Active CN103698120B (en)

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